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Cong J, Liu P, Han Z, Ying W, Li C, Yang Y, Wang S, Yang J, Cao F, Shen J, Zeng Y, Bai Y, Zhou C, Ye L, Zhou R, Guo C, Cang C, Kasper DL, Song X, Dai L, Sun L, Pan W, Zhu S. Bile acids modified by the intestinal microbiota promote colorectal cancer growth by suppressing CD8 + T cell effector functions. Immunity 2024; 57:876-889.e11. [PMID: 38479384 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Concentrations of the secondary bile acid, deoxycholic acid (DCA), are aberrantly elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but the consequences remain poorly understood. Here, we screened a library of gut microbiota-derived metabolites and identified DCA as a negative regulator for CD8+ T cell effector function. Mechanistically, DCA suppressed CD8+ T cell responses by targeting plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) to inhibit Ca2+-nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)2 signaling. In CRC patients, CD8+ T cell effector function negatively correlated with both DCA concentration and expression of a bacterial DCA biosynthetic gene. Bacteria harboring DCA biosynthetic genes suppressed CD8+ T cells effector function and promoted tumor growth in mice. This effect was abolished by disrupting bile acid metabolism via bile acid chelation, genetic ablation of bacterial DCA biosynthetic pathway, or specific bacteriophage. Our study demonstrated causation between microbial DCA metabolism and anti-tumor CD8+ T cell response in CRC, suggesting potential directions for anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cong
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Pianpian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zili Han
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Wei Ying
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chaoliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Juntao Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Congzhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rongbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chunjun Guo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chunlei Cang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dennis L Kasper
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xinyang Song
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lei Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Linfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Shu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; School of Data Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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Dreyer A, Lenz C, Groß U, Bohne W, Zautner AE. Comparative analysis of proteomic adaptations in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium after long term bile acid exposure. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:110. [PMID: 38570789 PMCID: PMC10988882 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All gastrointestinal pathogens, including Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, undergo adaptation processes during colonization and infection. In this study, we investigated by data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) two crucial adaptations of these two Enterococcus species at the proteome level. Firstly, we examined the adjustments to cope with bile acid concentrations at 0.05% that the pathogens encounter during a potential gallbladder infection. Therefore, we chose the primary bile acids cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) as well as the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA), as these are the most prominent bile acids. Secondly, we investigated the adaptations from an aerobic to a microaerophilic environment, as encountered after oral-fecal infection, in the absence and presence of deoxycholic acid (DCA). RESULTS Our findings showed similarities, but also species-specific variations in the response to the different bile acids. Both Enterococcus species showed an IC50 in the range of 0.01- 0.023% for DCA and CDCA in growth experiments and both species were resistant towards 0.05% CA. DCA and CDCA had a strong effect on down-expression of proteins involved in translation, transcription and replication in E. faecalis (424 down-expressed proteins with DCA, 376 down-expressed proteins with CDCA) and in E. faecium (362 down-expressed proteins with DCA, 391 down-expressed proteins with CDCA). Proteins commonly significantly altered in their expression in all bile acid treated samples were identified for both species and represent a "general bile acid response". Among these, various subunits of a V-type ATPase, different ABC-transporters, multi-drug transporters and proteins related to cell wall biogenesis were up-expressed in both species and thus seem to play an essential role in bile acid resistance. Most of the differentially expressed proteins were also identified when E. faecalis was incubated with low levels of DCA at microaerophilic conditions instead of aerobic conditions, indicating that adaptations to bile acids and to a microaerophilic atmosphere can occur simultaneously. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings provide a detailed insight into the proteomic stress response of two Enterococcus species and help to understand the resistance potential and the stress-coping mechanisms of these important gastrointestinal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Dreyer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christof Lenz
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Groß
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bohne
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Erich Zautner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Zhou Y, Xu C, Gu S, Xiao Y, Wu S, Wang H, Bao W. Integrated Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal deoxycholic acid promotes transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection by inhibiting phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:239. [PMID: 38438836 PMCID: PMC10913532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute diarrhea, dehydration and death in piglets are all symptoms of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), which results in significant financial losses in the pig industry. It is important to understand the pathogenesis and identify new antiviral targets by revealing the metabolic interactions between TGEV and host cells. RESULTS We performed metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of swine testicular cells infected with TGEV. A total of 1339 differential metabolites and 206 differentially expressed genes were detected post TEGV infection. The differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the HIF-1 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling. Integrated analysis of differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites indicated that they were significantly enriched in the metabolic processes such as nucleotide metabolism, biosynthesis of cofactors and purine metabolism. In addition, the results showed that most of the detected metabolites involved in the bile secretion was downregulated during TGEV infection. Furthermore, exogenous addition of key metabolite deoxycholic acid (DCA) significantly enhanced TGEV replication by NF-κB and STAT3 signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS We identified a significant metabolite, DCA, related to TGEV replication. It added TGEV replication in host cells by inhibiting phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3. This study provided novel insights into the metabolomic and transcriptomic alterations related to TGEV infection and revealed potential molecular and metabolic targets for the regulation of TGEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanshen Gu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yeyi Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
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Park SY, Kim S, Wan J, Felice F, Yi K. Lipolytic agents for submental fat reduction: Review. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13601. [PMID: 38297988 PMCID: PMC10831194 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
RESULT The review delves into the realm of reducing submental fat, presenting a comprehensive analysis of various lipolytic agents used in plastic surgery and dermatology. The introduction establishes the context by defining the key indicators of a youthful neck and emphasizing the significant influence of fat in the aging process, particularly in the submental area. The usage of aminophylline involves subcutaneous injections, facilitating fat breakdown by increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate and inhibiting adenosine receptors. Hypotonic pharmacologic lipo-dissolution induces fat dissolution via injected compounds under pressure, while lipolytic lymphatic drainage employs hyaluronidase to reduce tissue viscosity, aiding fat circulation. Glycerophosphorylcholine containing choline alfoscerate claims to activate fat metabolism, whereas the utilization of phosphatidylcholine combined with deoxycholate lacks cosmetic approval due to safety concerns. Deoxycholic acid has FDA approval for submental fat reduction, yet its mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Understanding the complex anatomy and mechanisms of lipolytic agents is essential for safe and effective submental fat reduction, despite evolving practices and off-label utilization. Clinical guidelines and references support this discussion, offering insights for safer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo‐Bin Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental BiologyDepartment of Oral BiologyHuman Identification Research InstituteBK21 FOUR ProjectYonsei University College of DentistrySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jovian Wan
- Asia Pacific Aesthetic AcademySeoulHong Kong
| | - Fernando Felice
- School of MedicineUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Kyu‐Ho Yi
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental BiologyDepartment of Oral BiologyHuman Identification Research InstituteBK21 FOUR ProjectYonsei University College of DentistrySeoulSouth Korea
- Maylin Clinic (Apgujeong)SeoulSouth Korea
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Salomatina OV, Kornienko TE, Zakharenko AL, Komarova NI, Achara C, Reynisson J, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI, Volcho KP. New Dual Inhibitors of Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1 and 2 Based on Deoxycholic Acid: Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Molecular Modeling. Molecules 2024; 29:581. [PMID: 38338326 PMCID: PMC10856758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Deoxycholic acid derivatives containing various heterocyclic functional groups at C-3 on the steroid scaffold were designed and synthesized as promising dual tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 and 2 (TDP1 and TDP2) inhibitors, which are potential targets to potentiate topoisomerase poison antitumor therapy. The methyl esters of DCA derivatives with benzothiazole or benzimidazole moieties at C-3 demonstrated promising inhibitory activity in vitro against TDP1 with IC50 values in the submicromolar range. Furthermore, methyl esters 4d-e, as well as their acid counterparts 3d-e, inhibited the phosphodiesterase activity of both TDP1 and TDP2. The combinations of compounds 3d-e and 4d-e with low-toxic concentrations of antitumor drugs topotecan and etoposide showed significantly greater cytotoxicity than the compounds alone. The docking of the derivatives into the binding sites of TDP1 and TDP2 predicted plausible binding modes of the DCA derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V. Salomatina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.V.S.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Tatyana E. Kornienko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.L.Z.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Alexandra L. Zakharenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.L.Z.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Nina I. Komarova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.V.S.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Chigozie Achara
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Hornbeam Building, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (C.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Hornbeam Building, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK; (C.A.); (J.R.)
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.V.S.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Olga I. Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.L.Z.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Konstantin P. Volcho
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.V.S.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
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Nowiński A, Chabowski D, Giebułtowicz J, Aleksandrowicz M, Ufnal M. Deoxycholic Acid, a Secondary Bile Acid, Increases Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 16:32. [PMID: 38201862 PMCID: PMC10781055 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxycholic acid (DCA) is a secondary bile acid produced by gut bacteria. Elevated serum concentrations of DCA are observed in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that DCA might influence hemodynamic parameters in rats. METHODS The concentration of DCA in systemic blood was measured with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and echocardiographic parameters were evaluated in anesthetized, male, 3-4-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats administered intravenously (IV) or intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with investigated compounds. Mesenteric artery (MA) reactivity was tested ex vivo. RESULTS The baseline plasma concentration of DCA was 0.24 ± 0.03 mg/L. The oral antibiotic treatment produced a large decrease in the concentration. Administered IV, the compound increased BP and HR in a dose-dependent manner. DCA also increased heart contractility and cardiac output. None of the tested compounds-prazosin (an alpha-blocker), propranolol (beta-adrenolytic), atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), glibenclamide (K-ATP inhibitor) or DY 268 (FXR antagonist), glycyrrhetinic acid (11HSD2 inhibitor)-significantly diminished the DCA-induced pressor effect. ICV infusion did not exert significant HR or BP changes. DCA relaxed MAs. Systemic vascular resistance did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS DCA elevates BP primarily by augmenting cardiac output. As a metabolite derived from gut bacteria, DCA potentially serves as a mediator in the interaction between the gut microbiota and the host's circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Nowiński
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (D.C.); (M.U.)
| | - Dawid Chabowski
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (D.C.); (M.U.)
| | - Joanna Giebułtowicz
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Aleksandrowicz
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research and Environmental Agents, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Ufnal
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (D.C.); (M.U.)
