1
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Bousselat A, Rouden J, Blanchet J. From Building Blocks to Catalysts: The Underinvestigated Potential of Boronic Acid Esters. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11009-11013. [PMID: 38995625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Lewis acids are crucial in chemistry, with applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. In main-group chemistry, they offer alternatives to transition metals, prompting our study of halogenated boronic acid esters (BAEs). Although BAEs are well-known, their catalytic potential has been overlooked. Our investigation found their Lewis acidity superior to that of boron trifluoride and comparable to that of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. Additionally, their catalysis of the Sakurai allylation of aldehydes has been documented, paving the way for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Bousselat
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN et CNRS, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jacques Rouden
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN et CNRS, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Blanchet
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN et CNRS, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
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2
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Sporzyński A, Adamczyk-Woźniak A, Zarzeczańska D, Gozdalik JT, Ramotowska P, Abramczyk W. Acidity Constants of Boronic Acids as Simply as Possible: Experimental, Correlations, and Prediction. Molecules 2024; 29:2713. [PMID: 38893585 PMCID: PMC11173951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The wide use of boronic compounds, especially boronic acids and benzoxaboroles, in virtually all fields of chemistry is related to their specific properties. The most important of them are the ability to form cyclic esters with diols and the complexation of anions. In both cases, the equilibrium of the reaction depends mainly on the acidity of the compounds, although other factors must also be taken into account. Quantification of the acidity (pKa value) is a fundamental factor considered when designing new compounds of practical importance. The aim of the current work was to collect available values of the acidity constants of monosubstituted phenylboronic acids, critically evaluate these data, and supplement the database with data for missing compounds. Measurements were made using various methods, as a result of which a fast and reliable method for determining the pKa of boronic compounds was selected. For an extensive database of monosubstituted phenylboronic acids, their correlation with their Brønsted analogues-namely carboxylic acids-was examined. Compounds with ortho substituents do not show any correlation, which is due to the different natures of both types of acids. Nonetheless, both meta- and para-substituted compounds show excellent correlation. From a practical point of view, acidity constants are best determined from the Hammett equation. Computational approaches for determining acidity constants were also analyzed. In general, the reported calculated values are not compatible with experimental ones, providing comparable results only for selected groups of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Sporzyński
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 2, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Adamczyk-Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.A.-W.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Dorota Zarzeczańska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Jan T. Gozdalik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (A.A.-W.); (J.T.G.)
| | - Paulina Ramotowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (D.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Wiktoria Abramczyk
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 2, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
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3
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Longwitz L, Leveson-Gower RB, Rozeboom HJ, Thunnissen AMWH, Roelfes G. Boron catalysis in a designer enzyme. Nature 2024; 629:824-829. [PMID: 38720081 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes play an increasingly important role in improving the benignity and efficiency of chemical production, yet the diversity of their applications lags heavily behind chemical catalysts as a result of the relatively narrow range of reaction mechanisms of enzymes. The creation of enzymes containing non-biological functionalities facilitates reaction mechanisms outside nature's canon and paves the way towards fully programmable biocatalysis1-3. Here we present a completely genetically encoded boronic-acid-containing designer enzyme with organocatalytic reactivity not achievable with natural or engineered biocatalysts4,5. This boron enzyme catalyses the kinetic resolution of hydroxyketones by oxime formation, in which crucial interactions with the protein scaffold assist in the catalysis. A directed evolution campaign led to a variant with natural-enzyme-like enantioselectivities for several different substrates. The unique activation mode of the boron enzyme was confirmed using X-ray crystallography, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and 11B NMR spectroscopy. Our study demonstrates that genetic-code expansion can be used to create evolvable enantioselective enzymes that rely on xenobiotic catalytic moieties such as boronic acids and access reaction mechanisms not reachable through catalytic promiscuity of natural or engineered enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Longwitz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Henriëtte J Rozeboom
