1
|
Noël N, Martinez A, Massicot F, Vasse JL, Behr JB. Kinetics of Strain-Promoted Alkyne-Nitrone Cycloadditions (SPANC) with Unprotected Carbohydrate Scaffolded Nitrones. Org Lett 2024; 26:3917-3922. [PMID: 38690807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The use of unprotected carbohydrate-derived nitrones as partners in strain-promoted alkyne-nitrone cycloadditions was investigated as a new tool for bioconjugation. The observed second-order reactions displayed rate constants of 3.4 × 10-4-5.8 × 10-2 M-1 s-1, which is the common order of magnitude of reaction kinetics with other simple aliphatic or aromatic nitrones. Applicability of this method to aqueous media was demonstrated by performing a one-pot protocol, which combines sequential formation of the nitrone and cycloaddition with cyclooctyne in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Noël
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS UMR 7312, ICMR, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Agathe Martinez
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS UMR 7312, ICMR, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Fabien Massicot
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS UMR 7312, ICMR, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Jean-Luc Vasse
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS UMR 7312, ICMR, 51687 Reims, France
| | - Jean-Bernard Behr
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS UMR 7312, ICMR, 51687 Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mupparapu N, Syed B, Nguyen DN, Vo TH, Trujillo A, Elshahawi SI. Selective Late-Stage Functionalization of Tryptophan-Containing Peptides To Facilitate Bioorthogonal Tetrazine Ligation. Org Lett 2024; 26:2489-2494. [PMID: 38498918 PMCID: PMC10987333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Site-selective modification of complex peptides and the functionalization of their C-H bonds hold great promise for expanding their use in therapeutics and biomedical research. Herein, we leverage the power of late-stage chemoenzymatic catalysis using an indole prenyltransferase (IPT) enzyme and alkyl diphosphates to specifically modify the indole ring of tryptophan in clinically relevant peptides. Furthermore, the installed handle enables bioorthogonal click chemistry through an inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction with a biotin-conjugated tetrazine probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Mupparapu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Basir Syed
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Diem N Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Thao H Vo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Angelica Trujillo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| | - Sherif I Elshahawi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kozma E, Kele P. Bioorthogonal Reactions in Bioimaging. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:7. [PMID: 38400853 PMCID: PMC10894152 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Visualization of biomolecules in their native environment or imaging-aided understanding of more complex biomolecular processes are one of the focus areas of chemical biology research, which requires selective, often site-specific labeling of targets. This challenging task is effectively addressed by bioorthogonal chemistry tools in combination with advanced synthetic biology methods. Today, the smart combination of the elements of the bioorthogonal toolbox allows selective installation of multiple markers to selected targets, enabling multicolor or multimodal imaging of biomolecules. Furthermore, recent developments in bioorthogonally applicable probe design that meet the growing demands of superresolution microscopy enable more complex questions to be addressed. These novel, advanced probes enable highly sensitive, low-background, single- or multiphoton imaging of biological species and events in live organisms at resolutions comparable to the size of the biomolecule of interest. Herein, the latest developments in bioorthogonal fluorescent probe design and labeling schemes will be discussed in the context of in cellulo/in vivo (multicolor and/or superresolved) imaging schemes. The second part focuses on the importance of genetically engineered minimal bioorthogonal tags, with a particular interest in site-specific protein tagging applications to answer biological questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Kozma
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Péter Kele
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torii K, Benson S, Hori Y, Vendrell M, Kikuchi K. No-wash fluorogenic labeling of proteins for reversible photoswitching in live cells. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1393-1401. [PMID: 38274070 PMCID: PMC10806661 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04953a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Photoswitchable fluorescent molecules (PSFMs) are positioned as valuable tools for biomolecule localization tracking and super-resolution imaging technologies due to their unique ability to reversibly control fluorescence intensity upon light irradiation. Despite the high demand for PSFMs that are suitable for live-cell imaging, no general method has been reported that enables reversible fluorescence control on proteins of interest in living cells. Herein, we have established a platform to realize reversible fluorescence switching in living cells by adapting a protein labeling system. We have developed a new PSFM, named HTL-Trp-BODIPY-FF, which exhibits strong fluorogenicity upon recognition of Halo-tag protein and reversible fluorescence photoswitching in living cells. This is the first example of a PSFM that can be applicable to a general-purpose Halo-tag protein labeling system for no-wash live-cell imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Torii