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Kraft L, Ribeiro VST, Gonçalves GA, Suss PH, Tuon FF. Comparison of amphotericin B lipid complex, deoxycholate amphotericin B, fluconazole, and anidulafungin activity against Candida albicans biofilm isolated from breakthrough candidemia. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed) 2023; 41:596-603. [PMID: 36707288 DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biofilm formation causes virulence and resistance in Candida albicans. However, little is known about breakthrough candidemia isolates. We evaluated the antifungal activity of fluconazole, anidulafungin, deoxycholate amphotericin B (dAMB), and amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) against biofilms of C. albicans isolated from patients with breakthrough candidemia. METHODS The present study used strains of C. albicans isolated from breakthrough and non-breakthrough candidemia patients (control group). The susceptibility of planktonic cells to amphotericin B, anidulafungin, and fluconazole was determined by broth microdilution. Antifungal activity in sessile cells was evaluated using the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), metabolic activity was estimated by reducing MTT, and biomass was estimated using crystal violet retention. RESULTS The planktonic strains were susceptible to amphotericin B, anidulafungin, and fluconazole, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1, ≤0.03, and 2mg/L, respectively. However, fluconazole and anidulafungin did not exert an antifungal effect on biofilms. Additionally, dAMB and ABCL reduced the metabolic activity and biomass. However, eradication was only achieved using 16mg/L dAMB. C. albicans isolates of breakthrough candidemia exhibited strong biofilm production, and the in vitro activity of available therapeutic options was poor. CONCLUSION In the present study, only dAMB and ABCL exhibited antibiofilm effects against sessile breakthrough candidemia isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Kraft
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Victoria Stadler Tasca Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geiziane Aparecida Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paula Hansen Suss
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Felipe Francisco Tuon
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Cao X, van Putten JP, Wösten MM. Campylobacter jejuni benefits from the bile salt deoxycholate under low-oxygen condition in a PldA dependent manner. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2262592. [PMID: 37768138 PMCID: PMC10540661 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2262592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Enteric bacteria need to adapt to endure the antibacterial activities of bile salts in the gut. Phospholipase A (PldA) is a key enzyme in the maintenance of bacterial membrane homeostasis. Bacteria respond to stress by modulating their membrane composition. Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of human worldwide. However, the mechanism by which C. jejuni adapts and survives in the gut environment is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of PldA, bile salt sodium deoxycholate (DOC), and oxygen availability in C. jejuni biology, mimicking an in vivo situation. Growth curves were used to determine the adaptation of C. jejuni to bile salts. RNA-seq and functional assays were employed to investigate the PldA-dependent and DOC-induced changes in gene expression that influence bacterial physiology. Survival studies were performed to address oxidative stress defense in C. jejuni. Here, we discovered that PldA of C. jejuni is required for optimal growth in the presence of bile salt DOC. Under high oxygen conditions, DOC is toxic to C. jejuni, but under low oxygen conditions, as is present in the lumen of the gut, C. jejuni benefits from DOC. C. jejuni PldA seems to enable the use of iron needed for optimal growth in the presence of DOC but makes the bacterium more vulnerable to oxidative stress. In conclusion, DOC stimulates C. jejuni growth under low oxygen conditions and alters colony morphology in a PldA-dependent manner. C. jejuni benefits from DOC by upregulating iron metabolism in a PldA-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Cao
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos P.M. van Putten
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc M.S.M. Wösten
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Bintang MAKM, Nopparat J, Srichana T. In vivo evaluation of nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity of colistin formulated with sodium deoxycholate sulfate in a mice model. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:3243-3252. [PMID: 37249614 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02531-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are the major dose-limiting factors for the clinical use of colistin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the neurotoxic and nephrotoxic effects of colistin formulated with in-house synthesized sodium deoxycholate sulfate (SDCS) in a mouse model. Male mice C57BL/6 were randomly divided into four groups: control (saline solution), colistin (15 mg/kg/day), colistin:SDCS 1:1, and colistin:SDCS 1:2. In the colistin:SDCS treatment groups, the dosage was 15 mg/kg/day colistin equivalent; all mice were treated for 7 successive days. The thermal tolerance, body weight gain and organ weights were measured. The levels of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were assessed. Histopathological damages were assessed on mice organ. The colistin:SDCS formulations significantly improved thermal pain response of the mice comparable to the control group. The administration did not impair kidney function as evidence from BUN and Cr results; however, the oxidative stress biomarkers decreased in the colistin and colistin-SDCS treated mice. Several abnormalities were observed in the kidney, liver, spleen, and sciatic nerve tissues following colistin treatment, which indicated evidence of toxicity. The colistin-SDCS formulations were associated with less acute toxicity and fewer nephrotoxic and neurotoxic changes compared with the colistin alone group which indicated that SDCS attenuated colistin nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity. This study highlights the potential application of colistin formulated with SDCS for safer clinical use against MDR Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Khumaini Mudhar Bintang
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Jongdee Nopparat
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensor, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand.
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10
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McDonald L, Hoffman L, Chapas A. Degradation Therapy with Collagenase and Deoxycholate. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2023; 31:525-533. [PMID: 37806686 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Deoxycholate (deoxycholic acid) and collagenase are naturally occurring substances whose ability to degrade adipose tissue and collagen respectively has given rise to a variety of therapeutic applications. This article will discuss the indications for the use of deoxycholic acid, primarily its well-established role in the non-surgical reduction of submental fat, with a focus on patient assessment, procedural technique, risks, pitfalls, and key clinical tips. It will also review the indications for collagenase as a degradation therapy, its mechanism of action, and benefits in the management of wound healing, scarring, and adipose tissue modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise McDonald
- Department of Dermatology, Ulster Hospital, Upper Newtownards Road, Dundonald, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT16 1RH, UK.
| | - Lauren Hoffman
- Union Square Laser Dermatology, 19 Union Square West, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Anne Chapas
- Union Square Laser Dermatology, 19 Union Square West, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
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11
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Qi Y, Chen Q, Cai X, Liu L, Jiang Y, Zhu X, Huang Z, Wu K, Luo H, Ouyang Q. Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Chitosan Nanomicelles: Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1595. [PMID: 38002276 PMCID: PMC10669896 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although amphiphilic chitosan has been widely studied as a drug carrier for drug delivery, fewer studies have been conducted on the antimicrobial activity of amphiphilic chitosan. In this study, we successfully synthesized deoxycholic acid-modified chitosan (CS-DA) by grafting deoxycholic acid (DA) onto chitosan C2-NH2, followed by grafting succinic anhydride, to prepare a novel amphiphilic chitosan (CS-DA-SA). The substitution degree was 23.93% for deoxycholic acid and 29.25% for succinic anhydride. Both CS-DA and CS-DA-SA showed good blood compatibility. Notably, the synthesized CS-DA-SA can self-assemble to form nanomicelles at low concentrations in an aqueous environment. The results of CS, CS-DA, and CS-DA-SA against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed that CS-DA and CS-DA-SA exhibited stronger antimicrobial effects than CS. CS-DA-SA may exert its antimicrobial effect by disrupting cell membranes or forming a membrane on the cell surface. Overall, the novel CS-DA-SA biomaterials have a promising future in antibacterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qi
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Qizhou Chen
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Xiaofen Cai
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Lifen Liu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Xufeng Zhu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Zhicheng Huang
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
| | - Kefeng Wu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Qianqian Ouyang
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.Q.); (Q.C.); (X.C.); (L.L.); (Y.J.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.L.)
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
- The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China
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Kovacevic B, Raj Wagle S, Mihaela Ionescu C, Foster T, Đanić M, Mikov M, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. The biocompatibility and the metabolic impact of thermoresponsive, bile acid-based nanogels on auditory and macrophage cell lines. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 190:248-257. [PMID: 37562725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Deoxycholic acid (DCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) are bile acids that may serve as permeation enhancers when incorporated within the nanogel matrix for drug delivery in the inner ear. In this study, thermoresponsive nanogels were formulated with DCA, LCA and UDCA and their rheological properties and biocompatibility were assessed. The impact of nanogel on cellular viability was evaluated via cell viability assay, the impact of nanogels on cellular bioenergetic parameters was estimated by Seahorse mito-stress test and glycolysis-stress test, while the presence of intracellular free radicals was assessed by reactive oxygen species assay. Nanogels showed a high level of biocompatibility after 24-hour exposure to auditory and macrophage cell lines, with minimal cytotoxicity compared to untreated control. Incubation with nanogels did not alter cellular respiration and glycolysis of the auditory cell line but showed possible mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages, suggesting tissue-dependent effects of bile acids. Bile acid-nanogels had minimal impact on intracellular reactive oxygen species, with LCA demonstrating the most pro-oxidative behaviour. This study suggests that thermoresponsive nanogels with bile acid, particularly DCA and UDCA, may be promising candidates for inner ear drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Maja Đanić
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21101, Serbia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21101, Serbia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand.
