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Wegermann CA, Pirota V, Monzani E, Casella L, Costa LAS, Novato WTG, Machini MT, da Costa Ferreira AM. Interaction studies of oxindole-derivatives with β-amyloid peptides inhibiting its aggregation induced by metal ions. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 245:112227. [PMID: 37156056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Some hydrazones and Schiff bases derived from isatin, an endogenous oxindole formed in the metabolism of tryptophan, were obtained to investigate their effects on in vitro aggregation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ), macromolecules implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Some hydrazone ligands, prepared by condensation reactions of isatin with hydrazine derivatives, showed a large affinity binding to the synthetic peptides Aβ, particularly to Aβ1-16. Measurements by NMR spectroscopy indicated that those interactions occur mainly at the metal binding site of the peptide, involving His6, His13, and His14 residues, and that hydrazone E-diastereoisomer interacts preferentially with the amyloid peptides. Experimental results were consistent with simulations using a docking approach, where it is demonstrated that the amino acid residues Glu3, His6, His13, and His14 are those that mostly interact with the ligands. Further, these oxindole-derived ligands can efficiently chelate copper(II) and zinc(II) ions, forming moderate stable [ML] 1:1 species. The corresponding formation constants were determined by UV/Vis spectroscopy, by titrations of the ligands with increasing amounts of metal salts, and the obtained log K values were in the range 2.74 to 5.11. Both properties, good affinity for amyloid peptides, and reasonably good capacity of chelating biometal ions, like copper and zinc, can explain the efficient inhibition of Aβ fragments aggregation, as shown by experiments carried out with the oxindole derivatives in the presence of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Anchau Wegermann
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Valentina Pirota
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Luiz Antônio Sodré Costa
- NEQC - Núcleo de Estudos em Química Computacional, Departamento de Química, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
| | - Willian Tássio Gomes Novato
- NQTCM, Núcleo de Química Teórica e Computacional de Macaé, Instituto Multidisciplinar de Química, CM UFRJ Macaé, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - M Teresa Machini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria da Costa Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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2
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De Caro S, De Soricellis G, Dell'Acqua S, Monzani E, Nicolis S. Biological Oxidations and Nitrations Promoted by the Hemin-Aβ 16 Complex. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1319. [PMID: 37507859 PMCID: PMC10376006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Both β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides and oxidative stress conditions play key roles in Alzheimer's disease. Hemin contributes to the development of the disease as it possesses redox properties and its level increases in pathological conditions or traumatic brain injuries. The aim of this work was to deepen the investigation of the reactivity of the hemin-Aβ16 complex, considering its ability to catalyze oxidation and nitration reactions. We performed kinetic studies in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite with phenolic and catechol substrates, as well as mass spectrometry studies to investigate the modifications occurring on the peptide itself. The kinetic constants were similar for oxidation and nitration reactions, and their values suggest that the hemin-Aβ16 complex binds negatively charged substrates with higher affinity. Mass spectrometry studies showed that tyrosine residue is the endogenous target of nitration. Hemin degradation analysis showed that hemin bleaching is only partly prevented by the coordinated peptide. In conclusion, hemin has rich reactivity, both in oxidation and nitration reactions on aromatic substrates, that could contribute to redox equilibrium in neurons. This reactivity is modulated by the coordination of the Aβ16 peptide and is only partly quenched when oxidative and nitrative conditions lead to hemin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia De Caro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IUSS School for Advanced Studies of Pavia, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia De Soricellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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3
