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Lehtonen A. Metal Complexes of Redox Non-Innocent Ligand N, N'-Bis(3,5-di- tertbutyl-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,2-phenylenediamine. Molecules 2024; 29:1088. [PMID: 38474599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox non-innocent ligands react with metal precursors to form complexes where the oxidation states of the ligand and thus the metal atom cannot be easily defined. A well-known example of such ligands is bis(o-aminophenol) N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tertbutyl-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,2-phenylenediamine, previously developed by the Wieghardt group, which has a potentially tetradentate coordination mode and four distinct protonation states, whereas its electrochemical behavior allows for five distinct oxidation states. This rich redox chemistry, as well as the ability to coordinate to various transition metals, has been utilized in the syntheses of metal complexes with M2L, ML and ML2 stoichiometries, sometimes supported with other ligands. Different oxidation states of the ligand can adopt different coordination modes. For example, in the fully oxidized form, two N donors are sp2-hybridized, which makes the ligand planar, whereas in the fully reduced form, the sp3-hybridized N donors allow the formation of more flexible chelate structures. In general, the metal can be reduced during complexation, but redox processes of the isolated complexes typically occur on the ligand. Combination of this non-innocent ligand with redox-active transition metals may lead to complexes with interesting magnetic, electrochemical, photonic and catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Lehtonen
- Intelligent Materials Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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2
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Liu YH, Li CC, Cheng WK, Li YH, Lin RY, Shieh M. Paramagnetic Semiconducting Se–Mn Clusters: A Mn 3Se 4-Stabilized Selenide Radical Intermediate and Its Aggregated Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20433-20444. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan116325, Republic of China
| | - Cai-Cen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan116325, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Kai Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan116325, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Huei Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan116325, Republic of China
| | - Ru Yan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan116325, Republic of China
| | - Minghuey Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan116325, Republic of China
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Feng Z, Tang S, Su Y, Wang X. Recent advances in stable main group element radicals: preparation and characterization. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5930-5973. [PMID: 35770612 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00288d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Radical species are significant in modern chemistry. Their unique chemical bonding and novel physicochemical properties play significant roles not only in fundamental chemistry, but also in materials science. Main group element radicals are usually transient due to their high reactivity. Highly stable radicals are often stabilized by π-delocalization, sterically demanding ligands, carbenes and weakly coordinating anions in recent years. This review presents the recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, reactivity and physical properties of isolable main group element radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shuxuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yuanting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Zayakin IA, Korlyukov AA, Gorbunov DE, Gritsan NP, Akyeva AY, Syroeshkin MA, Stass DV, Tretyakov EV, Egorov MP. Au–Au Chemical Bonding in Nitronyl Nitroxide Gold(I) Derivatives. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Zayakin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Korlyukov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry E. Gorbunov
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
- A.V. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Akad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Nina P. Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Ya. Akyeva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail A. Syroeshkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitri V. Stass
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny V. Tretyakov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail P. Egorov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Avenue 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Mukhopadhyay N, Sengupta A, Vijay AK, Lloret F, Mukherjee R. Ni(II) complexes of a new tetradentate NN'N''O picolinoyl-1,2-phenylenediamide-phenolate redox-active ligand at different redox levels. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9017-9029. [PMID: 35638812 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01043g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Three square planar nickel(II) complexes of a new asymmetric tetradentate redox-active ligand H3L2 in its deprotonated form, at three redox levels, open-shell semiquinonate(1-) π radical, quinone(0) and closed-shell dianion of its 2-aminophenolate part, have been synthesized. The coordinated ligand provides N (pyridine) and N' and N'' (carboxamide and 1,2-phenylenediamide, respectively) and O (phenolate) donor sites. Cyclic voltammetry on the parent complex [Ni(L2)] 1 in CH2Cl2 established a three-membered electron-transfer series (oxidative response at E1/2 = 0.57 V and reductive response at -0.32 V vs. SCE) consisting of neutral, monocationic and monoanionic [Ni(L2)]z (z = 0, 1+ and 1-). Oxidation of 1 with AgSbF6 affords [Ni(L2)](SbF6) (2) and reduction of 1 with cobaltocene yields [Co(η5-C5H5)2][Ni(L2)] (3). The molecular structures of 1·CH3CN, 2·0.5CH2Cl2 and 3·C6H6 have been determined by X-ray crystallography at 100 K. Characterization