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Zhao Y, Xie J, Tian Y, Mourdikoudis S, Fiuza‐Maneiro N, Du Y, Polavarapu L, Zheng G. Colloidal Chiral Carbon Dots: An Emerging System for Chiroptical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305797. [PMID: 38268241 PMCID: PMC10987166 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Chiral CDots (c-CDots) not only inherit those merits from CDots but also exhibit chiral effects in optical, electric, and bio-properties. Therefore, c-CDots have received significant interest from a wide range of research communities including chemistry, physics, biology, and device engineers. They have already made decent progress in terms of synthesis, together with the exploration of their optical properties and applications. In this review, the chiroptical properties and chirality origin in extinction circular dichroism (ECD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) of c-CDots is briefly discussed. Then, the synthetic strategies of c-CDots is summarized, including one-pot synthesis, post-functionalization of CDots with chiral ligands, and assembly of CDots into chiral architectures with soft chiral templates. Afterward, the chiral effects on the applications of c-CDots are elaborated. Research domains such as drug delivery, bio- or chemical sensing, regulation of enzyme-like catalysis, and others are covered. Finally, the perspective on the challenges associated with the synthetic strategies, understanding the origin of chirality, and potential applications is provided. This review not only discusses the latest developments of c-CDots but also helps toward a better understanding of the structure-property relationship along with their respective applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Zhao
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Juan Xie
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Tian
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Separation and Conversion TechnologyFlemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)Boeretang 200Mol2400Belgium
| | - Nadesh Fiuza‐Maneiro
- CINBIOMaterials Chemistry and Physics GroupUniversity of VigoCampus Universitario MarcosendeVigo36310Spain
| | - Yanli Du
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- CINBIOMaterials Chemistry and Physics GroupUniversity of VigoCampus Universitario MarcosendeVigo36310Spain
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Institute of Quantum Materials and PhysicsHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046P. R. China
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Vedernikova AA, Miruschenko MD, Arefina IA, Xie J, Huang H, Koroleva AV, Zhizhin EV, Cherevkov SA, Timin AS, Mitusova KA, Shipilovskikh SA, Ushakova EV. Green and Red Emissive N,O-Doped Chiral Carbon Dots Functionalized with l-Cysteine. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:113-120. [PMID: 38147530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Although chirality plays an important role in the natural world, it has also attracted much scientific attention in nanotechnology, in particular, spintronics and bioapplications. Chiral carbon dots (CDs) are promising nanoparticles for sensing and bioimaging since they are biocompatible, ecofriendly, and free from toxic elements. Herein, green and red emissive chiral CDs are fabricated via surface modification treatment of achiral CDs at room temperature. After modification with l-cysteine molecules, the treated CDs demonstrate an intense chiral signal in the region of 200-300 nm with a dissymmetry factor up to 2.3 × 10-4 and high photoluminescence quantum yields of 19% and 15% for green and red emission bands, respectively. These CDs preserve their chiral signal in different ion systems, such as those with pH changes or in the presence of metal ions, along with remarkably low cytotoxicity, making them potential candidates for use as photoluminescent labels for biological objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Vedernikova
- International Research and Education Center for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky pr, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Mikhail D Miruschenko
- International Research and Education Center for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky pr, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Irina A Arefina
- International Research and Education Center for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky pr, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Jinfeng Xie
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P. R. China
| | - He Huang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, P. R. China
| | | | - Evgeniy V Zhizhin
- Research Park, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergei A Cherevkov
- International Research and Education Center for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky pr, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander S Timin
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
- Laboratory of Nano- and Microencapsulation of Biologically Active Substances, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Kseniya A Mitusova
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
- Laboratory of Nano- and Microencapsulation of Biologically Active Substances, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Sergei A Shipilovskikh
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Elena V Ushakova
- International Research and Education Center for Physics of Nanostructures, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky pr, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
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Li X, YujuanSun, Zhu X. Preparation of Chiral Carbon Quantum Dots and its Application. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:1-13. [PMID: 37199894 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chiral carbon quantum dots (cCQDs) , as a new type of carbon nano-functional material with tunable emission wavelength, superior photostability, low toxicity, biocompatibility and chirality, are playing an increasingly important role in the fields of chemistry, biology and medicine. This paper reviews the preparation methods (one-step and two-step), optical properties (UV, fluorescence, chirality) and applications in chiral catalysis, chiral recognition, targeted imaging as well as other fields, while lists some of the issues and challenges in the research of chiral carbon quantum dots. Finally, due to its good fluorescence and other properties, it is expected that chiral carbon quantum dots will have broad commercial prospects in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, 225002, Yangzhou, China
| | - YujuanSun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, 225002, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiashi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, 225002, Yangzhou, China.
