1
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Brehm PC, Schnakenburg G, Streubel R. Facile synthesis of five-membered cyclic RE 2P-H iron(0) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:13201-13206. [PMID: 39049615 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01313a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of five-membered P-heterocyclic iron(0) complexes possessing a P-H unit and two heteroatoms (E = O, N), directly bound to phosphorus, is described. Initial problems to achieve access via "classical" reduction of P-Cl bonds of P-heterocycle complexes, e.g., leading to P-P coupling, could be solved by a "combined two-step" reduction/complexation. The use of K[Fe(CO)4H] not only opened access to such heterocyclic phosphane Fe(CO)4 complexes but also allowed the synthesis of sterically non-shielded 'secondary' heterocyclic phosphane complexes. Spectroscopic and structural parameters are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp C Brehm
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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2
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Zafar M, Subramaniyan V, Tibika F, Tulchinsky Y. Cationic ligands - from monodentate to pincer systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38920056 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01489h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
For a long time, the small group of cationic ligands stood out as obscure systems within the general landscape of coordinative chemistry. However, this situation has started to change rapidly during the last decade, with more and more examples of metal-coordinated cationic species being reported. The growing interest in these systems is not only of purely academic nature, but also driven by accumulating evidence of their high catalytic utility. Overcoming the inherently poor coordinating ability of cationic species often required additional structural stabilization. In numerous cases this was realized by functionalizing them with a pair of chelating side-arms, effectively constructing a pincer-type scaffold. This comprehensive review aims to encompass all cationic ligands possessing such pincer architecture reported to date. Herein every cationic species that has ever been embedded in a pincer framework is described in terms of its electronic structure, followed by an in-depth discussion of its donor/acceptor properties, based on computational studies (DFT) and available experimental data (IR, NMR or CV). We then elaborate on how the positive charge of these ligands affects the spectroscopic and redox properties, as well as the reactivity, of their complexes, compared to those of the structurally related neutral ligands. Among other systems discussed, this review also surveys our own contribution to this field, namely, the introduction of sulfonium-based pincer ligands and their complexes, recently reported by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zafar
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
| | | | - Françoise Tibika
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
| | - Yuri Tulchinsky
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
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3
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Birchall N, Hennhöfer F, Nieger M, Gudat D. Chromium Complexes with Benzanellated N-Heterocyclic Phosphenium Ligands-Synthesis, Reactivity and Application in Catalytic CO 2 Reduction. Chemistry 2024:e202401714. [PMID: 38860887 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
A chromium complex carrying two benzanellated N-heterocyclic phosphenium (bzNHP) ligands was prepared by a salt metathesis approach. Spectroscopic studies suggest that the anellation enhances the π-acceptor ability of the NHP-units, which is confirmed by the facile electrochemical reduction of the complex to a spectroscopically characterized radical anion. Co-photolysis with H2 allowed extensive conversion into a σ-H2-complex, which shows a diverse reactivity towards donors and isomerizes under H-H bond fission and shift of a hydride to a P-ligand. The product carrying phosphenium, phosphine and hydride ligands was also synthesized independently and reacts reversibly with CO and MeCN to yield bis-phosphine complexes under concomitant Cr-to-P-shift of a hydride. In contrast, CO2 was not only bound but reduced to give an isolable formato complex, which reacted with ammonia borane under partial recovery of the metal hydride and production of formate. Further elaboration of the reactions of the chromium complexes with CO2 and NH3BH3 allowed to demonstrate the feasibility of a Cr-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol. The various complexes described were characterized spectroscopically and in several cases by XRD studies. Further insights in reactivity patterns were provided through (spectro)electrochemical studies and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Birchall
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Fridolin Hennhöfer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O Box 55, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
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4
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Belli RG, Muir V, Dyck NB, Pantazis DA, Sousa TPA, Slusar CR, Parkin HC, Rosenberg L. Exploring Electrophilic Hydrophosphination via Metal Phosphenium Intermediates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302924. [PMID: 38242847 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Two Mo(0) phosphenium complexes containing ancillary secondary phosphine ligands have been investigated with respect to their ability to participate in electrophilic addition at unsaturated substrates and subsequent P-H hydride transfer to "quench" the resulting carbocations. These studies provide stoichiometric "proof of concept" for a proposed new metal-catalyzed electrophilic hydrophosphination mechanism. The more strongly Lewis acidic phosphenium complex, [Mo(CO)4(PR2H)(PR2)]+ (R=Ph, Tolp), cleanly hydrophosphinates 1,1-diphenylethylene, benzophenone, and ethylene, while other substrates react rapidly to give products resulting from competing electrophilic processes. A less Lewis acidic complex, [Mo(CO)3(PR2H)2(PR2)]+, generally reacts more slowly but participates in clean hydrophosphination of a wider range of unsaturated substrates, including styrene, indene, 1-hexene, and cyclohexanone, in addition to 1,1-diphenylethylene, benzophenone, and ethylene. Mechanistic studies are described, including stoichiometric control reactions and computational and kinetic analyses, which probe whether the observed P-H addition actually does occur by the proposed electrophilic mechanism, and whether hydridic P-H transfer in this system is intra- or intermolecular. Preliminary reactivity studies indicate challenges that must be addressed to exploit these promising results in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman G Belli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Vanessa Muir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Nicholas B Dyck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Tânia P A Sousa
