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Morgenstern A, Thomas R, Selyshchev O, Weber M, Tegenkamp C, Zahn DRT, Mehring M, Salvan G. Anchoring Atomically Precise Chiral Bismuth Oxido Nanoclusters on Gold: The Role of Amino Acid Linkers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38995738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The adsorption of chiral molecules onto metallic surfaces triggers electron spin polarization at the interface, paving the way for applications in chiral opto-spintronics. However, the spin effects sensitively depend on the binding and ordering of the chiral species on surfaces. This study explores the adsorption of chiral thioether-functionalized atomically precise bismuth oxido nanoclusters (BiO-NCs) on gold (Au) surfaces, extending the conventional approach of using thiol-containing molecules and complexes to nanoclusters. Starting from the precursor [Bi38O45(NO3)20(dmso)28](NO3)4·4dmso (A), chiral BiO-NCs were synthesized by substituting the nitrates with N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-l-methionine (Boc-l-Met-O-) ligands to obtain [Bi38O45(Boc-l-Met-O)24] (2). The full exchange of nitrate by the Boc-l-methionine ligand was demonstrated by powder X-ray diffractograms, dynamic light scattering, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, circular dichroism, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Compared to previously reported [Bi38O45(Boc-l-Phe-O)24(dmso)9] (1), BiO-NC 2 shows differences in the growth mode on a Au surface as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, wherefore a stronger binding of BiO-NC 2 is assumed. Anchoring of BiO-NC 2 to the Au surface through thioether groups induced a discernible change in the optical response of the Au surface analyzed by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). From the numerical modeling of the SE parameters, a layer thickness of ∼2 nm, corresponding to a monolayer of BiO-NC 2, was estimated for the samples prepared by dip coating. Thus, strong adsorption of BiO-NC 2 to the Au surface is concluded, which is an essential prerequisite for chiral-induced interface spin polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Morgenstern
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Physics, Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
| | - Rico Thomas
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Selyshchev
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Physics, Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
| | - Marcus Weber
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
| | - Christoph Tegenkamp
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Physics, Analysis of Solid Surfaces, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Physics, Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
| | - Michael Mehring
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Physics, Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09107, Germany
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz 09126, Germany
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2
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Fetoh A, Fantuzzi F, Lichtenberg C. The Chlorido-Bismuth Dication: A Potent Lewis Acid Captured in a Hepta-Coordinate Species with a Stereochemically Active Lone Pair. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12089-12099. [PMID: 38900030 PMCID: PMC11220759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The stabilization of simple, highly reactive cationic species in molecular complexes represents an important strategy to isolate and characterize compounds with uncommon or even unprecedented structural motifs and properties. Here we report the synthesis, isolation, and full characterization of chlorido-bismuth dications, stabilized only by monodentate dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) ligands: [BiCl(dmso)6][BF4]2 (1) and [BiCl(μ2-dmso)(dmso)4]2[BF4]4 (2). These compounds show unusual distorted pentagonal bipyramidal coordination geometries along with high Lewis acidities and have been analyzed by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. Attempts to generate the bromido- and iodido-analogs gave dmso-stabilized tricationic bismuth species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fetoh
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, El Gomhouria,
Mansoura Qism 2, Dakahlia Governorate 11432 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- School
of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University
of Kent, Park Wood Road, Canterbury CT2 7NH, U.K.
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Department
of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4, Marburg 35032, Germany
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3
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Morgenstern A, Thomas R, Sharma A, Weber M, Selyshchev O, Milekhin I, Dentel D, Gemming S, Tegenkamp C, Zahn DRT, Mehring M, Salvan G. Deposition of Nanosized Amino Acid Functionalized Bismuth Oxido Clusters on Gold Surfaces. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111815. [PMID: 35683672 PMCID: PMC9182479 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bismuth compounds are of growing interest with regard to potential applications in catalysis, medicine, and electronics, for which their environmentally benign nature is one of the key factors. One thing that currently hampers the further development of bismuth oxido-based materials, however, is the often low solubility of the precursors, which makes targeted immobilisation on substrates challenging. We present an approach towards the solubilisation of bismuth oxido clusters by introducing an amino carboxylate as a functional group. For this purpose, the bismuth oxido cluster [Bi38O45(NO3)20(dmso)28](NO3)4·4dmso (dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide) was reacted with the sodium salt of tert-butyloxycabonyl (Boc)-protected phenylalanine (L-Phe) to obtain the soluble and chiral nanocluster [Bi38O45(Boc–Phe–O)24(dmso)9]. The exchange of the nitrates by the amino carboxylates was proven by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, as well as elemental analysis and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The solubility of the bismuth oxido cluster in a protic as well as an aprotic polar organic solvent and the growth mode of the clusters upon spin, dip, and drop coating on gold surfaces were studied by a variety of microscopy, as well as spectroscopic techniques. In all cases, the bismuth oxido clusters form crystalline agglomerations with size, height, and distribution on the substrate that can be controlled by the choice of the solvent and of the deposition method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Morgenstern
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.M.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (I.M.); (D.R.T.Z.)
| | - Rico Thomas
- Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (R.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Apoorva Sharma
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.M.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (I.M.); (D.R.T.Z.)
| | - Marcus Weber
- Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (R.T.); (M.W.)
