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Wang L, Liu R, Zhou Y, Yuan P, Liu X, Gao H. Mass transfer characteristics of chiral pharmaceuticals on membrane used for polar organic chemical integrative sampler. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:670-681. [PMID: 37923475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Passive sampling technology has good application prospects for monitoring trace pollutants in aquatic environments. Further research on the sampling mechanism of this technology is essential to improve the measurement accuracy and extend the application scope of this approach. In this study, adsorption and permeation experiments were performed to investigate the sorption and mass transfer properties of five chiral pharmaceuticals at the enantiomeric level on polyethersulfone (PES) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes used in a polar organic chemical integrative sampler. Batch adsorption experiments showed that the PES membrane had an adsorption phenomenon for most selected pollutants and an insignificant sorption behavior was observed for all selected pharmaceuticals on the PTFE membrane except for R(S)-fluoxetine. The diffusion coefficients of selected pharmaceuticals onto the PTFE membrane were approximately one order of magnitude higher than those onto the PES membrane. The permeation experiment indicated that under different hydraulic conditions, the change of the relative pollutant concentration through the PTFE membrane for the composite pollutant system was more obvious than that for the single pollutant system, and mass transfer hysteresis exists for both contaminant systems through PES membranes. Using the first-order equation or 3-component model to estimate the overall mass transfer coefficients, the results showed that the overall mass transfer coefficient values of pollutants in the composite pollutant system onto both membranes were higher than those in the single pollutant system. This parameter was mainly influenced by the synergistic effects of the multi-analyte interaction and diminished water boundary layers during the mass transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100018, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100018, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Youya Zhou
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hongjie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
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2
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De Luca C, Felletti S, Franchina FA, Bozza D, Compagnin G, Nosengo C, Pasti L, Cavazzini A, Catani M. Recent developments in the high-throughput separation of biologically active chiral compounds via high performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115794. [PMID: 37890321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), are often chiral molecules where stereoisomers have different biological and therapeutic activity. Nevertheless, the preparation of these molecules can lead to racemic or scalemic mixtures (it is not trivial to produce just the optically pure compound). The evaluation of the enantiomeric purity of bioactive compounds, and therefore quality, is indeed of fundamental importance for regulatory scopes. Chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the gold standard technique to separate and to purify enantiomers. This comes from the wide availability of commercial chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and operational modes, which makes the technique extremely versatile. In recent years, the most relevant trend in the field of chiral analytical HPLC has been the development of CSPs suitable for fast or even ultrafast separations, thus favoring the high throughput screening of biologically active chiral compounds. This process has somehow lagged behind compared to achiral HPLC, due to a series of practical and fundamental issues. The experience has shown how in chiral chromatography even very basic concepts, such as the supposed kinetic superiority of core-shell (pellicular) particles over fully porous ones to improve the chromatographic efficiency, cannot be taken for granted. In this review, the most relevant fundamental and practical features that must be taken into consideration to design successful high-throughput, fast enantioseparations will be discussed. Afterwards, the main classes of CSPs and the most relevant, recent (last five-year) high-throughput applications in the field of the separation of chiral bioactive compounds (for pharmaceutical, forensic, food, and omics applications) will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Luca
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Simona Felletti
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Flavio Antonio Franchina
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Desiree Bozza
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Greta Compagnin
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Chiara Nosengo
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Martina Catani
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
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3
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Deng C, Song BQ, Sensharma D, Gao MY, Bezrukov AA, Nikolayenko VI, Lusi M, Mukherjee S, Zaworotko MJ. Effect of Extra-Framework Anion Substitution on the Properties of a Chiral Crystalline Sponge. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:8139-8146. [PMID: 37937187 PMCID: PMC10626566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Chiral metal-organic materials, CMOMs, are of interest as they can offer selective binding sites for chiral guests. Such binding sites can enable CMOMs to serve as chiral crystalline sponges (CCSs) to determine molecular structure and/or purify enantiomers. We recently reported on the chiral recognition properties of a homochiral cationic diamondoid, dia, network {[Ni(S-IDEC)(bipy)(H2O)][NO3]}n (S-IDEC = S-indoline-2-carboxylicate, bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine), CMOM-5[NO3]. The modularity of CMOM-5[NO3] means there are five feasible approaches to fine-tune structures and properties via substitution of one or more of the following components: metal cation (Ni2+); bridging ligand (S-IDEC); linker (bipy); extra-framework anion (NO3-); and terminal ligand (H2O). Herein, we report the effect of anion substitution on the CCS properties of CMOM-5[NO3] by preparing and characterizing {[Ni(S-IDEC)(bipy)(H2O)][BF4]}n, CMOM-5[BF4]. The chiral channels in CMOM-5[BF4] enabled it to function as a CCS for determination of the absolute crystal structures of both enantiomers of three chiral compounds: 1-phenyl-1-butanol (1P1B); methyl mandelate (MM); ethyl mandelate (EM). Chiral resolution experiments revealed CMOM-5[BF4] to be highly selective toward the S-isomers of MM and EM with enantiomeric excess, ee, values of 82.6 and 78.4%, respectively. The ee measured for S-EM surpasses the 64.3% exhibited by [DyNaL(H2O)4] 6H2O and far exceeds that of CMOM-5[NO3] (6.0%). Structural studies of the binding sites in CMOM-5[BF4] provide insight into their high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Deng
