1
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Laue M, Schneider M, Gebauer M, Böhlmann W, Gläser R, Schneider C. General, Modular Access toward Immobilized Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalysts and Their Application in Flow Chemistry. ACS Catal 2024; 14:5550-5559. [PMID: 38660609 PMCID: PMC11036403 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) are among the most frequently used organocatalysts, with an ever-increasing number of applications. However, these catalysts are only obtained in a multistep synthesis and are poorly recyclable, which significantly deteriorates their environmental and economic performance. We herein report a conceptually different, general strategy for the direct immobilization of CPAs on a broad scope of solid supports including silica, polystyrene, and aluminum oxide. Solid-state catalysts were obtained in high yields and thoroughly characterized with elemental analysis by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), nitrogen sorption measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning transmission electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM/EDX) images, and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Further, the immobilized catalysts were applied to a variety of synthetically valuable, highly stereoselective transformations under batch and flow conditions including transfer hydrogenations, a Friedländer condensation/transfer hydrogenation sequence, and Mannich reactions under cryogenic flow conditions. Generally, high yields and stereoselectivities were observed along with robust catalyst stability and reusability. After being used for 10 runs under batch conditions, no loss of selectivity or catalytic activity was observed. Under continuous-flow conditions, the heterogeneous system was in operation for 19 h and the high enantioselectivity remained unchanged throughout the entire process. We expect our approach to extend the applicability of CPAs to a higher level, with a focus on flow chemistry and a more environmentally friendly and resource-efficient use of these powerful catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Laue
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Markus Gebauer
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winfried Böhlmann
- Division
of Superconductivity and Magnetism, Felix-Bloch Institute for Solid-State
Physics, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roger Gläser
- Institute
of Chemical Technology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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2
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Zhang HH, Li TZ, Liu SJ, Shi F. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Atropisomers Bearing Multiple Chiral Elements: An Emerging Field. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311053. [PMID: 37917574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of asymmetric catalysis, the demand for the enantioselective synthesis of complex and diverse molecules with different chiral elements is increasing. Owing to the unique features of atropisomerism, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomers has attracted a considerable interest from the chemical science community. In particular, introducing additional chiral elements, such as carbon centered chirality, heteroatomic chirality, planar chirality, and helical chirality, into atropisomers provides an opportunity to incorporate new properties into axially chiral compounds, thus expanding the potential applications of atropisomers. Thus, it is important to perform catalytic asymmetric transformations to synthesize atropisomers bearing multiple chiral elements. In spite of challenges in such transformations, in recent years, chemists have devised powerful strategies under asymmetric organocatalysis or metal catalysis, synthesizing a wide range of enantioenriched atropisomers bearing multiple chiral elements. Therefore, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomers bearing multiple chiral elements has become an emerging field. This review summarizes the rapid progress in this field and indicates challenges, thereby promoting this field to a new horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hao Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Tian-Zhen Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Si-Jia Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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3
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Rodríguez-Franco C, Ros A, Merino P, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM, Hornillos V. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Indole-Based Sulfenylated Heterobiaryls by Rhodium-Catalyzed Atroposelective Reductive Aldol Reaction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:12134-12141. [PMID: 37745194 PMCID: PMC10513111 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A highly enantio- and diastereoselective dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of configurationally labile 3-aryl indole-2-carbaldehydes is described. The DKR proceeds via a Rh-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric reductive aldol reaction with acrylate esters, with simultaneous generation of three stereogenic elements. The strategy relies on the labilization of the stereogenic axis that takes place thanks to a transient Lewis acid-base interaction (LABI) between the formyl group and a thioether moiety strategically located at the ortho' position. The atropisomeric indole products present a high degree of functionalization and can be further converted to a series of axially chiral derivatives, thereby expanding their potential application in drug discovery and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodríguez-Franco
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Abel Ros
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Instituto
de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M. Lassaletta
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentín Hornillos
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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4
