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Wang Y, Cui L, Wang Y, Li F, Li Y, Meng Q. Chiral TPE Foldamers in Macrocycles: Aggregation Enhanced Emission and Circularly Polarized Luminescence. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302373. [PMID: 37648675 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Chiral macrocycles with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted increasing attention due to the rigid structure, symmetrical chiral geometry and large luminescence dissymmetry factors (glum ). However, most chiral macrocycles are more emissive in solutions but have weakened fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF ) in aggregates, limiting their further application. In this paper, chiral macrocycle R/S-PhTPE was synthesized by combining chiral macrocycle architectonics with Z-o-phenyltetraphenylethylene (PhTPE) foldamer. Enhanced solution state emission and characteristic aggregation enhanced emission (AEE) effect can be observed for R/S-PhTPE due to the folded PhTPE conformation. Macrocycle immobilization and folded conformation endow PhTPE moiety with stable helical conformation. Most importantly, R/S-PhTPE exhibits opposite CPL signals compared with common chiral TPEs, demonstrating the evident impact of folded conformation. This work reports the first and deep insights into the chiroptical properties of chiral PhTPE foldamers, and will provide a new strategy to tune ΦF and CPL signals of AIE active chiral macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, No. 21, Gehu Rd., Wujin Dist., Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Liwen Cui
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, No. 21, Gehu Rd., Wujin Dist., Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, North Industrial Ave., Lanshan Dist., Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Ave., Jiangning Dist., Nanjing, 211109, China
| | - Yunzhi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, North Industrial Ave., Lanshan Dist., Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petrochemical Engineering, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, No. 21, Gehu Rd., Wujin Dist., Changzhou, 213164, China
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2
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König N, Godínez-Loyola Y, Yang F, Laube C, Laue M, Lönnecke P, Strassert CA, Hey-Hawkins E. Facile modification of phosphole-based aggregation-induced emission luminogens with sulfonyl isocyanates. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2267-2274. [PMID: 36873851 PMCID: PMC9977459 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00308f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphole oxides undergo a highly chemoselective reaction with sulfonyl isocyanates forming sulfonylimino phospholes in high yields. This facile modification proved to be a powerful tool for obtaining new phosphole-based aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminogens with high fluorescence quantum yields in the solid state. Changing the chemical environment of the phosphorus atom of the phosphole framework results in a significant shift of the fluorescence maximum to longer wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils König
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Yokari Godínez-Loyola
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Fangshun Yang
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V. Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Christian Laube
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V. Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
| | - Michael Laue
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Organic Chemistry Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Heisenbergstraße 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Johannisallee 29 04103 Leipzig Germany
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3
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Yang SY, Qu YK, Liao LS, Jiang ZQ, Lee ST. Research Progress of Intramolecular π-Stacked Small Molecules for Device Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2104125. [PMID: 34595783 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors can be designed and constructed in π-stacked structures instead of the conventional π-conjugated structures. Through-space interaction (TSI) occurs in π-stacked optoelectronic materials. Thus, unlike electronic coupling along the conjugated chain, the functional groups can stack closely to facilitate spatial electron communication. Using π-stacked motifs, chemists and materials scientists can find new ways for constructing materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), as well as enhanced molecular conductance. Organic optoelectronic devices based on π-stacked molecules have exhibited very promising performance, with some of them exceeding π-conjugated analogues. Recently, reports on various organic π-stacked structures have grown rapidly, prompting this review. Representative molecular scaffolds and newly developed π-stacked systems could stimulate more attention on through-space charge transfer the well-known through-bond charge transfer. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for utilizing and improving particular materials are discussed. The previous achievements and upcoming prospects may provide new insights into the theory, materials, and devices in the field of organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Kun Qu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Zuo-Quan Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shuit-Tong Lee
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, P. R. China
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Shen P, Huang M, Qian J, Li J, Ding S, Zhou X, Xu B, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Achieving Efficient Multichannel Conductance in Through‐Space Conjugated Single‐Molecule Parallel Circuits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pingchuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsInstitute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang 321004 China
| | - Jingyu Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsJilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jinshi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Siyang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xiao‐Shun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsInstitute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang 321004 China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsJilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
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Shen P, Huang M, Qian J, Li J, Ding S, Zhou X, Xu B, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Achieving Efficient Multichannel Conductance in Through‐Space Conjugated Single‐Molecule Parallel Circuits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4581-4588. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pingchuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsInstitute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang 321004 China
| | - Jingyu Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsJilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jinshi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Siyang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xiao‐Shun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis MaterialsInstitute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal University Jinhua Zhejiang 321004 China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsJilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- Department of ChemistryThe Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
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6
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A simple and convenient route to synthesize novel hyperbranched Poly(amine ester) with multicolored fluorescence. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Xie Y, Li Z. Recent Advances in the