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Sam Benson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH16 4UU UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH16 4UU UK
| | - Yuichiro Hori
- Faculty of Science, Kyushu University Fukuoka Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH16 4UU UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH16 4UU UK
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun YC, Shi WX, Kuo WC, Hsiang YR, Lo WL, Chen LC, Farn SS, Lin YF, Chen KT. Cyanopyridoimidazole/1,2-Aminothiol Click Reaction: A Novel Bioorthogonal Reaction for Synthesis of Radiotracers. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:107-114. [PMID: 38108270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
We herein described the design and synthesis of the cyanopyridoimidazoles (CPIs) as new bioorthogonal click reagents toward 1,2-aminothiol groups. Kinetic and density functional theory-based studies of the synthetic compounds revealed that incorporating an electron-withdrawing substituent into the CPI scaffold lowers its lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy, consequently increasing reactivity. Optimized CPI 8a showed rapid reactivity and high stability in physiological conditions and has been demonstrated to be suitable for various radiotracer synthetic methods. Based on the new bioorthogonal reaction, a [67Ga]Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted probe was successfully prepared for in vivo imaging of prostate cancer in an animal model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Xin Shi
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Rong Hsiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Lo
- National Atomic Research Institute, Taoyuan 325207, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Ya-Fan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Šlachtová V, Bellová S, Vrabel M. Synthesis of C 3-Substituted N1- tert-Butyl 1,2,4-Triazinium Salts via the Liebeskind-Srogl Reaction for Fluorogenic Labeling of Live Cells. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38224304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
We recently described the development and application of a new bioorthogonal conjugation, the triazinium ligation. To explore the wider application of this reaction, in this work, we introduce a general method for synthesizing C3-substituted triazinium salts based on the Liebeskind-Srogl cross-coupling reaction and catalytic thioether reduction. These methods enabled the synthesis of triazinium derivatives for investigating the effect of different substituents on the ligation kinetics and stability of the compounds under biologically relevant conditions. Finally, we demonstrate that the combination of a coumarin fluorophore attached to position C3 with a C5-(4-methoxyphenyl) substituent yields a fluorogenic triazinium probe suitable for no-wash, live-cell labeling. The developed methodology represents a promising synthetic approach to the late-stage modification of triazinium salts, potentially widening their applications in bioorthogonal reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Šlachtová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Bellová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Vrabel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Udofa E, Zhao Z. In situ cellular hitchhiking of nanoparticles for drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115143. [PMID: 38008185 PMCID: PMC10841869 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the concept of "magic bullet", nanoparticles have evolved to be one of the most effective carriers in drug delivery. Nanoparticles improve the therapeutic efficacy of drugs offering benefits to treating various diseases. Unlike free drugs which freely diffuse and distribute through the body, nanoparticles protect the body from the drug by reducing non-specific interactions while also improving the drug's pharmacokinetics. Despite acquiring some FDA approvals, further clinical application of nanoparticles is majorly hindered by its limited ability to overcome biological barriers resulting in uncontrolled biodistribution and high clearance. The use of cell-inspired systems has emerged as a promising approach to overcome this challenge as cells are biocompatible and have improved access to tissues and organs. One of such is the hitchhiking of nanoparticles to circulating cells such that they are recognized as 'self' components evading clearance and resulting in site-specific drug delivery. In this review, we discuss the concept of nanoparticle cellular hitchhiking, highlighting its advantages, the principles governing the process and the challenges currently limiting its clinical translation. We also discuss in situ hitchhiking as a tool for overcoming these challenges and the considerations to be taken to guide research efforts in advancing this promising technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edidiong Udofa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Translational Oncology Program, University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Šlachtová V, Chovanec M, Rahm M, Vrabel M. Bioorthogonal Chemistry in Cellular Organelles. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 382:2. [PMID: 38103067 PMCID: PMC10725395 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
