1
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He M, Piscelli BA, Cormanich RA, O’Hagan D. Conformational Analysis Explores the Role of Electrostatic Nonclassical CF···HC Hydrogen Bonding Interactions in Selectively Halogenated Cyclohexanes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4009-4018. [PMID: 38441063 PMCID: PMC10949234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The conformational equilibria of selectively halogenated cyclohexanes are explored both experimentally (VT-NMR) for 1,1,4,-trifluorocyclohexane 7 and by computational analysis (M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level), with the latter approach extending to a wider range of more highly fluorinated cyclohexanes. Perhaps unexpectedly, 7ax is preferred over the 7eq conformation by ΔG = 1.06 kcal mol-1, contradicting the accepted norm for substituents on cyclohexanes. The axial preference is stronger again in 1,1,3,3,4,5,5,-heptafluorocyclohexane 9 (ΔG = 2.73 kcal mol-1) as the CF2 groups further polarize the isolated CH2 hydrogens. Theoretical decomposition of electrostatic and hyperconjugative effects by natural bond orbital analysis indicated that nonclassical hydrogen bonding (NCHB) between the C-4 fluorine and the diaxial hydrogens at C-2 and C-6 in cyclohexane 7 and 9 largely accounts for the observed bias. The study extended to changing fluorine (F) for chlorine (Cl) and bromine (Br) at the pseudoanomeric position in the cyclohexanes. Although these halogens do not become involved in NCHBs, they polarize the geminal -CHX- hydrogen at the pseudoanomeric position to a greater extent than fluorine, and consequent electrostatic interactions influence conformer stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan He
- School
of Chemistry, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno A. Piscelli
- Instituto
de Química, Universidade Estadual
de Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. Cormanich
- Instituto
de Química, Universidade Estadual
de Campinas (UNICAMP), Monteiro Lobato Street, Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
| | - David O’Hagan
- School
of Chemistry, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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2
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Rasheed F, Shi J, Zeng T, Krishna Y, Fishlock D, Orellana A. Soft Fluorination of 4-Alkylpyridines. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 38029416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the mild and selective mono- and difluorination of 4-alkylpyridines. The process involves soft-dearomatization of pyridines to the corresponding alkylidene dihydropyridines and treatment with Selectfluor. The reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups, including those bearing acidic and weak C-H bonds. In addition, selective fluorination of 4-alkylpyridines attached to 2-alkylpyridines and 2-alkylpyrimidines can be achieved in good yields, but a 4-alkylpyridine tethered to a 4-alkylpyrimidine is fluorinated at both heterobenzylic positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yarkali Krishna
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Dan Fishlock
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, pCMC Drug Substance, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arturo Orellana
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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3
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Filipski KJ, Edmonds DJ, Garnsey MR, Smaltz DJ, Coffman K, Futatsugi K, Lee J, O’Neil SV, Wright A, Nason D, Gosset JR, Orozco CC, Blackler D, Fakhoury G, Gutierrez JA, Perez S, Ross T, Stock I, Tesz G, Dullea R. Design of Next-Generation DGAT2 Inhibitor PF-07202954 with Longer Predicted Half-Life. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1427-1433. [PMID: 37849537 PMCID: PMC10577701 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) inhibitors have been shown to lower liver triglyceride content and are being explored clinically as a treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This work details efforts to find an extended-half-life DGAT2 inhibitor. A basic moiety was added to a known inhibitor template, and the basicity and lipophilicity were fine-tuned by the addition of electrophilic fluorines. A weakly basic profile was required to find an appropriate balance of potency, clearance, and permeability. This work culminated in the discovery of PF-07202954 (12), a weakly basic DGAT2 inhibitor that has advanced to clinical studies. This molecule displays a higher volume of distribution and longer half-life in preclinical species, in keeping with its physicochemical profile, and lowers liver triglyceride content in a Western-diet-fed rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Filipski
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David J. Edmonds
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michelle R. Garnsey
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel J. Smaltz
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Karen Coffman
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kentaro Futatsugi
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jack Lee
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven V. O’Neil
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ann Wright
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Deane Nason
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - James R. Gosset
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Christine C. Orozco
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Dan Blackler
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Guila Fakhoury
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jemy A. Gutierrez
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sylvie Perez
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Trenton Ross
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ingrid Stock
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 558 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Gregory Tesz
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert Dullea
- Pfizer
Research & Development, 1 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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4