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Carly R Slusar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Hayley C Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
| | - Lisa Rosenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, V8W 2Y2
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5
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Franz R, Gál D, Bruhn C, Kelemen Z, Pietschnig R. Gradual Coordination and Reversible P-P Bond Activation of a P 3 -Unit with Transition Metal Carbonyls. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306805. [PMID: 38161225 PMCID: PMC10953586 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Coordination of a stereochemically defined P3 -chain to a series of transition metal carbonyls [M(CO)x ]z- (M = Mn (x = 5, z = 1), Fe (x = 4, z = 2) or Co (x = 4, z = 1)) is explored using a [3]ferrocenophane scaffold. A gradual transition from η1 -, η2 - to η3 -coordination is observed where in the η2 -mode the terminal positions of the phosphorus chain are bridged. With an excess of cobalt carbonyl successive P-P bond activation and gradual separation of the central phosphorus atoms from the phosphorus chain has been observed. This process is reversible and with suitable reagents such as methyl lithium, the P3 -unit is regenerated in stereospecific manner. The bonding situation and steps of the gradual P-P bond activation are investigated by DFT calculations as well as experimental methods (e.g., NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Franz
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaTUniversity of KasselHeinrich‐Plett‐Straße 4034132KasselGermany
| | - Dalma Gál
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem Rkp 3.Budapest1111Hungary
| | - Clemens Bruhn
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaTUniversity of KasselHeinrich‐Plett‐Straße 4034132KasselGermany
| | - Zsolt Kelemen
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsMűegyetem Rkp 3.Budapest1111Hungary
| | - Rudolf Pietschnig
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaTUniversity of KasselHeinrich‐Plett‐Straße 4034132KasselGermany
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6
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Gulyaeva ES, Osipova ES, Kovalenko SA, Filippov OA, Belkova NV, Vendier L, Canac Y, Shubina ES, Valyaev DA. Two active species from a single metal halide precursor: a case study of highly productive Mn-catalyzed dehydrogenation of amine-boranes via intermolecular bimetallic cooperation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1409-1417. [PMID: 38274083 PMCID: PMC10806649 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05356c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metal-metal cooperation for inert bond activation is a ubiquitous concept in coordination chemistry and catalysis. While the great majority of such transformations proceed via intramolecular mode in binuclear complexes, to date only a few examples of intermolecular small molecule activation using usually bimetallic frustrated Lewis pairs (Mδ+⋯M'δ-) have been reported. We introduce herein an alternative approach for the intermolecular bimetallic cooperativity observed in the catalytic dehydrogenation of amine-boranes, in which the concomitant activation of N-H and B-H bonds of the substrate via the synergetic action of Lewis acidic (M+) and basic hydride (M-H) metal species derived from the same mononuclear complex (M-Br). It was also demonstrated that this system generated in situ from the air-stable Mn(i) complex fac-[(CO)3(bis(NHC))MnBr] and NaBPh4 shows high activity for H2 production from several substrates (Me2NHBH3, tBuNH2BH3, MeNH2BH3, NH3BH3) at low catalyst loading (0.1% to 50 ppm), providing outstanding efficiency for Me2NHBH3 (TON up to 18 200) that is largely superior to all known 3d-, s-, p-, f-block metal derivatives and frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). These results represent a step forward towards more extensive use of intermolecular bimetallic cooperation concepts in modern homogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Gulyaeva
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS 205 Route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences 28/1 Vavilov Str., GSP-1, B-334 Moscow 119334 Russia
| | - Elena S Osipova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences 28/1 Vavilov Str., GSP-1, B-334 Moscow 119334 Russia
| | - Sergey A Kovalenko
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences 28/1 Vavilov Str., GSP-1, B-334 Moscow 119334 Russia
| | - Oleg A Filippov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences 28/1 Vavilov Str., GSP-1, B-334 Moscow 119334 Russia
| | - Natalia V Belkova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences 28/1 Vavilov Str., GSP-1, B-334 Moscow 119334 Russia
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS 205 Route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Yves Canac
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS 205 Route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds (INEOS), Russian Academy of Sciences 28/1 Vavilov Str., GSP-1, B-334 Moscow 119334 Russia
| | - Dmitry A Valyaev
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS 205 Route de Narbonne 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
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7
