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Gooran N, Tan SW, Frey SL, Jackman JA. Unraveling the Biophysical Mechanisms of How Antiviral Detergents Disrupt Supported Lipid Membranes: Toward Replacing Triton X-100. Langmuir 2024; 40:6524-6536. [PMID: 38478717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a membrane-disrupting detergent that is widely used to inactivate membrane-enveloped viral pathogens, yet is being phased out due to environmental safety concerns. Intense efforts are underway to discover regulatory acceptable detergents to replace TX-100, but there is scarce mechanistic understanding about how these other detergents disrupt phospholipid membranes and hence which ones are suitable to replace TX-100 from a biophysical interaction perspective. Herein, using the quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques in combination with supported lipid membrane platforms, we characterized the membrane-disruptive properties of a panel of TX-100 replacement candidates with varying antiviral activities and identified two distinct classes of membrane-interacting detergents with different critical micelle concentration (CMC) dependencies and biophysical mechanisms. While all tested detergents formed micelles, only a subset of the detergents caused CMC-dependent membrane solubilization similarly to that of TX-100, whereas other detergents adsorbed irreversibly to lipid membrane interfaces in a CMC-independent manner. We compared these biophysical results to virus inactivation data, which led us to identify that certain membrane-interaction profiles contribute to greater antiviral activity and such insights can help with the discovery and validation of antiviral detergents to replace TX-100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Gooran
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue Woon Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Shelli L Frey
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17325, United States
| | - Joshua A Jackman
- School of Chemical Engineering and Translational Nanobioscience Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Terrie L, Philips C, Muylle E, Weisrock A, Lecomte-Grosbras P, Thorrez L. Decellularized tissue exhibits large differences of extracellular matrix properties dependent on decellularization method: novel insights from a standardized characterization on skeletal muscle. Biofabrication 2024; 16:025033. [PMID: 38394679 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad2c99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Decellularized matrices are an attractive choice of scaffold in regenerative medicine as they can provide the necessary extracellular matrix (ECM) components, signals and mechanical properties. Various detergent-based protocols have already been proposed for decellularization of skeletal muscle tissue. However, a proper comparison is difficult due to differences in species, muscle origin and sample sizes. Moreover, a thorough evaluation of the remaining acellular matrix is often lacking. We compared an in-house developed decellularization protocol to four previously published methods in a standardized manner. Porcine skeletal muscle samples with uniform thickness were subjected to in-depth histological, ultrastructural, biochemical and biomechanical analysis. In addition, 2D and three-dimensional cytocompatibility experiments were performed. We found that the decellularization methods had a differential effect on the properties of the resulting acellular matrices. Sodium deoxycholate combined with deoxyribonuclease I was not an effective method for decellularizing thick skeletal muscle tissue. Triton X-100 in combination with trypsin, on the other hand, removed nuclear material but not cytoplasmic proteins at low concentrations. Moreover, it led to significant alterations in the biomechanical properties. Finally, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) seemed most promising, resulting in a drastic decrease in DNA content without major effects on the ECM composition and biomechanical properties. Moreover, cell attachment and metabolic activity were also found to be the highest on samples decellularized with SDS. Through a newly proposed standardized analysis, we provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of different decellularizing agents on the structure and composition of skeletal muscle. Evaluation of nuclear content as well as ECM composition, biomechanical properties and cell growth are important parameters to assess. SDS comes forward as a detergent with the best balance between all measured parameters and holds the most promise for decellularization of skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Terrie
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Charlot Philips
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Ewout Muylle
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Antoine Weisrock
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9013-LaMcube-Laboratoire de Mécanique, Multiphysique, Multi-échelle, Lille, France
| | - Pauline Lecomte-Grosbras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9013-LaMcube-Laboratoire de Mécanique, Multiphysique, Multi-échelle, Lille, France
| | - Lieven Thorrez
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
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3