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Schifano F, Dell'Acqua S, Nicolis S, Casella L, Monzani E. Interaction and Redox Chemistry between Iron, Dopamine, and Alpha-Synuclein C-Terminal Peptides. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040791. [PMID: 37107166 PMCID: PMC10135331 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αS), dopamine (DA), and iron have a crucial role in the etiology of Parkinson's disease. The present study aims to investigate the interplay between these factors by analyzing the DA/iron interaction and how it is affected by the presence of the C-terminal fragment of αS (Ac-αS119-132) that represents the iron-binding domain. At high DA:Fe molar ratios, the formation of the [FeIII(DA)2]- complex prevents the interaction with αS peptides, whereas, at lower DA:Fe molar ratios, the peptide is able to compete with one of the two coordinated DA molecules. This interaction is also confirmed by HPLC-MS analysis of the post-translational modifications of the peptide, where oxidized αS is observed through an inner-sphere mechanism. Moreover, the presence of phosphate groups in Ser129 (Ac-αSpS119-132) and both Ser129 and Tyr125 (Ac-αSpYpS119-132) increases the affinity for iron(III) and decreases the DA oxidation rate, suggesting that this post-translational modification may assume a crucial role for the αS aggregation process. Finally, αS interaction with cellular membranes is another key aspect for αS physiology. Our data show that the presence of a membrane-like environment induced an enhanced peptide effect over both the DA oxidation and the [FeIII(DA)2]- complex formation and decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Schifano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IUSS School for Advanced Studies of Pavia, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria 15, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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4
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Oxidative Damages on the Alzheimer's Related-Aβ Peptide Alters Its Ability to Assemble. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020472. [PMID: 36830030 PMCID: PMC9951946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress that can lead to oxidation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is considered a key feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD), influencing the ability of Aβ to assemble into β-sheet rich fibrils that are commonly found in senile plaques of AD patients. The present study aims at investigating the fallouts of Aβ oxidation on the assembly properties of the Aβ peptide. To accomplish this, we performed kinetics and analysis on an oxidized Aβ (oxAβ) peptide, resulting from the attack of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are formed by the biologically relevant Cu/Aβ/dioxygen/ascorbate system. oxAβ was still able to assemble but displayed ill-defined and small oligomeric assemblies compared to the long and thick β-sheet rich fibrils from the non-oxidized counterpart. In addition, oxAβ does affect the assembly of the parent Aβ peptide. In a mixture of the two peptides, oxAβ has a mainly kinetic effect on the assembly of the Aβ peptide and was able to slow down the formation of Aβ fibril in a wide pH range [6.0-7.4]. However, oxAβ does not change the quantity and morphology of the Aβ fibrils formed to a significant extent. In the presence of copper or zinc di-cations, oxAβ assembled into weakly-structured aggregates rather than short, untangled Cu-Aβ fibrils and long untangled Zn-Aβ fibrils. The delaying effect of oxAβ on metal altered Aβ assembly was also observed. Hence, our results obtained here bring new insights regarding the tight interconnection between (i) ROS production leading to Aβ oxidation and (ii) Aβ assembly, in particular via the modulation of the Aβ assembly by oxAβ. It is the first time that co-assembly of oxAβ and Aβ under various environmental conditions (pH, metal ions …) are reported.
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5
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Copper Binding and Redox Activity of α-Synuclein in Membrane-Like Environment. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020287. [PMID: 36830656 PMCID: PMC9953312 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (αSyn) constitutes the main protein component of Lewy bodies, which are the pathologic hallmark in Parkinson's disease. αSyn is unstructured in solution but the interaction of αSyn with lipid membrane modulates its conformation by inducing an α-helical structure of the N-terminal region. In addition, the interaction with metal ions can trigger αSyn conformation upon binding and/or through the metal-promoted generation of reactive oxygen species which lead to a cascade of structural alterations. For these reasons, the ternary interaction between αSyn, copper, and membranes needs to be elucidated in detail. Here, we investigated the structural properties of copper-αSyn binding through NMR, EPR, and XAS analyses, with particular emphasis on copper(I) coordination since the reduced state is particularly relevant for oxygen activation chemistry. The analysis was performed in different membrane model systems, such as micellar sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and unilamellar vesicles, comparing the binding of full-length αSyn and N-terminal peptide fragments. The presence of membrane-like environments induced the formation of a copper:αSyn = 1:2 complex where Cu+ was bound to the Met1 and Met5 residues of two helical peptide chains. In this coordination, Cu+ is stabilized and is unreactive in the presence of O2 in catechol substrate oxidation.