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andy-Mark W H Thunnissen
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Roelfes
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Desai SP, Yatzoglou G, Turner JA, Taylor MS. Boronic Acid-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective N-Glycosylations of Purines and Other Azole Heterocycles: Access to Nucleoside Analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4973-4984. [PMID: 38330907 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In the presence of an arylboronic acid catalyst, azole-type heterocycles, including purines, tetrazoles, triazoles, indazoles, and benzo-fused congeners, undergo regio- and stereoselective N-glycosylations with furanosyl and pyranosyl trichloroacetimidate donors. The protocol, which does not require stoichiometric activators, specialized leaving groups, or drying agents, provides access to nucleoside analogues and enables late-stage N-glycosylation of azole-containing pharmaceutical agents. A mechanism involving simultaneous activation of the glycosyl donor and acceptor by the organoboron catalyst has been proposed, supported by kinetic analysis and computational modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrey P Desai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Giorgos Yatzoglou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Julia A Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mark S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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5
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Abstract
Organoboron acids are stable, organic-soluble Lewis acids with potential application as catalysts for a wide variety of chemical reactions. In this review, we summarize the utility of boronic and borinic acids, as well as boric acid, as catalysts for organic transformations. Typically, the catalytic processes exploit the Lewis acidity of trivalent boron, enabling the reversible formation of a covalent bond with oxygen. Our focus is on recent developments in the catalysis of dehydration, carbonyl condensation, acylation, alkylation, and cycloaddition reactions. We conclude that organoboron acids have a highly favorable prospectus as the source of new catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Graham
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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6
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Meyrelles R, Schupp M, Maryasin B. Mechanistic Study on Selenium- and Sulfur-Mediated Isomerization of Hydroxamic Acids. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302386. [PMID: 37769009 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
An in-depth computational study reveals the intriguing mechanism of the recently reported isomerization of hydroxamic acids into para-aminophenols catalyzed by phenylselenyl bromide under mild conditions. The computations not only align with the reported experimental data, effectively explaining observed phenomena such as para-selectivity but also shed light on crucial aspects of the reaction mechanism that establish limitations on the scope of the studied rearrangement. Additionally, a joint theoretical/experimental study was performed to examine the potency of the phenylsulfenyl bromide to mediate the reaction under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Meyrelles
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Schupp
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Rygus JPG, Hall DG. Direct nucleophilic and electrophilic activation of alcohols using a unified boron-based organocatalyst scaffold. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2563. [PMID: 37142592 PMCID: PMC10160031 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organocatalytic strategies for the direct activation of hydroxy-containing compounds have paled in comparison to those applicable to carbonyl compounds. To this end, boronic acids have emerged as valuable catalysts for the functionalization of hydroxy groups in a mild and selective fashion. Distinct modes of activation in boronic acid-catalyzed transformations are often accomplished by vastly different catalytic species, complicating the design of broadly applicable catalyst classes. Herein, we report the use of benzoxazaborine as a general scaffold for the development of structurally related yet mechanistically divergent catalysts for the direct nucleophilic and electrophilic activation of alcohols under ambient conditions. The utility of these catalysts is demonstrated in the monophosphorylation of vicinal diols and the reductive deoxygenation of benzylic alcohols and ketones respectively. Mechanistic studies of both processes reveal the contrasting nature of key tetravalent boron intermediates in the two catalytic manifolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P G Rygus
- Department of Chemistry, Centennial Center for Interdisciplinary Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Dennis G Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Centennial Center for Interdisciplinary Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
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8
