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Dey KK, Deshmukh MM, Ghosh M. A Description of the Local Structure and Dynamics of Ketoconazole Molecule by Solid‐State NMR Measurements and DFT Calculations: Proposition for NMR Crystallography. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kishor Dey
- Department of Physics Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar 470003, Madhya-Pradesh India
| | - Milind M. Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar 470003, Madhya-Pradesh India
| | - Manasi Ghosh
- Physics Section MMV Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar-Pradesh India
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Dey K, Gayen S, Ghosh M. Investigation of the Detailed Internal Structure and Dynamics of Itraconazole by Solid-State NMR Measurements. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21627-21635. [PMID: 31867560 PMCID: PMC6921643 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structure and dynamics of itraconazole were investigated by 13C 2DPASS MAS SSNMR and spin-lattice relaxation time measurement to get an insight into its multiple biological activities, e.g., antifungal, antiviral, anticancer activities, etc. The molecular correlation time at chemically different sites of carbon nuclei was calculated by considering that the spin-lattice relaxation mechanism is mainly dominated by chemical shift anisotropy interaction and heteronuclear dipole-dipole interaction. The spin-lattice relaxation time is long for C35, C6, C5, and C34 carbon nuclei that participated in the 1, 2, 4-triazole ring. On the contrary, it is comparatively shorter for C1, C2, C3, and C4 carbon nuclei associated with the sec-butyl group in the triazolane side-chain region. Chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) parameters of C5, C6, C34, and C35 nuclei are much higher than those of C1, C2, C3, C4 nuclei, indicating that the relaxation mechanism at a high value of magnetic field is predominated by chemical shift anisotropy interaction. The molecular correlation time of carbon nuclei residing at the side-chain region is 2-3 orders of magnitude lesser than that of those participated in the 1,2,4-triazole ring. The spin-lattice relaxation time is very long for carbon nuclei C28 and C30 bonded with chlorine. Asymmetry and anisotropy parameters are also very high for the spinning CSA sideband pattern corresponding to the C28 and C30 nuclei. The molecular correlation time is on the order of 10-3 s for C28 and 10-4 s for C30, whereas for side-chain carbon nuclei, it is on the order of 10-6 s. This suggests that the effective magnetic field experienced by C28 and C30 nuclei is affected by the polarization of the chemical bond. A huge variation in molecular correlation time is observed for chemically different sites of carbon nuclei of the itraconazole molecule. These investigations vividly portrayed how the structure is correlated with the dynamics of a valuable drug, itraconazole, with multiple biological activities. This study will enlighten the way of inventing advance medicine for multiple biological activities in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna
Kishor Dey
- Department
of Physics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Department
of Physics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
| | - Manasi Ghosh
- Department
of Physics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
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Abstract
PURPOSE Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare disease that results from exposure to high levels of cortisol; Cushing's disease (CD) is the most frequent form of CS. Patients with CS suffer from a variety of comorbidities that increase the risk of mortality. Surgical resection of the disease-causing lesion is generally the first-line treatment of CS. However, some patients may not be eligible for surgery due to comorbidities, and approximately 25 % of patients, especially those with CD, have recurrent disease. For these patients, adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors may control cortisol elevation and subsequent symptomatology. CS is rare overall, and clinical studies of adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors are often small and, in many cases, data are limited regarding the efficacy and safety of these treatments. Our aim was to better characterize the profiles of efficacy and safety of currently available adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors, including drugs currently in development. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the literature regarding adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors, focusing on novel drugs. RESULTS Currently available adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors, including ketoconazole, metyrapone, etomidate, and mitotane, have variable efficacy and significant side effects, and none are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for CS. Therefore, there is a clear need for novel, prospectively studied agents that have greater efficacy and a low rate of adverse side effects. Efficacy and safety data of current and emerging adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors, including osilodrostat (LCI699) and levoketoconazole (COR-003), show promising results that will have to be confirmed in larger-scale phase 3 studies (currently ongoing). CONCLUSIONS The management of CS, and particularly CD, remains challenging. Adrenal steroidogenesis inhibitors can be of major interest to control the hypercortisolism at any time point, either before or after surgery, as discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fleseriu
- Departments of Medicine and Neurological Surgery, and Northwest Pituitary Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Mail Code: CH8N, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Frederic Castinetti
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, CRN2M, Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Polavarapu PL. Determination of the Absolute Configurations of Chiral Drugs Using Chiroptical Spectroscopy. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081056. [PMID: 27529201 PMCID: PMC6273303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiroptical spectroscopy has emerged as a promising tool for the determination of absolute configurations and predominant conformations of chiral molecules in academic laboratories. This promise has led to the adaption of chiroptical spectroscopic methods as valuable tools in chiral drug discovery research programs of the pharmaceutical industry. Most major pharmaceutical companies have invested in in-house chiroptical spectroscopy applications and reported successful outcomes. In the context of continuously increasing applications of chiroptical spectroscopy for chiral molecular structure determination, a review of recent developments and applications for chiral drugs is presented in this manuscript.
