1
|
Träger LM, Pasqualini LC, Huppertz H, Bruns J, Suta M. Photoluminescence of Mn 2+ in the Borosulfate Zn[B 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ] : Mn 2+ -A Tool to Detect Weak Coordination Behavior of Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309212. [PMID: 37548647 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the surrounding ligand field is successfully exploited in the case of Eu2+ to tune the emission characteristics of inorganic photoactive materials with potential application in, e.g., phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-wLEDs). However, the photoluminescence of Mn2+ related to intraconfigurational 3d5 -3d5 transitions is also strongly dependent on local ligand field effects and has been underestimated in this regard so far. In this work, we want to revive the idea how to electronically tune the emission color of a transition metal ion in inorganic hosts by unusual electronic effects in the metal-ligand bond. The concept is explicitly demonstrated for the weakly coordinating layer-like borosulfate ligand in the Mn2+ -containing solid solutions Zn1-x Mnx [B2 (SO4 )4 ] (x = 0, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.10). Zn[B2 (SO4 )4 ]:Mn2+ shows orange narrow-band luminescence at 590 nm, which is an unusually short wavelength for octahedrally coordinated Mn2+ and indicates an uncommonly weak ligand field. On the other hand, the analysis of the interelectronic Racah repulsion parameters reveals ionic Mn-O bonds with values close to the Racah parameters of the free Mn2+ ion. Overall, this strategy demonstrates that electronic control of the metal-ligand bond can be a tool to make Mn2+ a potent alternative emitter to Eu2+ for inorganic phosphors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas M Träger
- Inorganic Photoactive Materials, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leonard C Pasqualini
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Suta
- Inorganic Photoactive Materials, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hämmer M, Pasqualini LC, Sebastian SS, Huppertz H, Höppe HA, Bruns J. Cd[B 2(SO 4) 4] and H 2[B 2(SO 4) 4] - a phyllosilicate-analogous borosulfate and its homeotypic heteropolyacid. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15458-15466. [PMID: 36156042 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02344j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Borosulfates consist of heteropolyanionic networks of corner-shared (SO4)- and (BO4)-tetrahedra charge compensated by metal or non-metal cations. The anionic substructures differ significantly, depending on the different branching of the silicate-analogous borosulfate building blocks. However, only one acid has been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction so far. Herein, we present H2[B2(SO4)4] as the first phyllosilicate analogue representative, together with the homeotypic representative Cd[B2(SO4)4]. The latter can be considered the cadmium salt of the former. Their crystal structures and crystallographic relationship are elucidated. For H2[B2(SO4)4], the bonding situation is examined using Hirshfeld-surface analysis. Further, the optical and thermal properties of Cd[B2(SO4)4] are investigated by FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, as well as temperature-programmed powder X-ray diffraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hämmer
- Institute of Physics, University Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Leonard C Pasqualini
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sean S Sebastian
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Henning A Höppe
- Institute of Physics, University Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sweet TFM, Felton DE, Szymanowski JES, Burns PC. Targeting Diverse Bridging Motifs within Actinide Borosulfates and Establishing an Unconventional Structural Hierarchy. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15953-15960. [PMID: 36047685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first actinide borosulfates, (UO2)[B(SO4)2(SO3OH)] (TSUBOS-1) and (UO2)2[B2O(SO4)3(SO3OH)2] (TSUBOB-1), were synthesized solvothermally in oleum using UO3. The classical borosulfate crystal structure of TSUBOS-1 is partially consistent with an established conventional hierarchy. Uranyl pentagonal bipyramids limit the anionic network linkages and isolate sulfate tetrahedra within the anionic network. Therefore, the classical one-dimensional chain established in the hierarchy does not fully describe the structure. The structure of TSUBOB-1 is the first actinide borosulfate that contains an unconventional borate-to-borate bridging mode (denoted B-O-B) and a zero-dimensional oxoanionic unit consisting of one sulfate tetrahedron that shares vertices with two B-O-B bridged borate tetrahedra that each share a vertex with two sulfate tetrahedra. As this structure departs from the existing structural hierarchy, a modified approach for understanding