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Hu X, Zhao X, Lv X, Wu YB, Bu Y, Lu G. Ab Initio Metadynamics Simulations of Hexafluoroisopropanol Solvent Effects: Synergistic Role of Solvent H-Bonding Networks and Solvent-Solute C-H/π Interactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203879. [PMID: 36575142 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The solvent effects in Friedel-Crafts cycloalkylation of epoxides and Cope rearrangement of aldimines were investigated by using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Explicit molecular treatments were applied for both reactants and solvents. The reaction mechanisms were elucidated via free energy calculations based on metadynamics simulations. The results reveal that both reactions proceed in a concerted fashion. Key solvent-substrate interactions are identified from the structures of transition states with explicit solvent molecules. The remarkable promotion effect of hexafluoroisopropanol solvent is ascribed to the synergistic effect of H-bonding networks and C-H/π interactions with substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiangying Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Wu
- Key Lab for Materials of Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, and Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
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9
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Das TK, Rodriguez Treviño AM, Pandiri S, Irvankoski S, Siito-Nen JH, Rodriguez SM, Yousufuddin M, Kürti L. Catalyst-Free Transfer Hydrogenation of Activated Alkenes Exploiting Isopropanol as the Sole and Traceless Reductant. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2023; 25:746-754. [PMID: 37637778 PMCID: PMC10457099 DOI: 10.1039/d2gc04315g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Both metal-catalyzed and organocatalytic transfer hydrogenation reactions are widely employed for the reduction of C=O and C=N bonds. However, selective transfer hydrogenation reactions of C=C bonds remain challenging. Therefore, the chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of olefins under mild conditions and in the absence of metal catalysts, using readily available and inexpensive reducing agents (i.e. primary and secondary alcohols), will mark a significant advancement towards the development of green transfer hydrogenation strategies. Described herein is an unconventional catalyst-free transfer hydrogenation reaction of activated alkenes using isopropanol as an eco-friendly reductant and solvent. The reaction gives convenient synthetic access to a wide range of substituted malonic acid half oxyesters (SMAHOs) in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic investigations point towards an unprecedented hydrogen bond-assisted transfer hydrogenation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamal Kanti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | - Sanjay Pandiri
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sini Irvankoski
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Juha H Siito-Nen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sara M Rodriguez
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of North Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75241, USA
| | - Muhammed Yousufuddin
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of North Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75241, USA
| | - László Kürti
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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10
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Motiwala HF, Armaly AM, Cacioppo JG, Coombs TC, Koehn KRK, Norwood VM, Aubé J. HFIP in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12544-12747. [PMID: 35848353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and engage in a range of other intermolecular interactions. The use of this solvent has exponentially increased in the past decade and has become a solvent of choice in some areas, such as C-H functionalization chemistry. In this review, following a brief history of HFIP in organic synthesis and an overview of its physical properties, literature examples of organic reactions using HFIP as a solvent or an additive are presented, emphasizing the effect of solvent of each reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jackson G Cacioppo
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403 United States
| | - Kimberly R K Koehn
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
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11
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Tian FX, Qu J. Studies on the Origin of the Stabilizing Effects of Fluorinated Alcohols and Weakly Coordinated Fluorine-Containing Anions on Cationic Reaction Intermediates. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1814-1829. [PMID: 35020378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many synthetic methods that use fluorinated alcohols as solvents have been reported, and the fluorinated alcohols have been found to be crucial to the success of these methods. In addition, there have been reports indicating that adding a weakly coordinated fluorine-containing anion, such as BF4-, PF6-, or SbF6-, to fluorinated alcohols can improve yields. The boosting effect of fluorinated alcohols is attributed mainly to hydrogen bond activation. A few studies have suggested that the very polar fluorinated alcohols can stabilize cationic reaction intermediates. However, how they do so and why weakly coordinated fluorine-containing anions improve yields have not been studied in depth. Here, we used quaternary ammonium cations, a quaternary phosphonium cation, and a triaryl-substituted carbocation as models for short-lived cationic intermediates and studied the possible interactions of these cations with fluorinated alcohols and BF4-, PF6-, or SbF6-. On the basis of the results, we propose that the C-F dipoles of fluorinated alcohols and the E-F dipoles (where E is B, P, or Sb) of weakly coordinated fluorine-containing anions stabilized these cations by intermolecular charge-dipole interactions. We deduced that in the same fashion the C-F and E-F dipoles can thermodynamically stabilize cationic reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xian Tian
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Qu