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Bai-Qiao Song
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Debobroto Sensharma
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Mei-Yan Gao
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Andrey A. Bezrukov
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Varvara I. Nikolayenko
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Matteo Lusi
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Zaworotko
- Bernal Institute, Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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4
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Ibrahim AE, El Gohary NA, Aboushady D, Samir L, Karim SEA, Herz M, Salman BI, Al-Harrasi A, Hanafi R, El Deeb S. Recent advances in chiral selectors immobilization and chiral mobile phase additives in liquid chromatographic enantio-separations: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464214. [PMID: 37506464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
For decades now, the separation of chiral enantiomers of drugs has been gaining the interest and attention of researchers. In 1991, the first guidelines for development of chiral drugs were firstly released by the US-FDA. Since then, the development in chromatographic enantioseparation tools has been fast and variable, aiming at creating a suitable environment where the physically and chemically identical enantiomers can be separated. Among those tools, the immobilization of chiral selectors (CS) on different stationary phases and the chiral mobile phase additives (CMPA) which have been progressed and studied extensively. This review article highlights the major advances in immobilization of CS together with their different recognition mechanisms as well as CMPA as a cheaper and successful alternative for chiral stationary phases. Moreover, the role of molecular modeling tool as a pre-step in the choice of CS for evaluating possible interactions with different ligands has been pointed up. Illustrations of reported methods and updates for immobilized CS and CMPA have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said 42511, Egypt; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nesrine Abdelrehim El Gohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Dina Aboushady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Liza Samir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Shereen Ekram Abdel Karim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Magy Herz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Baher I Salman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rasha Hanafi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38092, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Fouad A, El-Sayed DH, Salman BE, Bakr HH, Adel SE, Alzarak TM, Mahmoud A. Macrocyclic Antibiotics as Effective Chiral Selectors in Liquid Chromatography for Enantiomeric Separation of Pharmaceutical Compounds: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37342891 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2224442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Chiral separation techniques play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry, where the enantiomeric purity of drugs can have a significant impact on their efficacy and safety. Macrocyclic antibiotics are highly effective chiral selectors used in various chiral separation techniques, including LC, HPLC, SMB, and TLC, offering reproducible results and a wide range of applications. However, developing robust and efficient immobilization mechanisms for these chiral selectors remains a challenge. This review article focuses on various immobilization approaches, such as immobilization, coating, encapsulation, and photosynthesis, that have been applied to immobilize macrocyclic antibiotics on their support. Commercially available macrocyclic antibiotics for conventional liquid chromatography include Vancomycin, Norvancomycin, Eremomycin, Teicoplanin, Ristocetin A, Rifamycin, Avoparcin, Bacitracin, and others. In addition, capillary (nano) liquid chromatography has also been used in chiral separation utilizing Vancomycin, Polymyxin B, Daptomycin, and Colistin Sulfate. Macrocyclic antibiotic-based CSPs have been extensively applied due to their reproducible results, ease of use, and broad range of applications, capable of separating a large number of racemates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fouad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | - Hanan H Bakr
- Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Shahd E Adel
- Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Abdelrahman Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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6