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
| | - Oleksandr Selyshchev
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.M.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (I.M.); (D.R.T.Z.)
| | - Ilya Milekhin
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.M.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (I.M.); (D.R.T.Z.)
| | - Doreen Dentel
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (D.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Sibylle Gemming
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
- Theoretical Physics of Quantum Mechanical Processes and Systems, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Christoph Tegenkamp
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (D.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Dietrich R. T. Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.M.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (I.M.); (D.R.T.Z.)
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
| | - Michael Mehring
- Coordination Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (R.T.); (M.W.)
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany; (A.M.); (A.S.); (O.S.); (I.M.); (D.R.T.Z.)
- Center of Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (G.S.)
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4
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Wacker JN, Ditter AS, Cary SK, Murray AV, Bertke JA, Seidler GT, Kozimor SA, Knope KE. Reactivity of a Chloride Decorated, Mixed Valent Ce III/IV38-Oxo Cluster. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:193-205. [PMID: 34914366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A cerium-oxo nanocluster capped by chloride ligands, [CeIV38-nCeIIInO56-(n+1)(OH)n+1Cl51(H2O)11]10- (n = 1-24), has been isolated from acidic chloride solutions by using potassium counterions. The crystal structure was elucidated using single crystal X-ray diffraction. At the center of the cluster is a {Ce14} core that exhibits the same fluorite-type structure as bulk CeO2, with eight-coordinate Ce sites bridged by tetrahedral oxo anions. The {Ce14} is further surrounded by a peripheral shell of six tetranuclear {Ce4} subunits that are located on each of the faces of the core to yield the {Ce38} cluster. The surface of the cluster is capped by 51 bridging/terminal chloride ligands and 11 water molecules; the anionic cluster is charge balanced by potassium counterions that exist in the outer coordination sphere. While assignment of the Ce oxidation state by bond valence summation was ambiguous, Ce L3-edge X-ray absorption, X-ray photoelectron, and UV-vis-NIR absorption results were consistent with a CeIII/CeIV cluster. Systematic changes in the XANES and UV-vis-NIR absorption spectra over time pointed to reactivity of the cluster upon exposure to air. These changes were examined using single crystal X-ray diffraction, and a clear single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation was captured; an overall loss of surface-bound chlorides and water molecules as well as new μ2-OH sites was observed on the cluster surface. This work provides a rare snapshot of metal oxide cluster reactivity. The results may hold implications for understanding the physical and chemical properties of ceria nanoparticles and provide insight into the behavior of other metal-oxo clusters of significant technological and environmental interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Wacker
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Alexander S Ditter
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Washington, Box 351560, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Samantha K Cary
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Aphra V Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Jeffery A Bertke
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Box 351560, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Stosh A Kozimor
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Karah E Knope
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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5
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Andleeb S, Imtiaz-ud-Din., Rauf MK, Ul-Haq I, Schipper D. Structural manifestations and biological screening for newly synthesized heteroleptic bismuth(V) bis-carboxylates. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.2011250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaila Andleeb
- School of Applied Sciences and Humanities, National University of Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz-ud-Din.