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Melnykov KP, Nazar K, Smyrnov O, Skreminskyi A, Pavlenko S, Klymenko-Ulianov O, Shishkina S, Volochnyuk DM, Grygorenko OO. Mono- and Difluorinated Saturated Heterocyclic Amines for Drug Discovery: Systematic Study of Their Physicochemical Properties. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301383. [PMID: 37318940 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of physicochemical properties (pKa , LogP, and intrinsic microsomal clearance) within the series of mono- and difluorinated azetidine, pyrrolidine, and piperidine derivatives was performed. While the number of fluorine atoms and their distance to the protonation center were the major factors defining the compound's basicity, both pKa and LogP values were affected considerably by the conformational preferences of the corresponding derivatives. For example, features of "Janus face" (facially polarized) cyclic compounds (i. e., unusually high hydrophilicity) were identified for cis-3,5-difluoropiperidine, preferring a diaxial conformation. Intrinsic microsomal clearance measurements demonstrated high metabolic stability of the compounds studied (with a single exception of the 3,3-difluoroazetidine derivative). According to pKa - LogP plots, the title compounds provide a valuable extension of the fluorine-containing (e. g., fluoroalkyl-substituted) saturated heterocyclic amine series as building blocks for rational optimization studies in early drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostiantyn P Melnykov
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Kostiantyn Nazar
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Smyrnov
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | | | - Serhii Pavlenko
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
| | | | - Svitlana Shishkina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademik Kukhar Street 5, Kyїv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademik Kukhar Street 5, Kyїv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
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5
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Boudreau MW, Mulligan MP, Shapiro DJ, Fan TM, Hergenrother PJ. Activators of the Anticipatory Unfolded Protein Response with Enhanced Selectivity for Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3894-3912. [PMID: 35080871 PMCID: PMC9067622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 75% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor alpha-positive (ERα+), and targeting ERα directly with ERα antagonists/degraders or indirectly with aromatase inhibitors is a successful therapeutic strategy. However, such treatments are rarely curative and development of resistance is universal. We recently reported ErSO, a compound that induces ERα-dependent cancer cell death through a mechanism distinct from clinically approved ERα drugs, via hyperactivation of the anticipatory unfolded protein response. ErSO has remarkable tumor-eradicative activity in multiple ERα+ tumor models. While ErSO has promise as a new drug, it has effects on ERα-negative (ERα-) cells in certain contexts. Herein, we construct modified versions of ErSO and identify variants with enhanced differential activity between ERα+ and ERα- cells. We report ErSO-DFP, a compound that maintains antitumor efficacy, has enhanced selectivity for ERα+ cancer cells, and is well tolerated in rodents. ErSO-DFP and related compounds represent an intriguing new class for the treatment of ERα+ cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, United States,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic, Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael P. Mulligan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David J. Shapiro
- Cancer Center at Illinois and Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802, United States
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry and Cancer, Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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6
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Serafino A, Chiminelli M, Balestri D, Marchiò L, Bigi F, Maggi RM, Malacria M, Maestri G. Dimerizing cascades of enallenamides reveal the visible-light-promoted activation of cumulated C-C double bonds. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2632-2639. [PMID: 35340858 PMCID: PMC8890112 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06719b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The visible-light-promoted activation of conjugated C-C double bonds is well developed, while that of cumulated systems is underexplored. We present the feasibility of this challenging approach. The localization of a triplet on an allenamide arm can be favored over that on a conjugated alkene. Allenamides with an arylacryloyl arm dimerize at room temperature in the presence of visible light and an iridium(iii) photocatalyst. Two orthogonal polycyclizations took place and their outcome is entirely dictated by the substitution of the alkene partner. Both cascades afford complex molecular architectures with high selectivity. Products form through the ordered rearrangement of twelve π electrons, providing a [3.2.0] bicyclic unit tethered to a fused tricycle, whose formation included an aryl C-H functionalization step, using disubstituted alkenes. The outcome was reverted with trisubstituted ones, which gave rise to taxane-like bridged tricycles that had two six-membered lactams flanking a cyclooctane ring, which was established through the creation of four alternate C-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Serafino
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Maurizio Chiminelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Davide Balestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Franca Bigi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy .,IMEM-CNR Parco Area Delle Scienze 37/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Rai-Mondo Maggi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Max Malacria
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Science and Engineering, IPCM (UMR CNRS 8232) 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma Parco Area Delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
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7
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Yu C, Piscelli BA, Maharik NA, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Cormanich RA, O'Hagan D. Unexpected triaxial preferences in some all- syn 1,3,5-trifluorocyclohexanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12855-12858. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05058g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Theory and solution NMR indicate that all-syn 1,3,5-trifluorocyclohexane adopts the expected tri-equatorial conformation, however in the solid state the more polar triaxial conformation is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihang Yu
- University of St Andrews, School of Chemistry, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Bruno A. Piscelli
- University of Campinas, Chemistry Institute, Monteiro Lobato Street, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Nawaf Al Maharik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - David B. Cordes
- University of St Andrews, School of Chemistry, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- University of St Andrews, School of Chemistry, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Rodrigo A. Cormanich