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Papendick M, Gudat D. Reversible Binding of Hydrogen and Styrene Coordination on a Manganese Phosphenium Complex. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302525. [PMID: 37650872 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of two complexes [(R NHP)Mn(CO)4 ] (R NHP=N-arylated N-heterocyclic phosphenium) with H2 at elevated pressure (≈4 bar) were studied by NMR spectroscopy. Irradiation with UV light initialized in one case (5 a, R=Dipp) the unselective formation of (R NHP-H)MnH(CO)4 ] (6 a) via cooperative addition of H2 across the Mn=P double bond. In the other case (5 b, R=Mes), addition of H2 was unobservable and the reaction proceeded via decarbonylation to a dimeric species [(R NHP)2 Mn2 (CO)7 ] (7 b) that was isolated and identified spectroscopically. Taking into account the outcome of further reaction studies under various conditions in the absence and presence of H2 , both transformations can be explained in the context of a common mechanism involving decarbonylation to 7 a,b as the first step, and the different outcome is attributable to the fact that 7 b is unreactive towards both H2 and CO while 7 a is not. DFT studies relate this divergence to deviations in the molecular constitution and stability arising from a different level of steric congestion. Preliminary studies suggest further that 5 a/H2 as well as 6 a enable the photo-induced hydrogenation of styrene to ethyl benzene, even if the mechanism and possibly catalytic nature of this process remain yet unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Papendick
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Oliemuller LK, Moore CE, Thomas CM. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of a (PPP) Pincer-Ligated Manganese Carbonyl Complex: Polarity Reversal Imparted by the Electrophilic Nature of a Planar Mn-P(NR 2) 2 Fragment. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13997-14009. [PMID: 37585359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The bonding interactions of a synthesized pincer-ligated manganese dicarbonyl complex featuring an N-heterocyclic phosphenium (NHP+) central moiety are explored. The pincer ligand [PPP]Cl was coordinated to a manganese center using Mn(CO)5Br and 254 nm light to afford the chlorophosphine complex (PPClP)Mn(CO)2Br (2) as a mixture of halide exchange products and stereoisomers. The target dicarbonyl species (PPP)Mn(CO)2 (3) was prepared by treatment of 2 with 2 equiv of the reductant KC8. Computational investigations and analysis of structural parameters were used to elucidate multiple bonding interactions between the Mn center and the PNHP atom in 3. The generation of a product of formal H2 addition, (PPHP)Mn(CO)2H (4), was achieved through the dehydrogenation of NH3BH3, affording a 2:1 mixture of 4syn:4anti stereoisomers. The nucleophilic nature of the Mn center and the electrophilic nature of the PNHP moiety were demonstrated through hydride addition and protonation of 3 to produce K(THF)2[(PPHP)Mn(CO)2] (6) and (PPClP)Mn(CO)2H (5), respectively. The observed reactivity suggests that 3 is best described as a Mn-I/NHP+ complex, in contrast to pincer-ligated dicarbonyl manganese analogues typically assigned as MnI species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah K Oliemuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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9
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Oliemuller LK, Moore CE, Thomas CM. Electronic and Structural Variations of a Nickel(0) N-Heterocyclic Phosphenium Complex in Comparison to Group 10 Analogues. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19440-19451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leah K. Oliemuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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10
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Drance MJ, Tanushi A, Radosevich AT. Two-Site O-H Addition to an Iridium Complex Featuring a Nonspectator Tricoordinate Phosphorus Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20243-20248. [PMID: 36301929 PMCID: PMC9662588 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and reactivity of an ambiphilic iridium complex IrCl(PPh3)(L1) (1; L1 = P(N(o-N(2-pyridyl)C6H4)2)) featuring a chelating nontrigonal phosphorus triamide ligand is reported. The tandem Lewis basic Ir and Lewis acidic P of 1 achieve a two-site oxidative addition of phenol giving the iridaphenoxyphosphorane species IrHCl(PPh3)(L1OPh) (3'). In contrast, reactions of 1 with benzenethiol and benzeneselenol do not engage L1 and instead proceed via metal-centered oxidative addition of the chalcogen-hydrogen bond. These findings establish metal-ligand cooperation involving nonspectator reactivity of tricoordinate phosphorus ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander T. Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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11
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Alvarez MA, Cuervo PM, García ME, Ruiz MA, Vega P. P–C, P–N, and M–N Bond Formation Processes in Reactions of Heterometallic Phosphinidene-Bridged MoMn and MoRe Complexes with Diazoalkanes and Organic Azides to Build Three- to Five-Membered Phosphametallacycles. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18486-18495. [PMID: 36350690 PMCID: PMC9682477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Reactions of the
heterometallic MoRe complex [MoReCp(μ-PR*)(CO)6]
and its MoMn analogue with some small molecules having N–N
multiple bonds, such as diazoalkanes and organic azides, were investigated
(R* = 2,4,6-C6H2tBu3). Reactions with excess ethyl diazoacetate proceeded
slowly and with concomitant denitrogenation to give complexes [MoMCp(μ-η2P,C:κ2P,O-PR*CHCO2Et)(CO)5], which display a bridging phosphaalkene
ligand in a novel μ-η2:κ2 coordination
mode, while reactions with other diazoalkanes resulted only in the
decomposition of the organic reagent. The MoRe complex reacted with
benzyl- or p-tolyl azide at room temperature to give
the green complexes [MoReCp(μ-η2P,N:κP,N′2-PR*N3R)(CO)6] [R = Bn, p-tol], which display bridging
phosphatriazadiene ligands in a novel 6-electron donor coordination
mode as a result of a formal [2 + 1] cycloaddition of the terminal
N atom of the azide to the Mo–P double bond of the parent complex,
followed by coordination of the distal NR nitrogen to the rhenium
center. Denitrogenation was only observed for the p-tolyl azide derivative, which upon heating at 333 K yielded [MoReCp{μ-κP:κN-PR*N(p-tol)}(CO)6], a molecule displaying a bridging phosphaimine ligand in
a rare κP:κN coordination mode.
