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Cautela J, Severoni E, Redondo-Gómez C, di Gregorio MC, Del Giudice A, Sennato S, Angelini R, D'Abramo M, Schillén K, Galantini L. C-12 vs C-3 substituted bile salts: An example of the effects of substituent position and orientation on the self-assembly of steroid surfactant isomers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 185:110556. [PMID: 31704607 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecule derivatives are transversally used in nanotechnology. Deciphering their aggregation behavior is a crucial issue for the rational design of functional materials. To this end, it is necessary to build libraries of selectively functionalized analogues and infer general rules. In this work we enrich the highly applicative oriented collection of steroid derivatives, by reporting a rare example of C-12 selectively modified bile salt. While nature often exploits such position to encode functions, it is unusual and not trivial to prepare similar analogues in the laboratory. The introduction of a tert-butyl phenyl residue at C-12 provided a molecule with a self-assembly that remarkably switched from rigid pole-like structures to twisted ribbons at a biologically relevant critical temperature (∼25 °C). The system was characterized by microscopy and spectroscopy techniques and compared with the C-3 functionalized analogue. The twisted ribbons generate samples with a gel texture and a viscoelastic response. The parallel analysis of the two systems suggested that the observed thermoresponsive self-assemblies occur at similar critical temperatures and are probably dictated by the nature of the substituent, but involve aggregates with different structures depending on position and orientation of the substituent. This study highlights the self-assembly properties of two appealing thermoresponsive systems. Moreover, it adds fundamental insights hereto missing in the investigations of the relation between self-assembly and structure of synthetic steroids, which are valuable for the rational design of steroidal amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Cautela
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Severoni
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlos Redondo-Gómez
- Escuela de Química, Centro de Investigación en Electroquímica y Energía Química (CELEQ), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | | | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC Sede Sapienza, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta Angelini
- CNR-ISC Sede Sapienza, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco D'Abramo
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Karin Schillén
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Luciano Galantini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Pyne A, Kundu S, Banerjee P, Sarkar N. Unveiling the Aggregation Behavior of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride in Aqueous Solution of 1-Octyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride and the Effect of Bile Salt on These Aggregates: A Microscopic Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3296-3306. [PMID: 29474788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we have unveiled the aggregation behavior of a potent chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox) in a well-known imidazolium based surface active ionic liquid (SAIL), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C8mimCl). The aggregates formed by Dox in C8mimCl have been characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), analytical transmission electron microscopy (analytical TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. It is found that Dox forms large spherical aggregates in the presence of C8mimCl SAIL. We have also explored the driving force behind this aggregation behavior of Dox in C8mimCl. Furthermore, it is observed that in the presence of a common bile salt, sodium cholate (NaCh), Dox/C8mimCl spherical aggregates disrupt to form rodlike fibrillar aggregates. Therefore, formation of spherical aggregates and also its disruption into rodlike fibrillar aggregates have been performed, and this is expected to open a new scope for the design of a new generation smart drug delivery system where the drug itself aggregates to form the delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghajit Pyne
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Sangita Kundu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Pavel Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
| | - Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , West Bengal , India
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Ganguly A, Ghosh S, Guchhait N. Modulated photophysics of an anthracene-based fluorophore within bile-salt aggregates: the effect of the ionic strength of the medium on the aggregation behavior. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:2168-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Binding interactions of an anthracene-based fluorescent probe with a series of bile-salt aggregates of varying hydrophobicity, as well as salt induced alterations of the binding behavior have been thoroughly demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soumen Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Calcutta-700009
- India
| | - Nikhil Guchhait
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Calcutta-700009
- India