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA 6102, Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Zhang Y, Yan T, Mo W, Song B, Zhang Y, Geng F, Hu Z, Yu D, Zhang S. Altered bile acid metabolism in skin tissues in response to ionizing radiation: deoxycholic acid (DCA) as a novel treatment for radiogenic skin injury. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:87-98. [PMID: 37540505 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2245461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiogenic skin injury (RSI) is a common complication during cancer radiotherapy or accidental exposure to radiation. The aim of this study is to investigate the metabolism of bile acids (BAs) and their derivatives during RSI. METHODS Rat skin tissues were irradiated by an X-ray linear accelerator. The quantification of BAs and their derivatives were performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based quantitative analysis. Key enzymes in BA biosynthesis were analyzed from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data of RSI in the human patient and animal models. The in vivo radioprotective effect of deoxycholic acid (DCA) was detected in irradiated SD rats. RESULTS Twelve BA metabolites showed significant differences during the progression of RSI. Among them, the levels of cholic acid (CA), DCA, muricholic acid (MCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycocholic acid (GCA), glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHCA), 12-ketolithocholic acid (12-ketoLCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) were significantly elevated in irradiated skin, whereas lithocholic acid (LCA), tauro-β-muricholic acid (Tβ-MCA) and taurocholic acid (TCA) were significantly decreased. Additionally, the results of scRNA-Seq indicated that genes involved in 7a-hydroxylation process, the first step in BA synthesis, showed pronounced alterations in skin fibroblasts or keratinocytes. The alternative pathway of BA synthesis is more actively altered than the classical pathway after ionizing radiation. In the model of rat radiogenic skin damage, DCA promoted wound healing and attenuated epidermal hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS Ionizing radiation modulates the metabolism of BAs. DCA is a prospective therapeutic agent for the treatment of RSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Mo
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuehua Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenghao Geng
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
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Park HJ, Jang JS, Kim CH, Kim K, Nam G. Topical formulation of sodium deoxycholate for submental lipolysis. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13293. [PMID: 36973980 PMCID: PMC10155785 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji Sung Jang
- SCAI TherapeuticsYuseong‐guDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | | | | | - Geewoo Nam
- SCAI TherapeuticsYuseong‐guDaejeonRepublic of Korea
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15
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Brandes B, Hoenke S, Schultz C, Deigner HP, Csuk R. Converting bile acids into mitocans. Steroids 2023; 189:109148. [PMID: 36414156 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cholic acid (1, CD), deoxycholic (3, DCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (5, CDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (7, UDCA), and lithocholic acid (9, LCA) were acetylated and converted into their piperazinyl spacered rhodamine B conjugates 16-20. While the parent bile acids showed almost no cytotoxic effects for several human tumor cell lines, the piperazinyl amides were cytostatic but an even superior effect was observed for the rhodamine B conjugates. Extra staining experiments showed these compounds as mitocans; they led to a cell arrest in the G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brandes
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Hoenke
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Schultz
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Furtwangen University, Institute of Precision Medicine, Medical and Life Science Faculty, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Wang GY, Shang D, Zhang GX, Song HY, Jiang N, Liu HH, Chen HL. Qingyi decoction attenuates intestinal epithelial cell injury via the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3825-3837. [PMID: 36157544 PMCID: PMC9367229 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i29.3825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated that dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is a significant contributing factor to the development of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). A stable intestinal mucosa barrier functions as a major anatomic and functional barrier, owing to the balance between intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation and apoptosis. There is some evidence that calcium overload may trigger IEC apoptosis and that calcineurin (CaN)/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling might play an important role in calcium-mediated apoptosis.
AIM To investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Qingyi decoction (QYD) in SAP.
METHODS A rat model of SAP was created via retrograde infusion of sodium deoxycholate. Serum levels of amylase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, D-lactic acid, and diamine oxidase (DAO); histological changes; and apoptosis of IECs were examined in rats with or without QYD treatment. The expression of the two subunits of CaN and NFAT in intestinal tissue was measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. For in vitro studies, Caco-2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and QYD serum, and then cell viability and intracellular calcium levels were detected.
RESULTS Retrograde infusion of sodium deoxycholate increased the severity of pancreatic and intestinal pathology and the levels of serum amylase, TNF-α, and IL-6. Both the indicators of intestinal mucosa damage (D-lactic acid and DAO) and the levels of IEC apoptosis were elevated in the SAP group. QYD treatment reduced the serum levels of amylase, TNF-α, IL-6, D-lactic acid, and DAO and attenuated the histological findings. IEC apoptosis associated with SAP was ameliorated under QYD treatment. In addition, the protein expression levels of the two subunits of CaN were remarkably elevated in the SAP group, and the NFATc3 gene was significantly upregulated at both the transcript and protein levels in the SAP group compared with the control group. QYD significantly restrained CaN and NFATc3 gene expression in the intestine, which was upregulated in the SAP group. Furthermore, QYD serum significantly decreased the LPS-induced elevation in intracellular free Ca2+ levels and inhibited cell death.
CONCLUSION QYD can exert protective effects against intestinal mucosa damage caused by SAP and the protective effects are mediated, at least partially, by restraining IEC apoptosis via the CaN/NFATc3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Gui-Xin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hui-Yi Song
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Huan-Huan Liu
- Institute of Integrative Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hai-Long Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
- Institute of Integrative Medicine of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
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Patel S, Challagundla N, Rajput RA, Mishra S. Design, synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity evaluation of deoxycholic acid-chalcone conjugates. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106036. [PMID: 35878450 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of deoxycholic acid-chalcone amides were synthesised and tested against the human lung cancer cell line, A549 and the cervical cancer cell line, SiHa. Among the synthesised deoxycholic acid-chalcone conjugates, some conjugates showed encouraging results as anticancer agents with good in vitro activity. More precisely, deoxycholic acid-chalcone conjugates 4b (IC50: 0.51 μM) and 4e (IC50: 0.84 μM) having 2‑nitrophenyl and 3,4,5‑trimethoxyphenyl groups exhibited a good activity against human cancer cell-line SiHa and while 4d (IC50: 0.25 μM) and 4b (IC50: 1.71 μM) showed better activity against A549 lung cancer cell line with respect to deoxycholic acid and chalcones. The anticancer activity of the bile acid conjugated chalcones was more than the activity of chalcone and deoxycholic acid alone. The results indicate that a bile acid conjugate strategy may be beneficial in improving the biological activity of chalcone derivatives. The enhanced activity of certain compounds may be due to their increased bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal Patel
- Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India
| | - Naveen Challagundla
- Immunology Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India
| | - Reena Agrawal Rajput
- Immunology Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India
| | - Satyendra Mishra
- Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382426, India.
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18
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Melloni E, Marchesi E, Preti L, Casciano F, Rimondi E, Romani A, Secchiero P, Navacchia ML, Perrone D. Synthesis and Biological Investigation of Bile Acid-Paclitaxel Hybrids. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27020471. [PMID: 35056786 PMCID: PMC8779069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid (CDCA and UDCA, respectively) have been conjugated with paclitaxel (PTX) anticancer drugs through a high-yield condensation reaction. Bile acid-PTX hybrids (BA-PTX) have been investigated for their pro-apoptotic activity towards a selection of cancer cell lines as well as healthy fibroblast cells. Chenodeoxycholic-PTX hybrid (CDC-PTX) displayed cytotoxicity and cytoselectivity similar to PTX, whereas ursodeoxycholic-PTX hybrid (UDC-PTX) displayed some anticancer activity only towards HCT116 colon carcinoma cells. Pacific Blue (PB) conjugated derivatives of CDC-PTX and UDC-PTX (CDC-PTX-PB and UDC-PTX-PB, respectively) were also prepared via a multistep synthesis for evaluating their ability to enter tumor cells. CDC-PTX-PB and UDC-PTX-PB flow cytometry clearly showed that both CDCA and UDCA conjugation to PTX improved its incoming into HCT116 cells, allowing the derivatives to enter the cells up to 99.9%, respect to 35% in the case of PTX. Mean fluorescence intensity analysis of cell populations treated with CDC-PTX-PB and UDC-PTX-PB also suggested that CDC-PTX-PB could have a greater ability to pass the plasmatic membrane than UDC-PTX-PB. Both hybrids showed significant lower toxicity with respect to PTX on the NIH-3T3 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Elena Marchesi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Preti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center for the Study of Multiple Sclerosis and Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Rimondi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Arianna Romani
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (F.C.); (E.R.); (A.R.); (P.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.N.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.L.N.); (D.P.)
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Muskat A, Pirtle M, Kost Y, McLellan BN, Shinoda K. The Role of Fat Reducing Agents on Adipocyte Death and Adipose Tissue Inflammation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:841889. [PMID: 35399925 PMCID: PMC8988282 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.841889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxycholic Acid (DCA), which is an FDA-approved compound for the reduction of submental fat, has evolved through an unanticipated and surprising sequence of events. Initially, it was used as a solvent for Phosphatidylcholine (PDC), which was thought to promote lipolysis, but it was later proven to be the bioactive component of the formula and is currently widely used as Kybella. It has also been used off-label to treat other types of fat deposits like lipomas, HIV lipodystrophy, and excess orbital fat. Despite widespread clinical use, there has been no consensus clarifying the mechanisms of DCA and PDC alone or in combination. Furthermore, despite PDC's removal from the FDA-approved formula, some studies do suggest it plays an important role in fat reduction. To provide some clarity, we conducted a PubMed search and reviewed 41 articles using a comprehensive list of terms in three main categories, using the AND operator: 1) Phosphatidylcholines 2) Deoxycholic Acid, and 3) Lipoma. We isolated articles that studied PDC, DCA, and a PDC/DCA compound using cell biology, molecular and genetic techniques. We divided relevant articles into those that studied these components using histologic techniques and those that utilized specific cell death and lipolysis measurement techniques. Most morphologic studies indicated that PDC/DCA, DCA, and PDC, all induce some type of cell death with accompanying inflammation and fibrosis. Most morphologic studies also suggest that PDC/DCA and DCA alone are non-selective for adipocytes. Biochemical studies describing PDC and DCA alone indicate that DCA acts as a detergent and rapidly induces necrosis while PDC induces TNF-α release, apoptosis, and subsequent enzymatic lipolysis after at least 24 hours. Additional papers have suggested a synergistic effect between the two compounds. Our review integrates the findings of this growing body of literature into a proposed mechanism of fat reduction and provides direction for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahava Muskat
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Megan Pirtle
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Yana Kost
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Beth N. McLellan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Bronx, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Kosaku Shinoda,
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20
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Salomatina OV, Dyrkheeva NS, Popadyuk II, Zakharenko AL, Ilina ES, Komarova NI, Reynisson J, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI, Volcho KP. New Deoxycholic Acid Derived Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1 Inhibitors Also Inhibit Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 2. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010072. [PMID: 35011303 PMCID: PMC8746696 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of deoxycholic acid (DCA) amides containing benzyl ether groups on the steroid core were tested against the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) and 2 (TDP2) enzymes. In addition, 1,2,4- and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized to study the linker influence between a para-bromophenyl moiety and the steroid scaffold. The DCA derivatives demonstrated promising inhibitory activity against TDP1 with IC50 in the submicromolar range. Furthermore, the amides and the 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives inhibited the TDP2 enzyme but at substantially higher concentration. Tryptamide 5 and para-bromoanilide 8 derivatives containing benzyloxy substituent at the C-3 position and non-substituted hydroxy group at C-12 on the DCA scaffold inhibited both TDP1 and TDP2 as well as enhanced the cytotoxicity of topotecan in non-toxic concentration in vitro. According to molecular modeling, ligand 5 is anchored into the catalytic pocket of TDP1 by one hydrogen bond to the backbone of Gly458 as well as by π–π stacking between the indolyl rings of the ligand and Tyr590, resulting in excellent activity. It can therefore be concluded that these derivatives contribute to the development of specific TDP1 and TDP2 inhibitors for adjuvant therapy against cancer in combination with topoisomerase poisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V. Salomatina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.I.P.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Nadezhda S. Dyrkheeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (A.L.Z.); (E.S.I.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Irina I. Popadyuk