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Recent Advances on Chiral Mobile Phase Additives: A Critical Review. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-022-00222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Gao L, Xing Z, Zhang S, Lin X, Qin S, Chu H, Tang Y, Zhao X. Simultaneous Enantioseparation and Rapid Determination of Atenolol and Amlodipine Besylate by Capillary Electrochromatography. Chromatographia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Pandya PA, Shah PA, Shrivastav PS. Simultaneous enantioseparation and simulation studies of atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol on Chiralpak® IG column using supercritical fluid chromatography. J Pharm Anal 2022; 11:746-756. [PMID: 35028180 PMCID: PMC8740114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioseparation of three β-blockers, i.e., atenolol, metoprolol and propranolol, was studied on amylose tris(3-chloro-5-methylphenylcarbamate) immobilized chiral stationary phase using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The effect of organic modifiers (methanol, isopropanol and their mixture), column temperature and back pressure on chiral separation of β-blockers was evaluated. Optimum chromatographic separation with respect to resolution, retention, and analysis time was achieved using a mixture of CO2 and 0.1% isopropyl amine in isopropanol: methanol (50:50, V/V), in 75:25 (V/V) ratio. Under the optimized conditions, the resolution factors (Rs) and separation factors (α) were greater than 3.0 and 1.5, respectively. Further, with increase in temperature (25–45 °C) and pressure (100–150 bars) there was corresponding decrease in retention factors (k), α and Rs. However, a reverse trend (α and Rs) was observed for atenolol with increase in temperature. The thermodynamic data from van't Hoff plots revealed that the enantioseparation was enthalpy driven for metoprolol and propranolol while entropy driven for atenolol. To understand the mechanism of chiral recognition and the elution behavior of the enantiomers, molecular docking studies were performed. The binding energies obtained from simulation studies were in good agreement with the elution order found experimentally and also with the free energy values. The method was validated in the concentration range of 0.5–10 μg/mL for all the enantiomers. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation ranged from 0.126 to 0.137 μg/mL and 0.376–0.414 μg/mL, respectively. The method was used successfully to analyze these drugs in pharmaceutical preparations. Simultaneous enantioseparation of three β-blockers in a single analysis using chiral SFC Separation efficiency was mainly dependent on the nature and composition of mobile phase van't Hoff plots revealed enthalpy driven process for metoprolol and propranolol and entropy driven for atenolol Binding energies from molecular docking study were in good agreement with the elution order The results suggested hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, as the dominant interaction modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav A Pandya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Priyanka A Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Pranav S Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
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9
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Yan Y, Zhu S, Luo X, Rao Y, Su J, He G, Lin H. The preparation of optically active epineoclausenamide and enantiomeric separation of its racemate. Chirality 2021; 33:643-651. [PMID: 34424999 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized the optically active epineoclausenamide by utilizing chiral reagents, such as R-α-methylbenzylamine and S-α-methylbenzylamine, for the resolution of the intermediate (trans-3-phenyl-oxiranecarboxylic acid 12), followed by amide exchange, cyclization, and reduction, unlike previously reported methods. The Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction was used to asymmetrically reduce neoclausenamidone. A plausible reduction mechanism of this method was elucidated. Thereafter, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was investigated for the resolution of the epineoclausenamide enantiomers. HPLC was also used to determine the optical purity of these isomers. Two chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for separating the enantiomers were compared. Different mobile phase compositions were tested at 298.15 K. The results showed that the best separation was obtained when the mobile phase was composed of n-hexane and isopropanol (IPA) (75/25, v/v), the racemate was separated on a Chiralcel OJ-H column, and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min at a wavelength of 210 nm and a temperature of 25°C. The enantiomeric ratio (e.r.) values of both the synthetic (-)-epineoclausenamide and (+)-epineoclausenamide were 1.3(+):98.7(-) and 99.3(+):0.7(-), respectively. In this study, a new synthetic route was designed with a yield of 12.3-14.1%, and a quick (8 min) effective separation method was obtained. This provides basis for pharmacological research and quality control of clausenamide analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Senmei Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuna Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Rao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Su
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guantao He
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hansen Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Xu L, Wang H, Yi J, Meng M, Sun J, Yin X, Zhou X, Yin J, Wang Y, Hou J, Wei Q, Gong Y. Preparation and application of 3-(methylene-bis(1',4'-phenylene)dicarbamate-2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-amylose)-2-hydroxylpropoxy-propylsilyl-appended silica particles as chiral stationary phase for HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:243-249. [PMID: 34160007 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
3-(Methylene-bis(1',4'-phenylene) dicarbamate-2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-amylose)-2-hydroxylpropoxy-propylsilyl-appended silica particles (DMP-AM-HPS), a new type of 2, 3-regioselectively substituted amylose-immobilized chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), have been prepared by treatment of 3-(2,3-dihydroxyl-propoxy)-propylsilyl silica particles with 2,3-bis(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-amylose and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The chemical characterization of the bonded particles DMP-AM-HPS has been carried out by elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis. The chromatographic performance of the DMP-AM-HPS has been evaluated in HPLC under multi-mode conditions including normal phase, reversed phase, and polar organic mobile phase conditions. The DMP-AM-HPS phase has exhibited excellent selectivity in separating enantiomers of a wide range of chiral drug compounds. The result also suggests that unsubstituted C6 hydroxyl groups in the regioselectively substituted amylose not only have important contributions to chiral recognitions and chromatographic separations, but also allow the DMP-AM-HPS to be used as a new type of amylose-immobilized CSP under multi-mode mobile phase conditions in HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jingxuan Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Min Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jiale Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Jasmine Hou