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Banerjee C, Ghosh S, Mandal S, Kuchlyan J, Kundu N, Sarkar N. Exploring the photophysics of curcumin in zwitterionic micellar system: an approach to control ESIPT process in the presence of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) and anionic surfactant. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:3669-81. [PMID: 24617495 DOI: 10.1021/jp411778q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we have modulated the photophysical properties of curcumin in a zwitterionic (N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio-1-propanesulfonate (SB-16)) micellar aggregates with addition of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) as well as commonly used anionic surfactant (SDS), using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. To modulate the photophysics, first we studied its interaction with an SB-16 micellar system, then to further exploit its photophysics, three RTILs (EmimES, EmimBS, EmimHS) with variation of alkyl chain lengths as well as SDS were used. It is observed that the rate of degradation of curcumin is drastically decreased after partitioning into the zwitterionic micellar system. It is shown that the dynamics of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) processes can be controlled by using those RTILs and SDS. Our study also reveals that the hindrance of nonradiative processes of curcumin, i.e., ESIPT is more pronounced in the case of RTIL containing a long alkyl chain compared to a small one. However, most interestingly the addition of long chain (dodecyl) anionic surfactant (SDS) promotes the ESIPT process of curcumin. We have also studied the effect of the addition of inorganic salt and compared the results with RTILs. The present work demonstrates an effort to decipher the photophysics of curcumin in zwitterionic micellar systems by monitoring its excited state dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjib Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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Arnoldini M, Heck T, Blanco-Fernández A, Hammes F. Monitoring of dynamic microbiological processes using real-time flow cytometry. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80117. [PMID: 24244624 PMCID: PMC3828236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a straightforward approach to continuously monitor a variety of highly dynamic microbiological processes in millisecond resolution with flow cytometry, using standard bench-top instrumentation. Four main experimental examples are provided, namely: (1) green fluorescent protein expression by antibiotic-stressed Escherichia coli, (2) fluorescent labeling of heat-induced membrane damage in an autochthonous freshwater bacterial community, (3) the initial growth response of late stationary E. coli cells inoculated into fresh growth media, and (4) oxidative disinfection of a mixed culture of auto-fluorescent microorganisms. These examples demonstrate the broad applicability of the method to diverse biological experiments, showing that it allows the collection of detailed, time-resolved information on complex processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Arnoldini
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Heck
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Empa -Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Alfonso Blanco-Fernández
- Flow Cytometry Core Facilities, UCD-Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frederik Hammes
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag - Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Balintová J, Plucnara M, Vidláková P, Pohl R, Havran L, Fojta M, Hocek M. Benzofurazane as a New Redox Label for Electrochemical Detection of DNA: Towards Multipotential Redox Coding of DNA Bases. Chemistry 2013; 19:12720-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Mandal S, Ghosh S, Aggala HHK, Banerjee C, Rao VG, Sarkar N. Modulation of the photophysical properties of 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3'-diol inside bile salt aggregates: a fluorescence-based study for the molecular recognition of bile salts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:133-143. [PMID: 23215031 DOI: 10.1021/la304319r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
2,2'-Bipyridine-3,3'-diol (BP(OH)(2)) has been used as a sensitive excited-state intramolecular proton transfer fluorophore to assess different bile salt aggregates as one of the potential biologically relevant host systems useful for carrying many sparingly water-soluble drug molecules. The formation of inclusion complexes, complex-induced fluorescence behavior, and their binding ability have been investigated from the modulated photophysics of BP(OH)(2) by means of photophysical techniques. The constrained hydrophobic environment provided by the aggregates significantly reduces the water-assisted nonradiative decay channels and lengthens the fluorescence lifetime of the proton-transferred DK tautomer. Both the absorption and fluorescence properties of BP(OH)(2) are found to be sensitive to the change in the structure, size, and hydrophobicity of the aggregates. Fluorescence quenching experiments were performed to gain insight into the differential distribution of the probe molecules between bulk aqueous phase and nanocavities of various aggregates. The observation of longer fluorescence lifetime and rotational relaxation time in NaDC aggregates compared to that in NaCh and NaTC aggregates indicates that the binding structures of NaDC aggregates are more rigid due to its greater hydrophobicity and larger size and therefore provide better protection to the bound guest. It is noteworthy to mention that the hydrophobic microenvironments provided by bile salt aggregates are much stronger than that provided by micelles and cyclodextrins. The accessibility of water to the aggregate-bound guest can significantly be enhanced with the addition of organic cosolvents. However, the efficiency decreases in the order of dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, and methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