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Tsai S, Tikekar RV. The effect of emulsifier type and oil inclusion on stress-related gene expression of Salmonella typhimurium in oil-in-water emulsion. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1211-1224. [PMID: 38224194 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella has been associated with numerous outbreaks from contaminated food products, including emulsions. Emulsions are influenced by emulsifier type and oil presence, which can have varying degrees of stress or protection on bacteria. Although our previous research has shown that emulsifier solutions, rather than emulsions, provide a protective effect on Salmonella typhimurium after thermal treatment, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study selected S. typhimurium as the model microorganism and utilized the same emulsifiers (Tween 20, Tween 80, Triton X-100) to create emulsifier solutions and emulsions with the same oil fraction (60% (v/v)) to examine their effect on the expression of nine selected genes (rpoE, rpoH, otsB, proV, fadA, fabA, dnaK, ibpA, ompC) associated with stress response. Specifically, the study observed variations in gene expression under normal and thermal stress at 55°C. After 20-h incubation, Triton X-100 emulsion caused an upregulation of stress-related genes, rpoE, otsB, and fabA, suggesting stressful environment. After thermal treatment, S. typhimurium in Triton X-100 solution showed a longer 5-log reduction time with increased proV and decreased fabA and ompC expression, suggesting enhanced thermal protection compared to its emulsion. Conversely, Tween 80 solution increased fabA and ompC expression, indicating greater membrane fluidity and passive diffusion, potentially reducing thermal resistance. However, according to the upregulation of ibpA, this effect was likely mitigated by the overproduction of heat shock proteins. Notably, Triton X-100 environments exhibited the most significant gene expression changes after heat treatment, whereas Tween 80 without oil was the most inhospitable for bacterial survival. These findings inform bacterial responses under various conditions, aiding food safety strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Tsai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Rohan V Tikekar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Ustuner B, Yagcıoglu S, Nur Z, Alcay S, Demir K, Gokce E, Bakırer Ozturk G, Toker B, Sagirkaya H, Soylu MK, Birler S, Pabuccuoglu S. Effects of triton X-100 pretreatment of lyophilized and frozen-thawed ram sperm on preimplantation embryo developmental competence. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1573-1582. [PMID: 35200102 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2041433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of destruction of lyophilized and frozen-thawed ram sperm plasma and acrosomal membrane on development of embryos produced by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Semen samples were divided into two groups for lyophilization (L) and freezing (F). For the removal of the plasma membrane, L and F groups were incubated with Triton X-100 (LTX-100 and FTX-100, respectively). Integrities of the plasma membrane, acrosome and chromatin structure were evaluated. Oocytes were injected with these sperm groups. Although no plasma membrane and acrosome integrities of the L (0.0%) group were detected, the plasma membrane integrity of the F group (69.4%) was significantly higher than the FTX-100 group (23.6%) (p < 0.05). The acrosome integrity of the FTX-100 group (3.80%) was significantly lower than the F group (55.6%) (p < 0.05). The chromatin integrities of L and F groups were higher than the Triton X-100 treated groups (p < 0.05). ICSIs with L, LTX-100, F and FTX-100 sperm were produced similar cleavage and blastocyst rates. In conclusion, data presented here confirm that ram spermatozoa can effectively be lyophilized and injected into oocytes for initiation of embryonic development and Triton X-100 pretreatment is not necessary while using lyophilized and frozen semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ustuner
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Selin Yagcıoglu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zekariya Nur
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Selim Alcay
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kamber Demir
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Gokce
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Gul Bakırer Ozturk
- Department of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Istanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berk Toker
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sagirkaya
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Soylu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sema Birler
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhat Pabuccuoglu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Schwind AM, Walsh DJ, Burke CM, Supattapone S. Phospholipid cofactor solubilization inhibits formation of native prions. J Neurochem 2023; 166:875-884. [PMID: 37551010 PMCID: PMC10528465 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Cofactor molecules are required to generate infectious mammalian prions in vitro. Mouse and hamster prions appear to have different cofactor preferences: Whereas both mouse and hamster prions can use phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as a prion cofactor, only hamster prions can also use single-stranded RNA as an alternative cofactor. Here, we investigated the effect of detergent solubilization on rodent prion formation in vitro. We discovered that detergents that can solubilize PE (n-octylglucoside, n-octylgalactoside, and CHAPS) inhibit mouse prion formation in serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) reactions using bank vole brain homogenate substrate, whereas detergents that are unable to solubilize PE (Triton X-100 and IPEGAL) have no effect. For all three PE-solubilizing detergents, inhibition of RML mouse prion formation was only observed above the critical micellar concentration (CMC). Two other mouse prion strains, Me7 and 301C, were also inhibited by the three PE-solubilizing detergents but not by Triton X-100 or IPEGAL. In contrast, none of the detergents inhibited hamster prion formation in parallel sPMCA reactions using the same bank vole brain homogenate substrate. In reconstituted sPMCA reactions using purified substrates, n-octylglucoside inhibited hamster prion formation when immunopurified bank vole PrPC substrate was supplemented with brain phospholipid but not with RNA. Interestingly, phospholipid cofactor solubilization had no effect in sPMCA reactions using bacterially expressed recombinant PrP substrate, indicating that the inhibitory effect of solubilization requires PrPC post-translational modifications. Overall, these in vitro results show that the ability of PE to facilitate the formation of native but not recombinant prions requires phospholipid bilayer integrity, suggesting that membrane structure may play an important role in prion formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M. Schwind