by 1H NMR, X-band EPR (gav = 2.006 (solid); 2.008 (CH2Cl2-C6H5CH3 glass); 80 K) and UV-VIS-NIR spectral properties established that 1, 2 and 3 have [NiII{(L2)˙2-}], [NiII{(L2)-}]+/1+ and [NiII{(L2)3-}]-/1- electronic states, respectively. Thus, the redox processes are ligand-centred. While 1 possesses paramagnetic St (total spin) = 1/2, 2 and 3 possess diamagnetic ground-state St = 0. Interestingly, the variable-temperature (2-300 K) magnetic measurement reveals that 1 with the St = 1/2 ground state attains the antiferromagnetic St = 0 state at a very low temperature, due to weak noncovalent interactions via π-π stacking. Density functional theory (DFT) electronic structural calculations at the B3LYP level of theory rationalized the experimental results. In the UV-VIS-NIR spectra, broad absorptions are recorded for 1 and 2 in the range of 800-1600 nm; however, such an absorption is absent for 3. Time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations provide a very good fit with the experimental spectra and allow us to identify the observed electronic transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narottam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741 246, India
| | - Arunava Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry, Techno India University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Aswin Kottapurath Vijay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741 246, India
| | - Francesc Lloret
- Departament de Química Inorgànica/Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMOL), Universitat de València, Polígono de la Coma, s/n, 46980 Paterna, València, Spain
| | - Rabindranath Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.
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Petrov PA, Filippova EA, Sukhikh TS, Novikov AS, Sokolov MN. Sterically Hindered Tellurium(IV) Catecholate as a Lewis Acid. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9184-9194. [PMID: 35657161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sterically hindered tellurium catecholate Te(Cat36)2 (Cat36 = 3,6-di-tert-butyl-catecholate) was synthesized with the reaction of amorphous Te with 3,6-di-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone. Adducts of Te(Cat36)2 with various O- and N-donors were isolated and characterized by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction along with IR, UV-vis, and NMR (1H, 13C, and 125Te) spectroscopies. In the crystal structure of the adduct with 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), the unprecedented μ-κ2N,N':κ2N,N'-bridging coordination mode of bipy was observed. Various intermolecular interactions Te...O, Te...N, and Te...C in adducts were analyzed using density functional theory calculations and quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis. The estimated strength for appropriate short contacts varies from 0.9 to 5.3 kcal/mol, and they are attractive and purely non-covalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Petrov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elizaveta A Filippova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Taisiya S Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Maxim N Sokolov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Tretyakov EV, Lomanovich KA, Bagryanskaya EG, Romanenko GV, Bogomyakov AS, Zueva EM, Petrova MM, Dmitriev AA, Gritsan NP. 2‐(8‐Iodonaphthalen‐1‐yl)‐Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxide: Suppressed Reactivity of Iodine Atom and Unusual Temperature Dynamics of the EPR Spectrum. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny V. Tretyakov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Konstantin A. Lomanovich
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 9 Ac. Lavrentiev Avenue Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Elena G. Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 9 Ac. Lavrentiev Avenue Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Galina V. Romanenko
- International Tomography Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3a Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Artem S. Bogomyakov
- International Tomography Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3a Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Zueva
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 K. Marx Str. Kazan 420015 Russia
| | - Maria M. Petrova
- Kazan National Research Technological University 68 K. Marx Str. Kazan 420015 Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3 Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Nina P. Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences 3 Institutskaya Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
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Petrov PA, Sukhikh TS, Nadolinny VA, Mikhaylov MA, Lavrov AN, Dmitriev AA, Gritsan NP, Sokolov MN. Paramagnetic Rhenium Iodide Cluster with N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6746-6752. [PMID: 33877839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
triangulo-Trirhenium nonaiodide Re3I9 reacts with 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes) to produce the novel 13-electron paramagnetic cluster Re3I8(IMes)2, which was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, ESR spectroscopy, magnetometry, and quantum chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Petrov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Taisiya S Sukhikh
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Nadolinny
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim A Mikhaylov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander N Lavrov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.,Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, Institutskaya 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nina P Gritsan
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.,Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, Institutskaya 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maxim N Sokolov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Prosp. Lavrentieva 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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