Z
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E
Isomers of Tetraphenylethene Derivatives: Stereoselective Synthesis, AIE Mechanism, Photophysical Properties, and Application as Chemical Probes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2524-2541. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Xie
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation ScienceTianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
- Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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Shen P, Zhuang Z, Jiang XF, Li J, Yao S, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Through-Space Conjugation: An Effective Strategy for Stabilizing Intramolecular Charge-Transfer States. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2648-2656. [PMID: 31050901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) has significant impacts on organic optoelectronic materials, photochemistry, biotechnology, and so on. However, it is hard to stabilize the ICT state because of the rapid nonradiative charge recombination process, which often quenches light emission. In this work, we use new foldamers of the protonated pyridine-modified tetraphenylethene derivatives that possess through-space conjugation (TSC) characters as the models to study the impact of TSC on the ICT state. Steady and transient spectroscopies illustrate that the lifetime of the ICT state in the molecule with strong TSC can be much longer than those of molecules without TSC, giving rise to a higher fluorescence quantum yield. By combining the theoretical calculations, we demonstrate that the strong TSC can stabilize the ICT state and slow the charge recombination rate by more efficiently dispersing charges. This is a conceptually new design strategy for functional optoelectronic materials that require more stable ICT states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingchuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Zeyan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Xiao-Fang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Jinshi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Shunan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
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Li J, Shen P, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. Through-Space Conjugation: A Thriving Alternative for Optoelectronic Materials. CCS CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.019.20180020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient electronic coupling is the key to constructing optoelectronic functional π systems. Generally, the delocalization of π electrons must comply with the framework constructed by covalent bonds (typically σ bonds), representing classic through-bond conjugation. However, through-space conjugation offers an alternative that achieves spatial electron communication with closely stacked π systems instead of covalent
bonds thus enabling multidimensional energy and charge transport. Because of the ever-accelerating advances of through-space conjugation studies, researchers are inspired greatly by the beauty of through-space conjugated systems and their potential
in high-tech applications. In this mini review, we introduce some representative and newly developed π systems having the through-space conjugation feature. In addition to discussing the profound impacts of through-space conjugation on the luminescence
properties and charge transport, we will review some impressive findings of distinctive molecules with attractive characteristics, such as aggregation-induced emission, thermally activated delayed fluorescence, bipolar charge transport, and multichannel. These achievements may bring about new breakthroughs of theory, materials, and devices in the fields of organic electronics and molecular electronics.
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Feng Y, Bai T, Yan H, Ding F, Bai L, Feng W. High Fluorescence Quantum Yield Based on the Through-Space Conjugation of Hyperbranched Polysiloxane. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shaanxi Province, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Tian Bai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shaanxi Province, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Hongxia Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shaanxi Province, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Fan Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shaanxi Province, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Lihua Bai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shaanxi Province, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
| | - Weixu Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Shaanxi Province, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China
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Controlled Self-Assembly of Conjugated Polymers via a Solvent Vapor Pre-Treatment for Use in Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11020332. [PMID: 30960316 PMCID: PMC6419207 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile solution-processing strategy toward well-ordered one-dimensional nanostructures of conjugated polymers via a non-solvent vapor treatment was demonstrated, which resulted in enhancements to the charge transport characteristics of the polymers. The amount of crystalline poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanofibers was precisely controlled by simply varying the exposure time of solutions of P3HT solutions to non-solvent vapor. The effects of non-solvent vapor exposure on the molecular ordering and morphologies of the resultant P3HT films were systematically investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, polarized optical microscopy (POM), grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The non-solvent vapor facilitates the π–π stacking in P3HT to minimize unfavorable interactions between the poor solvent molecules and P3HT chains. P3HT films deposited from the non-solvent vapor-treated P3HT solutions exhibited an approximately 5.6-fold improvement in charge carrier mobility as compared to that of pristine P3HT films (7.8 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1 vs. 1.4 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1). The robust and facile strategy presented herein would be applicable in various opto-electronics applications requiring precise control of the molecular assembly, such as organic photovoltaic cells, field-effect transistors, light-emitting diodes, and sensors.
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Otto Roelen Medal: C. K. Williams / State Natural Science Award: B. Z. Tang / Kurt Alder Lectureship: V. K. Aggarwal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4459. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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13
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Otto‐Roelen‐Medaille: C. K. Williams / State Natural Science Award: B. Z. Tang / Kurt‐Alder‐Vorlesung: V. K. Aggarwal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhang Y, Shen P, He B, Luo W, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. New fluorescent through-space conjugated polymers: synthesis, optical properties and explosive detection. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01700f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New through-space conjugated polymers based on a tetraphenylethene foldamer are explored and utilized in explosive detection in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Pingchuan Shen
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Bairong He
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Wenwen Luo
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Zujin Zhao
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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