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Bacchella C, Dell'Acqua S, Nicolis S, Monzani E, Casella L. The reactivity of copper complexes with neuronal peptides promoted by catecholamines and its impact on neurodegeneration. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Bacchella C, Gentili S, Mozzi SI, Monzani E, Casella L, Tegoni M, Dell’Acqua S. Role of the Cysteine in R3 Tau Peptide in Copper Binding and Reactivity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810726. [PMID: 36142637 PMCID: PMC9503722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a widespread neuroprotein that regulates the cytoskeleton assembly. In some neurological disorders, known as tauopathies, tau is dissociated from the microtubule and forms insoluble neurofibrillary tangles. Tau comprises four pseudorepeats (R1-R4), containing one (R1, R2, R4) or two (R3) histidines, that potentially act as metal binding sites. Moreover, Cys291 and Cys322 in R2 and R3, respectively, might have an important role in protein aggregation, through possible disulfide bond formation, and/or affecting the binding and reactivity of redox-active metal ions, as copper. We, therefore, compare the interaction of copper with octadeca-R3-peptide (R3C) and with the mutant containing an alanine residue (R3A) to assess the role of thiol group. Spectrophotometric titrations allow to calculate the formation constant of the copper(I) complexes, showing a remarkable stronger interaction in the case of R3C (l log Kf = 13.4 and 10.5 for copper(I)-R3C and copper(I)-R3A, respectively). We also evaluate the oxidative reactivity associated to these copper complexes in the presence of dopamine and ascorbate. Both R3A and R3C peptides increase the capability of copper to oxidize catechols, but copper-R3C displays a peculiar mechanism due to the presence of cysteine. HPLC-MS analysis shows that cysteine can form disulfide bonds and dopamine-Cys covalent adducts, with potential implication in tau aggregation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Gentili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Sara Ida Mozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Tegoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Dell’Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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8
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Oxidase Reactivity of Cu II Bound to N-Truncated Aβ Peptides Promoted by Dopamine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105190. [PMID: 34068879 PMCID: PMC8155989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The redox chemistry of copper(II) is strongly modulated by the coordination to amyloid-β peptides and by the stability of the resulting complexes. Amino-terminal copper and nickel binding motifs (ATCUN) identified in truncated Aβ sequences starting with Phe4 show very high affinity for copper(II) ions. Herein, we study the oxidase activity of [Cu–Aβ4−x] and [Cu–Aβ1−x] complexes toward dopamine and other catechols. The results show that the CuII–ATCUN site is not redox-inert; the reduction of the metal is induced by coordination of catechol to the metal and occurs through an inner sphere reaction. The generation of a ternary [CuII–Aβ–catechol] species determines the efficiency of the oxidation, although the reaction rate is ruled by reoxidation of the CuI complex. In addition to the N-terminal coordination site, the two vicinal histidines, His13 and His14, provide a second Cu-binding motif. Catechol oxidation studies together with structural insight from the mixed dinuclear complexes Ni/Cu–Aβ4−x reveal that the His-tandem is able to bind CuII ions independently of the ATCUN site, but the N-terminal metal complexation reduces the conformational mobility of the peptide chain, preventing the binding and oxidative reactivity toward catechol of CuII bound to the secondary site.
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Bacchella C, Dell'Acqua S, Nicolis S, Monzani E, Casella L. A Cu-bis(imidazole) Substrate Intermediate Is the Catalytically Competent Center for Catechol Oxidase Activity of Copper Amyloid-β. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:606-613. [PMID: 33405903 PMCID: PMC8023651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Interaction
of copper ions with Aβ peptides alters the redox
activity of the metal ion and can be associated with neurodegeneration.
Many studies deal with the characterization of the copper binding
mode responsible for the reactivity. Oxidation experiments of dopamine
and related catechols by copper(II) complexes with the N-terminal
amyloid-β peptides Aβ16 and Aβ9, and the Aβ16[H6A] and Aβ16[H13A]
mutant forms, both in their free amine and N-acetylated forms show
that efficient reactivity requires the oxygenation of a CuI-bis(imidazole) complex with a bound substrate. Therefore, the active
intermediate for catechol oxidation differs from the proposed “in-between
state” for the catalytic oxidation of ascorbate. During the
catechol oxidation process, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion
are formed but give only a minor contribution to the reaction. The redox cycling of copper bound to
amyloid-β peptide
requires the generation of a Cu(I)-Aβ-catecholate complex. When
copper(II) is confined in the N-terminal portion, its reduction is
slow and causes a shift toward a bis-His coordination environment.