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Kim A, Lee C, Song J, Lee SK, Kwon Y. All-round catalytic and atroposelective strategy via dynamic kinetic resolution for N-/2-/3-arylindoles. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5502. [PMID: 37679348 PMCID: PMC10485016 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As the complexity of organic molecules utilized by mankind increases, the phenomenon of atropisomerism is more frequently encountered. While a variety of well-established methods enable the control of a stereogenic center, a catalytic method for controlling a stereogenic axis in one substrate is typically unavailable for controlling axial chirality in other substrates with a similar structure. Herein, we report o-amidobiaryl as a flexible platform for chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed atroposelective dynamic kinetic resolution. To demonstrate our strategy, three distinct types of arylindoles were utilized and reacted intermolecularly with ketomalonate in the presence of chiral phosphoric acid. An investigation of 46 substrates having an aromatic ring in different positions yields the desired products with excellent enantioselectivities. Computational investigation into the origin of enantioselectivity highlights the importance of the NH group. Given the biological significance of indoles, antiproliferative effects have been investigated; our scaffold exhibits good efficacy in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Kwon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Wu P, Yu L, Gao CH, Cheng Q, Deng S, Jiao Y, Tan W, Shi F. Design and synthesis of axially chiral aryl-pyrroloindoles via the strategy of organocatalytic asymmetric (2 + 3) cyclization. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:237-248. [PMID: 38932922 PMCID: PMC11197731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric construction of axially chiral indole-based frameworks is an important area of research due to the unique characteristics of such frameworks. Nevertheless, research in this area is still in its infancy and has some challenges, such as designing and constructing new classes of axially chiral indole-based scaffolds and developing their applications in chiral catalysts, ligands, etc. To overcome these challenges, we present herein the design and atroposelective synthesis of aryl-pyrroloindoles as a new class of axially chiral indole-based scaffolds via the strategy of organocatalytic asymmetric (2 + 3) cyclization between 3-arylindoles and propargylic alcohols. More importantly, this new class of axially chiral scaffolds was derived into phosphines, which served as efficient chiral ligands in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. Moreover, theoretical calculations provided an in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism. This work offers a new strategy for constructing axially chiral indole-based scaffolds, which are promising for finding more applications in asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cong-Hui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Shuang Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yinchun Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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6
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Chen ZH, Li TZ, Wang NY, Ma XF, Ni SF, Zhang YC, Shi F. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral N,N'-Bisindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300419. [PMID: 36749711 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study establishes the first organocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed formal (3+2) cycloadditions of indole-based enaminones as novel platform molecules with 2,3-diketoesters, where de novo indole-ring formation is involved. Using this new strategy, various axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles were synthesized in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 87 % yield and 96 % ee). More importantly, this class of axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles exhibited some degree of cytotoxicity toward cancer cells and was derived into axially chiral phosphine ligands with high catalytic activity. This study provides a new strategy for enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles using asymmetric organocatalysis and is the first to realize the applications of such scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Han Chen
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Tian-Zhen Li
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Ning-Yi Wang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Ma
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
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7
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Wang HQ, Wu SF, Yang JR, Zhang YC, Shi F. Design and Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Indolyl-Pyrroloindoles Bearing Both Axial and Central Chirality. J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qing Wang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Jun-Ru Yang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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8
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Zhang HH, Shi F. Organocatalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Bearing Axial Chirality: Strategies and Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2562-2580. [PMID: 36053083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic atroposelective syntheses of axially chiral compounds have stimulated extensive interest in multiple communities, such as synthetic chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science, because of the intriguing characteristics of atropisomerism. In particular, atropisomeric indole derivatives, which contain a kind of five-membered heterocyclic framework, are widely distributed in a number of natural alkaloids, biologically relevant compounds, chiral ligands, and chiral organocatalysts. Hence, the catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality is of considerable importance and has become an emerging focus of research. However, there are substantial challenges associated with the atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives, including remote ortho-substituents around the chiral