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.I.P.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Alexandra L. Zakharenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (A.L.Z.); (E.S.I.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Ekaterina S. Ilina
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (A.L.Z.); (E.S.I.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Nina I. Komarova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.I.P.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK;
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.I.P.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Olga I. Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, SB RAS, 8, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (A.L.Z.); (E.S.I.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Konstantin P. Volcho
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, SB RAS, 9, Lavrent’ev Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (I.I.P.); (N.I.K.); (N.F.S.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Greimel T, Jahnel J, Pohl S, Strini T, Tischitz M, Meier-Allard N, Holasek S, Meinel K, Aguiriano-Moser V, Zobel J, Haidl H, Gallistl S, Panzitt K, Wagner M, Schlagenhauf A. Bile acid-induced tissue factor activity in hepatocytes correlates with activation of farnesoid X receptor. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1394-1402. [PMID: 34145381 PMCID: PMC8440176 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00628-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BA) have been found to promote coagulation by increasing tissue factor (TF) activity. The contribution of elevated BA levels and cholestasis to TF decryption within the liver parenchyma and the role of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in this process remain unclear. We investigated the effects of BA on TF activity and thrombin generation in hepatocytes and correlated these effects with activation of FXR-dependent signaling and apoptosis. HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes were incubated with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UCDA), or the synthetic FXR agonist GW4064 for 24 h. MTT tests demonstrated cell viability throughout experiments. TF activity was tested via factor Xa generation and thrombin generation was measured by calibrated automated thrombography. Increased TF activity alongside enhanced thrombin generation was observed with CDCA and GW4064 but not with GCDCA and UDCA. TF activity was substantially reduced when FXR activation was blocked with the antagonist DY 268. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed upregulation of FXR target genes only by CDCA and GW4064. Western blot analysis and fluorescence microscopy showed no TF overexpression arguing for TF decryption. Caspase 3 activity measurements and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V binding showed no signs of apoptosis. Long-term exposure of hepatocytes to nontoxic BA may cause intracellular FXR overstimulation, triggering TF decryption irrespective of the amphiphilic properties of BA. The effect of BA on TF activation correlates with the molecule's ability to enter the cells and activate FXR. TF decryption occurs independently of apoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Greimel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jörg Jahnel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sina Pohl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tanja Strini
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Tischitz
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nathalie Meier-Allard
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Holasek
- Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Meinel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Victor Aguiriano-Moser
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joachim Zobel
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Haidl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Siegfried Gallistl
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Panzitt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Axel Schlagenhauf
- Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Nguyen TT, Ung TT, Li S, Sah DK, Park SY, Lian S, Jung YD. Lithocholic Acid Induces miR21, Promoting PTEN Inhibition via STAT3 and ERK-1/2 Signaling in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910209. [PMID: 34638550 PMCID: PMC8508661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-RNA-21 (miR-21) is a vital regulator of colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in CRC treatment. Our study using real-time PCR assay found that a secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid (LCA), stimulated the expression of miR21 in the CRC cell lines. Promoter activity assay showed that LCA strongly stimulated miR21 promoter activity in HCT116 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Studies of chemical inhibitors and miR21 promoter mutants indicated that Erk1/2 signaling, AP-1 transcription factor, and STAT3 are major signals involved in the mechanism of LCA-induced miR21 in HCT116 cells. The elevation of miR21 expression was upstream of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inhibition, and CRC cell proliferation enhancement that was shown to be possibly mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling activation. This study is the first to report that LCA affects miR21 expression in CRC cells, providing us with a better understanding of the cancer-promoting mechanism of bile acids that have been described as the very first promoters of CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinh-Thi Nguyen
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City 71207, Vietnam
| | - Thuan-Trong Ung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Joint Stock Company, Ho Chi Minh City 71207, Vietnam
| | - Shinan Li
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Sah
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Sun-Young Park
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.-D.J.); Tel.: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-61-379-2772 (Y.-D.J.); Fax: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-81-379-2781 (Y.-D.J.)
| | - Young-Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Korea; (T.-T.N.); (T.-T.U.); (S.L.); (D.K.S.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (Y.-D.J.); Tel.: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-61-379-2772 (Y.-D.J.); Fax: +86-20-6278-9385 (S.L.); +82-81-379-2781 (Y.-D.J.)
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23
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Gao J, Yuan G, Xu Z, Lan L, Xin W. Chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids induced positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects on rat heart. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:765-773. [PMID: 32808070 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids are endogenous amphiphilic steroids from the metabolites of cholesterol. Studies showed that they might contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiopathy in cholestatic liver diseases. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) is associated with colon cancer, gallstones, and gastrointestinal disorders. However, little information is available regarding their cardiac effects. Here, we reported that CDCA (100 μM) and DCA (100 μM) significantly increased the left ventricular developed pressure of the isolated rat hearts to 122.3 ± 5.6% and 145.1 ± 13.7%, and the maximal rate of the pressure development rising and descending (± dP/dtmax) to 103.4 ± 17.6% and 124.4 ± 37.7% of the basal levels, respectively. They decreased the heart rate and prolonged the RR, QRS, and QT intervals of Langendorff-perfused hearts in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, CDCA and DCA increased the developed tension of left ventricular muscle and the cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations in left ventricular myocytes; these functions positively coordinated with their inotropic effects on hearts. Additionally, CDCA (150 μM) and DCA (100 μM) decreased the sinoatrial node beating rate to 80.6 ± 3.0% and 79.7 ± 0.9% of the basal rate (334.2 ± 10.7 bpm), respectively. These results were consistent with their chronotropic effects. In conclusion, CDCA and DCA induced positive inotropic effects by elevating the Ca2+ in left ventricular myocytes. They exerted negative chronotropic effects by lowering the pace of the sinoatrial node in rat heart. These results indicated that the potential role of bile acids in cardiopathy related to cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guanyin Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Luyao Lan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenkuan Xin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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24
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Nguyen PT, Kanno K, Pham QT, Kikuchi Y, Kakimoto M, Kobayashi T, Otani Y, Kishikawa N, Miyauchi M, Arihiro K, Ito M, Tazuma S. Senescent hepatic stellate cells caused by deoxycholic acid modulates malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:3255-3268. [PMID: 32870388 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deoxycholic acid (DCA), a secondary bile acid, is reportedly increased in the serum of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and animals with experimentally induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its contribution to malignant behaviors of HCC has not been precisely clarified. This study aimed to examine the effect of DCA on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), a major component of nonparenchymal cells in the liver, and its subsequent indirect effect on HCC cells. METHODS LX2 cells, a human HSC line, were treated with DCA in vitro. Then, HuH7 cells, a human hepatoma cell line, were incubated in conditioned media of DCA-treated LX2 to investigate the subsequent effect focusing on malignant behaviors. RESULTS DCA resulted in cellular senescence in LX2 with the decreased cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest at G0/1 phase, together with the induction of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. To investigate the influence of SASP factors secreted by HSCs in response to DCA, HCC cells were treated with conditioned media that promoted cell migration and invasion via induction of epithelial mesenchymal transition. These changes were attenuated in the presence of neutralizing antibody against IL8 or TGFβ. Pathological analysis of surgical specimens from HCC patients revealed that senescent HSCs were detected in the stroma surrounding HCC. CONCLUSION Our data suggest an important role of HSC senescence caused by DCA for the malignant biological behaviors of HCC via induction of SASP factors, particularly IL8 and TGFβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Thao Nguyen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Keishi Kanno
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Quoc Thang Pham
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Yuka Kikuchi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masaki Kakimoto
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kobayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Otani
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Nobusuke Kishikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Miyauchi
- Department of Oral Maxillo-Pathobiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Arihiro
- Department of Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Ito
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Susumu Tazuma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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25
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Man L, Dale AL, Klare WP, Cain JA, Sumer-Bayraktar Z, Niewold P, Solis N, Cordwell SJ. Proteomics of Campylobacter jejuni Growth in Deoxycholate Reveals Cj0025c as a Cystine Transport Protein Required for Wild-type Human Infection Phenotypes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1263-1280. [PMID: 32376616 PMCID: PMC8015009 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis. Proteomics by label-based two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified proteins associated with growth in 0.1% sodium deoxycholate (DOC, a component of gut bile salts), and system-wide validation was performed by data-independent acquisition (DIA-SWATH-MS). LC-MS/MS quantified 1326 proteins (∼82% of the predicted C. jejuni proteome), of which 1104 were validated in additional biological replicates by DIA-SWATH-MS. DOC resulted in a profound proteome shift with 512 proteins showing significantly altered abundance. Induced proteins were associated with flagellar motility and antibiotic resistance; and these correlated with increased DOC motility and resistance to polymyxin B and ciprofloxacin. DOC also increased human Caco-2 cell adherence and invasion. Abundances of proteins involved in nutrient transport were altered by DOC and aligned with intracellular changes to their respective carbon sources. DOC increased intracellular levels of sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine) and the dipeptide cystine (Cys-Cys), which also correlated with reduced resistance to oxidative stress. A DOC induced transport protein was Cj0025c, which has sequence similarity to bacterial Cys-Cys transporters. Deletion of cj0025c (Δcj0025c) resulted in proteome changes consistent with sulfur starvation, as well as attenuated invasion, reduced motility, atypical morphology, increased antimicrobial susceptibility and poor biofilm formation. Targeted metabolomics showed Δcj0025c could use known C. jejuni amino and organic acid substrates commensurate with wild-type. Medium Cys-Cys levels however, were maintained in Δcj0025c relative to wild-type. A toxic Cys-Cys mimic (selenocystine) inhibited wild-type growth, but not Δcj0025c Provision of an alternate sulfur source (2 mm thiosulfate) restored Δcj0025c motility. Our data confirm that Cj0025c is a Cys-Cys transporter that we have named TcyP consistent with the nomenclature of homologous proteins in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Man
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Ashleigh L Dale
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - William P Klare
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Joel A Cain
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Zeynep Sumer-Bayraktar
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Paula Niewold
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia; Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Nestor Solis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Stuart J Cordwell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia; Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Australia; Sydney Mass Spectrometry, The University of Sydney, Australia.
