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Meloche M, Jutras M, St-Jean I, de Denus S, Leclair G. Isocyanate derivatization coupled with phospholipid removal microelution-solid phase extraction for the simultaneous quantification of (S)-metoprolol and (S)-α-hydroxymetoprolol in human plasma with LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114263. [PMID: 34274593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay was developed and validated for the quantification of (S)-metoprolol (MET) and its main metabolite, (S)-α-hydroxymetoprolol (OH-MET). Human plasma samples (50 μL) were spiked with both analytes and their deuterated internal standards (IS) (S)-MET-(d7) and α-OH-MET-(d5). Phospholipid removal microelution-solid phase extraction (PRM-SPE) was performed using a 4-step protocol with Oasis PRiME MCX μElution 96-well cartridges. The eluates were reconstituted in 100 μL of acetonitrile with 50 μg/mL (S)-α-methylbenzyl isocyanate (MBIC) for chiral derivatization. After 60 min at room temperature, the reaction was quenched using 100 μL of water 2 % formic acid. Chromatographic separation of the derivatized analytes was performed on a Kinetex phenyl-hexyl core-shell stationary phase with an elution gradient. Mobile phases were composed of a mixture of water and methanol, with ammonium formate and formic acid as buffers. Total runtime was 15 min. Analyte detection was performed by an AB/SCIEX 4000 QTRAP mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring. Chromatograms showed MBIC successfully reacted with racemic MET, α-OH-MET, and their respective IS. Detection by positive electrospray ionization did not reveal derivatized by-products. Quantification ranges were validated for (S)-MET and (S)-α-OH-MET between 0.5-500 and 1.25-500 ng/mL, respectively, with correlation coefficients (r2) >0.9906. The PRM-SPE assay showed low matrix effects (86.9-104.0 %) and reproducible recoveries (69.4-78.7 %) at low, medium, and high quality control (QC) levels. Precision and accuracy were all comprised between 85-115 % for all three QCs, and between 80-120 % for the lower limit of quantification, for intra- and inter-day values (n = 6, 3 consecutive days). Non-derivatized analytes were stable at room temperature, after 3 freeze-thaw cycles, and stored for 30 days at -80 °C (n = 4). Reinjection reproducibility of a previously validated batch was achieved after 8 days under auto-sampler conditions, indicating the stability of (S)-MET and (S)-α-OH-MET derivatives. Its clinical use was established in a cohort of 50 patients and could be used to further investigate the clinical impact of (S)-MET concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Meloche
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, H3T 1J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Centre, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Martin Jutras
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, H3T 1J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Isabelle St-Jean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, H3T 1J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Simon de Denus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, H3T 1J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal Beaulieu-Saucier Pharmacogenomics Centre, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Grégoire Leclair
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, H3T 1J4, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Vashistha VK, Kumar A. Stereochemical facets of clinical β‐blockers: An overview. Chirality 2020; 32:722-735. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.23200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Department of ChemistryGLA University Mathura Uttar Pradesh India
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Survey of Pharmacological Activity and Pharmacokinetics of Selected β-Adrenergic Blockers in Regard to Their Stereochemistry. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present survey concentrates on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of selected β-adrenergic blockers from the point of view of their stereochemistry. It could be shown that the activity in the arylaminoethanol and aryloxyaminopropanol group of β-blockers is higher in their (–)-enantiomers as compared with the (+)-enantiomers. The stereoisomers differ also in other types of bioactivity as well as in toxicity. The particular pharmacokinetic stages such as resorption, distribution, and metabolism are discussed in regard to their stereochemistry.
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Baranowska I, Adolf W, Magiera S. Enantioselective determination of metoprolol and its metabolites in human urine high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC–FLD) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1004:79-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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de Moraes NV, Lauretti GR, Lanchote VL. Effects of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on the pharmacokinetics of tramadol enantiomers in patients with neuropathic pain phenotyped as cytochrome P450 2D6 extensive metabolizers. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1222-30. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of poorly controlled type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of tramadol enantiomers in patients with neuropathic pain.
Methods
Nondiabetic patients (control group, n = 12), patients with T1DM (n = 9) or T2DM (n = 9), all with neuropathic pain and phenotyped as cytochrome P450 2D6 extensive metabolizers, received a single oral dose of 100 mg racemic tramadol. Serial blood samples were collected over a 24-h period.
Key findings
Patients with T1DM showed reduced Cmax of both tramadol enantiomers. The plasma concentrations of the active (+)-M1 were significantly reduced in T1DM (area under the curve plasma concentration versus time (AUC∞): 313.1 ng·h/ml) when compared with nondiabetic patients (AUC∞: 1246.6 ng·h/ml). The fraction unbound of (+)-M1 was increased in patients with T1DM. Patients with T1DM and T2DM showed reduced AUC and increased fraction unbound of (−)-M1.