axis, a lower barrier for rotation, and a weaker configurational stability than that of atropisomeric six-membered biaryls. Therefore, the development of effective strategies toward the catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives has become an urgent task.In order to tackle these challenges and to accomplish the task, our group devised a unique strategy of designing indole-derived platform molecules and developing organocatalytic enantioselective transformations of such platform molecules to synthesize atropisomeric indole derivatives; asymmetric organocatalysis has tremendous advantages and was the research area recognized by the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2021. This Account summarizes our endeavors in the organocatalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality. In brief, we devised and developed a series of indole-derived platform molecules, such as indolylmethanols, (hetero)aryl indoles, oxindole-based styrenes, N-aminoindoles, and indole-based homophthalic anhydrides, by introducing different functional groups onto the indole ring to achieve new reactivity and modulate the reactive site of the indole ring. As a result, these indole-derived platform molecules possess versatile and unique reactivity and are capable of undergoing a variety of organocatalytic enantioselective transformations for preparing structurally diversified indole derivatives with axial chirality.We used these strategies to accomplish the atroposelective synthesis of plenty of indole derivatives with axial chirality, including (hetero)aryl indoles, alkene-indoles, oxindole-based styrenes, N-pyrrolylindoles, and isochromenone-indoles. In addition, we gave a thorough and detailed understanding of the designed reaction by investigating the reaction pathway and activation mode. More importantly, we studied the biological activity of some products and performed catalyst design on the basis of atropisomeric indole moieties, which are helpful for disclosing more applications of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality.In the future, the organocatalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality will indubitably remain a frontier topic in the research area of asymmetric catalysis and chiral indole chemistry despite challenging issues, for instance, the atroposelective synthesis of novel indole derivatives bearing an unconventional chiral axis, the development of atropisomeric indole derivatives into powerful catalysts or ligands, and the discovery of atroposelective indole derivatives as potent drug candidates. We hope our efforts summarized in this Account will encourage chemists worldwide to devise innovative strategies toward solving the challenging issues that remain in this field, thus promoting its development to a higher level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hao Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Road No. 21, Wujin District, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Road No. 21, Wujin District, Changzhou 213164, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road No. 101, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, China
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9
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Hang QQ, Wu SF, Yang S, Wang X, Zhong Z, Zhang YC, Shi F. Design and catalytic atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral isochromenone-indoles. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Synthesis of optical active tetramethyl-1,1′-spirobiindane-based iodoarenes and evaluation of their use as axially chiral organocatalysts. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Zhou XJ, Zhao JQ, Lai YQ, You Y, Wang ZH, Yuan WC. Organocatalyzed asymmetric dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. Chirality 2022; 34:1019-1034. [PMID: 35521642 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A readily available chiral cyclohexanediamine-derived bifunctional tertiary amine-squaramide catalyst is more effective for the asymmetric dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. A range of structurally diverse spiro-fused polyheterocyclic compounds containing oxindole, pyrrolidine, and hydrobenzofuran motifs were smoothly obtained in excellent results (up to 99% yield, >20:1 dr in all cases and up to 99% ee). This method features high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, exquisite asymmetric induction, wide functional group tolerance, great potential for scale-up synthesis, and attractive product diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jian Zhou
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue-Qin Lai
- Zhejiang Jinhua Conba Bio-Pharm. Co. Ltd., Jinhua, China
| | - Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Chen KW, Chen ZH, Yang S, Wu SF, Zhang YC, Shi F. Organocatalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of N-N Axially Chiral Indoles and Pyrroles by De Novo Ring Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116829. [PMID: 35080808 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The first highly atroposelective construction of N-N axially chiral indole scaffolds was established via a new strategy of de novo ring formation. This strategy makes use of the organocatalytic asymmetric Paal-Knorr reaction of well-designed N-aminoindoles with 1,4-diketones, thus affording N-pyrrolylindoles in high yields and with excellent atroposelectivities (up to 98 % yield, 96 % ee). In addition, this strategy is applicable for the atroposelective synthesis of N-N axially chiral bispyrroles (up to 98 % yield, 97 % ee). More importantly, such N-N axially chiral heterocycles can be converted into chiral organocatalysts with applications in asymmetric catalysis, and some molecules display potent anticancer activity. This work not only provides a new strategy for the atroposelective synthesis of N-N axially chiral molecules but also offers new members of the N-N atropisomer family with promising applications in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Zhi-Han Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
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13