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khawar Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Post-graduate College Shakargarh, Shakargarh, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan- Ul-Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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6
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Sharutin VV, Poddel’sky AI, Sharutina OK. Organic Compounds of Bismuth: Synthesis, Structure, and Applications. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328421120022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Lichtenberg C. Molecular bismuth(iii) monocations: structure, bonding, reactivity, and catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4483-4495. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01284c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Structurally defined, molecular bismuth(iii) cations show remarkable properties in coordination chemistry, Lewis acidity, and redox chemistry, allowing for unique applications in synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crispin Lichtenberg
- Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Am Hubland
- 97074 Würzburg
- Germany
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8
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Riley RD, Dickie DA, Land MA, Kemp RA, Macdonald CLB, Werner-Zwanziger U, Robertson KN, Clyburne JAC. Heavy Metals Make a Chain: A Catenated Bismuth Compound. Chemistry 2020; 26:7711-7719. [PMID: 32298506 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Catenation is common for the light main-group elements whereas it is rare for the heavy elements. Herein, we report the first example of a neutral molecule containing a Bi4 chain. It is prepared in a one-step reaction between bismuth trichloride and bis(diisopropylphosphino)amine in methanol suspension. The same reaction carried out in dichloromethane gives quite different products. All products have been characterized spectroscopically and using single-crystal X-ray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Riley
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Diane A Dickie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA.,Current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22904, USA
| | - Michael A Land
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Richard A Kemp
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA
| | - Charles L B Macdonald
- Carleton University, 203 Steacie Building, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Ulrike Werner-Zwanziger
- Department of Chemistry, Clean Technologies Research Institute, NMR-3, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Katherine N Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Jason A C Clyburne
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
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9
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Amiri M, Martin NP, Sadeghi O, Nyman M. Bismuth for Controlled Assembly/Disassembly of Transition-Metal Oxo Clusters, Defining Reaction Pathways in Inorganic Synthesis and Nature. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3471-3481. [PMID: 32078309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Trivalent bismuth is a unique heavy p-block ion. It is highly insoluble in water, due to strong hydrolysis tendencies, and known for low toxicity. Its lone pair is structure-directing, providing framework materials with structural flexibility, leading to piezoelectric and multiferroic function. The flexibility it provides is also advantageous for dopants and vacancies, giving rise to conductivity, luminescence, color, and catalytic properties. We are exploiting Bi3+ in a completely different way, as a knob to "tune" the solubility and stability of transition-metal oxo clusters. The lone pair allows capping and isolation of metastable cluster forms for solid-state and solution characterization. With controlled release of the bismuth (via bismuth oxyhalide metathesis), the metal oxo clusters can be retained in aqueous solution, and we can track their reaction pathways and conversion to related metal oxyhydroxides. Here we present isolation of a bismuth-stabilized MnIV cluster, fully formulated [MnIV6Bi2KO9(CH3COO)10(H2O)3(NO3)2] (Mn6Bi2). In addition to characterization by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, solution characterization in acetonitrile and acetonitrile-acetic acid by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry shows high stability and the tendency of Mn6Bi2 to link into chains by bridging the bismuth (and potassium) caps with nitrate and acetate ligands. On the other hand, the dissolution of Mn6Bi2 in water, with and without metathesis of the bismuth, leads to the precipitation of related oxyhydroxide phases, which we characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and the conversion pathway by SAXS. Without removal of bismuth, amorphous manganese/bismuth oxyhydroxides precipitate within a day. On the other hand, metathesis of BiOBr yields a solution containing soluble manganese oxyhydroxide prenucleation clusters that assemble and precipitate over 10 days. This allows tracking of the reaction pathway via SAXS. We observe one-dimensional growth of species, followed by the precipitation of nanocrystalline hollandite (identified by TEM). The hollandite is presumably templated by the K+, originally in the crystalline lattice of Mn6Bi2. In this Forum Article that combines new results and prospective, we compare these results to prior studies in which we first introduced the use of capping Bi3+ to stabilize reactive clusters, followed by destabilization to understand reaction pathways in synthesis and low-temperature geochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Nicolas P Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Linn-Benton Community College, Albany Oregon 97321, United States
| | - May Nyman
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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10
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Fritzsche AM, Scholz S, Krasowska M, Bhattacharyya K, Toma AM, Silvestru C, Korb M, Rüffer T, Lang H, Auer AA, Mehring M. Evaluation of bismuth-based dispersion energy donors – synthesis, structure and theoretical study of 2-biphenylbismuth( iii) derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:10189-10211. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06924k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular Bi⋯π arene London dispersion interactions in (biphenyl)3−xBiXx amount to ca. 20 kJ mol−1 with distances of 3.8–4.0 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Fritzsche
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften
- Institut für Chemie
- Professur Koordinationschemie
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Sebastian Scholz
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften
- Institut für Chemie
- Professur Koordinationschemie
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | | | | | - Ana Maria Toma
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften
- Institut für Chemie
- Professur Koordinationschemie
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Cristian Silvestru
- Babeş-Bolyai University
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemistry
- Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre (SOOMCC)
- 400028 Cluj-Napoca
| | - Marcus Korb
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften
- Institut für Chemie
- Professur Anorganische Chemie
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften
- Institut für Chemie
- Professur Anorganische Chemie
- 09107 Chemnitz
| | - Heinrich Lang
- Center for Materials
- Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN)
- 09126 Chemnitz
- Germany
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
| | - Alexander A. Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Michael Mehring
- Technische Universität Chemnitz
- Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften
- Institut für Chemie
- Professur Koordinationschemie
- 09107 Chemnitz
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11
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Andleeb S, Imtiaz-ud-Din. Recent progress in designing the synthetic strategies for bismuth based complexes. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.120871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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