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Yin P, Yang Y, Yan H, Wei M. Theoretical Calculations on Metal Catalysts Toward Water-Gas Shift Reaction: a Review. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203781. [PMID: 36723438 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Water-gas shift (WGS) reaction offers a dominating path to hydrogen generation from fossil fuel, in which heterogeneous metal catalysts play a crucial part in this course. This review highlights and summarizes recent developments on theoretical calculations of metal catalysts developed to date, including surface structure (e. g., monometallic and polymetallic systems) and interface structure (e. g., supported catalysts and metal oxide composites), with special emphasis on the characteristics of crystal-face effect, alloying strategy, and metal-support interaction. A systematic summarization on reaction mechanism was performed, including redox mechanism, associative mechanism as well as hybrid mechanism; the development on chemical kinetics (e. g., molecular dynamics, kinetic Monte Carlo and microkinetic simulation) was then introduced. At the end, challenges associated with theoretical calculations on metal catalysts toward WGS reaction are discussed and some perspectives on the future advance of this field are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
- Institute of Engineering Technology, SINOPEC Catalyst Co., Ltd., Beijing, 110112, P. R. China
| | - Yusen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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2
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Sombut P, Puntscher L, Atzmueller M, Jakub Z, Reticcioli M, Meier M, Parkinson GS, Franchini C. Role of Polarons in Single-Atom Catalysts: Case Study of Me 1 [Au 1, Pt 1, and Rh 1] on TiO 2(110). Top Catal 2022; 65:1620-1630. [PMID: 36405974 PMCID: PMC9668789 DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The local environment of metal-oxide supported single-atom catalysts plays a decisive role in the surface reactivity and related catalytic properties. The study of such systems is complicated by the presence of point defects on the surface, which are often associated with the localization of excess charge in the form of polarons. This can affect the stability, the electronic configuration, and the local geometry of the adsorbed adatoms. In this work, through the use of density functional theory and surface-sensitive experiments, we study the adsorption of Rh1, Pt1, and Au1 metals on the reduced TiO2(110) surface, a prototypical polaronic material. A systematic analysis of the adsorption configurations and oxidation states of the adsorbed metals reveals different types of couplings between adsorbates and polarons. As confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy measurements, the favored Pt1 and Au1 adsorption at oxygen vacancy sites is associated with a strong electronic charge transfer from polaronic states to adatom orbitals, which results in a reduction of the adsorbed metal. In contrast, the Rh1 adatoms interact weakly with the excess charge, which leaves the polarons largely unaffected. Our results show that an accurate understanding of the properties of single-atom catalysts on oxide surfaces requires a careful account of the interplay between adatoms, vacancy sites, and polarons. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11244-022-01651-0.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lena Puntscher
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Zdenek Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michele Reticcioli
- Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Cesare Franchini
- Faculty of Physics, Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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3
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Bac S, Mallikarjun Sharada S. CO Oxidation with Atomically Dispersed Catalysts: Insights from the Energetic Span Model. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selin Bac
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles California 90089, United States
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4
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Chen Y, Lin J, Wang X. Noble-metal based single-atom catalysts for the water-gas shift reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:208-222. [PMID: 34878466 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted great attention in heterogeneous catalysis. In this Feature Article, we summarize the recent advances of typical Au and Pt-group-metal (PGM) based SACs and their applications in the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction in the past two decades. First, oxide and carbide supported single atoms are categorized. Then, the active sites in the WGS reaction are identified and discussed, with SACs as the positive state or metallic state. After that, the reaction mechanisms of the WGS are presented, which are classified into two categories of redox mechanism and associative mechanism. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field for the collection of hydrogen are proposed on the basis of current developments. It is believed that more and more exciting findings based on SACs are forthcoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.