Analogous reactions of the MoMn phosphinidene complex proceeded similarly
at 273 K to give the phosphatriazadiene-bridged derivatives [MoMnCp(μ-η2P,N:κ2P,N′-PR*N3R)(CO)6], but these were thermally unstable and
degraded at room temperature to give the mononuclear triazenylphosphanyl
complexes [Mn2(κP,N-PR*NHNNR)(CO)3] as major products, along with small amounts of the phosphaimine-bridged
complex [MoMnCp{μ-κP:κN-PR*N(p-tol)}(CO)6] in the case of the p-tolyl azide derivative. The structure of the new complexes was analyzed
in light of spectroscopic data and single-crystal diffraction studies
on selected examples of each type of complex. Reactions of [MoMCp(μ-PR)(CO)6] (M = Mn,
Re) with N2CHCO2Et involved denitrogenation
and decarbonylation to give derivatives with a phosphaalkene ligand
in a novel μ-κ2:η2 coordination
mode. However, reactions with organic azides involved [2 + 1] cycloaddition
of the terminal nitrogen to the Mo−P double bond of the parent
complex and coordination of the distal NR nitrogen without decarbonylation
to give phosphatriazadiene derivatives, which evolved differently
depending on R and M, to give either phosphaimine or triazenylphosphanyl
derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Angeles Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo M. Cuervo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - M. Esther García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Patricia Vega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
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12
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Hollingsworth WM, Hill EA. Exploring the potential role of heavy pnictogen elements in ligand design for new metal-ligand cooperative chemistry. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2124863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Hollingsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - E. A. Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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13
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Gordon BM, Lease N, Emge TJ, Hasanayn F, Goldman AS. Reactivity of Iridium Complexes of a Triphosphorus-Pincer Ligand Based on a Secondary Phosphine. Catalytic Alkane Dehydrogenation and the Origin of Extremely High Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4133-4146. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Nicholas Lease
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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14
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Maser L, Vogt M, Langer R. Cationic ligands between σ-donation and hydrogen-bridge-bond-stabilisation of ancillary ligands in coinage metal complexes with protonated carbodiphosphoranes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:17397-17404. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02338e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protonated carbodiphosphoranes are demonstrated to act as σ- or hydrogen-bridge-bond donors in a series of copper and silver complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Maser
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Vogt
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robert Langer
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
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15
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Abhyankar P, MacMillan SN, Lacy DC. Activation of H2 with Dinuclear Manganese(I)-Phosphido Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Preshit Abhyankar
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David C. Lacy
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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16
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Poitras AM, Oliemuller LK, Hatzis GP, Thomas CM. Highly Selective Hydroboration of Terminal Alkenes Catalyzed by a Cobalt Pincer Complex Featuring a Central Reactive N-Heterocyclic Phosphido Fragment. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Poitras
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Leah K. Oliemuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Gillian P. Hatzis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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17
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Belli RG, Pantazis DA, McDonald R, Rosenberg L. Reversible Silylium Transfer between P-H and Si-H Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:2379-2384. [PMID: 33031611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The Mo=PR2 π* orbital in a Mo phosphenium complex acts as acceptor in a new PIII -based Lewis superacid. This Lewis acid (LA) participates in electrophilic Si-H abstraction from E3 SiH to give a Mo-bound secondary phosphine ligand, Mo-PR2 H. The resulting Et3 Si+ ion remains associated with the Mo complex, stabilized by η1 -P-H donation, yet undergoes rapid exchange with an η1 -Si-H adduct of free silane in solution. The equilibrium between these two adducts presents an opportunity to assess the role of this new LA in catalytic reactions of silanes: is the LA acting as a catalyst or as an initiator? Preliminary results suggest that a cycle including the Mo-bound phosphine-silylium adduct dominates in the catalytic hydrosilylation of acetophenone, relative to a putative cycle involving the silane-silylium adduct or "free" silylium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman G Belli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lisa Rosenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada
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18
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Belli RG, Pantazis DA, McDonald R, Rosenberg L. Reversible Silylium Transfer between P‐H and Si‐H Donors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman G. Belli
- Department of Chemistry University of Victoria P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-ray Crystallography Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Lisa Rosenberg
- Department of Chemistry University of Victoria P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
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19
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Demirci UB. Mechanistic insights into the thermal decomposition of ammonia borane, a material studied for chemical hydrogen storage. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01366h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have now a better understanding of the mechanisms of thermal decomposition of ammonia borane, a widely studied hydrogen storage material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit B. Demirci
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- ENSCM
- CNRS
- Univ Montpellier