the unconventional borosulfate substructure and dimensionality is proposed, together with a new graphical notation. In the course of our synthesis experiments, a novel uranyl disulfate compound (UO2)2[(S2O7)(SO3OH)2] (TSUDS) was isolated and characterized. The structure of TSUDS is a framework consisting of uranyl pentagonal bipyramids and sulfate tetrahedra. Each uranyl pentagonal bipyramid is surrounded by five sulfate tetrahedra, two of which share a vertex creating a disulfate with a S-O-S bridging mode. The uranyl bipyramids are linked to one another via the singular sulfate or disulfate groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teagan F M Sweet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Daniel E Felton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jennifer E S Szymanowski
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Peter C Burns
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sutorius S, Gerven D, Olthof S, Rasche B, Bruns J. Polycations Stabilised by Borosulfates: [Au
3
Cl
4
][B(S
2
O
7
)
2
] and the One‐Dimensional Metal [Au
2
Cl
4
][B(S
2
O
7
)
2
](SO
3
). Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200004. [PMID: 35262987 PMCID: PMC9314955 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(SO4)‐rich silicate analogue borosulfates are able to stabilise cationic cluster‐like and chain‐like aggregates. Single crystals of [Au3Cl4][B(S2O7)2] and [Au2Cl4][B(S2O7)2](SO3) were obtained by solvothermal reaction with SO3, and the electronic properties were investigated by means of density functional theory–based calculations. [Au3Cl4][B(S2O7)2] exhibits a cluster‐like cation, and the cationic gold‐chloride strands in [Au2Cl4][B(S2O7)2](SO3) are found to resemble one‐dimensional metallic wires. This is confirmed by polarisation microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sutorius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - David Gerven
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Selina Olthof
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 4 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Bertold Rasche
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6 50939 Cologne Germany
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Cologne Greinstrasse 6 50939 Cologne Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hämmer M, Pielnhofer F, Janka O, Takahashi H, Gross P, Pöttgen R, Höppe HA. Polymorphism and optical, magnetic and thermal properties of the either phyllo- or inosilicate-analogous borosulfate Cu[B 2(SO 4) 4]. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3104-3115. [PMID: 35137733 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two polymorphs of the borosulfate Cu[B2(SO4)4] can be selectively prepared by solvothermal syntheses. The crystal structures of inosilicate-analogous α-Cu[B2(SO4)4] (P1̄, no. 2, a = 5.2636(2), b = 7.1449(2), c = 7.9352(2) Å, α = 73.698(2)°, β = 70.737(2)°, γ = 86.677(2)°, 65 parameters, RBragg = 0.0052) and the new phyllosilicate-analogous polymorph β-Cu[B2(SO4)4] (P21/n, no. 14, a = 7.712(3), b = 8.149(3), c = 9.092(3) Å, β = 111.22(1)°, 3829 independent reflections, 106 parameters, wR2 = 0.054) are discussed. Further, the optical, magnetic and thermal properties of both polymorphs are investigated with focus on the role of the Cu2+ cation and its Jahn-Teller effect. The findings are confirmed by DFT calculations yielding insights in the stability of the synthesised polymorphs as well as a predicted γ-modification. Additionally, the crystal structures of two polymorphs of copper hydrogensulfate Cu(HSO4)2-I (P21/n, no. 14, a = 4.7530(2), b = 8.5325(4), c = 7.3719(3) Å, β = 100.063(1)°, 1063 independent reflections, 55 parameters, wR2 = 0.052) and Cu(HSO4)2-II (P1̄, no. 2, a = 4.79.88(8), b = 7.857(1), c = 8.057(1) Å, α = 77.86(1)°, β = 87.02(1)°, γ = 89.82(1)°, 1044 independent reflections, 109 parameters, wR2 = 0.132) as well as that of Cu[S2O7] (C2/c, no. 15, a = 6.6341(4), b = 8.7302(5), c = 9.0555(8) Å, β = 104.763(3)°, 1117 independent reflections, 48 parameters, wR2 = 0.049) are presented and the cyclosilicate-analogous borosulfate Cu[B(SO4)2(HSO4)] is fully characterised with respect to its optical and thermal properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hämmer
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Florian Pielnhofer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Janka
- Universität des Saarlandes, Anorganische Festkörperchemie, Campus C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Gross
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Henning A Höppe
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sutorius S, Hanrath M, Bruns J. Be[B2(SO4)4] – A Borosulfate exhibiting Ino‐ and Phyllosilicate Analogue Topology. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jörn Bruns
- Universität zu Köln Department for Chemistry Greinstrasse 4-6 50939 Köln GERMANY
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pasqualini LC, Huppertz H, Je M, Choi H, Bruns J. Eckenverknüpfung von drei (BO
