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Abstract
An emerging concept, nanoarchitectonics, is supposed to work on the preparation of functional materials systems from nanoscale components. Because porphyrin derivatives show their importance in many research targets, discussions on nanoarchitectonics with porphyrins and related molecules would provide meaningful opportunities to consider effective usages of the nanoarchitectonics. This review article explains various examples of nanoarchitectonics approaches with porphyrin derivatives. The examples are especially focused on two topics: (i) materials nanoarchitectonics for nanofibers, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks; (ii) interfacial nanoarchitectonics for surface monolayers (self-assembled monolayers), Langmuir-Blodgett films, and layer-by-layer assemblies. Functions and properties can be enhanced upon their organization in specific dimensions and arrangements in nanostructured frameworks. In many cases, interface-specific organization would lead to advanced performances with high efficiency and specificity. Even though only limited examples are described here, various possibilities are actually suggested. Not limited to porphyrin families, nanoarchitectonics for functional materials has to be considered with a wide range of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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Luchs T, Zieleniewska A, Kunzmann A, Schol PR, Guldi DM, Hirsch A. Non-Covalent Postfunctionalization of Dye Layers on TiO 2 - A Tool for Enhancing Injection in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chemistry 2021; 27:5041-5050. [PMID: 33428285 PMCID: PMC7986074 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report on newly tailored dye layers, which were employed, on one hand, for covalent deposition and, on the other hand, for non-covalently post-functionalizing TiO2 nanoparticle films. Our functionalization concept enabled intermixing a stable covalent attachment of a first layer with a highly versatile and reversible hydrogen bonding through the Hamilton receptor-cyanuric acid binding motif as a second layer. Following this concept, we integrated step-by-step a first porphyrin layer and a second porphyrin/BODIPY layer. The individual building blocks and their corresponding combinations were probed with regard to their photophysical properties, and the most promising combinations were implemented in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Relative to the first porphyrin layer adding the second porphyrin/BODIPY layers increased the overall DSSC efficiency by up to 43 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Luchs
- Chair of Organic Chemistry IIDepartment of Chemistry & PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Anna Zieleniewska
- Chair of Physical Chemistry IDepartment of Chemistry & PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität ErlangenEgerlandstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Kunzmann
- Chair of Physical Chemistry IDepartment of Chemistry & PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität ErlangenEgerlandstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Peter R. Schol
- Chair of Physical Chemistry IDepartment of Chemistry & PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität ErlangenEgerlandstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Chair of Physical Chemistry IDepartment of Chemistry & PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität ErlangenEgerlandstraße 391058ErlangenGermany
| | - Andreas Hirsch
- Chair of Organic Chemistry IIDepartment of Chemistry & PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
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3
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Salvo-Comino C, González-Gil A, Rodriguez-Valentin J, Garcia-Hernandez C, Martin-Pedrosa F, Garcia-Cabezon C, Rodriguez-Mendez ML. Biosensors Platform Based on Chitosan/AuNPs/Phthalocyanine Composite Films for the Electrochemical Detection of Catechol. The Role of the Surface Structure. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2152. [PMID: 32290315 PMCID: PMC7181025 DOI: 10.3390/s20072152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biosensor platforms consisting of layer by layer films combining materials with different functionalities have been developed and used to obtain improved catechol biosensors. Tyrosinase (Tyr) or laccase (Lac) were deposited onto LbL films formed by layers of a cationic linker (chitosan, CHI) alternating with layers of anionic electrocatalytic materials (sulfonated copper phthalocyanine, CuPcS or gold nanoparticles, AuNP). Films with different layer structures were successfully formed. Characterization of surface roughness and porosity was carried out using AFM. Electrochemical responses towards catechol showed that the LbL composites efficiently improved the electron transfer path between Tyr or Lac and the electrode surface, producing an increase in the intensity over the response in the absence of the LbL platform. LbL structures with higher roughness and pore size facilitated the diffusion of catechol, resulting in lower LODs. The [(CHI)-(AuNP)-(CHI)-(CuPcS)]2-Tyr showed an LOD of 8.55∙10-4 μM, which was one order of magnitude lower than the 9.55·10-3 µM obtained with [(CHI)-(CuPcS)-(CHI)-(AuNP)]2-Tyr, and two orders of magnitude lower than the obtained with other nanostructured platforms. It can be concluded that the combination of adequate materials with complementary activity and the control of the structure of the platform is an excellent strategy to obtain biosensors with improved performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Salvo-Comino
- Group UVASENS, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (C.S.-C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.R.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
- Bioeco UVA Research Institute, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain (C.G.-C.)
| | - Alfonso González-Gil
- Group UVASENS, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (C.S.-C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.R.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
| | - Javier Rodriguez-Valentin
- Group UVASENS, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (C.S.-C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.R.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
- Dpt. of Materials Science, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Celia Garcia-Hernandez
- Group UVASENS, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (C.S.-C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.R.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
- Bioeco UVA Research Institute, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain (C.G.-C.)
| | - Fernando Martin-Pedrosa
- Bioeco UVA Research Institute, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain (C.G.-C.)
- Dpt. of Materials Science, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Cristina Garcia-Cabezon
- Bioeco UVA Research Institute, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain (C.G.-C.)
- Dpt. of Materials Science, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria Luz Rodriguez-Mendez
- Group UVASENS, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce, 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (C.S.-C.); (A.G.-G.); (J.R.-V.); (C.G.-H.)
- Bioeco UVA Research Institute, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain (C.G.-C.)
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Abstract
Solar radiation is becoming increasingly appreciated because of its influence on living matter and the feasibility of its application for a variety of purposes. It is an available and everlasting natural source of energy, rapidly gaining ground as a supplement and alternative to the nonrenewable energy feedstock. Actually, an increasing interest is involved in the development of efficient materials as the core of photocatalytic and photothermal processes, allowing solar energy harvesting and conversion for many technological applications, including hydrogen production, CO2 reduction, pollutants degradation, as well as organic syntheses. Particularly, photosensitive nanostructured hybrid materials synthesized coupling inorganic semiconductors with organic compounds, and polymers or carbon-based materials are attracting ever-growing research attention since their peculiar properties overcome several limitations of photocatalytic semiconductors through different approaches, including dye or charge transfer complex sensitization and heterostructures formation. The aim of this review was to describe the most promising recent advances in the field of hybrid nanostructured materials for sunlight capture and solar energy exploitation by photocatalytic processes. Beside diverse materials based on metal oxide semiconductors, emerging photoactive systems, such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and hybrid perovskites, were discussed. Finally, future research opportunities and challenges associated with the design and development of highly efficient and cost-effective photosensitive nanomaterials for technological claims were outlined.
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