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Daniel J. Walsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Cassandra M. Burke
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Surachai Supattapone
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
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Belviso I, Sacco AM, Cozzolino D, Nurzynska D, Di Meglio F, Castaldo C, Romano V. Cardiac-derived extracellular matrix: A decellularization protocol for heart regeneration. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276224. [PMID: 36260645 PMCID: PMC9581349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a fundamental component of the heart, guiding vital cellular processes during organ homeostasis. Most cardiovascular diseases lead to a remarkable remodeling of the ECM, accompanied by the formation of a fibrotic tissue that heavily compromises the heart function. Effective therapies for managing fibrosis and promoting physiological ECM repair are not yet available. The production of a decellularized extracellular matrix (d-ECM) serving as a three-dimensional and bioactive scaffold able to modulate cellular behavior and activities is considered crucial to achieve a successful regeneration. The protocol represents a step-by-step method to obtain a decellularized cardiac matrix through the combination of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Triton X-100. Briefly, cardiac samples obtained from left ventricles of explanted, pathological human hearts were dissected and washed to remove residual body fluids. Samples were then snap-frozen and sliced by a cryostat into 350 μm thick sections. The sections obtained were decellularized using a solution containing 1% Triton X-100 and 1% SDS in combination, for 24 hours, until observing the color change from brownish-red to translucent-white. As a result, the protocol shows efficiency in preserving ECM architecture and protein composition during the whole process, suggesting that it is worthwhile, highly reproducible and produces a well- preserved decellularized extracellular matrix from cardiac samples. Notwithstanding, some limitations need to be addressed, such as the risk for microbial contamination and the unpredictable trend of the protocol when applied to decellularize samples other than myocardium, vessels, or skin. These issues require antibiotics mixture supplement during the procedure followed by UV sterilization, and appropriate adjustments for a tissue-specific utilization, respectively. The protocol is intended to produce a cardiac d-ECM for cell settlement, representing the ideal scaffold for tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Belviso
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Sacco
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Cozzolino
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daria Nurzynska
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Franca Di Meglio
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (CC); (FDM)
| | - Clotilde Castaldo
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (CC); (FDM)
| | - Veronica Romano
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Shahraki S, Bideskan AE, Aslzare M, Tavakkoli M, Bahrami AR, Hosseinian S, Matin MM, Rad AK. Renal bioengineering with scaffolds prepared from discarded human kidneys by human mesenchymal stem cells. Life Sci 2021; 295:120167. [PMID: 34822795 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Regeneration of discarded human kidneys has been considered as an ideal approach to overcome organ shortage for the end-stage renal diseases (ESRDs). The aim of this study was to develop an effective method for preparation of kidney scaffolds that retain the matrix structure required for proliferation and importantly, differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAd-MSCs) into renal cells. MAIN METHODS we first compared two different methods using triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for human kidney decellularization; and characterized developed human renal extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds. Then, hAd-MSCs were seeded on human decellularized kidney scaffolds and cultured for up to 3 weeks. Next, viability, proliferation, and migration of seeded hAd-MSCs within the scaffolds, underwent histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessments. Moreover, differentiation of hAd-MSCs into kidney-specific cell types was examined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and qRT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Our results indicated that triton X-100 was a more effective detergent for decellularization of human kidneys compared with SDS. Moreover, attachment and proliferation of hAd-MSCs within the recellularized human kidney scaffolds, were confirmed. Seeded cells expressed epithelial and endothelial differentiation markers, and qRT-PCR results indicated increased expression of platelet and endothelial cell adhesion Molecule 1 (PECAM-1), paired box 2 (PAX2), and e-cadherine (E-CDH) as factors required for differentiation of hAd-MSCs into epithelial and endothelial cells. SIGNIFICANCE These observations indicate effectiveness of decellularization by triton X-100 to generate suitable human ECM renal scaffolds, which supported adhesion and proliferation of hAd-MSCs and could induce their differentiation towards a renal lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Shahraki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Aslzare