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Pranav, Ghali ENHK, Chauhan N, Tiwari R, Cabrera M, Chauhan SC, Yallapu MM. One-step simultaneous liquid phase exfoliation-induced chirality in graphene and their chirality-mediated microRNA delivery. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 4:6199-6212. [PMID: 38021466 PMCID: PMC10680132 DOI: 10.1039/d3ma00611e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Graphene (G) has established itself as an exciting prospect for a broad range of applications owing to its remarkable properties. Recent innovations in chiral nanosystems have led to sensors, drug delivery, catalysis, etc. owing to the stereospecific interactions between various nanosystems and enantiomers. As the molecular structure of G itself is achiral introducing chirality in G by simple attachment of a functional group (a chiral ligand) on the G nanosheet may result in more diverse applications. Herein, we demonstrate direct liquid phase exfoliation and chiral induction in G nanosheets abbreviated as l-graphene and d-graphene in the presence of chiral l-tyrosine and d-tyrosine and by applying high-temperature sonication. The obtained exfoliated nanosheets demonstrated stable chirality confirmed by circular dichroism. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed functional, structural, morphological, surface, and thermal characteristics of l-graphene and d-graphene. The hemo-compatibility of these chiral graphenes was evaluated for the very first time utilizing human red blood cells. Lastly, for the very first time, an attempt was made to explore enantiomeric binding between chiral l-graphene and d-graphene with microRNA (miR-205) and their possibility towards chirality-mediated gene delivery in prostate cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
| | - Eswara N H K Ghali
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
| | - Rahul Tiwari
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
| | - Marco Cabrera
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
| | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA +1 956-296-1734
- South Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley McAllen TX USA
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Bao H, Liu Y, Li H, Qi W, Sun K. Luminescence of carbon quantum dots and their application in biochemistry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20317. [PMID: 37790961 PMCID: PMC10543222 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene, carbon dots (CDs) are causing a lot of research work in their own right. CDs are a type of surface-passivated quantum dot that contain carbon atoms. Their distinctive characteristics, such as luminescent emission that varies with size and wavelength, resistance to photobleaching, easy biological binding, lack of toxicity, and economical production without the need for intricate synthetic processes, have led to a noteworthy surge in attention within the research community. Different techniques can be utilized to create these CDs, spanning from basic candle burning to laser ablation. This review article delves into the principles of fluorescence technology, providing insights into how different synthesis methods of quantum dots impact their luminescent properties. Additionally, it highlights the latest applications of quantum dots in catalysis and biomedical fields, with special emphasis on the current status of luminescent properties in biology and chemistry. Towards the end, the article discusses the limitations of quantum dots in current practical applications, pointing out that CDs hold promising potential for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - He Li
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keyan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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Green Carbon Dots: Applications in Development of Electrochemical Sensors, Assessment of Toxicity as Well as Anticancer Properties. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots are one of the most promising nanomaterials which exhibit a wide range of applications in the field of bioimaging, sensing and biomedicine due to their ultra-small size, high photostability, tunable fluorescence, electrical properties, etc. However, green carbon dots synthesized from several natural and renewable sources show some additional advantages, such as favorable biocompatibility, wide sources, low cost of production and ecofriendly nature. In this review, we will provide an update on the latest research of green carbon dots regarding their applications in cancer therapy and in the development of electrochemical sensors. Besides, the toxicity assessment of carbon dots as well as the challenges and future direction of research on their anticancer and sensing applications will be discussed.
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