While bioorthogonal reactions are routinely employed in living cells and organisms, their application within individual organelles remains limited. In this review, we highlight diverse examples of bioorthogonal reactions used to investigate the roles of biomolecules and biological processes as well as advanced imaging techniques within cellular organelles. These innovations hold great promise for therapeutic interventions in personalized medicine and precision therapies. We also address existing challenges related to the selectivity and trafficking of subcellular dynamics. Organelle-targeted bioorthogonal reactions have the potential to significantly advance our understanding of cellular organization and function, provide new pathways for basic research and clinical applications, and shape the direction of cell biology and medical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Šlachtová
- Department of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Chovanec
- Department of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Rahm
- Department of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Vrabel
- Department of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kavand A, Robin P, Mayoraz L, Mensi M, Gerber-Lemaire S. Achieving high hybridization density at DNA biosensor surfaces using branched spacer and click chemistry. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34003-34011. [PMID: 38020007 PMCID: PMC10660212 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04928k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity to develop fast, highly sensitive and selective virus detection methods. Surface-based DNA-biosensors are interesting candidates for this purpose. Functionalization of solid substrates with DNA must be precisely controlled to achieve the required accuracy and sensitivity. In particular, achieving high hybridization density at the sensing surface is a prerequisite to reach a low limit of detection. We herein describe a strategy based on peptides as anchoring units to immobilize DNA probes at the surface of borosilicate slides. While the coating pathway involves copper-catalyzed click chemistry, a copper-free variation is also reported. The resulting biochips display a high hybridization density (2.9 pmol per cm2) with their targeted gene sequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Kavand
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Perrine Robin
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Lucas Mayoraz
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Mounir Mensi
- ISIC-XRDSAP, EPFL Valais-Wallis Rue de l'Industrie 17 CH-1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nguyen HD, Jana RD, Campbell DT, Tran TV, Do LH. Lewis acid-driven self-assembly of diiridium macrocyclic catalysts imparts substrate selectivity and glutathione tolerance. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10264-10272. [PMID: 37772092 PMCID: PMC10530542 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02836d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular inorganic catalysts (MICs) tend to have solvent-exposed metal centers that lack substrate specificity and are easily inhibited by biological nucleophiles. Unfortunately, these limitations exclude many MICs from being considered for in vivo applications. To overcome this challenge, a strategy to spatially confine MICs using Lewis acid-driven self-assembly is presented. It was shown that in the presence of external cations (e.g., Li+, Na+, K+, or Cs+) or phosphate buffered saline, diiridium macrocycles spontaneously formed supramolecular iridium-cation species, which were characterized by X-ray crystallography and dynamic light scattering. These nanoassemblies selectively reduced sterically unhindered C[double bond, length as m-dash]O groups via transfer hydrogenation and tolerated up to 1 mM of glutathione. In contrast, when non-coordinating tetraalkylammonium cations were used, the diiridium catalysts were unable to form higher-ordered structures and discriminate between different aldehyde substrates. This work suggests that in situ coordination self-assembly could be a versatile approach to enable or enhance the integration of MICs with biological hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hieu D Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Rahul D Jana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Dylan T Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Thi V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| | - Loi H Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Road Houston Texas USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alexander AK, Elshahawi SI. Promiscuous Enzymes for Residue-Specific Peptide and Protein Late-Stage Functionalization. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300372. [PMID: 37338668 PMCID: PMC10496146 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The late-stage functionalization of peptides and proteins holds significant promise for drug discovery and facilitates bioorthogonal chemistry. This selective functionalization leads to innovative advances in in vitro and in vivo biological research. However, it is a challenging endeavor to selectively target a certain amino acid or position in the presence of other residues containing reactive groups. Biocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool for selective, efficient, and economical modifications of molecules. Enzymes that have the ability to modify multiple complex substrates or selectively install nonnative handles have wide applications. Herein, we highlight enzymes with broad substrate tolerance that have been demonstrated to modify a specific amino acid residue in simple or complex peptides and/or proteins at late-stage. The different substrates accepted by these enzymes are mentioned together with the reported downstream bioorthogonal reactions that have benefited from the enzymatic selective modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Alexander
