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Han J, Kiss L, Mei H, Remete AM, Ponikvar-Svet M, Sedgwick DM, Roman R, Fustero S, Moriwaki H, Soloshonok VA. Chemical Aspects of Human and Environmental Overload with Fluorine. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4678-4742. [PMID: 33723999 PMCID: PMC8945431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 100-120 years, due to the ever-increasing importance of fluorine-containing compounds in modern technology and daily life, the explosive development of the fluorochemical industry led to an enormous increase of emission of fluoride ions into the biosphere. This made it more and more important to understand the biological activities, metabolism, degradation, and possible environmental hazards of such substances. This comprehensive and critical review focuses on the effects of fluoride ions and organofluorine compounds (mainly pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals) on human health and the environment. To give a better overview, various connected topics are also discussed: reasons and trends of the advance of fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, metabolism of fluorinated drugs, withdrawn fluorinated drugs, natural sources of organic and inorganic fluorine compounds in the environment (including the biosphere), sources of fluoride intake, and finally biomarkers of fluoride exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Loránd Kiss
- University
of Szeged, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
and Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Attila Márió Remete
- University
of Szeged, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
and Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maja Ponikvar-Svet
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jožef
Stefan Institute, Jamova
cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daniel Mark Sedgwick
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Raquel Roman
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia Spain
| | - Hiroki Moriwaki
- Hamari
Chemicals Ltd., 1-19-40, Nankokita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka 559-0034, Japan
| | - Vadim A. Soloshonok
- Department
of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
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Matsumoto K, Shima K, Sugimoto T, Inoue T, Hagiwara R. Generation of Elemental Fluorine through the Electrolysis of Copper Difluoride at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Keita Shima
- Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Takuya Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Rika Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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3
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Matsumoto K, Shima K, Sugimoto T, Inoue T, Hagiwara R. Generation of Elemental Fluorine through the Electrolysis of Copper Difluoride at Room Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7887-7892. [PMID: 33428321 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The safe generation of F2 gas at room temperature by using simple cell configurations has been the "holy grail" of fluorine research for centuries. Thus, to address this issue, we report generation of F2 gas through the electrolysis of CuF2 in a CsF-2.45HF molten salt without the evolution of H2 gas. The CuF2 is selected through a series of thermodynamic and kinetic assessments of possible metal fluorides. Anode assessments on graphite and glass-like carbon demonstrate the effect of the absence of the anode during generation of F2 gas owing to stabilized operations at room temperature. Although the Ni anode dissolves during electrolysis in the conventional medium-temperature cell, herein, it facilitates stable electrolysis over 100 h, achieving an F2 gas purity of over 99 % with the potential to operate using one-compartment electrolysis. This work presents a safe and propitious method for the generation of high-purity F2 gas for small-scale lab and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Keita Shima
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuya Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Rika Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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4
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Ryskin AI, Fedorov PP, Lushchik A, Generalov ME, Angervaks AE, Stolyarchuk MV, Vasil’chenko E, Kudryavtseva I. Absorption spectrum of dark purple fluorite, Kent deposit, Kazakhstan. J Fluor Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nissen JH, Drews T, Schröder B, Beckers H, Steinhauer S, Riedel S. Perfluoro Alkyl Hypofluorites and Peroxides Revisited. Chemistry 2019; 25:14721-14727. [PMID: 31518021 PMCID: PMC6899984 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A more convenient synthesis of the perfluoro alkyl hypofluorite (F3 C)3 COF as well as the hitherto unknown (C2 F5 )(F3 C)2 COF compound is reported. Both hypofluorites can be prepared by use of the corresponding tertiary alcohols RF OH and elemental fluorine in the presence of CsF. An appropriate access to these highly reactive hypofluorites is crucial. The hypofluorites are then transferred into their corresponding perfluoro bisalkyl peroxides RF OORF [RF =(F3 C)3 C, (C2 F5 )(F3 C)2 C] by treatment with partially fluorinated silver wool. NMR, gas-phase infrared, and solid-state Raman spectra of the perfluoro bisalkyl peroxides are presented and their chemical properties are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan H. Nissen
- Fachbereich für Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Drews
- Fachbereich für Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Benjamin Schröder
- Fachbereich für Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Fachbereich für Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Simon Steinhauer
- Fachbereich für Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Fachbereich für Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34/3614195BerlinGermany
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6
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Ponikvar-Svet M, Liebman JF. Structural Chemistry, the journal, the discipline, bridge building, and our personal and professional practice. Struct Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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