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20
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Birchall N, Feil CM, Gediga M, Nieger M, Gudat D. Reversible cooperative dihydrogen binding and transfer with a bis-phosphenium complex of chromium. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9571-9576. [PMID: 34094222 PMCID: PMC8161683 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03773g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The reversible reaction of H2 with a bis-phosphenium complex of chromium provides a rare example of 3d transition metal/phosphenium cooperativity. Photolysis induces the activation of H2 and yields a spectroscopically detectable phosphenium-stabilized (σ–H2)-complex, readily showing exchange with gaseous H2 and D2. Further reaction of this complex affords a phosphine-functionalized metal hydride, representing a unique example of reversible H2 cleavage across a 3d M
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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P bond. The same species is also accessible via stepwise H+/H− transfer to the bis-phosphenium complex, and releases H2 upon heating or irradiation. Dihydrogen transfer from the H2-complex to styrene is exploited to demonstrate the first example of promoting hydrogenation with a phosphenium complex. Photolysis of a phosphenium complex enables reversible activation of H2 to yield a dihydrogen complex which stimulates H2 cleavage or catalytic hydrogenation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Birchall
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Christoph M Feil
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael Gediga
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry P.O. Box 55 00014 University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Germany
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21
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Hatzis GP, Oliemuller LK, Dickie DA, Thomas CM. N‐Heterocyclic Phosphido Complexes of Rhodium Supported by a Rigid Pincer Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian P. Hatzis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University 100 W 18th Avenue Columbus 43210 Ohio OH USA
| | - Leah K. Oliemuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University 100 W 18th Avenue Columbus 43210 Ohio OH USA
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road, PO Box 400319 22904 Charlottesville VA USA
| | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University 100 W 18th Avenue Columbus 43210 Ohio OH USA
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22
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Cao Z, Ouyang L, Felderhoff M, Zhu M. Low temperature dehydrogenation properties of ammonia borane within carbon nanotube arrays: a synergistic effect of nanoconfinement and alane. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19027-19033. [PMID: 35518327 PMCID: PMC9053937 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02283g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ammonia borane (AB, NH3BH3) is considered as one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells due to its high theoretical hydrogen capacity under moderate temperatures. Unfortunately, its on-board application is hampered by the sluggish kinetics, volatile byproducts and harsh conditions for reversibility. In this work, AB and AlH3 were simultaneously infiltrated into a carbon nanotube array (CMK-5) to combine the synergistic effect of alane with nanoconfinement for improving the dehydrogenation properties of AB. Results showed that the transformation from AB to DADB started at room temperature, which promoted AB to release 9.4 wt% H2 within 10 min at a low temperature of 95 °C. Moreover, the entire suppression of all harmful byproducts was observed. Ammonia borane (AB, NH3BH3) is considered as one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells due to its high theoretical hydrogen capacity under moderate temperatures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 PR China .,Advanced Energy Storage Materials and Devices Laboratory, School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 PR China.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Liuzhang Ouyang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 PR China
| | - Michael Felderhoff
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 PR China
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23
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Shimbayashi T, Fujita KI. Metal-catalyzed hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions for efficient hydrogen storage. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.130946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Weller S, Schlindwein SH, Feil CM, Kelemen Z, Buzsáki D, Nyulászi L, Isenberg S, Pietschnig R, Nieger M, Gudat D. A Ferrocenophane-Based Diaminophosphenium Ion. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Weller
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon H. Schlindwein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christoph M. Feil
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zsolt Kelemen
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Buzsáki
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Nyulászi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefan Isenberg
- Institut für Chemie und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Rudolf Pietschnig
- Institut für Chemie und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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25
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Ried ACA, Taylor LJ, Geer AM, Williams HEL, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Kays DL. A Highly Active Bidentate Magnesium Catalyst for Amine-Borane Dehydrocoupling: Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies. Chemistry 2019; 25:6840-6846. [PMID: 30875128 PMCID: PMC6563444 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A magnesium complex (1) featuring a bidentate aminopyridinato ligand is a remarkably selective catalyst for the dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes. This reaction proceeds to completion with low catalyst loadings (1 mol %) under mild conditions (60 °C), exceeding previously reported s-block systems in terms of selectivity, rate, and turnover number (TON). Mechanistic studies by in situ NMR analysis reveals the reaction to be first order in both catalyst and substrate. A reaction mechanism is proposed to account for these findings, with the high TON of the catalyst attributed to the bidentate nature of the ligand, which allows for reversible deprotonation of the substrate and regeneration of 1 as a stable resting state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence J. Taylor
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Ana M. Geer