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Nuin E, Gómez-Mendoza M, Andreu I, Marin ML, Miranda MA. New Photoactive Compounds To Probe Cholic Acid and Cholesterol inside Mixed Micelles. Org Lett 2012; 15:298-301. [DOI: 10.1021/ol303201y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Nuin
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Unidad Mixta de Investigación IIS La Fe−UPV, Hospital La Fe, Avda. Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez-Mendoza
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Unidad Mixta de Investigación IIS La Fe−UPV, Hospital La Fe, Avda. Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Andreu
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Unidad Mixta de Investigación IIS La Fe−UPV, Hospital La Fe, Avda. Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Luisa Marin
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Unidad Mixta de Investigación IIS La Fe−UPV, Hospital La Fe, Avda. Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química (UPV-CSIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain, and Unidad Mixta de Investigación IIS La Fe−UPV, Hospital La Fe, Avda. Campanar 21, 46009 Valencia, Spain
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Májer F, Salomon JJ, Sharma R, Etzbach SV, Najib MNM, Keaveny R, Long A, Wang J, Ehrhardt C, Gilmer JF. New fluorescent bile acids: synthesis, chemical characterization, and disastereoselective uptake by Caco-2 cells of 3-deoxy 3-NBD-amino deoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acid. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:1767-78. [PMID: 22316556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Deoxycholic acid (DCA), a secondary bile acid (BA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a tertiary BA, cause opposing effects in vivo and in cell suspensions. Fluorescent analogues of DCA and UDCA could help investigate important questions about their cellular interactions and distribution. We have prepared a set of isomeric 3α- and 3β-amino analogues of UDCA and DCA and derivatised these with the discrete fluorophore, 4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazol (NBD), forming the corresponding four fluorescent adducts. These absorb in the range 465-470 nm and fluoresce at approx. 535 nm. In order to determine the ability of the new fluorescent bile acids to mimic the parents, their uptake was studied using monolayers of Caco-2 cells, which are known to express multiple proteins of the organic anion-transporting peptide (OATP) subfamily of transporters. Cellular uptake was monitored over time at 4 and 37°C to distinguish between passive and active transport. All four BA analogues were taken up but in a strikingly stereo- and structure-specific manner, suggesting highly discriminatory interactions with transporter protein(s). The α-analogues of DCA and to a lesser extent UDCA were actively transported, whereas the β-analogues were not. The active transport process was saturable, with Michaelis-Menten constants for 3α-NBD DCA (5) being K(m)=42.27±12.98 μM and V(max)=2.8 ± 0.4 nmol/(mg protein*min) and for 3α-NBD UDCA (3) K(m)=28.20 ± 7.45 μM and V(max)=1.8 ± 0.2 nmol/(mg protein*min). These fluorescent bile acids are promising agents for investigating questions of bile acid biology and for detection of bile acids and related organic anion transport processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Májer
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Panoz Institute, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Novel liver-specific cholic acid-cytarabine conjugates with potent antitumor activities: Synthesis and biological characterization. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:664-72. [PMID: 21516131 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Cytarabine is an efficient anticancer agent for acute myelogenous leukemia, but with short plasma half-life and rapid deamination to its inactive metabolite. The aim of this study was to design and synthesize novel cholic acid-cytarabine conjugates to improve its pharmacokinetic parameters. METHODS The in vitro stability of novel cholic acid-cytarabine conjugates was investigated in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid, mouse blood and liver homogenate using HPLC. The portacaval samples of the conjugates were examined in male Sprague-Dawley rats using LC/MS, and in vivo distribution was examined in male Kunming mice using LC/MS. Antitumor activities were tested in HL60 cells using MTT assay. RESULTS Cholic acid-cytarabine compounds with four different linkers were designed and synthesized. All the four cholic acid-cytarabine conjugates could release cytarabine when incubated with the simulated gastric and intestinal fluid, mouse blood and liver homogenate. The conjugates 6, 12, and 16 were present in the portacaval samples, whereas the conjugate 7 was not detected. The conjugates 6 and 16 showed high specificity in targeting the liver (liver target index 34.9 and 16.3, respectively) and good absorption in vivo, as compared with cytarabine. In cytarabine-sensitive HL60 cells, the conjugates 6, 12, and 16 retained potent antitumor activities. CONCLUSION Three novel cholic acid-cytarabine conjugates with good liver-targeting properties and absorption were obtained. Further optimization of the conjugates is needed in the future.