The addition of catechol to the Cu(I)-bis(imidazole) complex results
in a faster reaction with dioxygen. The reactive species for catechol
oxidation does not correspond to the proposed “in-between state”
for ascorbate oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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10
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Bacchella C, Brewster JT, Bähring S, Dell’Acqua S, Root HD, Thiabaud GD, Reuther JF, Monzani E, Sessler JL, Casella L. Condition-Dependent Coordination and Peroxidase Activity of Hemin-Aβ Complexes. Molecules 2020; 25:E5044. [PMID: 33143109 PMCID: PMC7662341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxidase activity of hemin-peptide complexes remains a potential factor in oxidative damage relevant to neurodegeneration. Here, we present the effect of temperature, ionic strength, and pH relevant to pathophysiological conditions on the dynamic equilibrium between high-spin and low-spin hemin-Aβ40 constructs. This influence on peroxidase activity was also demonstrated using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and dopamine (DA) oxidation rate analyses with increasing ratios of Aβ16 and Aβ40 (up to 100 equivalents). Interaction and reactivity studies of aggregated Aβ40-hemin revealed enhanced peroxidase activity versus hemin alone. Comparison of the results obtained using Aβ16 and Aβ40 amyloid beta peptides revealed marked differences and provide insight into the potential effects of hemin-Aβ on neurological disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - James T. Brewster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - Steffen Bähring
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Simone Dell’Acqua
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Harrison D. Root
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - Gregory D. Thiabaud
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - James F. Reuther
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th, Street-Stop A5300, Austin, TX 78712-1224, USA; (J.T.B.II); (H.D.R.); (G.D.T.); (J.F.R.)
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (S.D.); (E.M.)
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11
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Bacchella C, Nicolis S, Dell'Acqua S, Rizzarelli E, Monzani E, Casella L. Membrane Binding Strongly Affecting the Dopamine Reactivity Induced by Copper Prion and Copper/Amyloid-β (Aβ) Peptides. A Ternary Copper/Aβ/Prion Peptide Complex Stabilized and Solubilized in Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Micelles. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:900-912. [PMID: 31869218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination between dyshomeostatic levels of catecholamine neurotransmitters and redox-active metals such as copper and iron exacerbates the oxidative stress condition that typically affects neurodegenerative diseases. We report a comparative study of the oxidative reactivity of copper complexes with amyloid-β (Aβ40) and the prion peptide fragment 76-114 (PrP76-114), containing the high-affinity binding site, toward dopamine and 4-methylcatechol, in aqueous buffer and in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles, as a model membrane environment. The competitive oxidative and covalent modifications undergone by the peptides were also evaluated. The high binding affinity of Cu/peptide to micelles and lipid membranes leads to a strong reduction (Aβ40) and quenching (PrP76-114) of the oxidative efficiency of the binary complexes and to a stabilization and redox silencing of the ternary complex CuII/Aβ40/PrP76-114, which is highly reactive in solution. The results improve our understanding of the pathological and protective effects associated with these complexes, depending on the physiological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini , Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via P. Gaifami 18 , 95125 Catania , Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
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12
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Bacchella C, Gentili S, Bellotti D, Quartieri E, Draghi S, Baratto MC, Remelli M, Valensin D, Monzani E, Nicolis S, Casella L, Tegoni M, Dell'Acqua S. Binding and Reactivity of Copper to R 1 and R 3 Fragments of tau Protein. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:274-286. [PMID: 31820933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tau protein is present in significant amounts in neurons, where it contributes to the stabilization of microtubules. Insoluble neurofibrillary tangles of tau are associated with several neurological disorders known as tauopathies, among which is Alzheimer's disease. In neurons, tau binds tubulin through its microtubule binding domain which comprises four imperfect repeats (R1-R4). The histidine residues contained in these fragments are potential binding sites for metal ions and are located close to the regions that drive the formation of amyloid aggregates of tau. In this study, we present a detailed characterization through potentiometric and spectroscopic methods of the binding of copper in both oxidation states to R1 and R3 peptides, which contain one and two histidine residues, respectively. We also evaluate how the redox cycling of copper bound to tau peptides can mediate oxidation that can potentially target exogenous substrates such as neuronal catecholamines. The resulting quinone oxidation products undergo oligomerization and can competitively give post-translational peptide modifications yielding catechol adducts at amino acid residues. The presence of His-His tandem in the R3 peptide strongly influences both the binding of copper and the reactivity of the resulting copper complex. In particular, the presence of the two adjacent histidines makes the copper(I) binding to R3 much stronger than in R1. The copper-R3 complex is also much more active than the copper-R1 complex in promoting oxidative reactions, indicating that the two neighboring histidines activate copper as a catalyst in molecular oxygen activation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Silvia Gentili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Denise Bellotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Ferrara , Via Luigi Borsari 46 , 44121 Ferrara , Italy