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
- Current address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia22904USA
| | - Huw E. L. Williams
- Centre for Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - William Lewis
- School of ChemistryThe University of Sydney, F11Eastern AveSydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Alexander J. Blake
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
| | - Deborah L. Kays
- School of ChemistryUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK
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26
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Feil CM, Hettich TD, Beyer K, Sondermann C, Schlindwein SH, Nieger M, Gudat D. Comparing the Ligand Behavior of N-Heterocyclic Phosphenium and Nitrosyl Units in Iron and Chromium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6517-6528. [PMID: 31017775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic phosphenium (NHP) and nitrosonium (NO+) ligands are often viewed as isolobal analogues that share the capability to switch between different charge states and thus display redox "noninnocent" behavior. We report here on mixed complexes [(NHP)M(CO) n(NO)] (M = Fe, Cr; n = 2, 3), which permit evaluating the donor/acceptor properties of both types of ligands and their interplay in a single complex. The crystalline target compounds were obtained from reactions of N-heterocyclic phosphenium triflates with PPN[Fe(CO)3(NO)] or PPN[Cr(CO)4(NO)], respectively, and fully characterized (PPN = nitride-bistriphenylphosphonium cation). The structural and spectroscopic (IR, UV-vis) data support the presence of carbene-analogue NHP ligands with an overall positive charge state and π-acceptor character. Even if the structural features of the M-NO unit were in all but one product blurred by crystallographic CO/NO disorder, spectroscopic studies and the structural data of the remaining compound suggest that the NO units exhibit nitroxide (NO-) character. This assignment was validated by computational studies, which reveal also that the electronic structure of iron NHP/NO complexes is closely akin to that of the Hieber anion, [Fe(CO)3(NO)]-. The electrophilic character of the NHP units is further reflected in the chemical behavior of the mixed complexes. Cyclic voltammetry and IR-SEC studies revealed that complex [(NHP)Fe(CO)2(NO)] (4) undergoes chemically reversible one-electron reduction. Computational studies indicate that the NHP unit in the resulting product carries significant radical character, and the reduction may thus be classified as predominantly ligand-centered. Reaction of 4 with sodium azide proceeded likewise under nucleophilic attack at phosphorus and decomplexation, while super hydride and methyl lithium reacted with all chromium and iron complexes via transfer of a hydride or methyl anion to the NHP unit to afford anionic phosphine complexes. Some of these species were isolated after cation exchange or trapped with electrophiles (H+, SnPh3+) to afford neutral complexes representing the products of a formal hydrogenation or hydrostannylation of the original M═P double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph M Feil
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , 70550 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Thomas D Hettich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , 70550 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , 70550 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Christina Sondermann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , 70550 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Simon H Schlindwein
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , 70550 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry , University of Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , 70550 Stuttgart , Germany
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27
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Vogiatzis KD, Polynski MV, Kirkland JK, Townsend J, Hashemi A, Liu C, Pidko EA. Computational Approach to Molecular Catalysis by 3d Transition Metals: Challenges and Opportunities. Chem Rev 2019; 119:2453-2523. [PMID: 30376310 PMCID: PMC6396130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Computational chemistry provides a versatile toolbox for studying mechanistic details of catalytic reactions and holds promise to deliver practical strategies to enable the rational in silico catalyst design. The versatile reactivity and nontrivial electronic structure effects, common for systems based on 3d transition metals, introduce additional complexity that may represent a particular challenge to the standard computational strategies. In this review, we discuss the challenges and capabilities of modern electronic structure methods for studying the reaction mechanisms promoted by 3d transition metal molecular catalysts. Particular focus will be placed on the ways of addressing the multiconfigurational problem in electronic structure calculations and the role of expert bias in the practical utilization of the available methods. The development of density functionals designed to address transition metals is also discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the methods that account for solvation effects and the multicomponent nature of practical catalytic systems. This is followed by an overview of recent computational studies addressing the mechanistic complexity of catalytic processes by molecular catalysts based on 3d metals. Cases that involve noninnocent ligands, multicomponent reaction systems, metal-ligand and metal-metal cooperativity, as well as modeling complex catalytic systems such as metal-organic frameworks are presented. Conventionally, computational studies on catalytic mechanisms are heavily dependent on the chemical intuition and expert input of the researcher. Recent developments in advanced automated methods for reaction path analysis hold promise for eliminating such human-bias from computational catalysis studies. A brief overview of these approaches is presented in the final section of the review. The paper is closed with general concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin K. Kirkland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jacob Townsend
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chong Liu
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- TheoMAT
group, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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28
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Poitras AM, Bezpalko MW, Foxman BM, Thomas CM. Cooperative activation of O–H and S–H bonds across the Co–P bond of an N-heterocyclic phosphido complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3074-3079. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05052j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A cobalt N-heterocyclic phosphido complex is shown to cleave element–hydrogen bonds via a metal–phosphorus ligand cooperative pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Poitras