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Wu X, Li JY, Lee A, Lu YX, Zhou SY, Owyang C. Satiety induced by bile acids is mediated via vagal afferent pathways. JCI Insight 2020; 5:132400. [PMID: 32699194 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.132400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the role and the pathways used by bile acid receptor TGR5 in transmitting satiety signals. We showed TGR5 colocalized with cholecystokinin type A (CCK-A) receptors in a subpopulation of rat nodose ganglia (NG) neurons. Intra-arterial injection of deoxycholic acid (DCA) dose-dependently increased firing rate in NG while a subthreshold dose of DCA and CCK-8 increased firing rates synergistically. TGR5-specific agonist oleanolic acid induced NG neuronal firing in a dose-dependent manner. However, the same units did not respond to GW4064, a nuclear receptor-specific agonist. Quantity of DCA-activated neurons in the hypothalamus was determined by c-Fos expression. Combining DCA and CCK-8 caused a 4-fold increase in c-Fos activation. In the arcuate nucleus, c-Fos-positive neurons coexpressed cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript and proopiomelanocortin. DCA-induced c-Fos expression was eliminated following truncal vagotomy or silencing of TGR5 in the NG. Feeding studies showed intravenous injection of 1 μg/kg of DCA reduced food intake by 12% ± 3%, 24% ± 5%, and 32% ± 6% in the first 3 hours, respectively. Silencing of TGR5 or CCK-A receptor in the NG enhanced spontaneous feeding by 18% ± 2% and 13.5% ± 2.4%, respectively. When both TGR5 and CCK-A receptor were silenced, spontaneous feeding was enhanced by 37% ± 4% in the first 3 hours, suggesting that bile acid may have a physiological role in regulating satiety. Working in concert with CCK, bile acid synergistically enhanced satiety signals to reduce spontaneous feeding.
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Xu X, Cheng J, Luo S, Gong X, Huang D, Xu J, Qian Y, Wan X, Zhou H. Deoxycholic acid-stimulated macrophage-derived exosomes promote spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia in the stomach. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:649-655. [PMID: 32033746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) is an important risk factor for the occurrence of gastric cancer. It may be driven by a chronic inflammatory environment in which macrophage is involved. Studies have shown that intestinal metaplasia may originate from SPEM, and bile acid-induced chronic inflammation plays an important role in the process of intestinal metaplasia. However, whether bile acids are involved in the development of SPEM and the specific mechanism are unclear. Meanwhile, macrophages are known to be involved in inflammation regulation by releasing various factors, including exosomes. In this study, we hypothesized that the exosomes released from macrophages stimulated by deoxycholic acid participated in the development of SPME. METHODS In vivo, mice were gavaged with deoxycholic acid for 4 weeks, and gastric tissues were harvested. In vitro, deoxycholic acid-induced macrophage-derived exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and cocultured with the gastric organoids of mice. Immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR were used to analyze markers of macrophages and SPEM. RESULTS In vivo, after 4 weeks of deoxycholic acid intragastric administration, macrophage markers (F4/80) and SPEM markers (TFF2 and GSII lectin) were increased in from treated mice compared with those from normal control mice. In vitro, macrophage-derived exosomes labeled with PKH67 were internalized by gastric organoids. Deoxycholic acid-induced macrophage-derived exosomes increased the expression of SPEM markers (TFF2 and GSII lectin) in gastric organoids compared to exosomes derived from macrophages without deoxycholic acid stimulation. CONCLUSION Macrophage-derived exosomes may be a novel mechanism by which deoxycholic acid promotes SPEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinnian Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengzheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqin Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinjian Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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28
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Park SH, Hyun MR, Kim SW. Effect of a Formulation Containing Low-Dose Sodium Deoxycholate on Local Fat Reduction. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:1657-1662. [PMID: 31598768 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-019-01514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthetic deoxycholic acid (DCA) has been approved as an injectable drug for the nonsurgical reduction of submental fat. OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the fat-reducing effects of a new formula containing a low dose of DCA and fat dissolution by topical application of DCA. METHODS Sodium deoxycholate (99.1% pure) and the new formulation containing 10% DCA were injected or topically applied to the dorsa of obese mice (induced by a high-fat diet). The rate of change in body weight was evaluated, together with comparisons of micro-computed tomography images, body composition measurements, and histology findings. RESULTS The results showed that the new formula containing low-dose DCA was as effective as the older high-dose formulation with respect to the rate of change in body weight and reductions in subcutaneous fat pad area, body fat weight, and the thickness of the subcutaneous fat layer. Furthermore, topical application of the high-dose, but not the low-dose, formulation yielded promising effects. CONCLUSIONS The development of a better protocol for the high-dose preparation, including dose optimization and application methods that minimize the adverse effects of DCA, merits further study. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine Ratings, please refer to Table of Contents or online Instructions to Authors - www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Park
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Id Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ri Hyun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wha Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
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29
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van Nierop FS, Meessen ECE, Nelissen KGM, Achterbergh R, Lammers LA, Vaz FM, Mathôt RAA, Klümpen HJ, Olde Damink SW, Schaap FG, Romijn JA, Kemper EM, Soeters MR. Differential effects of a 40-hour fast and bile acid supplementation on human GLP-1 and FGF19 responses. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E494-E502. [PMID: 31237451 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00534.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) play an important role in postprandial metabolism. In this study, we investigated the postprandial bile acid response in plasma and its relation to insulin, GLP-1, and FGF19. First, we investigated the postprandial response to 40-h fast. Then we administered glycine-conjugated deoxycholic acid (gDCA) with the meal. We performed two separate observational randomized crossover studies on healthy, lean men. In experiment 1: we tested 4-h mixed meal after an overnight fast and a 40-h fast. In experiment 2, we tested a 4-h mixed meal test with and without gDCA supplementation. Both studies measured postprandial glucose, insulin, bile acids, GLP-1, and FGF19. In experiment 1, 40 h of fasting induced insulin resistance and increased postprandial GLP-1 and FGF19 concentrations. After an overnight fast, we observed strong correlations between postprandial insulin and gDCA levels at specific time points. In experiment 2, administration of gDCA increased GLP-1 levels and lowered late postprandial glucose without effect on FGF19. Energy expenditure was not affected by gDCA administration. Unexpectedly, 40 h of fasting increased both GLP-1 and FGF19, where the former appeared bile acid independent and the latter bile acid dependent. Second, a single dose of gDCA increased postprandial GLP-1. Therefore, our data add complexity to the physiological regulation of the enterokines GLP-1 and FGF19 by bile acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Samuel van Nierop
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Emma C E Meessen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Kyra G M Nelissen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Roos Achterbergh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Laureen A Lammers
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Ron A A Mathôt
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Heinz-Josef Klümpen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Steven W Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank G Schaap
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes A Romijn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - E Marleen Kemper
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten R Soeters
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
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30
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Serra A, Gallart-Palau X, Park JE, Lim GGY, Lim KL, Ho HH, Tam JP, Sze SK. Vascular Bed Molecular Profiling by Differential Systemic Decellularization In Vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2396-2409. [PMID: 30354219 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Vascular endothelial dysfunction is a key component of several major human diseases, but the molecular basis of this complex disorder has been difficult to determine in vivo. Previous attempts to identify key mediators of vascular endothelial dysfunction in experimental models have been limited by the lack of suitable methods for system-wide analyses of vascular bed biology. Here, we aimed to develop a novel method for investigating vascular endothelial dysfunction pathogenesis that enables system-wide analyses of molecular interactions between endothelial glycocalyx, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells in murine. Approach and Results- We developed a new technique using whole-body differential perfusion with increasing concentrations of detergent buffer to selectively solubilize distinct layers of vascular bed tissue in rodents. When combined with proteomics techniques, our novel approach of differential systemic decellularization in vivo enabled quantitative profiling of vascular beds throughout the body. Initial perfusion with phosphate buffer was used to obtain the endothelial glycocalyx, followed by subsequent extraction of endothelial cell components, and finally by smooth muscle cell constituents with increasing concentrations of detergent. Differential systemic decellularization in vivo has also been successfully applied to characterize molecular events in the vascular bed pathology of lipopolysaccharide-challenged mice. Conclusions- Together, these data indicate that differential systemic decellularization in vivo permits system-wide molecular characterization of vascular bed proteomes in rodent models and can be used to advance our current understanding of vascular endothelial dysfunction pathogenesis and progression in a wide range of disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Serra
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (A.S., X.G.-P., J.E.P., J.P.T., S.K.S.)
| | - Xavier Gallart-Palau
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (A.S., X.G.-P., J.E.P., J.P.T., S.K.S.)
| | - Jung Eun Park
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (A.S., X.G.-P., J.E.P., J.P.T., S.K.S.)
| | - Grace Gui Yin Lim
- Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore (G.G.Y.L., K.L.L.)
| | - Kah Leong Lim
- Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore (G.G.Y.L., K.L.L.)
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore (K.L.L.)
| | - Hee Hwa Ho
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore (H.H.H.)
| | - James P Tam
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (A.S., X.G.-P., J.E.P., J.P.T., S.K.S.)
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (A.S., X.G.-P., J.E.P., J.P.T., S.K.S.)