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Chen K, Chen Z, Yang S, Wu S, Zhang Y, Shi F. Organocatalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of N−N Axially Chiral Indoles and Pyrroles by De Novo Ring Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Zhi‐Han Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Shu‐Fang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Yu‐Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
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14
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15
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Li J, Wei Z, Cao J, Liang D, Lin Y, Duan H. Aymmetric Aza-Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Isatin-Derived Ketimines with Indoles Catalyzed by a Chiral Phase-Transfer Catalyst. J Org Chem 2022; 87:2532-2542. [PMID: 35084194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective aza-Friedel-Crafts reaction of 1H-indoles with isatin-derived N-Cbz-ketimines catalyzed by quinine-derived phase-transfer catalysts was developed. A series of chiral 3-aminobisindole compounds containing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter were constructed by this protocol in high yields (82-91%) and moderate to excellent enantioselectivities (46-94% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhonglin Wei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jungang Cao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dapeng Liang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yingjie Lin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haifeng Duan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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16
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Torán R, Puchán D, Sanz-Marco A, Vila C, Pedro JR, Blay G. Organocatalytic enantioselective Mannich reaction of isoxazol-5(4 H)-ones to isatin-derived ketimines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8395-8399. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01692c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An efficient organocatalytic asymmetric Mannich reaction between isoxazol-5(4H)-ones and isatin-derived ketimines has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Torán
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
| | - Dario Puchán
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
| | - Amparo Sanz-Marco
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carlos Vila
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
| | - José R. Pedro
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Blay
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de València, 46100-Burjassot, Spain
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17
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Zhang H, Shi F. Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions Using 2-Indolylmethanols as Platform Molecules. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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del Corte X, Martínez de Marigorta E, Palacios F, Vicario J, Maestro A. An overview of the applications of chiral phosphoric acid organocatalysts in enantioselective additions to CO and CN bonds. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01209j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since 2004, chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) have emerged as highyl efficient organocatalysts, providing excellent results in a wide reaction scope. In this review, the applications of CPA for enantioselective additions to CO and CN bonds are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier del Corte
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Edorta Martínez de Marigorta
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Javier Vicario
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Aitor Maestro
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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19
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Cen S, Zhang Z. Synthesis of Biphenanthrol-Based Confined Chiral Phosphoric Acid. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Liang H, Zhu G, Pu X, Qiu L. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective C-H Arylation between 2-Arylindoles and Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Org Lett 2021; 23:9246-9250. [PMID: 34806895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed enantioselective C-H arylation between 2-arylindoles and hypervalent iodine reagents has been successfully developed, which provides a convenient and economical route to the highly atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral indole derivatives with a 2-aryl structure (up to 99% ee). Density functional theory calculations and wave function analysis show that the key "sandwich" intermediate leads to high enantioselectivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liang
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guoxun Zhu
- Electronic/IT-related Chemicals Lab, Guangdong Institute of Analysis, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pu
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liqin Qiu
- School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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21
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Woldegiorgis AG, Lin X. Recent advances in the asymmetric phosphoric acid-catalyzed synthesis of axially chiral compounds. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2729-2764. [PMID: 34876929 PMCID: PMC8609246 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the synthesis of axially chiral compounds has received considerable attention due to their extensive application as biologically active compounds in medicinal chemistry and as chiral ligands in asymmetric catalysis. Chiral phosphoric acids are recognized as efficient organocatalysts for a variety of enantioselective transformations. In this review, we summarize the recent development of chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed synthesis of a wide range of axially chiral biaryls, heterobiaryls, vinylarenes, N-arylamines, spiranes, and allenes with high efficiency and excellent stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xufeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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22
