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Sang P, Cai J. Unnatural helical peptidic foldamers as protein segment mimics. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:4843-4877. [PMID: 37401344 PMCID: PMC10389297 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00395c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Unnatural helical peptidic foldamers have attracted considerable attention owing to their unique folding behaviours, diverse artificial protein binding mechanisms, and promising applications in chemical, biological, medical, and material fields. Unlike the conventional α-helix consisting of molecular entities of native α-amino acids, unnatural helical peptidic foldamers are generally comprised of well-defined backbone conformers with unique and unnatural structural parameters. Their folded structures usually arise from unnatural amino acids such as N-substituted glycine, N-substituted-β-alanine, β-amino acid, urea, thiourea, α-aminoxy acid, α-aminoisobutyric acid, aza-amino acid, aromatic amide, γ-amino acid, as well as sulfono-γ-AA amino acid. They can exhibit intriguing and predictable three-dimensional helical structures, generally featuring superior resistance to proteolytic degradation, enhanced bioavailability, and improved chemodiversity, and are promising in mimicking helical segments of various proteins. Although it is impossible to include every piece of research work, we attempt to highlight the research progress in the past 10 years in exploring unnatural peptidic foldamers as protein helical segment mimics, by giving some representative examples and discussing the current challenges and future perspectives. We expect that this review will help elucidate the principles of structural design and applications of existing unnatural helical peptidic foldamers in protein segment mimicry, thereby attracting more researchers to explore and generate novel unnatural peptidic foldamers with unique structural and functional properties, leading to more unprecedented and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sang
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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2
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Park HS, Kang YK. Exploring Helical Folding in Oligomers of Cyclopentane-Based ϵ-Amino Acids: A Computational Study. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202100253. [PMID: 35083888 PMCID: PMC8886640 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The conformational preferences of oligopeptides of an ϵ‐amino acid (2‐((1R,3S)‐3‐(aminomethyl)cyclopentyl)acetic acid, Amc5a) with a cyclopentane substituent in the Cβ−Cγ−Cδ sequence of the backbone were investigated using DFT methods in chloroform and water. The most preferred conformation of Amc5a oligomers (dimer to hexamer) was the H16 helical structure both in chloroform and water. Four residues were found to be sufficient to induce a substantial H16 helix population in solution. The Amc5a hexamer adopted a stable left‐handed (M)‐2.316 helical conformation with a rise of 4.8 Å per turn. The hexamer of Ampa (an analogue of Amc5a with replacing cyclopentane by pyrrolidine) adopted the right‐handed mixed (P)‐2.918/16 helical conformation in chloroform and the (M)‐2.416 helical conformation in water. Therefore, hexamers of ϵ‐amino acid residues exhibited different preferences of helical structures depending on the substituents in peptide backbone and the solvent polarity as well as the chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Sook Park
- Department of Nursing, Cheju Halla University, Cheju, 63092, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
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3
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Saito A. Foldamer Catalysts. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ami Saito
- School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo
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Staś M, Broda MA, Siodłak D. Thiazole-amino acids: influence of thiazole ring on conformational properties of amino acid residues. Amino Acids 2021; 53:673-686. [PMID: 33837859 PMCID: PMC8128816 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modified thiazole-amino acid (Xaa-Tzl) residues have been found in macrocyclic peptides (e.g., thiopeptides and cyanobactins), which mostly inhibit protein synthesis in Gram + bacteria. Conformational study of the series of model compounds containing this structural motif with alanine, dehydroalanine, dehydrobutyrine and dehydrophenylalanine were performed using DFT method in various environments. The solid-state crystal structure conformations of thiazole-amino acid residues retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database were also analysed. The studied structural units tend to adopt the unique semi-extended β2 conformation; which is stabilised mainly by N-H⋯NTzl hydrogen bond, and for dehydroamino acids also by π-electron conjugation. The conformational preferences of amino acids with a thiazole ring were compared with oxazole analogues and the role of the sulfur atom in stabilising the conformations of studied peptides was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Staś
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052, Opole, Poland.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Science, Flemingovo Náměstí 2, 166 10, Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Dawid Siodłak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052, Opole, Poland.
