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Xiao M, Chen C, Wang J, Cai A, Zhou D, Liu G, Feng Y. Association of adiposity indices with prehypertension among Chinese adults: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:470-479. [PMID: 36974365 PMCID: PMC10184478 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The association of adiposity indices with prehypertension remains unclear in the Chinese non-hypertensive population. This study aimed to compare the association of adiposity indices, including waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio, body roundness index (BRI), a body shape index (ABSI), and conicity index (CI), and prehypertension in the Chinese population. We recruited 61 475 participants from a population-based screening project in Guangdong province, China. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to detect the association between the six adiposity indices and prehypertension. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the predictive values of adiposity indices to prehypertension. The individuals were divided into two categories by blood pressure (BP) levels: normotension (<120/80 mmHg) and prehypertension (120-139/80-89 mmHg). A total of 33 233 people had prehypertension, with a prevalence of 54.04% and 42% males. Both logistics regression models presented a positive association between each adiposity index and prehypertension (p < .05), except for ABSI. The body mass index (BMI) was slightly more correlated with prehypertension than any other index. The standardized ORs for the six indices were 1.392, 1.361, 1.406, 1.039, 1.372, and 1.151, respectively. Compared to other adiposity indices, the WC had a significantly higher area under the curve (AUC) for predicting prehypertension (AUC: .619, sensitivity: 57%, specificity: 60.6%). In conclusion, WC and BMI might be the best indicators for prehypertension. Increasing evidence supports avoiding obesity as a preferred primary prevention strategy for prehypertension while controlling other major hypertension risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine CenterAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
- Department of CardiologyGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Chaolei Chen
- Department of CardiologyGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Department of CardiologyGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Anping Cai
- Department of CardiologyGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of CardiologyGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Guangyan Liu
- Gerontology CenterAffiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiangChina
| | - Yingqing Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicinethe First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of CardiologyGuangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People's HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina
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Hu L, Hu G, Huang X, Zhou W, You C, Li J, Li P, Wu Y, Wu Q, Wang Z, Gao R, Bao H, Cheng X. Different adiposity indices and their associations with hypertension among Chinese population from Jiangxi province. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:115. [PMID: 32138664 PMCID: PMC7059680 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, the best adiposity index that predicts or associates strongly with hypertension remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to compare the performance of different adiposity indices [BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), WHtR (waist-to-height ratio), ABSI (a body shape index), VAI (visceral adipose index), BFP (body fat percentage)] as associates and potential predictors of risk of hypertension among Chinese population. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jiangxi province, China from 2013 to 2014. A total of 14,573 participants were included in the study. The physical measurements included body height, weight, WC, BFP and VAI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the associations between different adiposity indices and the prevalence of hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also performed. RESULTS All adiposity indices were independently and positively associated with the prevalence of hypertension in a dose response fashion. The area under the curves (AUCs) for WHtR, BFP and VAI were significantly larger than those for other adiposity indices in both males and females (all P < 0.01). For males, no statistically significant difference was found in AUCs among WHtR and BFP (0.653 vs. 0.647, P = 0.4774). The AUC of WHtR was significantly higher than VAI (0.653 vs. 0.636, P < 0.01). For females, the AUCs demonstrated that WHtR was significantly more powerful than BFP and VAI (both P < 0.05) for predicting hypertension [WHtR, 0.689 (0.677-0.702); BFP, 0.677 (0.664-0.690); VAI, 0.668 (0.655-0.680)]. Whereas no significant differences were found in AUCs for hypertension among BFP and VAI in both sexes (all P > 0.1). The AUCs for hypertension associated with each adiposity index declined with age in both males and females. For subjects aged < 65 years, WHtR still had the largest AUC. However, for participants aged ≥65 years, BMI had the largest AUC. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that WHtR was the best for predicting hypertension, followed by BFP and VAI, especially in younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Guiping Hu
- School of Medical Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunjiao You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Zengwu Wang
- Division of Prevention and Community Health, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Runlin Gao
- Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Bao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China.
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Oliveras A. Prognostic value of adiposity indices for hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2019; 21:1505-1506. [PMID: 31498538 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Oliveras
- Hypertension Unit, Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Wang S, Peng R, Liang S, Dong K, Nie W, Yang Q, Ma N, Zhang J, Wang K, Song C. Comparison of adiposity indices in relation to prehypertension by age and gender: A community-based survey in Henan, China. Clin Cardiol 2018; 41:1583-1592. [PMID: 30284305 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the efficiency of bioelectrical indices (visceral fat index [VFI], percentage body fat [PBF]) and anthropometric indices (body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, a body shape index ) in the relation to prehypertension (120-139/80-89 mm Hg) among the Chinese population. METHODS Using stratified multistage random sampling method, a general population-based sample of 11 175 adults in Henan province were selected from 2013 to 2015. The individuals were divided into three categories by blood pressure levels: normotension (<120 and 80 mm Hg), stage 1 prehypertension (120-129/80-84 mm Hg) and stage 2 prehypertension (130-139/85-89 mm Hg). RESULTS VFI and PBF tended to increase with age in men and women. However, for each age-specific group, men tended to have higher VFI than women (all P < 0.01) and women tended to have greater PBF (all P < 0.0001). The odds ratios (OR) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for prehypertension associated with adiposity indices declined with age. VFI and PBF showed higher standardized adjusted ORs for prehypertension in young (~40 years) men (VFI: 2.02-3.05; PBF: 1.82-2.80) and young women (VFI: 1.90-2.58; PBF:1.70-2.29). Moreover, based on Youden's index, VFI and PBF exhibited the superiority for identifying prehypertension in men (0.20-0.32) and women (0.31-0.39), respectively. CONCLUSION In summary, there was stronger association of VFI and PBF with prehypertension in men than in women, respectively, especially for young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Peng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Kaiyan Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Nie
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
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