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Guo D, Peng Q, Zhang B, Wang J. Atroposelective Dynamic Kinetic Resolution via In Situ Hemiaminals Catalyzed by N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Org Lett 2021; 23:7765-7770. [PMID: 34569804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral amino acids and its derivatives are vital building blocks of bioactive molecules, artificial peptides, and asymmetric catalysts. Herein, we report an unprecedented carbene-catalyzed atroposelective dynamic kinetic resolution to access axially chiral amino esters via in situ hemiaminals. This protocol features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance and allows the rapid assembly of axially chiral amino esters in good to high yields with high enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qiupeng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Bei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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23
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Fang RJ, Yan C, Sun J, Han Y, Yan CG. Efficient synthesis of polyfunctionalized carbazoles and pyrrolo[3,4 -c]carbazoles via domino Diels-Alder reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2425-2432. [PMID: 34621404 PMCID: PMC8450976 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The p-TsOH-catalyzed Diels–Alder reaction of 3-(indol-3-yl)maleimides with chalcone in toluene at 60 °C afforded two diastereoisomers of tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazoles, which can be dehydrogenated by DDQ oxidation in acetonitrile at room temperature to give the aromatized pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazoles in high yields. On the other hand, the one-pot reaction of 3-(indol-3-yl)-1,3-diphenylpropan-1-ones with chalcones or benzylideneacetone in acetonitrile in the presence of p-TsOH and DDQ resulted in polyfunctionalized carbazoles in satisfactory yields. The reaction mechanism included the DDQ oxidative dehydrogenation of 3-(indol-3-yl)-1,3-diphenylpropan-1-ones to the corresponding 3-vinylindoles, their acid-catalyzed Diels–Alder reaction and sequential aromatization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jie Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chen Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Ying Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
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24
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Wang CS, Wei L, Fu C, Wang XH, Wang CJ. Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral Naphthyl-C3-indoles via a Palladium-Catalyzed Cacchi Reaction. Org Lett 2021; 23:7401-7406. [PMID: 34533962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atropoisomeric biaryl motifs are widely found in natural products and bioactive compounds as well as chiral catalysts and ligands. Various efficient approaches have been disclosed for the construction of chiral six-six biaryl skeletons. In contrast, the enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral arylindoles through the strategy of de novo construction, other than the asymmetric functionalization of indoles, remain a challenging task. Herein we report an efficient Pd(0)/(S)-Segphos-catalyzed atroposelective Cacchi reaction of 2-alkynylanilines with sterically congested naphthyl halides, which afforded an array of naphthyl-C3-indoles in high yields with good to excellent atroposelectivities. The addition of water and the modulation of the manipulation procedure by premixing the palladium complex and the naphthyl halide were the keys to success. The conformational stability of the obtained axially chiral naphthyl-C3-indole containing a synthetically more-valuable free NH moiety is revealed through kinetic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Shuai Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liang Wei
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cong Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xin-Heng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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25
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He X, Wang C, Wen Y, Wang Z, Qian S. Recent Advances in Catalytic Atroposelective Construction of Pentatomic Heterobiaryl Scaffolds. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Long He
- School of Food and Bioengineering Xihua University Chengdu 610039 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering Xihua University Chengdu 610039 P. R. China
| | - You‐Wu Wen
- School of Food and Bioengineering Xihua University Chengdu 610039 P. R. China
| | - Zhouyu Wang
- School of Science Xihua University Chengdu 610039 P. R. China
| | - Shan Qian
- School of Food and Bioengineering Xihua University Chengdu 610039 P. R. China
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26
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Wang J, Sun M, Yu X, Zhang Y, Tan W, Shi F. Atroposelective Construction of Axially Chiral
Alkene‐Indole
Scaffolds
via
Catalytic Enantioselective Addition Reaction of
3‐Alkynyl
‐2‐indolylmethanols
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Meng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Xian‐Yang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Yu‐Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
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27
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Huang CM, Li J, Wang SL, Ai JJ, Liu XY, Rao WD, Wang SY. Transition-Metal-Free Decarboxylative Cyclization of N-Arylacrylamides with 2,2-Difluoro-2-(phenylthio)acetic Acid: Synthesis of Thiodifluorooxindole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8437-8447. [PMID: 34042441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient transition-metal-free decarboxylative cyclization of N-arylacrylamides with 2,2-difluoro-2-(phenylthio)acetic acid for the construction of thiodifluoroindoleone derivatives is described. This strategy features stable and readily available substrates, mild reaction conditions, and transition-metal-free catalysts. Notably, this protocol has successfully applied to synthesis of gem-difluoroalkenes, which exist in numerous biologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Mi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Le Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Ai