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31
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Wang XP, Im SJ, Balchak DM, Montalbetti N, Carattino MD, Ray EC, Kashlan OB. Murine epithelial sodium (Na +) channel regulation by biliary factors. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:10182-10193. [PMID: 31092599 PMCID: PMC6664190 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) mediates Na+ transport in several epithelia, including the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron, distal colon, and biliary epithelium. Numerous factors regulate ENaC activity, including extracellular ligands, post-translational modifications, and membrane-resident lipids. However, ENaC regulation by bile acids and conjugated bilirubin, metabolites that are abundant in the biliary tree and intestinal tract and are sometimes elevated in the urine of individuals with advanced liver disease, remains poorly understood. Here, using a Xenopus oocyte-based system to express and functionally study ENaC, we found that, depending on the bile acid used, bile acids both activate and inhibit mouse ENaC. Whether bile acids were activating or inhibiting was contingent on the position and orientation of specific bile acid moieties. For example, a hydroxyl group at the 12-position and facing the hydrophilic side (12α-OH) was activating. Taurine-conjugated bile acids, which have reduced membrane permeability, affected ENaC activity more strongly than did their more membrane-permeant unconjugated counterparts, suggesting that bile acids regulate ENaC extracellularly. Bile acid-dependent activation was enhanced by amino acid substitutions in ENaC that depress open probability and was precluded by proteolytic cleavage that increases open probability, consistent with an effect of bile acids on ENaC open probability. Bile acids also regulated ENaC in a cortical collecting duct cell line, mirroring the results in Xenopus oocytes. We also show that bilirubin conjugates activate ENaC. These results indicate that ENaC responds to compounds abundant in bile and that their ability to regulate this channel depends on the presence of specific functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ping Wang
- From the Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Marcelo D Carattino
- From the Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine
- the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Physiology, and
| | - Evan C Ray
- From the Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine
| | - Ossama B Kashlan
- From the Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine,
- the Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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32
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Syring KE, Cyphert TJ, Beck TC, Flynn CR, Mignemi NA, McGuinness OP. Systemic bile acids induce insulin resistance in a TGR5-independent manner. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E782-E793. [PMID: 30779633 PMCID: PMC6732652 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00362.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bile acids are involved in the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats, as well as acting as signaling molecules. Recently, bile acid signaling through farnesoid X receptor and G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) has been reported to elicit changes in not only bile acid synthesis but also metabolic processes, including the alteration of gluconeogenic gene expression and energy expenditure. A role for bile acids in glucose metabolism is also supported by a correlation between changes in the metabolic state of patients (i.e., obesity or postbariatric surgery) and altered serum bile acid levels. However, despite evidence for a role for bile acids during metabolically challenging settings, the direct effect of elevated bile acids on insulin action in the absence of metabolic disease has yet to be investigated. The present study examines the impact of acutely elevated plasma bile acid levels on insulin sensitivity using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. In wild-type mice, elevated bile acids impair hepatic insulin sensitivity by blunting the insulin suppression of hepatic glucose production. The impaired hepatic insulin sensitivity could not be attributed to TGR5 signaling, as TGR5 knockout mice exhibited a similar inhibition of insulin suppression of hepatic glucose production. Canonical insulin signaling pathways, such as hepatic PKB (or Akt) activation, were not perturbed in these animals. Interestingly, bile acid infusion directly into the portal vein did not result in an impairment in hepatic insulin sensitivity. Overall, the data indicate that acute increases in circulating bile acids in lean mice impair hepatic insulin sensitivity via an indirect mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen E Syring
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Travis J Cyphert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University College of Science, Huntington, West Virginia
| | - Thomas C Beck
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Charles R Flynn
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Nicholas A Mignemi
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Owen P McGuinness
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville, Tennessee
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Yabe K, Ozaki H, Maruyama T, Hayashi K, Matto Y, Ishizaka M, Makita T, Noma SY, Fujiwara K, Kushiro M. Improvement of the Culture Medium for the Dichlorvos-Ammonia (DV-AM) Method to Selectively Detect Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Soil. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10120519. [PMID: 30563113 PMCID: PMC6316280 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10120519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dichlorvos-ammonia (DV-AM) method is a simple but sensitive visual method for detecting aflatoxigenic fungi. Here we sought to develop a selective medium that is appropriate for the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi among soil mycoflora. We examined the effects of different concentrations of carbon sources (sucrose and glucose) and detergents (deoxycholate (DOC), Triton X-100, and Tween 80) on microorganisms in soils, using agar medium supplemented with chloramphenicol. The results demonstrated that 5–10% sucrose concentrations and 0.1–0.15% DOC concentrations were appropriate for the selective detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil. We also identified the optimal constituents of the medium on which the normal rapid growth of Rhizopus sp. was completely inhibited. By using the new medium along with the DV-AM method, we succeeded in the isolation of aflatoxigenic fungi from non-agricultural fields in Fukui city, Japan. The fungi were identified as Aspergillus nomius based on their calmodulin gene sequences. These results indicate that the new medium will be useful in practice for the detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil samples including those from non-agricultural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Yabe
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Haruna Ozaki
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Takuya Maruyama
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Hayashi
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Yuki Matto
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Marika Ishizaka
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Takeru Makita
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Syun-Ya Noma
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Kousuke Fujiwara
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Masayo Kushiro
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-12 Kannon-dai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
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Sotnichenko AS, Nakokhov RZ, Gubareva EA, Kuevda EV, Gumenyuk IS. Morphological Evaluation of the Tissue Reaction to Subcutaneous Implantation of Decellularized Matrices. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 166:287-292. [PMID: 30488196 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Based on the data of morphological analysis, we performed histological evaluation of rat tissue reaction to subcutaneous implantation of decellularized matrices of intrathoracic organs and tissues. Cell composition of the inflammatory infiltrate was analyzed, and the dynamics of macrophage and T and B lymphocyte content was assessed on days 7 and 14 of the experiment. It was found that the reaction to implantation depended not only on the quality of decellularization and efficiency of removal of antigen molecules, but also on the original histological structure and quality of preimplantation processing of the transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Z Nakokhov
- Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - E A Gubareva
- Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - E V Kuevda
- Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
| | - I S Gumenyuk
- Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russia
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35
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Tsukune N, Naito M, Ohashi A, Ninomiya T, Sato S, Takahashi T. Forced expression of mouse progerin attenuates the osteoblast differentiation interrupting β-catenin signal pathway in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 375:655-664. [PMID: 30284086 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear protein, lamin A, which is a component of inner membrane on nucleoplasm, plays a role in nuclear formation and cell differentiation. The expression of mutated lamin A, termed progerin, causes a rare genetic aging disorder, Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, which shows abnormal bone formation with the decrease in a number of osteoblasts and osteocytes. However, exact molecular mechanism how progerin exerts depressive effects on osteogenesis has not been fully understood. Here, we created mouse lamin A dC50 cDNA encoding progerin that lacks 50 amino acid residues at C-terminus, transfected it in mouse preosteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells, and examined the changes in osteoblast phenotype. When lamin A dC50-expressed cells were cultured with differentiation-inductive medium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mRNA levels of major osteoblast markers, type I collagen (Col1), bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentine matrix protein 1 (DMP1), and Runx2 were significantly decreased, and no mineralized nodules were detected as seen in control cells expressing empty vector. In the culture with mineralization-inductive medium, mRNA levels of BSP, osteocalcin, DMP1, Runx2, and osterix were strongly decreased parallel with loss of mineralization in lamin A dC50-expressed cells, while mineralized nodules appear at 21 days in control cells. Furthermore, lamin A dC50 expression was depressed nuclear localization of β-catenin with the decrease of GSK-3β phosphorylation level. These results suggest that lamin A dC50 depresses osteoblast differentiation in both early and late stages, and it negatively regulates β-catenin activity interacting with GSK-3β in cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tsukune
- Division of Applied Oral Science, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Masako Naito
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Akiko Ohashi
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ninomiya
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sato
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Tomihisa Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
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Saga K, Iwashita Y, Hidano S, Aso Y, Isaka K, Kido Y, Tada K, Takayama H, Masuda T, Hirashita T, Endo Y, Ohta M, Kobayashi T, Inomata M. Secondary Unconjugated Bile Acids Induce Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103043. [PMID: 30301191 PMCID: PMC6213941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are key players in liver fibrosis, cellular senescence, and hepatic carcinogenesis. Bile acids (BAs) are involved in the activation of HSCs, but the detailed mechanism of this process remains unclear. We conducted a comprehensive DNA microarray study of the human HSC line LX-2 treated with deoxycholic acid (DCA), a secondary unconjugated BA. Additionally, LX-2 cells were exposed to nine BAs and studied using immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry to examine the mechanisms of HSC activation. We focused on the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway and revealed upregulation of genes related to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors. α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was highly expressed in cells treated with secondary unconjugated BAs, including DCA, and a morphological change associated with radial extension of subendothelial protrusion was observed. Interleukin-6 level in culture supernatant was significantly higher in cells treated with secondary unconjugated BAs. Flow cytometry showed that the proportion of cells highly expressing α-SMA was significantly increased in HSCs cultured with secondary unconjugated BAs. We demonstrated that secondary unconjugated BAs induced the activation of human HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Saga
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Yukio Iwashita
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Shinya Hidano
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Yuiko Aso
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Kenji Isaka
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Yasutoshi Kido
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Hiroomi Takayama
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Takashi Masuda
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Teijiro Hirashita
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Inomata
- Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