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Tavakkoli
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseinian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Khajavi Rad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Rørvik GH, Naemi A, Edvardsen PKT, Simm R. The c-di-AMP signaling system influences stress tolerance and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mitis. Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1203. [PMID: 34459556 PMCID: PMC8289670 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mitis is a commensal bacterial species of the oral cavity, with the potential for opportunistic pathogenesis. For successful colonization, S. mitis must be able to adhere to surfaces of the oral cavity and survive and adapt to frequently changing environmental conditions. Cyclic-di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is a nucleotide second messenger, involved in the regulation of stress responses and biofilm formation in several bacterial species. Cyclic-di-AMP is produced by diadenylate cyclases and degraded by phosphodiesterases. We have previously shown that in S. mitis, one diadenylate cyclase (CdaA) and at least two phosphodiesterases (Pde1 and Pde2) regulate the intracellular concentration of c-di-AMP. In this study, we utilized S. mitis deletion mutants of cdaA, pde1, and pde2 to analyze the role of c-di-AMP signaling in various stress responses, biofilm formation, and adhesion to eukaryotic cells. Here, we demonstrate that the Δpde1 mutant displayed a tendency toward increased susceptibility to acetic acid at pH 4.0. Deletion of cdaA increases auto-aggregation of S. mitis but reduces biofilm formation on an abiotic surface. These phenotypes are more pronounced under acidic extracellular conditions. Inactivation of pde1 or pde2 reduced the tolerance to ciprofloxacin, and UV radiation and the Δpde1 mutant was more susceptible to Triton X-100, indicating a role for c-di-AMP signaling in responses to DNA damage and cell membrane perturbation. Finally, the Δpde2 mutant displayed a tendency toward a reduced ability to adhere to oral keratinocytes. Taken together, our results indicate an important role for c-di-AMP signaling in cellular processes important for colonization of the mouth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Per Kristian Thorén Edvardsen
- Institute of Oral BiologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
- Present address:
Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food ScienceNorwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway
| | - Roger Simm
- Institute of Oral BiologyUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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Klak M, Łojszczyk I, Berman A, Tymicki G, Adamiok-Ostrowska A, Sierakowski M, Olkowski R, Szczepankiewicz AA, Kamiński A, Dobrzyń A, Wszoła M. Impact of Porcine Pancreas Decellularization Conditions on the Quality of Obtained dECM. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137005. [PMID: 34209772 PMCID: PMC8267664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited number of organ donors, 3D printing of organs is a promising technique. Tissue engineering is increasingly using xenogeneic material for this purpose. This study was aimed at assessing the safety of decellularized porcine pancreas, together with the analysis of the risk of an undesirable immune response. We tested eight variants of the decellularization process. We determined the following impacts: rinsing agents (PBS/NH3·H2O), temperature conditions (4 °C/24 °C), and the grinding method of native material (ground/cut). To assess the quality of the extracellular matrix after the completed decellularization process, analyses of the following were performed: DNA concentration, fat content, microscopic evaluation, proteolysis, material cytotoxicity, and most importantly, the Triton X-100 content. Our analyses showed that we obtained a product with an extremely low detergent content with negligible residual DNA content. The obtained results confirmed the performed histological and immuno-fluorescence staining. Moreover, the TEM microscopic analysis proved that the correct collagen structure was preserved after the decellularization process. Based on the obtained results, we chose the most favorable variant in terms of quality and biology. The method we chose is an effective and safe method that gives a chance for the development of transplant and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Klak
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.); (A.B.); (G.T.); (A.A.-O.)
- Polbionica Ltd., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Łojszczyk
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.); (A.B.); (G.T.); (A.A.-O.)
| | - Andrzej Berman
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.); (A.B.); (G.T.); (A.A.-O.)
- Polbionica Ltd., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
- Medispace Medical Centre, 01-044 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Tymicki
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.); (A.B.); (G.T.); (A.A.-O.)
| | - Anna Adamiok-Ostrowska
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.); (A.B.); (G.T.); (A.A.-O.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Sierakowski
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Radosław Olkowski
- Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (R.O.); (A.K.)
| | - Andrzej Antoni Szczepankiewicz
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Artur Kamiński
- Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (R.O.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Michał Wszoła
- Foundation of Research and Science Development, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (I.Ł.); (A.B.); (G.T.); (A.A.-O.)