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Rao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, College and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shun-Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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28
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Lin X, Wang L, Han Z, Chen Z. Chiral Spirocyclic Phosphoric Acids and Their Growing Applications. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Zhao Han
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Zhouli Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
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29
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Cheng JK, Xiang SH, Li S, Ye L, Tan B. Recent Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Atropisomers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4805-4902. [PMID: 33775097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 129.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atropisomerism is a stereochemical behavior portrayed by three-dimensional molecules that bear rotationally restricted σ bond. Akin to the well-represented point-chiral molecules, atropisomerically chiral compounds are finding increasing utilities in many disciplines where molecular asymmetry is influential. This provides steady demand on atroposelective synthesis, where numerous synthetic pursuits have been rewarded with conceptually novel and streamlined methods while expanding the structural diversity of atropisomers. This review summarizes key achievements in stereoselective preparation of biaryl, heterobiaryl, and nonbiaryl atropisomers documented between 2015 and 2020. Emphasis is placed on the synthetic strategies for each structural class, while examples are cited to illustrate the potential applications of the accessed atropochiral targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kee Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shaoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liu Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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30
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Wang HQ, Ma W, Sun A, Sun XY, Jiang C, Zhang YC, Shi F. (4 + 2) cyclization of aza- o-quinone methides with azlactones: construction of biologically important dihydroquinolinone frameworks. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1334-1343. [PMID: 33464269 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02388d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A base-promoted (4 + 2) cyclization of aza-o-quinone methides (aza-o-QMs) in situ generated from N-(o-chloromethyl)aryl amides was established. In this approach, azlactones were utilized as competent two-atom reaction partners to undergo (4 + 2) cyclization with aza-o-QMs, which afforded a series of dihydroquinolinone derivatives in overall good yields (up to 98%). This protocol has not only advanced the development of aza-o-QM-involved reactions, but also offered a useful method for constructing biologically important dihydroquinolinone frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Core Facility Center of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Ao Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Xin-Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Chao Jiang
- Core Facility Center of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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31
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Tu MS, Chen KW, Wu P, Zhang YC, Liu XQ, Shi F. Advances in organocatalytic asymmetric reactions of vinylindoles: powerful access to enantioenriched indole derivatives. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01643h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes advances in vinylindole-based organocatalytic asymmetric reactions since 2008 and includes the applications of some methodologies in the total synthesis of natural products, points out remaining challenges in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Su Tu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Ke-Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- the Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- China
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32
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Wan X, Sun M, Wang JY, Yu L, Wu Q, Zhang YC, Shi F. Regio- and enantioselective ring-opening reaction of vinylcyclopropanes with indoles under cooperative catalysis. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00699h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The title reaction has been established under the cooperative bimetallic catalysis of iridium and copper catalysts, which afforded indole C3-allylation products with branched selectivity in moderate yields and good enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- 221116
- China
| | - Meng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- 221116
- China
| | - Jing-Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- 221116
- China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- 221116
- China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering
- Xuzhou University of Technology
- Xuzhou 221018
- China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- 221116
- China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou
- 221116
- China
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33
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Miao H, Bai X, Wang L, Yu J, Bu Z, Wang Q. Diastereoselective construction of cage-like and bridged azaheterocycles through dearomative maximization of the reactive sites of azaarenes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01196g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereoselective multicomponent dearomative multifunctionalization of N-alkyl activated azaarenes with 1,5-diazapentadienium salts has been developed to access structurally rigid and synthetically challenging cage-like and bridged azaheterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Miao