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Blandford AD, Ansari W, Young JM, Maley B, Plesec TP, Hwang CJ, Perry JD. Deoxycholic Acid and the Marginal Mandibular Nerve: A Cadaver Study. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018; 42:1394-1398. [PMID: 29869228 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the rare but serious complications observed with deoxycholic acid administration is damage to the marginal mandibular nerve. In this study, we evaluated if deoxycholic acid directly induces histologic damage to fresh cadaveric marginal mandibular nerve. METHODS A segment of marginal mandibular nerve was harvested from 12 hemifaces of 6 fresh cadavers. The nerve specimen was exposed to either 0.9% sterile saline for 24 h, deoxycholic acid (10 mg/ml) for 20 min, or deoxycholic acid (10 mg/ml) for 24 h. The nerve specimens were then fixed in glutaraldehyde for a minimum of 24 h. Toluidine blue stained sections were evaluated for stain intensity using light microscopy and color deconvolution image analysis. Supraplatysmal fat was harvested as a positive control and exposed to the same treatments as the marginal mandibular nerve specimens, then evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Toluidine blue staining was less in the marginal mandibular nerve exposed to deoxycholic acid when compared to saline. The specimen exposed to deoxycholic acid for 24 h showed less toluidine blue staining than that of the nerve exposed to deoxycholic acid for 20 min. Transmission electron microscopy of submental fat exposed to deoxycholic acid revealed disruption of adipocyte cell membrane integrity and loss of cellular organelles when compared to specimens only exposed to saline. CONCLUSIONS Deoxycholic acid (10 mg/ml) damages the marginal mandibular nerve myelin sheath in fresh human cadaver specimens. Direct deoxycholic acid neurotoxicity may cause marginal mandibular nerve injury clinically. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Blandford
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk i-13, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Waseem Ansari
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk i-13, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jason M Young
- Department of Internal Medicine, Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bruce Maley
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Thomas P Plesec
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Catherine J Hwang
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk i-13, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Julian D Perry
- Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Desk i-13, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Rauso R, Tartaro G, Rugge L, Chirico F, Zerbinati N. Remodeling the neck and the lower jaw with dehoxycholate injections. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1279-1283. [PMID: 30334426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonsurgical cosmetic facial procedures have gained popularity in recent decades. These procedures are commonly referred to as facial rejuvenation, and only a few are performed in the neck region. Herein, the authors describe their experience with off-label use of deoxycholic acid (DC) injections on 18 patients for remodeling of the neck and lower jaw. The injection protocol was personalized for each patient, and lidocaine was always premixed with the DC. After the initial injection visit, at least 3 months passed before further injections were considered. All documented side effects, including swelling and dysesthesia, resolved spontaneously. All patients received follow-up for at least 3 months, and only 2 patients required a second session of injections. By personalizing the injection protocol for each patient, good outcomes were achieved, including aesthetic enhancement of the shape and contour of the jaw and neck. Although the study is limited by the relatively small sample size, the results are promising and warrant additional investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rauso
- Maxillo-Facial Department, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - G Tartaro
- Maxillo-Facial Department, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - L Rugge
- Maxillo-Facial Department, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - F Chirico
- Maxillo-Facial Department, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - N Zerbinati
- Dermatology Department, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Li N, Li Y, Gong D, Xia C, Liu X, Xu Z. Efficient decellularization for bovine pericardium with extracellular matrix preservation and good biocompatibility. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2018; 26:768-776. [PMID: 29340634 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dejun Gong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Xia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Popadyuk II, Markov AV, Morozova EA, Babich VO, Salomatina OV, Logashenko EB, Zenkova MA, Tolstikova TG, Salakhutdinov NF. Synthesis and evaluation of antitumor, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of novel deoxycholic acid derivatives bearing aryl- or hetarylsulfanyl moieties at the C-3 position. Steroids 2017; 127:1-12. [PMID: 28887170 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel deoxycholic acid (DCA) derivatives were stereoselectively synthesised with -OH and -CH2SR moieties at the C-3 position, where R was a substituted aryl [2-aminophenyl (8) or 4-chlorophenyl (9)] or hetaryl [1-methylimidazolyl (5), 1,2,4-triazolyl (6), 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl (7), pyridinyl (10) or pyrimidinyl (11)]. These compounds were prepared in good yields from the C-3β-epoxy derivative 2 in the epoxide ring-opening reaction by S-nucleophiles. These derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro anti-proliferation activity in a panel of tumor cell lines. Data showed that: (i) heterocycle-containing derivatives displayed higher cytotoxicity profiles than the parent molecule; (ii) heterocyclic substituents were more preferable than aryl moieties for enhancing anti-proliferation activity; (iii) the sensitivity of tumor cell lines to analysed compounds decreased in the following order: HuTu-80 (duodenal carcinoma)>KB-3-1 (cervical carcinoma)>HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma)>MH-22a (hepatoma); (iv) compounds 5, 6 and 11 exhibited a high cytotoxic selectivity index (HuTu-80: SI>7.7, 38.5 and 12.0, respectively). Compounds 2 and 6-8 markedly inhibited NO synthesis by interferon γ-induced macrophages. Screening for anti-inflammatory activity of these derivatives in vivo showed their high potency on histamine- (5, 10) and formalin- (2, 10, 11) induced paw edema models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Popadyuk
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey V Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina A Morozova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriya O Babich
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk State University, 2, Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Oksana V Salomatina
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya B Logashenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Tat'yana G Tolstikova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Lavrent'ev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk State University, 2, Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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Abstract
Obesity, a serious health risk factor, is often associated with depression and negatively affects many aspects of life. Injection of a formula comprising phosphatidylcholine (PPC) and deoxycholate (DC) has emerged as an alternative to liposuction in the reduction of local fat deposits. However, the formula component mainly responsible for this effect and the mechanism behind the actions of the components with respect to fat reduction are unknown. Here, we investigate the specific effects of PPC and DC on adipocyte viability. When exposed to PPC or DC, 3T3L1 preadipocytes and differentiated adipocytes showed dose dependent decrease in cell viability. Interestingly, while DC mediated cell death was non-specific to both preadipocytes and adipocytes, PPC specifically induced a decrease in mature adipocyte viability, but had less effect on preadipocytes. Injection of PPC and DC into inguinal fat pads caused reduction in size. PPC injections preferentially decreased gene expression in mature adipocytes, while a strong inflammatory response was elicited by DC injection. In line with the decreased adipocyte viability, exposure of differentiated adipocytes to PPC resulted in triglyceride release, with a minimal effect on free fatty acids release, suggesting that its fat-reducing effect mediated mainly through the induction of adipocyte cell death rather than lipolysis. Taken together, it appears that PPC specifically affects adipocytes, and has less effect on preadipocyte viability. It can therefore be a promising agent to selectively reduce adipose tissue mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Seo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghyun Son
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngsup Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Zarattini M, Launay A, Farjad M, Wénès E, Taconnat L, Boutet S, Bernacchia G, Fagard M. The bile acid deoxycholate elicits defences in Arabidopsis and reduces bacterial infection. Mol Plant Pathol 2017; 18:540-554. [PMID: 27085087 PMCID: PMC6638291 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Disease has an effect on crop yields, causing significant losses. As the worldwide demand for agricultural products increases, there is a need to pursue the development of new methods to protect crops from disease. One mechanism of plant protection is through the activation of the plant immune system. By exogenous application, 'plant activator molecules' with elicitor properties can be used to activate the plant immune system. These defence-inducing molecules represent a powerful and often environmentally friendly tool to fight pathogens. We show that the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) induces defence in Arabidopsis and reduces the proliferation of two bacterial phytopathogens: Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. We describe the global defence response triggered by this new plant activator in Arabidopsis at the transcriptional level. Several induced genes were selected for further analysis by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We describe the kinetics of their induction and show that abiotic stress, such as moderate drought or nitrogen limitation, does not impede DCA induction of defence. Finally, we investigate the role in the activation of defence by this bile acid of the salicylic acid biosynthesis gene SID2, of the receptor-like kinase family genes WAK1-3 and of the NADPH oxidase-encoding RbohD gene. Altogether, we show that DCA constitutes a promising molecule for plant protection which can induce complementary lines of defence, such as callose deposition, reactive oxygen species accumulation and the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zarattini
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginUMR 1318, INRA, AgroParistech, ERL CNRS 3559, U. Paris‐Saclay, RD10VersaillesF‐78026France
- Department of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyUniversity of FerraraFerrara 44121Italy
| | - Alban Launay
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginUMR 1318, INRA, AgroParistech, ERL CNRS 3559, U. Paris‐Saclay, RD10VersaillesF‐78026France
- Université Paris‐Sud, U. Paris‐SaclayOrsay91405France
| | - Mahsa Farjad
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginUMR 1318, INRA, AgroParistech, ERL CNRS 3559, U. Paris‐Saclay, RD10VersaillesF‐78026France
| | - Estelle Wénès
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginUMR 1318, INRA, AgroParistech, ERL CNRS 3559, U. Paris‐Saclay, RD10VersaillesF‐78026France
| | - Ludivine Taconnat
- Institute of Plant Sciences – Paris‐Saclay, INRA, CNRSU. Paris‐Sud, U. Paris‐SaclayOrsay91405France
| | - Stéphanie Boutet
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginUMR 1318, INRA, AgroParistech, ERL CNRS 3559, U. Paris‐Saclay, RD10VersaillesF‐78026France
| | - Giovanni Bernacchia
- Department of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyUniversity of FerraraFerrara 44121Italy
| | - Mathilde Fagard
- Institut Jean‐Pierre BourginUMR 1318, INRA, AgroParistech, ERL CNRS 3559, U. Paris‐Saclay, RD10VersaillesF‐78026France
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Lou LH, Zeng Y, Zhou H, Lu YY, Wang XP. [Effect of deoxycholic acid intervention on growth of ileum organoids derived from C57BL/6 mice]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2017; 37:6-12. [PMID: 28109091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a culture system for mouse intestinal organoids and investigate the effect of deoxycholic acid (DCA) on organoids growth. METHODS The terminal ileum was collected from 8-month-old C57BL<6 mice. The tissue blocks were treated with EDTA and the crypts were collected and embedded in Matrigel Matrix. Orgnoids growth and buddings were observed in the control group, anhydrous alcohol group, short-term (2 days) 100 µmol<L DCA treatment group, and long-term (10 days) 10 µmol<L DCA treatment group; the orgnoids were further cultured for 10 days after removal of DCA from the medium and observed for orgnoids growth and buddings. RESULTS Short-term treatment with high-concentration DCA resulted in significantly reduced enterosphere formation, enteroids formation, progression from enterospheres to enteroids and number of crypt buds per enteroid (P<0.05), which remained unchanged even after removal of DCA for a short time (P<0.05); long after DCA removal, the enteroids formation rate and number of the crypt buds still remained lower than those in normal organoids (P<0.05). Short-term treatment with low-concentration DCA only resulted in reduced enteroids formation rate and number of crypt buds (P<0.05), and prolonged treatment caused reduced enterospheres formation rate, enteroids formation rate and number of crypt buds (P<0.05). After DCA removal, enteroids formation rate and the number of crypt buds still remained lower than those in the normal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION We successfully established an organoids culture system. The presence of DCA in the culture system affects the growth of the organoids, which can partly recover following a prolonged period after the removal of DCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 200080, China.E-mail:
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Rocheblave L, de Ravel MR, Monniot E, Tavenard J, Cuilleron CY, Grenot C, Radix S, Matera EL, Dumontet C, Walchshofer N. Deoxycholic acid derivatives as inhibitors of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug efflux. Steroids 2016; 116:5-12. [PMID: 27697501 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Deoxycholic acid derivatives were designed as P-glycoprotein (Pgp, ABCB1) inhibitors. Thus the synthesis and the biological activity of methyl deoxycholate derivatives 5-10 and their ether analogs 15-20 have been reported. The potency of these compounds to modulate Pgp-mediated MDR was evaluated through daunorubicin accumulation and potentiation of doxorubicin cytotoxicity in K562/R7 multidrug resistant cells overexpressing Pgp. In parallel, their intrinsic toxicity was appreciated on K562 sensitive cells. Methyl 12α-[(2R or 2S) tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy]-3-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate 9b has shown a good efficiency as a Pgp inhibitor and a low intrinsic toxicity. Therefore, this derivative constitutes a new lead compound which can be used as a starting point to improve the design of non-toxic Pgp modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Rocheblave
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Marc Rolland de Ravel
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cheney D, 28 rue Laënnec, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Elodie Monniot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jeremy Tavenard
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Claude-Yves Cuilleron
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Catherine Grenot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Sylvie Radix
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Eva-Laure Matera
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cheney D, 28 rue Laënnec, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Charles Dumontet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cheney D, 28 rue Laënnec, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Nadia Walchshofer
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, EA 4446, 8 avenue Rockefeller, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
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Xiong XH, Huang LH, Zhong YM, Cheng XG, Cen MF, Wang GX, Zang LQ, Wang SJ. Absorption mechanism of oxymatrine in cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney cell monolayers. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:2168-2175. [PMID: 26983455 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1149496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Oxymatrine (OMT) is beneficial to human health by exerting various biological effects. Objective To investigate the absorption mechanism of OMT and discover absorption enhancers using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell monolayers. Materials and methods Concentration effects on the transport of OMT were measured in the range of 1.0 × 10(-5)-1.0 × 10(-3) M in 2 h. Then, the effect of time, direction, temperature and pH on the transport of OMT at 10(-4) M was studied. Moreover, Papp of OMT was determined in the absence/presence of cyclosporine and surfactants at 100 μM to further confirm the relative transport mechanism. Results The Papp AP→BL ranged from (3.040 ± 0.23) × 10(-6) to (3.697 ± 0.19) × 10(-6 )cm/s as the concentration varied from 10(-5) to 10(-3) M. OMT showed similar Papp at 4 and 37 °C (p > 0.05). Increasing the apical pH 7.4 and 8.0 resulted in Papp versus pH 5.0 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, in the presence of cyclosporine and surfactants including sodium citrate, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and deoxysodium cholate, Papp was (0.318 ± 0.033) × 10(-5), (0.464 ± 0.048) × 10(-5), (0.897 ± 0.115) × 10(-5) and (1.341 ± 0.122) × 10(-5 )cm/s, respectively. In the presence of surfactants, Papp significantly increased up to 1.5-4.3-fold (p < 0.05). Discussion and conclusion OMT transport across MDCK cell monolayers was by passive diffusion. Sodium citrate, SDS and deoxysodium cholate serve as excellent absorption enhancers which are useful for the related research improving the oral bioavailability of OMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Xiong
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Huang
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yun-Ming Zhong
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Ge Cheng
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Mei-Feng Cen
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Gui-Xiang Wang
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Lin-Quan Zang
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Su-Jun Wang
- a School of Pharmacy , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
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Brackeen A. A template for estimating doses of deoxycholic acid for submental fat fullness. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 75:e151-e152. [PMID: 27646760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Brackeen
- Lubbock Dermatology and Skin Cancer Center, Lubbock, Texas
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Gonzalez-Sanchez E, Perez MJ, Nytofte NS, Briz O, Monte MJ, Lozano E, Serrano MA, Marin JJG. Protective role of biliverdin against bile acid-induced oxidative stress in liver cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:466-477. [PMID: 27387768 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of bile acids affects mitochondria causing oxidative stress. Antioxidant defense is accepted to include biotransformation of biliverdin (BV) into bilirubin (BR) through BV reductase α (BVRα). The mutation (c.214C>A) in BLVRA results in a non-functional enzyme (mutBVRα). Consequently, homozygous carriers suffering from cholestasis develop green jaundice. Whether BVRα deficiency reduces BV-dependent protection against bile acids is a relevant question because a screening of the mut-BLVRA allele (a) in 311 individuals in Greenland revealed that this SNP was relatively frequent in the Inuit population studied (1% a/a and 4.5% A/a). In three human liver cell lines an inverse correlation between BVRα expression (HepG2>Alexander>HuH-7) and basal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was found, however the ability of BV to reduce oxidative stress and cell death induced by deoxycholic acid (DCA) or potassium dichromate (PDC) was similar in these cells. The transduction of BVRα or mutBVRα in human placenta JAr cells with negligible BVRα expression or the silencing of endogenous BVRα expression in liver cells had no effect on DCA-induced oxidative stress and cell death or BV-mediated cytoprotection. DCA stimulated both superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production, whereas BV only inhibited the latter. DCA and other dihydroxy-bile acids, but not PDC, induced up-regulation of both BVRα and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in liver cells through a FXR independent and BV insensitive mechanism. In conclusion, BV exerts direct and BVRα-independent antioxidant and cytoprotective effects, whereas bile acid accumulation in cholestasis stimulates the expression of enzymes favoring the heme biotransformation into BV and BR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Gonzalez-Sanchez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Maria J Perez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria J Monte
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elisa Lozano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria A Serrano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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Jeon OC, Byun Y, Park JW. Preparation of Oxaliplatin-Deoxycholic Acid Derivative Nanocomplexes and In Vivo Evaluation of Their Oral Absorption and Tumor Growth Suppression. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:2061-2064. [PMID: 27433728 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.11914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To prepare orally available oxaliplatin (OXA), nanocomplexes were formed by ionic conjugation of OXA with the deoxycholic acid derivative, Nalpha-deoxycholy-L-lysyl-methylester (DCK), as an oral absorption enhancer. We characterized the DCK-conjugated OXA nanocomplexes by differential scanning calorimetry, particle size determination, and morphological analysis. To evaluate the effects of DCK on the intestinal permeability of OXA, we assessed the solubilities and partition coefficients of OXA and the OXA/DCK nanocomplex, and then conducted in vitro artificial intestinal membrane and Caco-2 cell permeability studies. Finally, bioavailability in rats and tumor growth inhibition in the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC7) model after oral administration of the OXA/DCK nanocomplex were investigated compared to pure OXA. Analysis of the ionic complex formation of OXA with DCK revealed that OXA existed in an amorphous form within the complex, resulting in for- mation of nanocomp;exes (35.05 +/- 4.48 nm in diameter). The solubility of OXA in water was approximately 7.07 mg/mL, whereas the water solubility of OXA/DCK was approximately 2.04 mg/mL and its partition coefficient was approximately 1.2-fold higher than that of OXA. The in vitro intestinal membrane permeability of OXA was significantly enhanced by complex formation with DCK. An in vivo pharmacokinetic study revealed that the Cm value of the OXA/DCK nanocomplex was 3.18-fold higher than that of OXA (32.22 +/- 10.24 ng/mL), and the resulting oral bioavailability of the OXA/DCK nanocomplex was 39.3-fold more than that of OXA. Furthermore, the oral administration of OXA/DCK significantly inhibited tumor growth in SCC7-bearing mice, and maximally inhibited tumor volume by 54% compared to the control. These findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of the OXA/DCK nanocomplex as an oral anti-cancer therapy because it improves the oral absorption of OXA, which may improve patient compliance and expand the therapeutic applications of OXA to the prevention of recurrence and metastasis.
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Scheerlinck E, Dhaenens M, Van Soom A, Peelman L, De Sutter P, Van Steendam K, Deforce D. Minimizing technical variation during sample preparation prior to label-free quantitative mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 2015; 490:14-9. [PMID: 26302362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation is the crucial starting point to obtain high-quality mass spectrometry data and can be divided into two main steps in a bottom-up proteomics approach: cell/tissue lysis with or without detergents and a(n) (in-solution) digest comprising denaturation, reduction, alkylation, and digesting of the proteins. Here, some important considerations, among others, are that the reagents used for sample preparation can inhibit the digestion enzyme (e.g., 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate [SDS] and 0.5 M guanidine HCl), give rise to ion suppression (e.g., polyethylene glycol [PEG]), be incompatible with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (e.g., SDS), and can induce additional modifications (e.g., urea). Taken together, all of these irreproducible effects are gradually becoming a problem when label-free quantitation of the samples is envisioned such as during the increasingly popular high-definition mass spectrometry (HDMS(E)) and sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra (SWATH) data-independent acquisition strategies. Here, we describe the detailed validation of a reproducible method with sufficient protein yield for sample preparation without any known LC-MS/MS interfering substances by using 1% sodium deoxycholate (SDC) during both cell lysis and in-solution digest.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Scheerlinck
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Dhaenens
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics, and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - L Peelman
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics, and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P De Sutter
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - K Van Steendam
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - D Deforce
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Hübner NF, Horch RE, Polykandriotis E, Rau TT, Dragu A. A histopathologic and immunohistochemical study on liquification of human adipose tissue ex vivo. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2014; 38:976-84. [PMID: 25015550 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-014-0371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This preliminary ex vivo study aimed to clarify the pathophysiologic mechanisms of fat tissue depletion by subcutaneous drug application. Therefore, the lipolytic effects of phosphatidylcholine plus deoxycholate (Lipostabil) (L) and of deoxycholate (DC) alone were compared with those of sodium chloride (NaCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as control agents. The study enrolled 10 patients receiving abdominoplasty. The treatment periods for each sample and solution were 1, 3, 5, and 7 h. The samples were analyzed morphologically using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and also immunohistochemically using Caspase 3 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Morphologic changes were seen best after 5 h of application time. Except for NaCl, all the samples in the H&E staining showed marked damage of adipocyte cell membranes, with the greatest disruption of normal cell architecture after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) application. Immunohistochemistry using TNF-alpha showed positive results for the deoxycholate and Lipostabil samples and highly positive results for the H2O2 sample. Data from this study indicate that Lipostabil and deoxycholate induce pathways of cell necrosis involving TNF-alpha. These short-term experiments indicate that Lipostabil affects fat tissue in the way of a chemical-toxic destruction rather than via a physiologically induced, programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina-Fee Hübner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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