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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12
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Jian J, Hammink R, McKenzie CJ, Bickelhaupt FM, Poater J, Mecinovic J. Probing the Lewis Acidity of Boronic Acids through Interactions with Arene Substituents. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104044. [PMID: 34958482 PMCID: PMC9306523 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Boronic acids are Lewis acids that exist in equilibrium with boronate forms in aqueous solution. Here we experimentally and computationally investigated the Lewis acidity of 2,6‐diarylphenylboronic acids; specially designed phenylboronic acids that possess two flanking aromatic rings with tunable aromatic character. Hammett analysis of 2,6‐diarylphenylboronic acids reveals that their Lewis acidity remains unchanged upon the introduction of EWG/EDG at the distant para position of the flanking aromatic rings. Structural and computational studies demonstrate that polar‐π interactions and solvation effects contribute to the stabilization of boronic acids and boronate forms by aromatic rings. Our physical‐organic chemistry work highlights that boronic acids and boronates can be stabilized by aromatic systems, leading to an important molecular knowledge for rational design and development of boronic acid‐based catalysts and inhibitors of biomedically important proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jian
- University of Southern Denmark: Syddansk Universitet, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DENMARK
| | - Roel Hammink
- Radboud University Nijmegen: Radboud Universiteit, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, NETHERLANDS
| | - Christine J McKenzie
- University of Southern Denmark: Syddansk Universitet, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, DENMARK
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Free University: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Theoretical Chemistry, NETHERLANDS
| | - Jordi Poater
- University of Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Quimica Inorganica & Organica, SPAIN
| | - Jasmin Mecinovic
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, DENMARK
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13
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Zheng SL, Zou YX, Wen Z, Lin JF, Gu LH, Chen L. Y(OTf) 3-catalyzed phosphorylation of 2H-chromene hemiacetals with P(O)-H compounds to 2-phosphorylated 2H-chromenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6812-6816. [PMID: 34297020 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of 2-phosphorylated 2H-chromenes has been accomplished herein via a Y(OTf)3-catalyzed dehydrative coupling of 2H-chromene hemiacetals with P(O)-H compounds. This protocol features low catalyst loading, mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope and easy elaboration of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lu Zheng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
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14
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Ohnishi R, Ohta H, Mori S, Hayashi M. Cationic Dirhodium Complexes Bridged by 2-Phosphinopyridines Having an Exquisitely Positioned Axial Shielding Group: A Molecular Design for Enhancing the Catalytic Activity of the Dirhodium Core. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Ohnishi
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Ohta
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Division of Material Science, Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Minoru Hayashi
- Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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15
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Adhikari P, Bhattacharyya D, Nandi S, Kancharla PK, Das A. Reductive Alkylation of Quinolines to N-Alkyl Tetrahydroquinolines Catalyzed by Arylboronic Acid. Org Lett 2021; 23:2437-2442. [PMID: 33711233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A boronic acid catalyzed one-pot tandem reduction of quinolines to tetrahydroquinolines followed by reductive alkylation by the aldehyde has been demonstrated. This step-economcial synthesis of N-alkyl tetrahydroquinolines has been achieved directly from readily available quinolines, aldehydes, and Hantzsch ester under mild reaction conditions. The mechanistic study demonstrates the unique behavior of organoboron catalysts as both Lewis acids and hydrogen-bond donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Dipanjan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sekhar Nandi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Pavan K Kancharla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Animesh Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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16
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Cera G, Cester Bonati F, Bazzoni M, Secchi A, Arduini A. Calix[6]arene-based Brønsted acids for molecular recognition and catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1546-1554. [PMID: 33503105 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02393k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a versatile trifluoromethylsulfonamide calix[6]arene derivative with Brønsted acid features which can influence both molecular recognition and catalytic application. Indeed, in low polarity media, the trifluoromethyl-containing supramolecular wheel is able to respond to the complexation with charged species as a function of its selective ion-pair recognition. In parallel, the enhanced acidity is the key to promote Michael additions of indoles to nitroalkenes under pseudo-physiological reaction conditions (H2O, 37 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Cera
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Federica Cester Bonati