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Xuguan Bai
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Lele Wang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Junhui Yu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Zhanwei Bu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- PR China
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34
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Zhao QR, Jiang R, You SL. Ir-catalyzed Sequential Asymmetric Allylic Substitution/Olefin Isomerization for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral Compounds. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/a21070320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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35
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Shu S, Huang Z, Chen Y, Yang S, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Rh(III)-Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation of Indoles with Sulfoxonium Ylides for the Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidoindolone Derivatives. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202103027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Wang D, Xiao F, Zhang F, Huang H, Deng G. Copper‐Catalyzed
Aerobic Oxidative Ring Expansion of Isatins: A Facile Entry to
Isoquinolino‐Fused
Quinazolinones. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan 411105 China
| | - Fuhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan 411105 China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan 411105 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan 410128 China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan 411105 China
| | - Guo‐Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Organic Synthesis and Application College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University Xiangtan Hunan 411105 China
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37
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Shao Y, Cheng D. Chiral Phosphoric Acid: A Powerful Organocatalyst for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Heterocycles with Chiral Atropisomerism. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You‐Dong Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Heze University Heze 274015 P. R. China
| | - Dao‐Juan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei 230012 P. R. China
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38
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Uçar S, Daştan A. Transition Metal-Free Heteroarylation of Quinoxaline: Construction of Heteroaryl-Fused Phenazines by Oxidative Coupling. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15502-15513. [PMID: 33185428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A concise method for the construction of heteroaryl-fused phenazines was developed via PIFA-BF3·Et2O-mediated oxidative coupling of di-heteroarylated quinoxalines for the first time. Synthesis of mono- and di-heteroarylation of quinoxaline was performed effectively using only LiTMP reagent under transition metal-free conditions and without the use of halogen-containing starting compounds. In addition, nonsymmetrical di-heteroarylated quinoxalines were synthesized through reheteroarylation of mono-heteroarylated quinoxalines in the same way. Oxidation of the saturated compounds formed after heteroarylation was easily accomplished with iodine. The UV-vis absorption and fluorescence features of some compounds were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Uçar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Arif Daştan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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39
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Shamaei A, Mahmoudi B, Kazemnejadi M, Nasseri MA. Mg‐catalyzed one‐pot preparation of benzimidazoles and spirooxindoles by an immobilized chlorophyll
b
on magnetic nanoparticles. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Shamaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran
| | - Boshra Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran
- Research Center Sulaimani Polytechnic University Sulaimani Iraq
| | - Milad Kazemnejadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Birjand Birjand Iran
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40
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Hang Q, Liu S, Yu L, Sun T, Zhang Y, Mei G, Shi F. Design and Application of
Indole‐Based
Allylic Donors for
Pd‐Catalyzed
Decarboxylative Allylation Reactions
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Qing Hang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Si‐Jia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Ting‐Ting Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Yu‐Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Guang‐Jian Mei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
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41
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Hu Y, Shi W, Zheng B, Liao J, Wang W, Wu Y, Guo H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric C(sp
2
)−H Allylic Alkylation: Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Hu
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Wangyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Jianning Liao
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Public Health Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
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42
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Hu Y, Shi W, Zheng B, Liao J, Wang W, Wu Y, Guo H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric C(sp
2
)−H Allylic Alkylation: Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19820-19824. [PMID: 32820579 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Hu
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Wangyu Shi
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Jianning Liao
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Public Health Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry China Agricultural University 2 West Yuanmingyuan Road Beijing 100193 P. R. China
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43