4
)‐Tetraedern in einem Borosulfat: Synthese, Kristallstruktur und quantenchemische Untersuchung von Sr[B
3
O(SO
4
)
4
(SO
4
H)]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard C. Pasqualini
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie Universität Innsbruck Innrain 80–82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Minyeong Je
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität zu Köln Greinstrasse 6 50939 Köln Deutschland
| | - Heechae Choi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität zu Köln Greinstrasse 6 50939 Köln Deutschland
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität zu Köln Greinstrasse 6 50939 Köln Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pasqualini LC, Huppertz H, Je M, Choi H, Bruns J. Triple-Vertex Linkage of (BO 4 )-Tetrahedra in a Borosulfate: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Quantum-Chemical Investigation of Sr[B 3 O(SO 4 ) 4 (SO 4 H)]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19740-19743. [PMID: 34121302 PMCID: PMC8456809 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Borosulfates are classified as silicate analogue materials. The number of crystallographically characterized compounds is still limited, whereas the structural diversity is already impressive. The anionic substructures of borosulfates exhibit vertex-connected (BO4 )- and (SO4 )-tetrahedra, whereas bridging between two (SO4 )- or even between two (BO4 )-tetrahedra is scarce. The herein presented compound Sr[B3 O(SO4 )4 (SO4 H)] is the first borosulfate with a triple-vertex linkage of three (BO4 ) tetrahedra via one common oxygen atom. DFT calculations complement the experimental studies. Bader charges (calculated for all atoms) as well as charge-density calculations give hint to the electron distribution within the anionic substructure and density-of-states calculations support the interpretation of the bonding situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard C Pasqualini
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General, Inorganic, and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Minyeong Je
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Heechae Choi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pasqualini LC, Janka O, Olthof S, Huppertz H, Liedl KR, Pöttgen R, Podewitz M, Bruns J. Ni[B 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ] and Co[B 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ]: Unveiling Systematic Trends in Phyllosilicate Analogue Borosulfates. Chemistry 2020; 26:17405-17415. [PMID: 32557937 PMCID: PMC7820960 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Borosulfates are compounds analogous to silicates, with heteropolyanionic subunits of vertex-linked (SO4 )- and (BO4 )-tetrahedra. In contrast to the immense structural diversity of silicates, the number of borosulfates is yet very limited and the extent of their properties is still unknown. This is particularly true for representatives with phyllosilicate and tectosilicate analogue anionic substructures. Herein, we present Ni[B2 (SO4 )4 ] and Co[B2 (SO4 )4 ], two new borosulfates with phyllosilicate analogue topology. While the anionic subunits of both structures are homeotypic, the positions of the charge compensating cations differ significantly: NiII is located between the borosulfate layers, while CoII -in contrast-is embedded within the layer. Detailed analysis of these two structures based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetochemical investigations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and quantum chemical calculations, unveiled the reasons for this finding. By in silico comparison with other divalent borosulfates, we uncovered systematic trends for phyllosilicate analogues leading to the prediction of new species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard C. Pasqualini
- University of InnsbruckInstitute of General Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Oliver Janka
- Universität des SaarlandesAnorganische FestkörperchemieCampus C4 166123SaarbrückenGermany
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Selina Olthof
- Institute of Physical ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstrasse 4–650939CologneGermany
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- University of InnsbruckInstitute of General Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Klaus R. Liedl
- University of InnsbruckInstitute of General Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Maren Podewitz