| | - Eleonora Quartieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Sara Draghi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia , Università di Siena , Via A. Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
| | - Maria Camilla Baratto
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia , Università di Siena , Via A. Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
| | - Maurizio Remelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Ferrara , Via Luigi Borsari 46 , 44121 Ferrara , Italy
| | - Daniela Valensin
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia , Università di Siena , Via A. Moro 2 , 53100 , Siena , Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Matteo Tegoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A , 43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Simone Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12 , 27100 Pavia , Italy
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13
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Vázquez G, Caballero AB, Kokinda J, Hijano A, Sabaté R, Gamez P. Copper, dityrosine cross-links and amyloid-β aggregation. J Biol Inorg Chem 2019; 24:1217-1229. [PMID: 31667594 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-019-01734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Copper is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) where it appears to affect the aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and to catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress apparently produces Aβ dimers that are covalently linked through two tyrosine residues. Such dityrosine cross-links are considered as potential markers of the disease and seem to be implicated in the pathological disorder. In the present study, pure o,o'-dityrosine (diY) was prepared enzymatically (with horseradish peroxidase; HRP), which was subsequently used to construct calibration lines aimed at quantifying nanomolar amounts of diY in reaction mixtures by fluorescence spectroscopy. Hence, diY concentrations down to 67 nM could be determined, which allowed to find that ca. 3% of dityrosine-bridged dimers of Aβ(1-40) were produced after 3 days at 37 °C in the presence of copper and dihydrogen peroxide. These cross-linked dimers in the presence of copper(II) ions completely inhibit the typical aggregation of Aβ, since β sheets could not be detected applying the usual Thioflavin T (ThT) method. Furthermore, the use of a potent Cu(II) chelator, such as the ATCUN tripeptide, L-histidyl-L-alanyl-L-histidine (HAH), efficiently prevented the copper-mediated generation of ROS and the associated dityrosine-bridged Aβ dimers, suggesting that such metal chelators may find future applications in the field of anti-AD drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Vázquez
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana B Caballero
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jakub Kokinda
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Hijano
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raimon Sabaté
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Patrick Gamez
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Capucciati A, Galliano M, Bubacco L, Zecca L, Casella L, Monzani E, Nicolis S. Neuronal Proteins as Targets of 3-Hydroxykynurenine: Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3731-3739. [PMID: 31298828 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxic activity of the tryptophan metabolite 3-hydroxykynurenine (3OHKyn) in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, is related to oxidative stress and 3OHKyn interaction with cellular proteins. The pattern of protein modification induced by 3OHKyn involves the nucleophilic side chains of Cys, His, and Lys residues, similarly to the one promoted by dopamine and other catecholamines. In the present work, we have analyzed the reactivity of 3OHKyn toward the neuronal targets α-synuclein (and its N-terminal fragments 1-6 and 1-15) and amyloid-β peptides (1-16 and 1-28) and characterized the resulting conjugates through spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) and spectroscopic (UV-vis, fluorescence, NMR) techniques. The amino acid residues of α-synuclein and amyloid-β peptides involved in derivatizations by 3OHKyn and its autoxidation products (belonging to the xanthommatin family) are Lys and His, respectively. The pattern of protein modification is expanded in the conjugates obtained in the presence of the metal ions copper(II) or iron(III), reflecting a more oxidizing environment that in addition to adducts with protein/peptide residues also favors the fragmentation of the protein. These results open the perspective to using the 3OHKyn-protein/peptide synthetic conjugates to explore their competence to activate microglia cell cultures as well as to unravel their role in neuroinflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Galliano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, 20090 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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15
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Monzani E, Nicolis S, Dell'Acqua S, Capucciati A, Bacchella C, Zucca FA, Mosharov EV, Sulzer D, Zecca L, Casella L. Dopamin, oxidativer Stress und Protein‐Chinonmodifikationen bei Parkinson und anderen neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Monzani
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pavia 27100 Pavia Italien
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabio A. Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research Council of Italy Segrate (Mailand) Italien
| | - Eugene V. Mosharov
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
- Departments Neurology, PharmacologyColumbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
- Departments Neurology, PharmacologyColumbia University Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research Council of Italy Segrate (Mailand) Italien
- Department of PsychiatryColumbia University Medical CenterNew York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pavia 27100 Pavia Italien
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16
