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Monteiro MC, Winiarski JP, Santana ER, Szpoganicz B, Vieira IC. Ratiometric Electrochemical Sensor for Butralin Determination Using a Quinazoline-Engineered Prussian Blue Analogue. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16031024. [PMID: 36770031 PMCID: PMC9919488 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on a carbon paste electrode modified with quinazoline-engineered ZnFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA-qnz) was developed for the determination of herbicide butralin. The PBA-qnz was synthesized by mixing an excess aqueous solution of zinc chloride with an aqueous solution of precursor sodium pentacyanido(quinazoline)ferrate. The PBA-qnz was characterized by spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The stable signal of PBA-qnz at +0.15 V vs. Ag/AgCl, referring to the reduction of iron ions, was used as an internal reference for the ratiometric sensor, which minimized deviations among multiple assays and improved the precision of the method. Furthermore, the PBA-qnz-based sensor provided higher current responses for butralin compared to the bare carbon paste electrode. The calibration plot for butralin was obtained by square wave voltammetry in the range of 0.5 to 30.0 µmol L-1, with a limit of detection of 0.17 µmol L-1. The ratiometric sensor showed excellent precision and accuracy and was applied to determine butralin in lettuce and potato samples.
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Recent Advances in Metal-Based Molecular Photosensitizers for Artificial Photosynthesis. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12080919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis (AP) has been extensively applied in energy conversion and environment pollutants treatment. Considering the urgent demand for clean energy for human society, many researchers have endeavored to develop materials for AP. Among the materials for AP, photosensitizers play a critical role in light absorption and charge separation. Due to the fact of their excellent tunability and performance, metal-based complexes stand out from many photocatalysis photosensitizers. In this review, the evaluation parameters for photosensitizers are first summarized and then the recent developments in molecular photosensitizers based on transition metal complexes are presented. The photosensitizers in this review are divided into two categories: noble-metal-based and noble-metal-free complexes. The subcategories for each type of photosensitizer in this review are organized by element, focusing first on ruthenium, iridium, and rhenium and then on manganese, iron, and copper. Various examples of recently developed photosensitizers are also presented.
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Chalil Oglou R, Ulusoy Ghobadi TG, Ozbay E, Karadas F. Selective Glucose Sensing under Physiological pH with Flexible and Binder‐Free Prussian Blue Coated Carbon Cloth Electrodes. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan Chalil Oglou
- Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology, UNAM – National Nanotechnology Research Center Bilkent University Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | | | - Ekmel Ozbay
- NANOTAM – Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department of Physics Bilkent University Ankara 06800 Turkey
| | - Ferdi Karadas
- Department of Chemistry Bilkent University Ankara 06800 Turkey
- Institute of Material Science and Nanotechnology, UNAM – National Nanotechnology Research Center Bilkent University Ankara 06800 Turkey
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Chalil Oglou R, Ulusoy Ghobadi TG, Ozbay E, Karadas F. Electrodeposited cobalt hexacyanoferrate electrode as a non-enzymatic glucose sensor under neutral conditions. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1188:339188. [PMID: 34794574 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A CoFe Prussian blue analogue (CoFe PB) modified FTO electrode, prepared via a facile electrodeposition method, is investigated as a non-enzymatic glucose sensor under neutral conditions. The electrode exhibits a linear detection of glucose in the 0.1-8.2 mmol/L range with a detection limit of 67 μM, a sensitivity of 18.69 μA/mM.cm2, and a fast response time of less than 7 s under neutral conditions. Its stability is confirmed with both electrochemical experiments and characterization studies performed on the pristine and post-mortem electrode. We also conducted a comprehensive electrochemical analysis to elucidate the identity of the active site and the glucose oxidation mechanism on the Prussian blue surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan Chalil Oglou
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | | | - Ekmel Ozbay
- NANOTAM - Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ferdi Karadas