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5
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Singh B, Gawande MB, Kute AD, Varma RS, Fornasiero P, McNeice P, Jagadeesh RV, Beller M, Zbořil R. Single-Atom (Iron-Based) Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13620-13697. [PMID: 34644065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Supported single-metal atom catalysts (SACs) are constituted of isolated active metal centers, which are heterogenized on inert supports such as graphene, porous carbon, and metal oxides. Their thermal stability, electronic properties, and catalytic activities can be controlled via interactions between the single-metal atom center and neighboring heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Due to the atomic dispersion of the active catalytic centers, the amount of metal required for catalysis can be decreased, thus offering new possibilities to control the selectivity of a given transformation as well as to improve catalyst turnover frequencies and turnover numbers. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the synthesis of Fe-SACs with a focus on anchoring single atoms (SA) on carbon/graphene supports. The characterization of these advanced materials using various spectroscopic techniques and their applications in diverse research areas are described. When applicable, mechanistic investigations conducted to understand the specific behavior of Fe-SACs-based catalysts are highlighted, including the use of theoretical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Singh
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193 Portugal
| | - Manoj B Gawande
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arun D Kute
- Department of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamiciam, INSTM Trieste Research Unit and ICCOM-CNR Trieste Research Unit, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Peter McNeice
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Rajenahally V Jagadeesh
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, REVA University, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.,CEET Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
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6
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Humphrey N, Bac S, Mallikarjun Sharada S. Adsorbate-assisted migration of the metal atom in atomically dispersed catalysts: An ab initio molecular dynamics study. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:234709. [PMID: 34241241 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a phenomenological study of dynamical evolution of the active site in atomically dispersed catalysts in the presence of reaction intermediates associated with CO oxidation and low-temperature water-gas shift reaction. Using picosecond ab initio molecular dynamics, we probe the initiation of adsorbate-induced diffusion of atomically dispersed platinum on rutile TiO2(110). NVT trajectories spanning 5 ps at 500 K reveal that the dynamical stability of the metal atom is governed by its local coordination to the support and adsorbate. Adsorbates that bind the strongest to Pt typically also lead to the fastest diffusion of the metal atom, and all adsorbates weaken Pt-support interactions, resulting in higher diffusion coefficients compared to bare Pt. We note, however, the absence of quantitative correlations between adsorption characteristics (Pt Bader charge, adsorbate binding energy) and ensemble-averaged quantities (diffusion coefficients). A recurring structural motif identified in several trajectories is a near-linear coordination between support oxygen, Pt, and specific adsorbates. These geometries, on account of enhanced metal support interactions, stabilize Pt and inhibit migration over picosecond timescales. We also identify hydrogen bonding events between the adsorbate and support for OH-containing groups. In the case of OH-bound Pt, for instance, we believe that short-lived H-bonds between OH and support promote Pt migration in the beginning of the NVT trajectory, while the subsequent formation of a near-linear geometry stabilizes the Pt atom despite the continued formation of short-lived hydrogen bonds. These observations are consistent with prior studies that report stabilization of isolated metal atoms in the presence of hydroxyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Humphrey
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Selin Bac
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
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7
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Lang R, Du X, Huang Y, Jiang X, Zhang Q, Guo Y, Liu K, Qiao B, Wang A, Zhang T. Single-Atom Catalysts Based on the Metal–Oxide Interaction. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11986-12043. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaorui Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yike Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xunzhu Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yalin Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaipeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Botao Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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8
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Kaiser SK, Chen Z, Faust Akl D, Mitchell S, Pérez-Ramírez J. Single-Atom Catalysts across the Periodic Table. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11703-11809. [PMID: 33085890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolated atoms featuring unique reactivity are at the heart of enzymatic and homogeneous catalysts. In contrast, although the concept has long existed, single-atom heterogeneous catalysts (SACs) have only recently gained prominence. Host materials have similar functions to ligands in homogeneous catalysts, determining the stability, local environment, and electronic properties of isolated atoms and thus providing a platform for tailoring heterogeneous catalysts for targeted applications. Within just a decade, we have witnessed many examples of SACs both disrupting diverse fields of heterogeneous catalysis with their distinctive reactivity and substantially enriching our understanding of molecular processes on surfaces. To date, the term SAC mostly refers to late transition metal-based systems, but numerous examples exist in which isolated atoms of other elements play key catalytic roles. This review provides a compositional encyclopedia of SACs, celebrating the 10th anniversary of the introduction of this term. By defining single-atom catalysis in the broadest sense, we explore the full elemental diversity, joining different areas across the whole periodic table, and discussing historical milestones and recent developments. In particular, we examine the coordination structures and associated properties accessed through distinct single-atom-host combinations and relate them to their main applications in thermo-, electro-, and photocatalysis, revealing trends in element-specific evolution, host design, and uses. Finally, we highlight frontiers in the field, including multimetallic SACs, atom proximity control, and possible applications for multistep and cascade reactions, identifying challenges, and propose directions for future development in this flourishing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina K Kaiser