- ChiralTek Pte Ltd, 192 Westwood Crescent, 648559, Singapore
| | - Qunli Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yinhan Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, P.R. China.,ChiralTek Pte Ltd, 192 Westwood Crescent, 648559, Singapore
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11
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Grybinik S, Bosakova Z. An overview of chiral separations of pharmaceutically active substances by HPLC (2018-2020). MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021; 152:1033-1043. [PMID: 34456367 PMCID: PMC8382579 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a brief survey of chiral separation of pharmaceutically active substances published over the last 3 years (2018-2020). Chiral separation of drugs is an important area of research. The control of enantiomeric purity and determination of individual enantiomeric drug molecules is a necessity especially for clinical, analytical, and regulatory purposes. Among chromatographic resolution methods, high-performance liquid chromatography based on chiral stationary phases remains the most popular and effective method used for chiral separation of various drugs. In this review, attention is paid to several classes of chiral stationary phases that have been the most frequently used for drug enantioseparation during this period. GRAPHIC ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Grybinik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bosakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Yohannes A, Feng X, Yao S. Dispersive solid-phase extraction of racemic drugs using chiral ionic liquid-metal-organic framework composite sorbent. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1627:461395. [PMID: 32823100 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, enantioseparation of racemic pharmaceuticals in preparations is a prime concern by drug authorities across the globe. In the present work, it was attempted to develop novel enantioselective extraction method for five clinically used drugs (atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol, racecadotril, and raceanisodamine in their tablets) as racemates. The enantioselective solid-liquid extraction of these racemic drugs was carried out successfully by the use of chiral ionic liquid (CIL) in combination with a metal organic framework (MOF) for the first time. The composite CIL@MOF was synthesized from tropine based chiral ionic liquids with L-proline anion ([CnTr][L-Pro], n=3-6) and HKUST-1 type MOF, which was comprehensively characterized before being used as sorbent for enantioselective dispersive solid-liquid extraction. Preliminary selection of appropriate CIL was carried out on thin layer chromatography (TLC); under the joint participation of copper ion in the developing reagent, [C3Tr][L-Pro] ionic liquid showed better resolution performance with ΔRf value of 0.35 between the enantiomers was obtained for racemic atenolol. Moreover, the effect of copper salt dosage, amount of CIL, soli-liquid ratio and extraction time were investigated. The optimal conditions were obtained after thorough investigations; i.e. sample solution: ethanol, elution solvent: methanol, solid-liquid ratio: 12.5 mg:50 mL, amount of copper salt: 8 mg L-1, amount of impregnated CIL: 30% and extraction time of 30 min. As a result, enantiomeric excess values are 90.4%, 95%, 92%, 81.6% and 83.2% for atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol, racecadotril and raceanisodamine, respectively. The developed enantioselective method was validated following ICH guidelines and it was proved to be simple, effective and enantioselective way for separation of racemic pharmaceuticals with similar behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alula Yohannes
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xueting Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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13
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Yu X, Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Ren Q, Bao Z, Yang Y. De novo synthesis of microspheical cellulose 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamates: An organic-inorganic hybrid chiral stationary phase for enantiospearation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Chiral recognition in separation sciences. Part II: Macrocyclic glycopeptide, donor-acceptor, ion-exchange, ligand-exchange and micellar selectors. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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15
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Jiang HY, Xu J, Sun B. Enantioselective hydrogenation of α-ketoesters catalyzed by cinchona alkaloid stabilized Rh nanoparticles in ionic liquid. Chirality 2019; 31:818-823. [PMID: 31310386 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous enantioselective hydrogenation of α-ketoesters catalyzed by rhodium nanoparticles (Rh NPs) in ionic liquid was studied with the stabilization and modification of cinchona alkaloids. TEM characterization showed that well-dispersed Rh NPs of about 1.96 nm were obtained in ionic liquid. The results showed that cinchona alkaloids not only had good enantiodifferentiating ability but also accelerated the catalytic reaction. Under the optimum reaction conditions, the enantiomeric excess in ethyl benzoylformate hydrogenation could reach as high as 60.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Science and Technology of Chongqing Education Commission, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environmental and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Science and Technology of Chongqing Education Commission, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environmental and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Science and Technology of Chongqing Education Commission, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environmental and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
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