- University of InnsbruckInstitute of General Inorganic and Theoretical ChemistryInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstrasse 650939CologneGermany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zoller M, Huppertz H. High-pressure synthesis of REB5O8(OH)2 (RE = Ho, Er, Tm). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2020-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The rare earth oxoborates REB5O8(OH)2 (RE = Ho, Er, Tm) were synthesized in a Walker-type multianvil apparatus at a pressure of 2.5 GPa and a temperature of 673 K. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data provided the basis for the structure solution and refinement. The compounds crystallize in the monoclinic space group C2 (no. 5) and are composed of a layer-like structure containing dreier and sechser rings of corner sharing [BO4]5− tetrahedra. The rare earth metal cations are coordinated between two adjacent sechser rings. Further characterization was performed utilizing IR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zoller
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck , Innrain 80–82, A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Innsbruck , Innrain 80–82, A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Netzsch P, Höppe HA. Sr[B2(SO4)3(S2O7)]: A Borosulfate with an Unprecedented Chain Structure Comprising Disulfate Groups. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:18102-18108. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstr. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Netzsch P, Pielnhofer F, Glaum R, Höppe HA. Synthesis-Controlled Polymorphism and Optical Properties of Phyllosilicate-Analogous Borosulfates M[B 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ] (M=Mg, Co). Chemistry 2020; 26:14745-14753. [PMID: 32744744 PMCID: PMC7756226 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Increased synthetic control in borosulfate chemistry leads to the access of various new compounds. Herein, the polymorphism of phyllosilicate-analogous borosulfates is unraveled by adjusting the oleum (65 % SO3 ) content. The new polymorphs β-Mg[B2 (SO4 )4 ] and α-Co[B2 (SO4 )4 ] both consist of similar layers of alternating borate and sulfate tetrahedra, but differ in the position of octahedrally coordinated cations. The α-modification comprises cations between the layers, whereas in the β-modification cations are embedded within the layers. With this new synthetic approach, phase-pure compounds of the respective polymorphs α-Mg[B2 (SO4 )4 ] and β-Co[B2 (SO4 )4 ] were also achieved. Tanabe-Sugano analysis of the Co2+ polymorphs reveal weak ligand field splitting and give insights into the coordination behavior of the two-dimensional borosulfate anions for the first time. DFT calculations confirmed previous in silico experiments and enabled an assignment of the polymorphs by comparing the total electronic energies. The compounds are characterized by single-crystal XRD, PXRD, FTIR, and UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für FestkörperchemieUniversität AugsburgUniversitätsstr. 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Florian Pielnhofer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität RegensburgUniversitätstr. 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Robert Glaum
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität BonnGerhard-Domagk-Str. 153121BonnGermany
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für FestkörperchemieUniversität AugsburgUniversitätsstr. 186159AugsburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Netzsch P, Pielnhofer F, Höppe HA. From S-O-S to B-O-S to B-O-B Bridges: Ba[B(S 2O 7) 2] 2 as a Model System for the Structural Diversity in Borosulfate Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15180-15188. [PMID: 33001636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Various different possible connection patterns of sulfate and borate tetrahedra enable a vast structural diversity in borosulfates, a rather new class of silicate-analogous compounds. Here we unravel a direct relationship from S-O-S to B-O-S to B-O-B bridges for the first time in borosulfate chemistry. Solvothermal synthesis in pure oleum (65% SO3) yielded the first alkaline earth metal borosulfate comprising S-O-S bridges: Ba[B(S2O7)2]2 (I2/a, Z = 4, a = 1160.77(9) pm, b = 891.44(7) pm, c = 2130.26(19) pm, β = 104.0341(17)°) contains molecular [B(S2O7)2]- anions of a central boron atom and two chelating disulfate groups. By using equal amounts of sulfuric acid and oleum solely B-O-S bridges were obtained in Ba[B2(SO4)4] (Pnna, Z = 4, a = 1279.08(18) pm, b = 1280.0(2) pm, c = 731.70(11) pm) featuring one-dimensional ∞1[B(SO4)4/2]- chains. The thermal analysis on Ba[B(S2O7)2]2 revealed the conversion from S-O-S bridges to B-O-S bridges in Ba[B2(SO4)4] and to B-O-B bridges in Ba[B2O(SO4)3] by a successive release of SO3. Thus, BaO-B2O3-SO3 is the first quaternary system for borosulfates uniting all three possible connection patterns enabling us to understand the fascinating but systematic chemistry in such systems. Both new compounds were also characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction, electrostatic calculations, and infrared spectroscopy assisted by density functional theory (DFT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Florian Pielnhofer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Henning A Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstrasse 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bruns J, Höppe HA, Daub M, Hillebrecht H, Huppertz H. Borosulfates-Synthesis and Structural Chemistry of Silicate Analogue Compounds. Chemistry 2020; 26:7966-7980. [PMID: 31943390 PMCID: PMC7384169 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Borosulfates are oxoanionic compounds consisting of condensed sulfur- and boron-centered tetrahedra. Hitherto, they were mostly achieved from solvothermal syntheses in SO3 -enriched sulfuric acid, or from reactions with the superacid H[B(HSO4 )4 ]. The crystal structures are very similar to those of the corresponding class of silicates and their substitution variants, especially regarding the typical structural motif of corner-sharing tetrahedra. However, the borosulfates are supposed to be even more versatile, because (BO3 ) units might also be part of the anionic network. The following article deals with detailed reports on the different synthesis strategies, the crystal chemistry of borosulfates in comparison to silicates, and their hitherto identified properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Bruns
- Universität zu KölnInstitut für Anorganische ChemieGreinstrasse 650939KölnGermany
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für FestkörperchemieUniversität AugsburgUniversitätsstr. 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Michael Daub
- Universität FreiburgInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbertstr. 21, 79104 FreiburgGermany
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMFStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Harald Hillebrecht
- Universität FreiburgInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieAlbertstr. 21, 79104 FreiburgGermany
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum FMFStefan-Meier-Str. 2179104FreiburgGermany
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Universität InnsbruckInstitut für Allgemeine, Anorganische und Theoretische ChemieInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Netzsch P, Höppe HA. Synthesis and Characterization of the Chain Borosulfates (NH
4
)
3
[B(SO
4
)
3
] and Sr[B
2
(SO
4
)
4
]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Chair of Solid State and Materials Chemistry, Institute of Physics University of Augsburg Universitaetsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Chair of Solid State and Materials Chemistry, Institute of Physics University of Augsburg Universitaetsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
M[B2(SO4)4] (M = Mn, Zn)—Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Phyllosilicate Analogue Borosulfates. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7120145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Borosulfates are a rapidly expanding class of silicate analogue materials, where the structural diversity is expected to be at least as large as known for silicates. However, borosulfates with cross-linking of the anionic network into two or even three dimensions are still very rare. Herein, we present two new representatives with phyllosilicate analogue topology. Through solvothermal reactions of ZnO and MnCl2∙4H2O with boric acid in oleum (65% SO3), we obtained single-crystals of Mn[B2(SO4)4] (monoclinic, P21/n, Z = 2, a = 8.0435(4), b = 7.9174(4), c = 9.3082(4) Å, β = 110.94(1)°, V = 553.63(5) Å3) and Zn[B2(SO4)4] (monoclinic, P21/n, Z = 2, a = 7.8338(4), b = 8.0967(4), c = 9.0399(4) Å, β = 111.26(1)°, V = 534.36(5) Å3). The crystal structures reveal layer-like anionic networks with alternating vierer- and zwölfer-rings formed exclusively by corner-linked (SO4)- and (BO4)-tetrahedra.
Collapse
|
17
|
Netzsch P, Gross P, Takahashi H, Lotfi S, Brgoch J, Höppe HA. Exploring Main Group Metal Borosulfates: Similarities and Differences of Two New Borosulfates
M
[B
2
O(SO
4
)
3
] (
M
= Sr, Pb). Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Peter Gross
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| | - Sogol Lotfi
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston 77204 Houston TX USA
| | - Jakoah Brgoch
- Department of Chemistry University of Houston 77204 Houston TX USA
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie Universität Augsburg Universitätsstraße 1 86159 Augsburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Netzsch P, Hämmer M, Gross P, Bariss H, Block T, Heletta L, Pöttgen R, Bruns J, Huppertz H, Höppe HA. RE2[B2(SO4)6] (RE = Y, La–Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb–Lu): a silicate-analogous host structure with weak coordination behaviour. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4387-4397. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00445a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The very first thorough investigation of the rare earth borosulfates RE2[B2(SO4)6] with RE = Y, La–Nd, Sm, Eu and Tb–Lu focusses on synthetic aspects and especially optical properties.