- University of Campinas, Chemistry Institute, Monteiro Lobato Street, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - David O'Hagan
- University of St Andrews, School of Chemistry, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
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8
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Lessard O, Lainé D, Fecteau CÉ, Johnson PA, Giguère D. Fundamental curiosity of multivicinal inter-halide stereocenters. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01433e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective strategy allowed the striking impact of a single halogen on the physical properties of inter-halide alkane units to be unravelled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Lessard
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V0A6 Canada
| | - Danny Lainé
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V0A6 Canada
| | - Charles-Émile Fecteau
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V0A6 Canada
| | - Paul A. Johnson
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V0A6 Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de chimie, Université Laval, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, G1V0A6 Canada
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9
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Fernandes DDS, Lago ADF, Thomasi SS, Freitas MP. Conformational analysis of halobenzaldehydes: A theoretical and spectroscopic study. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Soor HS, Diaz DB, Burton KI, Yudin AK. Synthesis of Fluorinated Aminoalkylboronic Acids from Amphoteric α‐Boryl Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet S. Soor
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Diego B. Diaz
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Katherine I. Burton
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Andrei K. Yudin
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
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11
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Soor HS, Diaz DB, Burton KI, Yudin AK. Synthesis of Fluorinated Aminoalkylboronic Acids from Amphoteric α-Boryl Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16366-16371. [PMID: 33977627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our ongoing search for underdeveloped functional group combinations has brought to light α-fluorinated aminoalkylboronic acids, a new class of molecules featuring the B-CF linkage. These compounds can now be generated from secondary amines and α-boryl aldehydes through electrophilic fluorination of boryl enamines or enamides. Fluorinated β-aminoalkylboronic acids show no signs of degradation under ambient conditions. We present evidence for the involvement of chair-like motifs, favored over the acyclic forms by up to 1.7±0.1 kcal mol-1 in water and held together by an amine-boronate hydrogen bond. Fluorinated β-aminoalkylboronic acids are stable over a wide pH range and are characterized by a pKa of 3.4, which is the lowest of any alkylboronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet S Soor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Diego B Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Katherine I Burton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
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12
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Moock D, Wagener T, Hu T, Gallagher T, Glorius F. Enantio- and Diastereoselective, Complete Hydrogenation of Benzofurans by Cascade Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13677-13681. [PMID: 33844391 PMCID: PMC8251578 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report an enantio- and diastereoselective, complete hydrogenation of multiply substituted benzofurans in a one-pot cascade catalysis. The developed protocol facilitates the controlled installation of up to six new defined stereocenters and produces architecturally complex octahydrobenzofurans, prevalent in many bioactive molecules. A unique match of a chiral homogeneous ruthenium-N-heterocyclic carbene complex and an in situ activated rhodium catalyst from a complex precursor act in sequence to enable the presented process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moock
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Tobias Wagener
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Tianjiao Hu
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Timothy Gallagher
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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13
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Parker PD, Hou X, Dong VM. Reducing Challenges in Organic Synthesis with Stereoselective Hydrogenation and Tandem Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6724-6745. [PMID: 33891819 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tandem catalysis enables the rapid construction of complex architectures from simple building blocks. This Perspective shares our interest in combining stereoselective hydrogenation with transformations such as isomerization, oxidation, and epimerization to solve diverse challenges. We highlight the use of tandem hydrogenation for preparing complex natural products from simple prochiral building blocks and present tandem catalysis involving transfer hydrogenation and dynamic kinetic resolution. Finally, we underline recent breakthroughs and opportunities for asymmetric hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Parker
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Xintong Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Vy M Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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14
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Moock D, Wagener T, Hu T, Gallagher T, Glorius F. Enantio‐ und diastereoselektive, vollständige Hydrierung von Benzofuranen mittels Kaskadenkatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Moock
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tobias Wagener
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Tianjiao Hu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Timothy Gallagher
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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15
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Mondal R, Agbaria M, Nairoukh Z. Fluorinated Rings: Conformation and Application. Chemistry 2021; 27:7193-7213. [PMID: 33512034 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of fluorine atoms into molecules and materials across many fields of academic and industrial research is now commonplace, owing to their unique properties. A particularly interesting feature is the impact of fluorine substitution on the relative orientation of a C-F bond when incorporated into organic molecules. In this Review, we will be discussing the conformational behavior of fluorinated aliphatic carbo- and heterocyclic systems. The conformational preference of each system is associated with various interactions introduced by fluorine substitution such as charge-dipole, dipole-dipole, and hyperconjugative interactions. The contribution of each interaction on the stabilization of the fluorinated alicyclic system, which manifests itself in low conformations, will be discussed in detail. The novelty of this feature will be demonstrated by presenting the most recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Mondal