- Polbionica Ltd., 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
- Medispace Medical Centre, 01-044 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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10
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Afanasiev SA, Muslimova EF, Nashchekina YA, Nikonov PO, Rogovskaya YV, Tenchurin TK, Nesterenko EV, Grakova EV, Kopeva KV, Akhmedov SD. Peculiarities of Cell Seeding on Electroformed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Modified with Surface-Active Agents Triton X-100 and Polyvinylpyrrolidone. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 169:600-604. [PMID: 32910398 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We compared the capability of human fibroblasts to populate porous polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds modified during fabrication with surface-active agents Triton Х-100 (type 1 scaffold) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (type 2 scaffold). The mean fiber diameter in both scaffolds was almost the same: 3.90±2.19 and 2.46±2.15 μ, respectively. Type 1 scaffold had higher surface density and hydrophilicity, when type 2 scaffold was 1.6 times thicker. The cells were seeded on the scaffolds by the dynamic seeding technique and then cultured in Petri dishes with nutrient medium in a humid atmosphere. During 3-day culturing, no cell release from the matrix was noted. DAPI staining proved the presence of cells in both scaffolds. However, in type 1 scaffold the cells populated the whole thickness, while in type 2 scaffold, the cells were present only in the superficial layer. These findings suggest that PCL scaffolds modified with Triton Х-100 or polyvinylpyrrolidone are not cytotoxic, but the structure of the scaffold treated with Triton Х-100 is more favorable for population with cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Afanasiev
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - E F Muslimova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yu A Nashchekina
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P O Nikonov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu V Rogovskaya
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - T Kh Tenchurin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Nesterenko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Grakova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - K V Kopeva
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - S D Akhmedov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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11
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Kulinich A, Wang Q, Duan XC, Lyu YM, Zhang XY, Awad FN, Liu L, Voglmeir J. Biochemical characterization of the endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase pool of the human gut symbiont Tyzzerella nexilis. Carbohydr Res 2020; 490:107962. [PMID: 32169671 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.107962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Three large (2084-, 984-, and 2104-amino acids) endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase candidate genes from the commensal human gut bacterium Tyzzerella nexilis were successfully cloned and subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli. Activity tests of the purified proteins revealed that two of the candidate genes (Tn0153 and Tn2105) were able to hydrolyze the disaccharide unit from Galβ1-3GalNAc-α-pNP. The biochemical characterization revealed optimum pH conditions of 4.0 for both enzymes and temperature optima of 50 °C. The addition of 2-mercaptoethanol, Triton X-100 and urea had only minor effects on the activity of the enzymes, and the addition of imidazole and sodium dodecyl sulfate led to a significant reduction of the enzymes' activities. A mutational study identified and confirmed the role of the catalytically significant amino acids. The present study describes the first functional characterization of members of the GH101 family from this human gut symbiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kulinich
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xu-Chu Duan
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yong-Mei Lyu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhang
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Faisal Nureldin Awad
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Li Liu
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Josef Voglmeir
- Glycomics and Glycan Bioengineering Research Center (GGBRC), College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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12
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Xiong W, Yin C, Wang Y, Lin S, Deng Z, Liang R. Characterization of an efficient estrogen-degrading bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SJTH1 in saline-, alkaline-, heavy metal-contained environments or solid soil and identification of four 17β-estradiol-oxidizing dehydrogenases. J Hazard Mater 2020; 385:121616. [PMID: 31780289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The efficient bioremediation of estrogen contamination in complex environments is of great concern. Here the strain Stenotrophomonas maltophilia SJTH1 was found with great and stable estrogen-degradation efficiency even under stress environments. The strain could utilize 17β-estradiol (E2) as a carbon source and degrade 90% of 10 mg/L E2 in a week; estrone (E1) was the first degrading intermediate of E2. Notably, diverse pH conditions (3.0-11.0) and supplements of 4% salinity, 6.25 mg/L of heavy metal (Cd2+ or Cu2+), or 1 CMC of surfactant (Tween 80/ Triton X-100) had little effect on its cell growth and estrogen degradation. The addition of low concentrations of copper and Tween 80 even promoted its E2 degradation. Bioaugmentation of strain SJTH1 into solid clay soil achieved over 80% removal of E2 contamination (10 mg/kg) within two weeks. Further, the whole genome sequence of S. maltophilia SJTH1 was obtained, and a series of potential genes participating in stress-tolerance and estrogen-degradation were predicted. Four dehydrogenases similar to 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs) were found to be induced by E2, and the four heterogenous-expressed enzymes could oxidize E2 into E1 efficiently. This work could promote bioremediation appliance potential with microorganisms and biodegradation mechanism study of estrogens in complex real environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rubing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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13