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
| | | | | | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus
- USA
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29
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Maier TM, Sandl S, Shenderovich IG, Jacobi von Wangelin A, Weigand JJ, Wolf R. Amine-Borane Dehydrogenation and Transfer Hydrogenation Catalyzed by α-Diimine Cobaltates. Chemistry 2018; 25:238-245. [PMID: 30378191 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Anionic α-diimine cobalt complexes, such as [K(thf)1.5 {(Dipp BIAN)Co(η4 -cod)}] (1; Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl, cod=1,5-cyclooctadiene), catalyze the dehydrogenation of several amine-boranes. Based on the excellent catalytic properties, an especially effective transfer hydrogenation protocol for challenging olefins, imines, and N-heteroarenes was developed. NH3 BH3 was used as a dihydrogen surrogate, which transferred up to two equivalents of H2 per NH3 BH3 . Detailed spectroscopic and mechanistic studies are presented, which document the rate determination by acidic protons in the amine-borane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sandl
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.,Current address: University of Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ilya G Shenderovich
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Axel Jacobi von Wangelin
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.,Current address: University of Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- TU Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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30
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Liu C, Sang S, Chen F, Yan Y, Zhang C, Huang W. Me3
SiBr/InCl3
catalyzed allylation of alcohols: Identifying the combined Lewis structure and investigating the reaction mechanism. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglong Sang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); Nanjing People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); Nanjing People's Republic of China
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31
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Trose M, Reiß M, Reiß F, Anke F, Spannenberg A, Boye S, Lederer A, Arndt P, Beweries T. Dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane using a dinuclear 1,3-allenediyl bridged zirconocene complex. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12858-12862. [PMID: 30156242 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dinuclear zirconocene chloride complex 1 is a highly active precatalyst for the dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane. Comparison with mononuclear Zr chlorides and related dinuclear complexes suggests that the nature of the bridging motif is essential for the unique reactivity of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trose
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - M Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - F Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - F Anke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - A Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - S Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - P Arndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - T Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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32
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Yang M, Tofan D, Chen CH, Jack KM, Gabbaï FP. Digging the Sigma-Hole of Organoantimony Lewis Acids by Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13868-13872. [PMID: 30151881 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of group 15 Lewis acids is an area of active investigation that has led to numerous advances in anion sensing and catalysis. While phosphorus has drawn considerable attention, emerging research shows that organoantimony(III) reagents may also act as potent Lewis acids. Comparison of the properties of SbPh3 , Sb(C6 F5 )3 , and SbArF 3 with those of their tetrachlorocatecholate analogues SbPh3 Cat, Sb(C6 F5 )3 Cat, and SbArF 3 Cat (Cat=o-O2 C6 Cl4 , ArF =3,5-(CF3 )2 C6 H3 ) demonstrates that the Lewis acidity of electron deficient organoantimony(III) reagents can be readily enhanced by oxidation to the +V state-as verified by binding studies, organic reaction catalysis, and computational studies. The results are rationalized by explaining that oxidation of the antimony center leads to a lowering of the accepting σ* orbital and a deeper carving of the associated σ-hole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Daniel Tofan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Chang-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kevin M Jack
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - François P Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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33
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Yang M, Tofan D, Chen C, Jack KM, Gabbaï FP. Digging the Sigma‐Hole of Organoantimony Lewis Acids by Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Yang
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Daniel Tofan
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Chang‐Hong Chen
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Kevin M. Jack
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - François P. Gabbaï
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA
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34
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Papendick M, Feil CM, Nieger M, Gudat D. Steric Control in Reactions of N-Heterocyclic Phosphorus Electrophiles with Pentacarbonyl Manganate(-I). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Papendick
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Christoph M. Feil
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Dept. of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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35