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Monzani E, Nicolis S, Dell'Acqua S, Capucciati A, Bacchella C, Zucca FA, Mosharov EV, Sulzer D, Zecca L, Casella L. Dopamine, Oxidative Stress and Protein-Quinone Modifications in Parkinson's and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6512-6527. [PMID: 30536578 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is the most important catecholamine in the brain, as it is the most abundant and the precursor of other neurotransmitters. Degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta in Parkinson's disease represents the best-studied link between DA neurotransmission and neuropathology. Catecholamines are reactive molecules that are handled through complex control and transport systems. Under normal conditions, small amounts of cytosolic DA are converted to neuromelanin in a stepwise process involving melanization of peptides and proteins. However, excessive cytosolic or extraneuronal DA can give rise to nonselective protein modifications. These reactions involve DA oxidation to quinone species and depend on the presence of redox-active transition metal ions such as iron and copper. Other oxidized DA metabolites likely participate in post-translational protein modification. Thus, protein-quinone modification is a heterogeneous process involving multiple DA-derived residues that produce structural and conformational changes of proteins and can lead to aggregation and inactivation of the modified proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Monzani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Chiara Bacchella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio A Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate (Milano), Italy
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi Zecca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate (Milano), Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luigi Casella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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17
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Nam E, Derrick JS, Lee S, Kang J, Han J, Lee SJC, Chung SW, Lim MH. Regulatory Activities of Dopamine and Its Derivatives toward Metal-Free and Metal-Induced Amyloid-β Aggregation, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:2655-2666. [PMID: 29782798 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A catecholamine neurotransmitter, dopamine (DA), is suggested to be linked to the pathology of dementia; however, the involvement of DA and its structural analogues in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, composed of multiple pathogenic factors has not been clear. Herein, we report that DA and its rationally designed structural derivatives (1-6) based on DA's oxidative transformation are able to modulate multiple pathological elements found in AD [i.e., metal ions, metal-free amyloid-β (Aβ), metal-bound Aβ (metal-Aβ), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)], with demonstration of detailed molecular-level mechanisms. Our multidisciplinary studies validate that the protective effects of DA and its derivatives on Aβ aggregation and Aβ-mediated toxicity are induced by their oxidative transformation with concomitant ROS generation under aerobic conditions. In particular, DA and the derivatives (i.e., 3 and 4) show their noticeable anti-amyloidogenic ability toward metal-free Aβ and/or metal-Aβ, verified to occur via their oxidative transformation that facilitates Aβ oxidation. Moreover, in primary pan-microglial marker (CD11b)-positive cells, the major producers of inflammatory mediators in the brain, DA and its derivatives significantly diminish inflammation and oxidative stress triggered by lipopolysaccharides and Aβ through the reduced induction of inflammatory mediators as well as upregulated expression of heme oxygenase-1, the enzyme responsible for production of antioxidants. Collectively, we illuminate how DA and its derivatives could prevent multiple pathological features found in AD. The overall studies could advance our understanding regarding distinct roles of neurotransmitters in AD and identify key interactions for alleviation of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey S. Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Jung C. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Wol Chung
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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18
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Dell'Acqua S, Bacchella C, Monzani E, Nicolis S, Di Natale G, Rizzarelli E, Casella L. Prion Peptides Are Extremely Sensitive to Copper Induced Oxidative Stress. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11317-11325. [PMID: 28846410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Copper(II) binding to prion peptides does not prevent Cu redox cycling and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of reducing agents. The toxic effects of these species are exacerbated in the presence of catecholamines, indicating that dysfunction of catecholamine vesicular sequestration or recovery after synaptic release is a dangerous amplifier of Cu induced oxidative stress. Cu bound to prion peptides including the high affinity site involving histidines adjacent to the octarepeats exhibits marked catalytic activity toward dopamine and 4-methylcatechol. The resulting quinone oxidation products undergo parallel oligomerization and endogenous peptide modification yielding catechol adducts at the histidine binding ligands. These modifications add to the more common oxidation of Met and His residues produced by ROS. Derivatization of Cu-prion peptides is much faster than that undergone by Cu-β-amyloid and Cu-α-synuclein complexes in the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Bacchella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Monzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Nicolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Natale
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, Italy
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Via P. Gaifami 18, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Pavia , Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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