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Lee RH, Neal MD, Sen Gupta A. Pass interference: Getting in the way of platelets. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1414-1416. [PMID: 31301115 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew D Neal
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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14
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Biuso F, Palladino L, Manenti A, Stanzani V, Lapini G, Gao J, Couzens L, Eichelberger MC, Montomoli E. Use of lentiviral pseudotypes as an alternative to reassortant or Triton X-100-treated wild-type Influenza viruses in the neuraminidase inhibition enzyme-linked lectin assay. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2019; 13:504-516. [PMID: 31411006 PMCID: PMC6692537 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formulation of neuraminidase (NA) within influenza vaccines is gaining importance in light of recent human studies. The enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) is considered a reliable assay to evaluate human anti-NA antibodies. OBJECTIVES To overcome interference by hemagglutinin (HA)-specific antibodies and detect neuraminidase inhibitory (NI) antibodies only, two different sources of antigen have been studied in ELLA: reassortant viruses with a mismatched avian origin-HA or Triton X-100 (Tx)-treated wild-type viruses. Pseudotypes or pseudovirus (PV), characterized by a lentivirus core bearing human influenza NA and avian influenza HA, were investigated as an alternative source of antigen and compared to HA-mismatched and Tx-treated viruses, since represent a safer product to be handled. METHODS Two independent panels of sera were analyzed by ELLA to evaluate the anti-NA response against N1 (A/California/07/2009 (H1N1pdm)) and N2 (A/Hong Kong/4801/2014 (H3N2)). The NA inhibition (NI) antibody titers measured as either the 50% end point or 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) were compared for every source of antigen. RESULTS The ELLA assay performed well with all three sources of antigen. NI titers measured using each antigen type correlated well when reported either as end point titers or as the IC50 . CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that HA-mismatched whole virus, Triton-treated wild-type virus or PV can be used to measure NI antibody titers of human sera, but further comparability/validation assays should be performed to assess statistical differences. The data support the use of PV as an attractive alternative source of antigen and justify further investigation to improve stability of this antigen source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Biuso
- VisMederi s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
- VisMederi Research s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
| | - Laura Palladino
- VisMederi s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
| | - Alessandro Manenti
- VisMederi s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
- VisMederi Research s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
| | | | - Giulia Lapini
- VisMederi s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
| | - Jin Gao
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMDUSA
| | - Laura Couzens
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMDUSA
| | - Maryna C. Eichelberger
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug AdministrationSilver SpringMDUSA
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- VisMederi s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
- VisMederi Research s.r.l., Strada del Petriccio e BelriguardoSienaItaly
- Department of Molecular and Developmental MedicineUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
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15
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Boulton S, Selvaratnam R, Ahmed R, Van K, Cheng X, Melacini G. Mechanisms of Specific versus Nonspecific Interactions of Aggregation-Prone Inhibitors and Attenuators. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5063-5079. [PMID: 31074269 PMCID: PMC7255057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A common source of false positives in drug discovery is ligand self-association into large colloidal assemblies that nonspecifically inhibit target proteins. However, the mechanisms of aggregation-based inhibition (ABI) and ABI-attenuation by additives, such as Triton X-100 (TX) and human serum albumin (HSA), are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the molecular basis of ABI and ABI-attenuation through the lens of NMR and coupled thermodynamic cycles. We unexpectedly discover a new class of aggregating ligands that exhibit negligible interactions with proteins but act as competitive sinks for the free inhibitor, resulting in bell-shaped dose-response curves. TX attenuates ABI by converting inhibitory, protein-binding aggregates into nonbinding coaggregates, whereas HSA minimizes nonspecific ligand interactions by functioning as a reservoir for free inhibitor and preventing self-association. Hence, both TX and HSA are useful tools to minimize false positives arising from nonspecific binding but at the cost of potentially introducing false negatives due to suppression of specific interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Boulton
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Rajeevan Selvaratnam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Health Network, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Rashik Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Katherine Van
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology and Texas Therapeutics Institute, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Giuseppe Melacini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
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16
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Yabe K, Ozaki H, Maruyama T, Hayashi K, Matto Y, Ishizaka M, Makita T, Noma SY, Fujiwara K, Kushiro M. Improvement of the Culture Medium for the Dichlorvos-Ammonia (DV-AM) Method to Selectively Detect Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Soil. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10120519. [PMID: 30563113 PMCID: PMC6316280 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10120519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dichlorvos-ammonia (DV-AM) method is a simple but sensitive visual method for detecting aflatoxigenic fungi. Here we sought to develop a selective medium that is appropriate for the growth of aflatoxigenic fungi among soil mycoflora. We examined the effects of different concentrations of carbon sources (sucrose and glucose) and detergents (deoxycholate (DOC), Triton X-100, and Tween 80) on microorganisms in soils, using agar medium supplemented with chloramphenicol. The results demonstrated that 5–10% sucrose concentrations and 0.1–0.15% DOC concentrations were appropriate for the selective detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil. We also identified the optimal constituents of the medium on which the normal rapid growth of Rhizopus sp. was completely inhibited. By using the new medium along with the DV-AM method, we succeeded in the isolation of aflatoxigenic fungi from non-agricultural fields in Fukui city, Japan. The fungi were identified as Aspergillus nomius based on their calmodulin gene sequences. These results indicate that the new medium will be useful in practice for the detection of aflatoxigenic fungi in soil samples including those from non-agricultural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Yabe