- UNAM - National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Gonzálvez MA, Bernhardt PV, Font-Bardia M, Gallen A, Jover J, Ferrer M, Martínez M. Molecular Approach to Alkali-Metal Encapsulation by a Prussian Blue Analogue Fe II/Co III Cube in Aqueous Solution: A Kineticomechanistic Exchange Study. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18407-18422. [PMID: 34766767 PMCID: PMC8715505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of a series of alkali-metal inclusion complexes of the molecular cube [{CoIII(Me3-tacn)}4{FeII(CN)6}4]4- (Me3-tacn = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane), a mixed-valent Prussian Blue analogue bearing bridging cyanido ligands, has been achieved by following a redox-triggered self-assembly process. The molecular cubes are extremely robust and soluble in aqueous media ranging from 5 M [H+] to 2 M [OH-]. All the complexes have been characterized by the standard mass spectometry, UV-vis, inductively coupled plasma, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and electrochemistry. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction analysis of the sodium and lithium salts has also been achieved, and the inclusion of moieties of the form {M-OH2}+ (M = Li, Na) is confirmed. These inclusion complexes in aqueous solution are rather inert to cation exchange and are characterized by a significant decrease in acidity of the confined water molecule due to hydrogen bonding inside the cubic cage. Exchange of the encapsulated cationic {M-OH2}+ or M+ units by other alkali metals has also been studied from a kineticomechanistic perspective at different concentrations, temperatures, ionic strengths, and pressures. In all cases, the thermal and pressure activation parameters obtained agree with a process that is dominated by differences in hydration of the cations entering and exiting the cage, although the size of the portal enabling the exchange also plays a determinant role, thus not allowing the large Cs+ cation to enter. All the exchange substitutions studied follow a thermodynamic sequence that relates with the size and polarizing capability of the different alkali cations; even so, the process can be reversed, allowing the entry of {Li-OH2}+ units upon adsorption of the cube on an anion exchange resin and subsequent washing with a Li+ solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Gonzálvez
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Unitat de Difracció de Raigs, X. Centre Científic i Tecnològic,Departament de Cristal·lografia, and Mineralogia i Dipòsits Minerals, Facultat de Geologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Gallen
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Jover
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Ferrer
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez
- Secció de Química Inorgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Amthor S, Hernández‐Castillo D, Maryasin B, Seeber P, Mengele AK, Gräfe S, González L, Rau S. Strong Ligand Stabilization Based on π-Extension in a Series of Ruthenium Terpyridine Water Oxidation Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:16871-16878. [PMID: 34705303 PMCID: PMC9299156 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The substitution behavior of the monodentate Cl ligand of a series of ruthenium(II) terpyridine complexes (terpyridine (tpy)=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine) has been investigated. 1 H NMR kinetic experiments of the dissociation of the chloro ligand in D2 O for the complexes [Ru(tpy)(bpy)Cl]Cl (1, bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) and [Ru(tpy)(dppz)Cl]Cl (2, dppz=dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) as well as the binuclear complex [Ru(bpy)2 (tpphz)Ru(tpy)Cl]Cl3 (3 b, tpphz=tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine) were conducted, showing increased stability of the chloride ligand for compounds 2 and 3 due to the extended π-system. Compounds 1-5 (4=[Ru(tbbpy)2 (tpphz)Ru(tpy)Cl](PF6 )3 , 5=[Ru(bpy)2 (tpphz)Ru(tpy)(C3 H8 OS)/(H2 O)](PF6 )3 , tbbpy=4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine) are tested for their ability to run water oxidation catalysis (WOC) using cerium(IV) as sacrificial oxidant. The WOC experiments suggest that the stability of monodentate (chloride) ligand strongly correlates to catalytic performance, which follows the trend 1>2>5≥3>4. This is also substantiated by quantum chemical calculations, which indicate a stronger binding for the chloride ligand based on the extended π-systems in compounds 2 and 3. Additionally, a theoretical model of the mechanism of the oxygen evolution of compounds 1 and 2 is presented; this suggests no differences in the elementary steps of the catalytic cycle within the bpy to the dppz complex, thus suggesting that differences in the catalytic performance are indeed based on ligand stability. Due to the presence of a photosensitizer and a catalytic unit, binuclear complexes 3 and 4 were tested for photocatalytic water oxidation. The bridging ligand architecture, however, inhibits the effective electron-transfer cascade that would allow photocatalysis to run efficiently. The findings of this study can elucidate critical factors in catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Amthor
- Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - David Hernández‐Castillo
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Phillip Seeber
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | | | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
| | - Sven Rau
- Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
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