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Chang X, Xu Y, von Delius M. Recent advances in supramolecular fullerene chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:47-83. [PMID: 37853792 PMCID: PMC10759306 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00937d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene chemistry has come a long way since 1990, when the first bulk production of C60 was reported. In the past decade, progress in supramolecular chemistry has opened some remarkable and previously unexpected opportunities regarding the selective (multiple) functionalization of fullerenes and their (self)assembly into larger structures and frameworks. The purpose of this review article is to provide a comprehensive overview of these recent developments. We describe how macrocycles and cages that bind strongly to C60 can be used to block undesired addition patterns and thus allow the selective preparation of single-isomer addition products. We also discuss how the emergence of highly shape-persistent macrocycles has opened opportunities for the study of photoactive fullerene dyads and triads as well as the preparation of mechanically interlocked compounds. The preparation of two- or three-dimensional fullerene materials is another research area that has seen remarkable progress over the past few years. Due to the rapidly decreasing price of C60 and C70, we believe that these achievements will translate into all fields where fullerenes have traditionally (third-generation solar cells) and more recently been applied (catalysis, spintronics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
| | - Youzhi Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Ulm 89081, Germany.
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Sturm L, Becker M, van Leusen J, Oppel I. Designing Supramolecular Triaminoguanidine‐Based Cobalt(II) Complexes Inspired by Their Zinc(II) Analogs. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sturm
- RWTH Aachen University: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen Institute of Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Marcus Becker
- RWTH Aachen University: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen Institute of Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Jan van Leusen
- RWTH Aachen University: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen Institute of Inorganic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Iris Oppel
- RWTH Aachen Institut für Anorganische Chemie Landoltweg 1 - Raum 116 52056 Aachen GERMANY
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Virovets AV, Peresypkina E, Scheer M. Structural Chemistry of Giant Metal Based Supramolecules. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14485-14554. [PMID: 34705437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The review presents a bird-eye view on the state of research in the field of giant nonbiological discrete metal complexes and ions of nanometer size, which are structurally characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction, using the crystal structure as a common key feature. The discussion is focused on the main structural features of the metal clusters, the clusters containing compact metal oxide/hydroxide/chalcogenide core, ligand-based metal-organic cages, and supramolecules as well as on the aspects related to the packing of the molecules or ions in the crystal and the methodological aspects of the single-crystal neutron and X-ray diffraction of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Virovets
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eugenia Peresypkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Sturm L, Göb CR, Oppel IM. Anion Directed Selective Synthesis of Supramolecular Metallocycles and Related Coordination Dimers. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202001091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sturm
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Christian R. Göb
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Iris M. Oppel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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Göb CR, Ehnbom A, Sturm L, Tobe Y, Oppel IM. Supramolecular Metallacycles and Their Binding of Fullerenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:3609-3613. [PMID: 31833098 PMCID: PMC7155124 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new triaminoguanidinium-based ligand with three tris-chelating [NNO]-binding pockets and C3 symmetry is described. The reaction of tris-(2-pyridinylene-N-oxide)triaminoguanidinium salts with zinc(II) formate leads to the formation of cyclic supramolecular coordination compounds which in solution bind fullerenes in their spherical cavities. The rapid encapsulation of C60 can be observed by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction and is verified using computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R. Göb
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Andreas Ehnbom
- Department of ChemistryTexas A&M UniversityP.O. Box 30012College StationTX77843-3012USA
| | - Lisa Sturm
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - Yoshito Tobe
- Division of Frontier Materials ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaOsaka560-8531Japan
| | - Iris M. Oppel
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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Zhan SZ, Li JH, Zhang GH, Li MD, Sun S, Zheng J, Ning GH, Li M, Kuang DB, Wang XD, Li D. Coordination disk-type nano-Saturn complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3325-3328. [PMID: 32083264 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00532k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first coordination disk-type nano-Saturn complexes, [Cu10(Mim)10]⊃C60 and [Cu10(Mim)10]⊃C70 (Mim = 2-methylimidazolate), were assembled under one-pot solvothermal conditions. The highest number of 30 C-Hπ interactions between the [Cu10(Mim)10] disk and the C60/C70 surfaces drives the formation of the nano-Saturns. The calculated interaction energy is much larger than that of most of the reported disk-type nano-Saturns. Different photoinduced charge/energy transfer mechanisms are present for both nano-Saturn systems to quench the intrinsic luminescence of the [Cu10(Mim)10] disk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ze Zhan
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China. and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.
| | - Guo-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.
| | - Ming-De Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.
| | - Ji Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China.
| | - Guo-Hong Ning
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China.
| | - Mian Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.
| | - Dai-Bin Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China.
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