Rho T, Jeong HW, Hong YD, Yoon K, Cho JY, Yoon KD. Identification of a novel triterpene saponin from
Panax ginseng seeds, pseudoginsenoside RT
8, and its antiinflammatory activity.
J Ginseng Res 2020;
44:145-153. [PMID:
32148397 PMCID:
PMC7033336 DOI:
10.1016/j.jgr.2018.11.001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Panax ginseng Meyer (Araliaceae) is a highly valued medicinal plant in Asian regions, especially in Korea, China, and Japan. Chemical and biological studies on P. ginseng have focused primarily on its roots, whereas the seeds remain poorly understood. This study explores the phytochemical and biological properties of compounds from P. ginseng seeds.
METHODS
P. ginseng seeds were extracted with methanol, and 16 compounds were isolated using various chromatographic methods. The chemical structures of the isolates were determined by spectroscopic data. Antiinflammatory activities were evaluated for triterpene and steroidal saponins using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and THP-1 monocyte leukemia cells.
RESULTS
Phytochemical investigation of P. ginseng seeds led to the isolation of a novel triterpene saponin, pseudoginsenoside RT8, along with 15 known compounds. Pseudoginsenoside RT8 exhibited more potent antiinflammatory activity than the other saponins, attenuating lipopolysaccharide-mediated induction of proinflammatory genes such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, and suppressed reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide generation in a dose-dependent manner.
CONCLUSION
These findings indicate that pseudoginsenoside RT8 has a pharmaceutical potential as an antiinflammatory agent and that P. ginseng seeds are a good natural source for discovering novel bioactive molecules.
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