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Sherif I Elshahawi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gavriel K, van Doeselaar DCA, Geers DWT, Neumann K. Click'n lock: rapid exchange between unsymmetric tetrazines and thiols for reversible, chemoselective functionalisation of biomolecules with on-demand bioorthogonal locking. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:685-691. [PMID: 37654505 PMCID: PMC10467616 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00062a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The late-stage functionalisation and diversification of complex structures including biomolecules is often achieved with the help of click chemistry. Besides employing irreversible click-like reactions, many synthetic applications benefit from reversible click reaction strategies, so called de-/trans-click approaches. Yet, the combination of both, reversible and irreversible click chemistry - while still respecting the stringent criteria of click transformations - remains so far elusive for modifications of biomolecular structures. Here, we report click'n lock as a concept that enables reversible click reactions and on-demand locking of chemical entities, thus switching from reversible to irreversible modifications of complex biomolecules. For this purpose, we employ the tetrazine-thiol exchange (TeTEx) reaction as a fully traceless click reaction with second order rate constants k2 higher than 2 M-1 s-1 within aqueous environments. Employing TeTEx as a reversible click reaction for the chemoselective modification of biomolecules is made possible by the use of 3,6-disubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetrazines bearing a single sulfide residue. The inherent reactivity of tetrazines towards inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reactions allows to stabilize the clicked structure, switching from reversible to irreversible systems (click'n lock).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Gavriel
- Systems Chemistry Department, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Dustin C A van Doeselaar
- Systems Chemistry Department, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle W T Geers
- Systems Chemistry Department, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Neumann
- Systems Chemistry Department, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mitry MMA, Boateng SY, Greco F, Osborn HMI. Bioorthogonal activation of prodrugs, for the potential treatment of breast cancer, using the Staudinger reaction. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1537-1548. [PMID: 37593579 PMCID: PMC10429771 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00137g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective prodrug activation at a tumor site is crucial to maximise the efficiency of chemotherapy approaches and minimise side effects due to off-site activation. In this paper, a new prodrug activation strategy is reported based on the bioorthogonal Staudinger reaction. The feasibility of this prodrug activation strategy was initially demonstrated using 9-azido sialic acid 4 as a trigger and two novel triphenylphosphine-modified N-mustard-PRO 10 and doxorubicin-PRO 12 prodrugs in an HPLC-monitored release study. Then, the azide reporter group was introduced on cancer cells' surfaces through metabolic glycoengineering of sialic acid-rich surface glycans using azide-modified monosaccharides (9-azido sialic acid 4, tetra-O-acetylated-9-azido sialic acid 5 and tetra-O-acetyl azidomannosamine). Next, the N-mustard-PRO 10 and doxorubicin-PRO 12 prodrugs were employed in vitro with the bioengineered cells, and activation of the prodrugs, which allowed selective release of the cytotoxic moiety at the tumour cell, was assessed. Release of the parent drugs from the prodrugs was shown to be dependent on the level of metabolic labelling, where tetra-O-acetyl azidomannosamine allowed the highest level of azide reporter generation in tumor cells and led to full recovery of the parent cytotoxic drug's potency. The selectivity of azide expression on breast cancer MCF-7 cells versus normal fibroblast L929 cells was also probed, with the 9-azido sialic acid and tetra-O-acetylated-9-azido sialic acid showing ∼17-fold higher azide expression on the former. Taken together, these data demonstrate the feasibility of the Staudinger reaction for selective activation of prodrugs targeted to the MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madonna M A Mitry
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Samuel Y Boateng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6ES UK
| | - Francesca Greco
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
| | - Helen M I Osborn
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading Whiteknights Reading RG6 6AD UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kozma E, Bojtár M, Kele P. Bioorthogonally Assisted Phototherapy: Recent Advances and Prospects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303198. [PMID: 37161824 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive materials offer excellent spatiotemporal control over biological processes and the emerging phototherapeutic methods are expected to have significant effects on targeted cancer therapies. Recent examples show that combination of photoactivatable approaches with bioorthogonal chemistry enhances the precision of targeted phototherapies and profound implications are foreseen particularly in the treatment of disperse/diffuse tumors. The extra level of on-target selectivity and improved spatial/temporal control considerably intensified related bioorthogonally assisted phototherapy research. The anticipated growth of further developments in the field justifies the timeliness of a brief summary of the state of the art.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Kozma
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márton Bojtár
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Kele
- Chemical Biology Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|