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Rembacz KP, Woudenberg J, Hoekstra M, Jonkers EZ, van den Heuvel FAJ, Buist-Homan M, Woudenberg-Vrenken TE, Rohacova J, Marin ML, Miranda MA, Moshage H, Stellaard F, Faber KN. Unconjugated bile salts shuttle through hepatocyte peroxisomes for taurine conjugation. Hepatology 2010; 52:2167-76. [PMID: 21049545 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (BAAT) conjugates bile salts to glycine or taurine, which is the final step in bile salt biosynthesis. In addition, BAAT is required for reconjugation of bile salts in the enterohepatic circulation. Recently, we showed that BAAT is a peroxisomal protein, implying shuttling of bile salts through peroxisomes for reconjugation. However, the subcellular location of BAAT remains a topic of debate. The aim of this study was to obtain direct proof for reconjugation of bile salts in peroxisomes. Primary rat hepatocytes were incubated with deuterium-labeled cholic acid (D(4)CA). Over time, media and cells were collected and the levels of D(4)CA, D(4)-tauro-CA (D(4)TCA), and D(4)-glyco-CA (D(4)GCA) were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Subcellular accumulation of D(4)-labeled bile salts was analyzed by digitonin permeabilization assays and subcellular fractionation experiments. Within 24 hours, cultured rat hepatocytes efficiently (>90%) converted and secreted 100 μM D(4)CA to D(4)TCA and D(4)GCA. The relative amounts of D(4)TCA and D(4)GCA produced were dependent on the presence of glycine or taurine in the medium. Treatment of D(4)CA-exposed hepatocytes with 30-150 μg/mL digitonin led to the complete release of D(4)CA, D(4)GCA, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (cytosolic marker). Full release of D(4)TCA, catalase, and BAAT was only observed at 500 μg/mL digitonin, indicating the presence of D(4)TCA in membrane-enclosed organelles. D(4)TCA was detected in fractions of purified peroxisomes, which did not contain D(4)CA and D(4)GCA. CONCLUSION We established a novel assay to study conjugation and intra- and transcellular transport of bile salts. Using this assay, we show that cholic acid shuttles through peroxisomes for taurine-conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof P Rembacz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Rohacova J, Marin ML, Miranda MA. Complexes between Fluorescent Cholic Acid Derivatives and Human Serum Albumin. A Photophysical Approach To Investigate the Binding Behavior. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:4710-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911114n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Rohacova
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química-Departamento de Química (UPV-CSIC), Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Luisa Marin
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química-Departamento de Química (UPV-CSIC), Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Instituto Universitario Mixto de Tecnología Química-Departamento de Química (UPV-CSIC), Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, E-46022, Valencia, Spain
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Cuquerella MC, Rohacova J, Marin ML, Miranda MA. Stereodifferentiation in fluorescence quenching within cholic acid aggregates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:4965-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc00176g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Rohacova J, Marin ML, Martínez-Romero A, O'Connor JE, Gomez-Lechon MJ, Donato MT, Castell JV, Miranda MA. Synthesis of new, UV-photoactive dansyl derivatives for flow cytometric studies on bile acid uptake. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4973-80. [DOI: 10.1039/b912134j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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