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Mohamed Agbaria
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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16
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Sosa-Gil C, Babiano R, Cintas P, Light ME, Palacios JC. On the anomeric preference of the isothiocyanato group. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00852h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Anomeric effect of the isothiocyanato group has been quantified for the first time in xylopyranose triacetates; both anomers being synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Sosa-Gil
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
| | - Reyes Babiano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
| | - Mark E. Light
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences
- The University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Juan C. Palacios
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica
- Facultad de Ciencias, and IACYS-Unidad de Química Verde y Desarrollo Sostenible
- Universidad de Extremadura
- E-06006 Badajoz
- Spain
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17
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Wang Q, Lübcke M, Biosca M, Hedberg M, Eriksson L, Himo F, Szabó KJ. Enantioselective Construction of Tertiary Fluoride Stereocenters by Organocatalytic Fluorocyclization. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20048-20057. [PMID: 33191747 PMCID: PMC7735711 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
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1,1-Disubstituted styrenes with internal
oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles
undergo oxidative fluorocyclization reactions with in situ generated chiral iodine(III)-catalysts. The resulting fluorinated
tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines contain a tertiary carbon–fluorine
stereocenter. Application of a new 1-naphthyllactic acid-based iodine(III)-catalyst
allows the control of tertiary carbon–fluorine stereocenters
with up to 96% ee. Density functional theory calculations are performed
to investigate the details of the mechanism and the factors governing
the stereoselectivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marvin Lübcke
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Biosca
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Hedberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Eriksson
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fahmi Himo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kálmán J Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Gelis C, Heusler A, Nairoukh Z, Glorius F. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Arenes and Heteroarenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:14090-14094. [PMID: 32519788 PMCID: PMC7702167 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transfer hydrogenation reactions are of great interest to reduce diverse molecules under mild reaction conditions. To date, this type of reaction has only been successfully applied to alkenes, alkynes and polarized unsaturated compounds such as ketones, imines, pyridines, etc. The reduction of benzene derivatives by transfer hydrogenation has never been described, which is likely due to the high energy barrier required to dearomatize these compounds. In this context, we have developed a catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction for the reduction of benzene derivatives and heteroarenes to form complex 3-dimensional scaffolds bearing various functional groups at room temperature without needing compressed hydrogen gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Gelis
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Arne Heusler
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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19
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Wagener T, Heusler A, Nairoukh Z, Bergander K, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Accessing (Multi)Fluorinated Piperidines Using Heterogeneous Hydrogenation. ACS Catal 2020; 10:12052-12057. [PMID: 33859866 PMCID: PMC8040022 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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Fluorinated
piperidines are desirable motifs for pharmaceutical
and agrochemical research. Nevertheless, general synthetic access
remains out of reach. Herein, we describe a simple and robust cis-selective hydrogenation of abundant and cheap fluoropyridines
to yield a broad scope of (multi)fluorinated piperidines. This protocol
enables the chemoselective reduction of fluoropyridines while tolerating
other (hetero)aromatic systems using a commercially available heterogenous
catalyst. Fluorinated derivatives of important drug compounds are
prepared, and a straightforward strategy for the synthesis of enantioenriched
fluorinated piperidines is disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wagener
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Arne Heusler
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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20
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Nairoukh Z, Strieth-Kalthoff F, Bergander K, Glorius F. Understanding the Conformational Behavior of Fluorinated Piperidines: The Origin of the Axial-F Preference. Chemistry 2020; 26:6141-6146. [PMID: 32270524 PMCID: PMC7317880 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gaining an understanding of the conformational behavior of fluorinated compounds would allow for expansion of the current molecular design toolbox. In order to facilitate drug discovery efforts, a systematic survey of a series of diversely substituted and protected fluorinated piperidine derivatives has been carried out using NMR spectroscopy. Computational investigations reveal that, in addition to established delocalization forces such as charge–dipole interactions and hyperconjugation, solvation and solvent polarity play a major role. This work codifies a new design principle for conformationally rigid molecular scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zackaria Nairoukh
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Felix Strieth-Kalthoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Bergander
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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