Collapse
|
19
|
Schönegger S, Bruns J, Gartner B, Wurst K, Huppertz H. Synthesis and Characterization of the First Lead(II) Borosulfate Pb[B2
(SO4
)4
]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schönegger
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Jörn Bruns
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Benjamin Gartner
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Innsbruck; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bruns J, Podewitz M, Liedl KR, Janka O, Pöttgen R, Huppertz H. Cu[B 2 (SO 4 ) 4 ] and Cu[B(SO 4 ) 2 (HSO 4 )]-Two Silicate Analogue Borosulfates Differing in their Dimensionality: A Comparative Study of Stability and Acidity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9548-9552. [PMID: 29683245 PMCID: PMC6099308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Borosulfates are an ever-expanding class of compounds and the extent of their properties is still elusive. Herein, the first two copper borosulfates Cu[B2 (SO4 )4 ] and Cu[B(SO4 )2 (HSO4 )] are presented, which are structurally related but show different dimensionalities in their substructure: While Cu[B2 (SO4 )4 ] reveals an anionic chain, ∞1 [B(SO4 )4/2 ]- , with both a twisted and a unique chair conformation of the B(SO4 )2 B subunits, Cu[B(SO4 )2 (HSO4 )] reveals isolated [B2 (SO4 )4 (HSO4 )2 ]4- anions showing exclusively a twisted conformation. The complex anion can figuratively be obtained as a cut-out from the anionic chain by protons. Comparative DFT calculations based on magnetochemical measurements complement the experimental studies. Calculation of the pKa values of the two conformers of the [B2 (SO4 )4 (HSO4 )2 ]4- anion revealed them to be more similar to silicic than to sulfuric acid, highlighting the close relationship to silicates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Bruns
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInstitut für AllgemeineAnorganische und Theoretische ChemieInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInstitut für AllgemeineAnorganische und Theoretische ChemieInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Klaus R. Liedl
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInstitut für AllgemeineAnorganische und Theoretische ChemieInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Oliver Janka
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieCorrensstrasse 3048149MünsterGermany
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität InnsbruckInstitut für AllgemeineAnorganische und Theoretische ChemieInnrain 80–826020InnsbruckAustria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Netzsch P, Gross P, Takahashi H, Höppe HA. Synthesis and Characterization of the First Borosulfates of Magnesium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, and Zinc. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:8530-8539. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Netzsch
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Peter Gross
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Hirotaka Takahashi
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Henning A. Höppe
- Lehrstuhl für Festkörperchemie, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, D-86159 Augsburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bruns J, Podewitz M, Liedl KR, Janka O, Pöttgen R, Huppertz H. Cu[B2
(SO4
)4
] und Cu[B(SO4
)2
(HSO4
)] - zwei silicatanaloge Borosulfate unterschiedlicher Dimensionalität: Vergleich von Stabilität und Azidität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Bruns
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Institut für Allgemeine; Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Institut für Allgemeine; Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Klaus R. Liedl
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Institut für Allgemeine; Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Oliver Janka
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Corrensstraße 30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Hubert Huppertz
- Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Institut für Allgemeine; Anorganische und Theoretische Chemie; Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Strobel P, Weiler V, Schmidt PJ, Schnick W. Sr[BeSi 2 N 4 ]:Eu 2+ /Ce 3+ and Eu[BeSi 2 N 4 ]: Nontypical Luminescence in Highly Condensed Nitridoberyllosilicates. Chemistry 2018; 24:7243-7249. [PMID: 29575174 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
M[BeSi2 N4 ] (M=Sr,Eu), crystallizing in the hexagonal space group P6‾ 2c, was synthesized from Sr(NH2 )2 , Be3 N2 , and "Si(NH)2 " in W crucibles under a N2 atmosphere in a radio-frequency furnace. The crystal structure was solved from powder X-ray diffraction data by the charge-flipping method (Sr[BeSi2 N4 ]: a=4.86082(2), c=9.42264(4) Å, Z=2; Eu[BeSi2 N4 ]: a=4.85848(1), c=9.41615(4) Å). M[BeSi2 N4 ] contains a highly condensed rigid network of trigonal planar [BeN3 ] units that are connected to Si2 N7 double tetrahedra by common vertices. M[BeSi2 N4 ] (M=Sr,Eu) are the first examples of nitridoberyllosilicates and are isotypic to the oxoberyllate Sr[Be3 O4 ]. Eu2+ -doped Sr[BeSi2 N4 ] and Eu[BeSi2 N4 ] show orange-trapped exciton emission (λem =605 nm, fwhm ≈126 nm), whereas Ce3+ -doped samples of Sr[BeSi2 N4 ] show nontypical yellowish-orange luminescence. Sr[BeSi2 N4 ] has a large band gap of ≈4.4 eV and shows high chemical and thermal stability. Eu2+ -doped beryllates with regular 4f6 5d1 →4f7 -emission could be interesting for future application in LEDs upon doping with Eu2+ or Ce3+ due to large band gaps, rigid networks, and chemical and thermal stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Strobel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Volker Weiler
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA), Lumileds Germany GmbH, Philipsstrasse 8, 52068, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter J Schmidt
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA), Lumileds Germany GmbH, Philipsstrasse 8, 52068, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ruan TT, Wang WW, Hu CL, Xu X, Mao JG. Pb4(BO3)2(SO4) and Pb2[(BO2)(OH)](SO4): New lead(II) borate-sulfate mixed-anion compounds with two types of 3D network structures. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|