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zupeng Chen
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Faust Akl
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sharon Mitchell
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javier Pérez-Ramírez
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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9
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Abstract
The water gas shift (WGS) is an equilibrium exothermic reaction, whose corresponding industrial process is normally carried out in two adiabatic stages, to overcome the thermodynamic and kinetic limitations. The high temperature stage makes use of iron/chromium-based catalysts, while the low temperature stage employs copper/zinc-based catalysts. Nevertheless, both these systems have several problems, mainly dealing with safety issues and process efficiency. Accordingly, in the last decade abundant researches have been focused on the study of alternative catalytic systems. The best performances have been obtained with noble metal-based catalysts, among which, platinum-based formulations showed a good compromise between performance and ease of preparation. These catalytic systems are extremely attractive, as they have numerous advantages, including the feasibility of intermediate temperature (250–400 °C) applications, the absence of pyrophoricity, and the high activity even at low loadings. The particle size plays a crucial role in determining their catalytic activity, enhancing the performance of the nanometric catalytic systems: the best activity and stability was reported for particle sizes < 1.7 nm. Moreover the optimal Pt loading seems to be located near 1 wt%, as well as the optimal Pt coverage was identified in 0.25 ML. Kinetics and mechanisms studies highlighted the low energy activation of Pt/Mo2C-based catalytic systems (Ea of 38 kJ·mol−1), the associative mechanism is the most encountered on the investigated studies. This review focuses on a selection of recent published articles, related to the preparation and use of unstructured platinum-based catalysts in water gas shift reaction, and is organized in five main sections: comparative studies, kinetics, reaction mechanisms, sour WGS and electrochemical promotion. Each section is divided in paragraphs, at the end of the section a summary and a summary table are provided.
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Li X, Yang X, Huang Y, Zhang T, Liu B. Supported Noble-Metal Single Atoms for Heterogeneous Catalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902031. [PMID: 31282036 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs), with atomically distributed active metal sites on supports, serve as a newly advanced material in catalysis, and open broad prospects for a wide variety of catalytic processes owing to their unique catalytic behaviors. To construct SACs with precise structures and high density of accessible single-atom sites, while preventing aggregation to large nanoparticles, various strategies for their chemical synthesis have been recently developed by improving the distribution and chemical bonding of active sites on supports, which results in excellent activity and selectivity in a variety of catalytic reactions. Noble-metal-based SACs are discussed, and their structural properties, chemical synthesis, and catalytic applications are highlighted. The structure-activity relationships and the underlying catalytic mechanisms are addressed, including the influences of surface species and reducibility of supports on the activity and stability, impact of the unique structural and electronic properties of single-atom centers modulated by metal/support interactions on catalytic activity and selectivity, and how the modified catalytic mechanism obtained by inhibiting the multiatoms involves catalytic pathways. Finally, the prospects and challenges for development in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuning Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yanqiang Huang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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Ammal SC, Heyden A. Understanding the Nature and Activity of Supported Platinum Catalysts for the Water–Gas Shift Reaction: From Metallic Nanoclusters to Alkali-Stabilized Single-Atom Cations. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salai Cheettu Ammal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, 301 South Main Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Andreas Heyden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, 301 South Main Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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12
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Li YK, Zhao YX, He SG. Selective Conversion of Methane by Rh 1-Doped Aluminum Oxide Cluster Anions RhAl 2O 4-: A Comparison with the Reactivity of PtAl 2O 4. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:3950-3955. [PMID: 29578712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Studying the elementary reactions of single-noble-metal-atom-doped species can give theoretical guidance for the design of related single-atom catalysis. Using a combination of mass spectrometry and density functional theory calculations, the reaction of RhAl2O4- with the most stable alkane molecule CH4 under thermal conditions has been studied. The methane tends to be converted into syngas (free H2 and adsorbed CO) with activation of four C-H bonds. In sharp contrast, formaldehyde was generated in the previously reported reaction of PtAl2O4- with CH4. Density functional theory calculations show that the difference in reactivity between RhAl2O4- and PtAl2O4- is found to be due to a higher energy barrier of the third C-H bond activation for the Pt analogue. This work provides the first comparative study on the reactivity of single noble-metal atoms (Rh, Pt) on the same cluster support (Al2O4-) and can be helpful for rational design of single-atom catalysts for selective methane conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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