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Kurka O, Kučera L, Bednář P. Analytical and semipreparative chiral separation ofcis-itraconazole on cellulose stationary phases by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2736-45. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Kurka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kučera
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bednář
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Palacký University; Olomouc Czech Republic
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Shen J, Yang J, Heyse W, Schweitzer H, Nagel N, Andert D, Zhu C, Morrison V, Nemeth GA, Chen TM, Zhao Z, Ayers TA, Choi YM. Enantiomeric characterization and structure elucidation of Otamixaban. J Pharm Anal 2014; 4:197-204. [PMID: 29403883 PMCID: PMC5761123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Otamixaban is a potent (Ki=0.5 nM) fXa inhibitor currently in late-stage clinical development at Sanofi for the management of acute coronary syndrome. Being unproductive in obtaining a suitable crystal of Otamixaban, the required enantiomeric characterization has been accomplished using vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy. Selected by a spectrum similarity index, the calculated spectra of several higher energy conformers were found to match well with the observed spectra. The characteristic IR bands of these conformers were also identified and attributed to the solvation effect. Combined with both the single crystal x-ray diffraction results for an intermediate and the proton NMR study, the absolute configuration of Otamixaban is unambiguously determined to be (R,R).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Jiping Yang
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Winfried Heyse
- Sanofi, Industriepark Hoechst Bldg., D-65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Nagel
- Sanofi, Industriepark Hoechst Bldg., D-65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Doris Andert
- Sanofi, Industriepark Hoechst Bldg., D-65926 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Chengyue Zhu
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Vincent Morrison
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Gregory A Nemeth
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Teng-Man Chen
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Zhicheng Zhao
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Timothy A Ayers
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
| | - Yong-Mi Choi
- Sanofi, 1041 Route 202-206, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States
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Sherer EC, Lee CH, Shpungin J, Cuff JF, Da C, Ball R, Bach R, Crespo A, Gong X, Welch CJ. Systematic approach to conformational sampling for assigning absolute configuration using vibrational circular dichroism. J Med Chem 2014; 57:477-94. [PMID: 24383452 DOI: 10.1021/jm401600u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systematic methods that speed-up the assignment of absolute configuration using vibrational circular dichrosim (VCD) and simplify its usage will advance this technique into a robust platform technology. Applying VCD to pharmaceutically relevant compounds has been handled in an ad hoc fashion, relying on fragment analysis and technical shortcuts to reduce the computational time required. We leverage a large computational infrastructure to provide adequate conformational exploration which enables an accurate assignment of absolute configuration. We describe a systematic approach for rapid calculation of VCD/IR spectra and comparison with corresponding measured spectra and apply this approach to assign the correct stereochemistry of nine test cases. We suggest moving away from the fragment approach when making VCD assignments. In addition to enabling faster and more reliable VCD assignments of absolute configuration, the ability to rapidly explore conformational space and sample conformations of complex molecules will have applicability in other areas of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Sherer
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., PO Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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Schwartz E, Liégeois V, Koepf M, Bodis P, Cornelissen JJLM, Brocorens P, Beljonne D, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE, Woutersen S, Champagne B. Beta Sheets with a Twist: The Conformation of Helical Polyisocyanopeptides Determined by Using Vibrational Circular Dichroism. Chemistry 2013; 19:13168-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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A rapid alternative to X-ray crystallography for chiral determination: Case studies of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) to advance drug discovery projects. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4019-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Merten C, Xu Y. Chirality Transfer in a Methyl Lactate-Ammonia Complex Observed by Matrix-Isolation Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2073-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Merten C, Xu Y. Chirality Transfer in a Methyl Lactate-Ammonia Complex Observed by Matrix-Isolation Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Pyrgaki C, Bannister SJ, Gera L, Gerber JG, Gal J. Stereoselective determination of the epimer mixtures of itraconazole in human blood plasma using HPLC and fluorescence detection. Chirality 2011; 23:495-503. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Arakaki R, Welles B. Ketoconazole enantiomer for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2010; 19:185-94. [DOI: 10.1517/13543780903381411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Merten C, Jalkanen KJ, Weiss VC, Hartwig A. Vibrational circular dichroism of 3-(trifluoroacetyl)-camphor and its interaction with chiral amines. Chirality 2010; 22:772-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Lakhani A, Malon P, Keiderling TA. Comparison of vibrational circular dichroism instruments: development of a new dispersive VCD. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 63:775-785. [PMID: 19589215 DOI: 10.1366/000370209788701189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A dispersive vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) instrument has been designed and optimized for the measurement of mid-infrared (MIR) bands such as the amide I and amide II vibrational modes of peptides and proteins. The major design considerations were to construct a compact VCD instrument for biological molecules, to increase signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, to simultaneously collect and digitize the sample transmission and polarization modulation signals, and to digitally ratio them to yield a VCD spectrum. These were realized by assembling new components using design factors adapted from previous VCD instruments. A collection of spectra for peptides and proteins having different dominant secondary structures (alpha-helix, beta-sheet, and random coil) measured for identical samples under the same conditions showed that the new instrument had substantially improved S/N as compared with our previous dispersive VCD instrument. These instruments both provide protein VCD for the amide I that are comparable to or somewhat better than those measurable with commercial Fourier transform (FT) VCD instruments if just the amide I band in the spectra is obtained at modest resolution (8 cm(-1)) with the same total data collection time on each type of instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Lakhani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street (m/c 111), Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, USA
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Felix G, Berthod A. Part II: From Dermatologicals to Sensory Organ and Various Drugs. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/15422110701873007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Freedman TB, Cao X, Luz Z, Zimmermann H, Poupko R, Nafie LA. Isotopic difference spectra as an aide in determining absolute configuration using vibrational optical activity: Vibrational circular dichroism of13C- and2H-labelled nonamethoxy cyclotriveratrylene. Chirality 2008; 20:673-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.20514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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HPLC separation and VCD spectroscopy of chiral pyrazoles derived from (5R)-dihydrocarvone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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McConnell O, He Y, Nogle L, Sarkahian A. Application of chiral technology in a pharmaceutical company. Enantiomeric separation and spectroscopic studies of key asymmetric intermediates using a combination of techniques. Phenylglycidols. Chirality 2007; 19:716-30. [PMID: 17323324 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Phenylglycidols substituted in the 2-, 3-, and 4- positions with fluorine, chlorine, and trifluoromethyl, and with methoxy in the 3- position, were synthesized from the corresponding E-cinnamic acids and separated into their (R,R)- and (S,S)- enantiomers using subcritical fluid chromatography with mixtures of MeOH in CO(2), on either a Chiralpak AD or AS chiral stationary phase. These compounds and commercially-available (R,R)- and (S,S)-phenylglycidol were analyzed for their vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and optical rotation (OR) properties to exemplify a strategy whereby the absolute stereochemistry of common and key chiral intermediates is established early in the structure-activity and structure-property relationship phase of a drug discovery program in a pharmaceutical company. From this study, substituents in the phenyl group of the synthesized molecules were found not to grossly alter spectroscopic features, and therefore, diagnostic absorption bands in the respective VCD spectra, and the sign and shape of the measured ECD curves could be used to determine and track the absolute stereochemistry of analogs without necessarily requiring time-consuming ab initio calculations of all low energy conformers for all compounds. VCD, OR, and ECD calculations for the determination of absolute configuration carried out at the DFT level with the hybrid B3PW91 functional and the TZVP basis set were found to be especially useful in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver McConnell
- Wyeth Research, Chemical and Screening Sciences, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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McConnell O, Bach A, Balibar C, Byrne N, Cai Y, Carter G, Chlenov M, Di L, Fan K, Goljer I, He Y, Herold D, Kagan M, Kerns E, Koehn F, Kraml C, Marathias V, Marquez B, McDonald L, Nogle L, Petucci C, Schlingmann G, Tawa G, Tischler M, Williamson RT, Sutherland A, Watts W, Young M, Zhang MY, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Ho D. Enantiomeric separation and determination of absolute stereochemistry of asymmetric molecules in drug discovery—Building chiral technology toolboxes. Chirality 2007; 19:658-82. [PMID: 17390370 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The application of Chiral Technology, or the (extensive) use of techniques or tools for the determination of absolute stereochemistry and the enantiomeric or chiral separation of racemic small molecule potential lead compounds, has been critical to successfully discovering and developing chiral drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. This has been due to the rapid increase over the past 10-15 years in potential drug candidates containing one or more asymmetric centers. Based on the experiences of one pharmaceutical company, a summary of the establishment of a Chiral Technology toolbox, including the implementation of known tools as well as the design, development, and implementation of new Chiral Technology tools, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver McConnell
- Wyeth Research, Chemical and Screening Sciences, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
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Monde K, Taniguchi T, Miura N, Vairappan CS, Suzuki M. Absolute configurations of brominated sesquiterpenes determined by vibrational circular dichroism. Chirality 2006; 18:335-9. [PMID: 16557523 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two brominated sesquiterpenes, majapolene B (1) and acetylmajapolene B (2), isolated from the red algal genus Laurencia were investigated using vibrational circular dichroism (VCD). The ab initio theoretical VCD and IR calculations of 1 and 2 were performed by density functional theory (DFT) using the B3PW91/6-31G(d,p) basis set. The experimental VCD spectra and corresponding population-weighted theoretical VCD spectra were found to be in excellent agreement in CCl(4) solution in the 1800-850 cm(-1) region, which allowed unambiguous determination of the absolute configurations of (-)-1 and (-)-2 as 7S,10S and 7S,10S, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Monde
- Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Frontier Research Center for the Post-Genomic Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
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