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Park HS, Kang YK. Conformational Preferences of Cyclopentane-Based Oligo-δ-peptides in the Gas Phase and in Solution. Chempluschem 2021; 86:533-539. [PMID: 33540490 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The conformational preferences of oligomers of δ-amino acid (δAc5 a) with a cyclopentyl constraint in the Cβ -Cγ bond of the backbone were investigated by using DFT methods in the gas phase and in solution. The folded structures with C10 H-bonded pseudocycles were most preferred for dimer and tetramer of δAc5 a residues both in chloroform and water. However, for the hexameric Ac-(δAc5 a)6 -NHMe, the mixed H16/14 helical structure was found to be most preferred in chloroform (populated at 68 %), whereas the H14 helical structure was the most dominant conformation in water (populated at 60 %). The stability of the former was ascribed to the intrinsic conformational energy, whereas the solvation free energy was crucial to stabilize the latter. Pyrrolidine-substituted analogues of the hexameric Ac-(δAc5 a)6 -NHMe, with adjacent amine diads that are almost exactly one turn apart with two nitrogen atoms separated by ca. 5.5 Å, adopted helical structures. They are potential catalysts in nonpolar and polar solvents as they have similar structures to a helical 1 : 2 α:β-heptapeptide that exhibited good catalytic performance in the crossed aldol condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Sook Park
- Department of Nursing, Cheju Halla University, Cheju, 63092, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
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Yoshimura T, Umeda Y, Takahashi R, Matsuo JI. Development of Nitrolactonization Mediated by Iron(III) Nitrate Nonahydrate. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:1220-1225. [PMID: 33268654 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The nitrolactonization of alkenyl carboxylic acids mediated by Fe(NO3)3·9H2O has been developed. Nitrolactones were obtained in up to 93% yield by treatment of alkenyl carboxylic acids with Fe(NO3)3·9H2O. Mechanistic studies disclosed that the reaction proceeded through a radical intermediate generated from addition of NO2 to alkenyl carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Yoshimura
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Yuki Umeda
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Risako Takahashi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Jun-Ichi Matsuo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
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Song G, Jeong KS. Aromatic Helical Foldamers as Nucleophilic Catalysts for the Regioselective Acetylation of Octyl β-d-Glucopyranoside. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2475-2481. [PMID: 33206472 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two indolocarbazole-naphthyridine foldamers 2 and 3 that fold into helical conformations were prepared. The 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) moiety was introduced at one end of the foldamer strands to develop foldamer-based catalysts for the site-selective acylation of polyols. These foldamers adopt helical conformations containing internal cavities capable of binding octyl β-d-glucopyranoside. The association constants were determined to be 1.9 (±0.1)×105 M-1 for 2 and 2.1 (±0.1)×105 M-1 for 3 in CH2 Cl2 at 25 °C. In the presence of DMAP, 2 or 3 as the catalysts, octyl β-d-glucopyranoside was subjected to acetylation under identical reaction conditions. The DMAP-catalysed reaction afforded the random distribution of the monoacetylates (6-OAc : 4-OAc : 3-OAc : 2-OAc=33 : 24 : 41 : 2). In contrast, foldamers 2 and 3 led to the predominant formation of 6-OAc. The relative distributions were estimated to be 6-OAc : 4-OAc : 3-OAc=88 : 4 : 6 : ∼0 with 2 and 6-OAc : 4-OAc : 3-OAc : 2-OAc=90 : 3 : 6 : 1 with 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geunmoo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebediah C. Girvin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Samuel H. Gellman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Mukherjee S, Biswas B. Organo‐Cascade Catalysis: Application of Merged Iminium‐Enamine Activation Technique and Related Cascade Reactivities. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirshendu Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry Hooghly Mohsin Govt. College Hooghly 712101, West Bengal India
| | - Bhaskar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry University of North Bengal Siliguri Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal India
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10
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Bonnel C, Legrand B, Simon M, Clavié M, Masnou A, Jumas-Bilak E, Kang YK, Licznar-Fajardo P, Maillard LT, Masurier N. Tailoring the Physicochemical Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides onto a Thiazole-Based γ-Peptide Foldamer. J Med Chem 2020; 63:9168-9180. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Bonnel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, UM, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, UM, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Matthieu Simon
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, UM, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Margaux Clavié
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, UM, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Agnès Masnou
- Laboratoire HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, CNRS, UM, IRD, Département d’Hygiène Hospitalière−CHU Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Estelle Jumas-Bilak
- Laboratoire HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, CNRS, UM, IRD, Département d’Hygiène Hospitalière−CHU Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Young Kee Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Patricia Licznar-Fajardo
- Laboratoire HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, CNRS, UM, IRD, Département d’Hygiène Hospitalière−CHU Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Ludovic T. Maillard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, UM, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS, UM, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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11
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Abstract
Enzymes are predominantly proteins able to effectively and selectively catalyze highly complex biochemical reactions in mild reaction conditions. Nevertheless, they are limited to the arsenal of reactions that have emerged during natural evolution in compliance with their intrinsic nature, three-dimensional structures and dynamics. They optimally work in physiological conditions for a limited range of reactions, and thus exhibit a low tolerance for solvent and temperature conditions. The de novo design of synthetic highly stable enzymes able to catalyze a broad range of chemical reactions in variable conditions is a great challenge, which requires the development of programmable and finely tunable artificial tools. Interestingly, over the last two decades, chemists developed protein secondary structure mimics to achieve some desirable features of proteins, which are able to interfere with the biological processes. Such non-natural oligomers, so called foldamers, can adopt highly stable and predictable architectures and have extensively demonstrated their attractiveness for widespread applications in fields from biomedical to material science. Foldamer science was more recently considered to provide original solutions to the de novo design of artificial enzymes. This review covers recent developments related to peptidomimetic foldamers with catalytic properties and the principles that have guided their design.
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12
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Milbeo P, Simon M, Didierjean C, Wenger E, Aubert E, Martinez J, Amblard M, Calmès M, Legrand B. A bicyclic unit reversal to stabilize the 12/14-helix in mixed homochiral oligoureas. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7921-7924. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02902e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of highly constrained building blocks into oligoureas: a simple bicycle reversal leads to tunable 12/14-helices formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Milbeo
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- IBMM
- University of Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Matthieu Simon
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- IBMM
- University of Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | | | | | | | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- IBMM
- University of Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Muriel Amblard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- IBMM
- University of Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Monique Calmès
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- IBMM
- University of Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- IBMM
- University of Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
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Fanelli R, Berta D, Földes T, Rosta E, Atkinson RA, Hofmann HJ, Shankland K, Cobb AJA. Organocatalytic Access to a cis-Cyclopentyl-γ-amino Acid: An Intriguing Model of Selectivity and Formation of a Stable 10/12-Helix from the Corresponding γ/α-Peptide. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:1382-1393. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Fanelli
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Dénes Berta
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Tamás Földes
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Robert Andrew Atkinson
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics and Centre for Biomolecular Spectroscopy, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, U.K
| | - Hans-Jörg Hofmann
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Leipzig, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kenneth Shankland
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, Berks RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Alexander J. A. Cobb
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
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