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Li T, Liu S, Tan W, Shi F. Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Axially Chiral Indole‐Based Frameworks: An Emerging Area. Chemistry 2020; 26:15779-15792. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian‐Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China
| | - Si‐Jia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 P. R. China
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44
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Zhou J, Li T, Sun Y, Du B, Tan W, Shi F. Chiral Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition of Benzofuran‐Derived Azadienes with 3‐Substituted indoles. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 R. P. China
| | - Tian‐Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 R. P. China
| | - Yu‐Wen Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 R. P. China
| | - Bai‐Xiang Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 R. P. China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 R. P. China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 R. P. China
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45
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Ma C, Sheng FT, Wang HQ, Deng S, Zhang YC, Jiao Y, Tan W, Shi F. Atroposelective Access to Oxindole-Based Axially Chiral Styrenes via the Strategy of Catalytic Kinetic Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15686-15696. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Feng-Tao Sheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Hai-Qing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shuang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yinchun Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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46
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Deng S, Qu C, Jiao Y, Liu W, Shi F. Insights into 2-Indolylmethanol-Involved Cycloadditions: Origins of Regioselectivity and Enantioselectivity. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11641-11653. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Chenxi Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yinchun Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecular, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Wanqiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecular, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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47
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Zhang YZ, Sheng FT, Zhu Z, Li ZM, Zhang S, Tan W, Shi F. Organocatalytic C3-functionalization of indolizines: synthesis of biologically important indolizine derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5688-5696. [PMID: 32662808 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01230k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A Brønsted acid-catalyzed C3-alkylation of indolizines has been established with different electrophiles such as ortho-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, other precursors of para-quinone methides and ortho-quinone methides, and 2-indolylmethanol as well. By using this approach, a series of C3-functionalized indolizines were synthesized in overall good yields (up to 89%). These examples demonstrate that the Brønsted acid-catalyzed C3-alkylation of indolizines has a wide applicability, which can serve as a useful method for synthesizing C3-functionalized indolizine derivatives with structural diversity. This reaction has fulfilled the task of developing organocatalytic C3-functionalization of indolizines for the synthesis of biologically important indolizine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Feng-Tao Sheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Zuoquan Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and the Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and the Department of Radiotherapy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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48
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Chen KW, Wang ZS, Wu P, Yan XY, Zhang S, Zhang YC, Shi F. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,3′-Bisindoles Bearing Single Axial Chirality. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10152-10166. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Zhao-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Ping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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49
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Zhou SJ, Sun M, Wang JY, Yu XY, Lu H, Zhang YC, Shi F. Metal-Catalyzed Regiospecific (4+3) Cyclization of 2-Indolylmethanols with ortho
-Quinone Methides. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
| | - Meng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
| | - Jing-Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
| | - Xian-Yang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
| | - Han Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; 221116 Xuzhou China
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50
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Xi CC, Zhao XJ, Tian JM, Chen ZM, Zhang K, Zhang FM, Tu YQ, Dong JW. Atroposelective Synthesis of Axially Chiral 3-Arylindoles by Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cross-Coupling of Indoles with Quinones and Naphthoquinones. Org Lett 2020; 22:4995-5000. [PMID: 32610934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed direct asymmetric coupling of C2 sterically-hindering-group-substituted indoles with quinone and naphthoquinone esters was developed by using the spirocyclic pyrrolidine oxazoline (SPDO) ligand, which was accomplished by metal catalysis for the first time. Diverse structures of axially chiral 3-arylindoles were obtained with good to high enantioselectivities in good to high yields. This protocol can be expanded to implement β-coupling with naphthoquinone esters, providing an alternative way to prepare β-substituted derivatives of both naphthols and naphthoquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chao Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Miao Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Min Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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