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Haruna Ozaki
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Takuya Maruyama
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Hayashi
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Yuki Matto
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Marika Ishizaka
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Takeru Makita
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Syun-Ya Noma
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Kousuke Fujiwara
- Department of Environmental and Food Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui-shi, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
| | - Masayo Kushiro
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-12 Kannon-dai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
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17
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Vignola M, Werner D, Hammes F, King LC, Davenport RJ. Flow-cytometric quantification of microbial cells on sand from water biofilters. Water Res 2018; 143:66-76. [PMID: 29940363 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid quantification of absolute microbial cell abundances is important for a comprehensive interpretation of microbiome surveys and crucial to support theoretical modelling and the design of engineered systems. In this paper, we propose a protocol specifically optimised for the quantification of microbial abundances in water biofilters using flow cytometry (FCM). We optimised cell detachment from sand biofilter particles for FCM quantification through the evaluation of five chemical dispersants (NaCl, Triton-X100, CaCl2, sodium pyrophosphate (PP), Tween 80 combined with PP), different mechanical pre-treatments (low and high energy sonication and shaking) and two fixation methods (glutaraldehyde and ethanol). The developed protocol was cross-compared using other established and commonly employed methods for biomass quantification in water filter samples (adenosine triphosphate (ATP) quantification, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and volatile solids (VS)). The highest microbial count was obtained by detaching the biofilm from biofilter grains and dispersing clusters into singles cells using Tween 80 and sodium pyrophosphate combined with four steps of high energy sonication (27W, for 80 s each step); glutaraldehyde was shown to be the best fixative solution. The developed protocol was reliable and highly reproducible and produced results that are comparable to data from alternative quantification methods. Indeed, high correlations were found with trends obtained through ATP and qPCR (ρ = 0.98 and ρ = 0.91) measurements. The VS content was confirmed as an inaccurate method to express biomass in sand samples since it correlated poorly with all the other three methods (ρ = 0.005 with FCM, 0.002 with ATP and 0.177 with qPCR). FCM and ATP showed the strongest agreement between absolute counts with a slope of the correlation equal to 0.7, while qPCR seemed to overestimate cell counts by a factor of ten. The rapidity and reproducibility of the method developed make its application ideal for routine quantification of microbial cell abundances on sand from water biofilters and thus useful in revealing the ecological patterns and quantifying the metabolic kinetics involved in such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vignola
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom; Infrastructure and Environment, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, United Kingdom.
| | - David Werner
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Frederik Hammes
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstr. 133, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Lianna C King
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Russell J Davenport
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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18
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Reddy PV, Karegoudar TB, Nayak AS. Enhanced utilization of fluorene by Paenibacillus sp. PRNK-6: Effect of rhamnolipid biosurfactant and synthetic surfactants. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 151:206-211. [PMID: 29407558 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was to study the effect of different non-ionic surfactants (Tween-80, Tween-60, Tween-40, Tween-20, Triton X-100) and a rhamnolipid biosurfactant on the degradation of fluorene by Paenibacillus sp. PRNK-6. An enhancement in the growth, as well as fluorene utilization by this strain were observed in the presence of biosurfactant and non-ionic surfactants except Tween-20 and Triton X-100. Triton X-100 and Tween-20 were toxic to this bacterium. The strain PRNK-6 utilized 75% of fluorene (280mg/L) in 24h in an unamended condition. On the other hand, the complete utilization of higher concentration fluorene (320mg/L) by this strain was noticed when the medium was amended with Tween-80 (1.5% v/v) within 24h of incubation. Whereas, 90.6%, 96.5% and 96.7% of fluorene (280mg/L) was utilized when amended with Tween-60 (3.5% v/v), Tween-40 (3% v/v) and biosurfactant (25mg/L) respectively. Biosurfactant promoted the fluorene degradation potential of PRNK-6 as 96.2% of 320mg/L fluorene was degraded within 24h. Further, the added tween series surfactants and a biosurfactant have increased the cell surface hydrophobicity of the PRNK-6. Thus correlating with the enhanced degradation of the fluorene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja V Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi 585106, Karnataka, India
| | - T B Karegoudar
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi 585106, Karnataka, India
| | - Anand S Nayak
- Department of Biochemistry, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi 585106, Karnataka, India.