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Blum M, Kappler J, Schlindwein SH, Nieger M, Gudat D. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterisation and transmetalation of lithium and potassium diaminophosphanide-boranes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:112-119. [PMID: 29188837 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A secondary diaminophosphane-borane (Et2N)2PH(BH3) was prepared from a chlorophosphane precursor and LiBH4 and metalated by reaction with anion bases (n-BuLi, KN(SiMe3)2) to yield the corresponding metal diaminophosphanide-boranes [(Et2N)2P(BH3)]M (M = Li, K). Multinuclear NMR studies permitted the first spectroscopic characterisation of the metalation products and revealed the presence of monomeric (for M = Li) contact ion pairs in solution. NMR spectroscopic evidence that the ions in each pair interact via LiP- rather than LiH3B-interactions as had been inferred for a Ph-substituted analogue was confirmed by DFT studies, which revealed also that the borane coordination plays a decisive role in boosting the PH-acidity of the original secondary diaminophosphane precursor. Transmetalation of the potassium and lithium diaminophosphanide-boranes with Cu(i) and Zn(ii) chlorides afforded the first functional transition metal complexes of a P-heteroatom-functionalised phosphanide-borane ligand. Both products were fully characterised. Thermolysis of the Cu-complex induced a reaction which involved transfer of an NHC ligand from the metal to the phosphorus atom and yielded a phosphaalkene NHC[double bond, length as m-dash]PH (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) as the major phosphorus-containing product.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blum
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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36
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Poitras AM, Knight SE, Bezpalko MW, Foxman BM, Thomas CM. Addition of H
2
Across a Cobalt–Phosphorus Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1497-1500. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Poitras
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Sadie E. Knight
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Mark W. Bezpalko
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Bruce M. Foxman
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
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37
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Poitras AM, Knight SE, Bezpalko MW, Foxman BM, Thomas CM. Addition of H
2
Across a Cobalt–Phosphorus Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Poitras
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Sadie E. Knight
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Mark W. Bezpalko
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Bruce M. Foxman
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
| | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry Brandeis University 415 South Street Waltham MA 02453 USA
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38
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Sharpe HR, Geer AM, Blundell TJ, Hastings FR, Fay MW, Rance GA, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Kays DL. Dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine–borane promoted by manganese(ii) m-terphenyl complexes. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02086d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low-coordinate m-terphenyl complexes are precatalysts for dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine–borane, where small changes in coordination environment effect significant mechanistic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R. Sharpe
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Ana M. Geer
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Toby J. Blundell
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Fiona R. Hastings
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Michael W. Fay
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - Graham A. Rance
- Nanoscale and Microscale Research Centre
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
| | | | - Deborah L. Kays
- School of Chemistry
- University of Nottingham
- University Park
- Nottingham
- UK
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39
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Zhou YP, Mo Z, Luecke MP, Driess M. Stereoselective Transfer Semi-Hydrogenation of Alkynes to E
-Olefins with N
-Heterocyclic Silylene-Manganese Catalysts. Chemistry 2017; 24:4780-4784. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Peng Zhou
- Technische Universität Berlin; Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials; Sekr. C2; Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- Technische Universität Berlin; Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials; Sekr. C2; Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Marcel-Philip Luecke
- Technische Universität Berlin; Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials; Sekr. C2; Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Technische Universität Berlin; Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials; Sekr. C2; Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
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40
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Gediga M, Schlindwein SH, Bender J, Nieger M, Gudat D. Variable Reactivity of a N-Heterocyclic Phosphenium Complex: P-C Bond Activation or "Abnormal" Deprotonation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15718-15722. [PMID: 28980421 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of an N-heterocyclic phosphenium complex of manganese with MeLi/Et3 NHCl under formal addition of CH4 to the Mn=P double bond can be reversed upon UV photolysis, providing a rare example for selective P-C(alkyl) bond activation. Action of LDA on the phosphenium complex does not proceed via attack at phosphorus but rather via C4-deprotonation to yield a unique P-analogue of an "abnormal" carbene. A transmetalation product of the original complex was fully characterized. The C-metalation is also applicable to bis-phosphenium complexes of other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gediga
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Simon H Schlindwein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Bender
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O Box 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70550, Stuttgart, Germany
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41
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Gediga M, Schlindwein SH, Bender J, Nieger M, Gudat D. Variable Reaktivität eines N-heterocyclischen Phosphenium-Komplexes: P-C-Bindungsaktivierung oder “abnormale” Deprotonierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gediga
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Simon H. Schlindwein
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Johannes Bender
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; P.O Box 55 00014 University of Helsinki Finnland
| | - Dietrich Gudat
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Universität Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70550 Stuttgart Deutschland
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