Conclusions
The reduced total plasma concentrations of the active (+)-M1 in patients with T1DM may not be of clinical relevance because they are counterbalanced by the increased fraction unbound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Valadares de Moraes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Rocha Lauretti
- Departamento de Biomecânica, Medicina e Reabilitação do Sistema Locomotor, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Lanchote
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cerqueira PM, Coelho EB, Geleilete TJM, Goldman GH, Lanchote VL. Influence of Chronic Renal Failure on Stereoselective Metoprolol Metabolism in Hypertensive Patients. J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 45:1422-33. [PMID: 16291718 DOI: 10.1177/0091270005281816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The influence of chronic renal failure on the stereoselective metabolism of rac-metoprolol was investigated in 15 hypertensive patients, 7 of them with chronic renal failure and 8 with normal renal function. They were treated with rac-metoprolol (200 mg) for 7 days. The patients of both groups presented stereoselectivity in metoprolol metabolism, favoring the formation of 1'R-alpha-hydroxymetoprolol (AUC(1(')R/1(')S)(0-24) approximately 2.5) and (R)-metoprolol acidic metabolite (AUC((S)/(R))(0-24) = 0.8), the latter resulting in the plasma accumulation of (S)-metoprolol (AUC((S)/(R))(0-24) = 1.2). Patients with chronic renal failure presented plasma accumulation of the 4 alpha-hydroxymetoprolol isomers and of both metoprolol acidic metabolite enantiomers. A 50% reduction in Cl(R) does not explain the 3- to 4-fold plasma accumulation of metoprolol acidic metabolite in this group, suggesting that other pathways of metoprolol elimination are affected in chronic renal failure in addition to renal excretion. Chronic renal failure does not change the stereoselective kinetic disposition of metoprolol but modifies its stereoselective metabolism, inducing some of the CYP enzymes involved in the formation of the metoprolol acid metabolite.
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Chankvetadze B. Recent developments on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases for liquid-phase separation of enantiomers. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1269:26-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Barclay VK, Tyrefors NL, Johansson IM, Pettersson CE. Chiral analysis of metoprolol and two of its metabolites, α-hydroxymetoprolol and deaminated metoprolol, in wastewater using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1269:208-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Simultaneous determination of metoprolol and α-hydroxymetoprolol in human plasma using excitation–emission matrix fluorescence coupled with second-order calibration methods. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:2781-93. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metoprolol (MET) is a β1-adrenoceptor antagonist, which is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and α-hydroxymetoprolol (α-OHM) is its hydroxylated metabolite. Owing to their similar structures, optimization of the condition for the chromatography approach, which is in common use for determination, is both time consuming and laborious. Results: A new and effective strategy that combines the excitation–emission matrix fluorescence with second-order calibration methods was developed for simultaneous determination of MET and α-OHM in human plasma. Conclusion: Although the fluorescence spectra of MET and α-OHM overlapped and a large number of unknown and uncalibrated fluorescent components coexisted, the developed method enables accurate concentrations together with reasonable resolution of excitation and emission profiles for the analytes of interest. An additional advantage of the proposed method is that there is no need for separation and sample pretreatment, in addition to lower cost than traditional methods.
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Antunes NDJ, Cavalli RC, Marques MP, Lanchote VL. Stereoselective Determination of Metoprolol and its Metabolite α-Hydroxymetoprolol in Plasma by LC-MS/MS: Application to Pharmacokinetics during Pregnancy. Chirality 2012; 25:1-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalícia De Jesus Antunes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Marques
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo; Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Lanchote
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto; São Paulo; Brazil
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Ali I, Al-Othman ZA, Hussain A, Saleem K, Aboul-Enein HY. Chiral Separation of β-Adrenergic Blockers in Human Plasma by SPE-HPLC. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-010-1891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Langford K, Thomas KV. Input of selected human pharmaceuticalmetabolites into the Norwegian aquatic environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:416-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c0em00342e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Enantiospecific pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in CYP2D6 ultra-rapid metabolizers and correlation with exercise-induced heart rate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 64:883-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-008-0504-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 04/28/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Felix G, Berthod A. Commercial Chiral Stationary Phases for the Separations of Clinical Racemic Drugs. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/15422110701826997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Boralli VB, Coelho EB, Cerqueira PM, Lanchote VL. Stereoselective analysis of metoprolol and its metabolites in rat plasma with application to oxidative metabolism. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 823:195-202. [PMID: 16029965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2005] [Revised: 06/22/2005] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the stereoselective kinetic disposition and metabolism of metoprolol (MET) in rats. The racemic MET (15 mg/kg) was given by oral gavage and blood samples were collected from 0 to 10h (n=6 at each time point). The enantiomeric concentrations of MET and its metabolites alpha-hydroxymetoprolol (alpha-OHM) and O-demethylmetoprolol (ODM) were determined by HPLC using a Chiralpak AD chiral column and fluorescence detection. The pharmacokinetic parameters of unchanged MET and the formation of ODM did not show to be stereoselective. In contrast, the AUC (ng h/mL) of alpha-hydroxymetoprolol isomers were higher to I'R [638.2(525.2-706.2) for 1'R2R and 659.6(580.4-698.1) for 1'R,2S, mean, (95%CI)] than to I'S products [58.3(47.4-66.1) for 1'S,2R and 57.1(44.7-67.9) for 1'S,2S, mean, (95%CI)]. We conclude that the kinetic disposition of unchanged MET and the formation of ODM are not enantioselective in rats but the metabolism of alpha-OHM yields predominantly the 1'R-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bergamin Boralli
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Campus da USP, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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de Andrade J, Korn M, Cadore S. Research on analytical chemistry in Brazil: an overview. Microchem J 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2004.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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