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Margherita Bazzoni
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Secchi
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Arturo Arduini
- Università di Parma, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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17
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Estopiñá‐Durán S, Taylor JE. Brønsted Acid-Catalysed Dehydrative Substitution Reactions of Alcohols. Chemistry 2021; 27:106-120. [PMID: 32491202 PMCID: PMC7820959 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The direct, catalytic dehydrative substitution of alcohols is a challenging, yet highly desirable process in the development of more sustainable approaches to organic chemistry. This review outlines recent advances in Brønsted acid-catalysed dehydrative substitution reactions for C-C, C-O, C-N and C-S bond formation. The wide range of processes that are now accessible using simple alcohols as the formal electrophile are highlighted, while current limitations and therefore possible future directions for research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Estopiñá‐Durán
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsKY16 9STUK
| | - James E. Taylor
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
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18
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Mills LR, Monteith JJ, Rousseaux SAL. Boronic acid-mediated ring-opening and Ni-catalyzed arylation of 1-arylcyclopropyl tosylates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12538-12541. [PMID: 33030175 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05895e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a protocol for the ring-opening arylation of 1-arylcyclopropyl tosylates, in which boronic acids promote ring-opening and a Ni catalyst facilitates arylation in high regioselectivity. A number of 2-arylated allyl derivatives are synthesized, which are relevant motifs found in biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Reginald Mills
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - John J Monteith
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Sophie A L Rousseaux
- Davenport Research Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
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19
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Estopiñá-Durán S, Mclean EB, Donnelly LJ, Hockin BM, Taylor JE. Arylboronic Acid Catalyzed C-Alkylation and Allylation Reactions Using Benzylic Alcohols. Org Lett 2020; 22:7547-7551. [PMID: 32959662 PMCID: PMC8155392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The arylboronic acid
catalyzed dehydrative C-alkylation
of 1,3-diketones and 1,3-ketoesters using secondary benzylic alcohols
as the electrophile is reported, forming new C–C bonds (19
examples, up to 98% yield) with the release of water as the only byproduct.
The process is also applicable to the allylation of benzylic alcohols
using allyltrimethylsilane as the nucleophile (12 examples, up to
96% yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Estopiñá-Durán
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Euan B Mclean
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Liam J Donnelly
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Bryony M Hockin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - James E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, Somerset BA2 7AY, U.K
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20
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Kohlmeyer C, Schäfer A, Huy PH, Hilt G. Formamide-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitutions: Mechanistic Insight and Rationalization of Catalytic Activity. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Kohlmeyer
- Oldenburg University, Institute of Chemistry, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - André Schäfer
- Saarland University, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Peter H. Huy
- Rostock University, Institute for Chemistry, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3A, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Gerhard Hilt
- Oldenburg University, Institute of Chemistry, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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21
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Pozhydaiev V, Power M, Gandon V, Moran J, Lebœuf D. Exploiting hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11548-11564. [PMID: 32930690 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05194b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a solvent with unique properties that has recently gained attention for promoting a wide range of challenging chemical reactions. It was initially believed that HFIP was almost exclusively involved in the stabilization of cationic intermediates, owing to its high polarity and low nucleophilicity. However, in many cases, the mechanism of action of HFIP appears to be more complex. Recent findings reveal that many Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed transformations conducted in HFIP additionally involve cooperation between the catalyst and HFIP hydrogen-bond clusters, akin to Lewis- or Brønsted acid-assisted-Brønsted acid catalysis. This feature article showcases the remarkable versatility of HFIP in Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions, with an emphasis on examples yielding mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyn Pozhydaiev
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Martin Power
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - David Lebœuf
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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