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Ueda Y, Torrianni MW, Coppin CM, Iwai S, Sawa Y, Matsuda H. Antigen Clearing from Porcine Heart Valves with Preservation of Structural Integrity. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 29:781-9. [PMID: 16969756 DOI: 10.1177/039139880602900808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioprostheses currently used for replacement of diseased cardiovascular tissue are preserved and partially protected from immune rejection through chemical fixation. However, after implantation, chemically preserved (fixed) material has limited durability and lacks the ability to revitalize through cellular ingrowth and remodeling. As an alternative to fixation, we aimed at thoroughly removing antigens from tissue, leaving an intact scaffold, suitable for integration and revitalization in the host. Extensive washing of porcine heart valves with a mixture of two detergents (SDS and Triton X-100) yielded an intact matrix devoid of cells and depleted of soluble proteins that was minimally immunogenic in rabbits. A detailed characterization of the biomechanics and durability of the tissue is under way. If the lack of immunogenicity is confirmed in primates, our results would suggest that a detergent-washed, unfixed porcine heart valve can be an attractive non-inflammatory scaffold for heart valve regeneration in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ueda
- Medtronic Heart Valve, Santa Ana, California, USA
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20
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Li N, Li Y, Gong D, Xia C, Liu X, Xu Z. Efficient decellularization for bovine pericardium with extracellular matrix preservation and good biocompatibility. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2018; 26:768-776. [PMID: 29340634 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivx416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dejun Gong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Xia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Lab, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Rusanov AL, Nakhod KV, Nakhod VI, Poverennaya EV, Petushkova NA, Luzgina NG. Changes in the Proteome of HaCaT Keratinocytes Induced by Cytotoxic Substance Triton X-100. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:620-622. [PMID: 28952047 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the proteome of keratinocytes of immortalized HaCaT line exposed to cytotoxic substance Triton X-100 in concentrations of 12.5 and 25 μg/ml were studied by liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. The appearance of proteins involved in the regulation of mitosis, RNA stability, and catabolic processes were detected; the number of apoptosis-associated proteins increased, while the number of proteins involved in differentiation and energy metabolism of keratinocytes decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K V Nakhod
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - V I Nakhod
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Poverennaya
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Petushkova
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - N G Luzgina
- V. N. Orekhovich Research Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Soto D, Escobar S, Guzmán F, Cárdenas C, Bernal C, Mesa M. Structure-activity relationships on the study of β-galactosidase folding/unfolding due to interactions with immobilization additives: Triton X-100 and ethanol. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 96:87-92. [PMID: 27965126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Improving the enzyme stability is a challenge for allowing their practical application. The surfactants are stabilizing agents, however, there are still questions about their influence on enzyme properties. The structure-activity/stability relationship for β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans is studied here by Circular Dichroism and activity measurements, as a function of temperature and pH. The tendency of preserving the β-sheet and α-helix structures at temperatures below 65°C and different pH is the result of the balance between the large- and short-range effects, respecting to the active site. This information is fundamental for explaining the structural changes of this enzyme in the presence of Triton X-100 surfactant and ethanol. The enzyme thermal stabilization in the presence of this surfactant responds to the rearrangement of the secondary structure for having optimal activity/stability. The effect of ethanol is more related with changes in the dielectric properties of the aqueous solution than with protein structural transformations. These results contribute to understand the effects of surfactant-enzyme interactions on the enzyme behavior, from the structural point of view and to rationalize the surfactant-based stabilizing strategies for β-galactosidades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana Soto
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sindy Escobar
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fanny Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Síntesis de Péptidos e Inmunología Molecular, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Constanza Cárdenas
- Laboratorio de Síntesis de Péptidos e Inmunología Molecular, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Núcleo de Biotecnología Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos, Universidad de La Serena, Raul Bitran 1305, La Serena, Chile
| | - Monica Mesa
- Grupo Ciencia de los Materiales, Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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Cheema SA, Khan MI, Tang X, Shen C, Farooq M, Chen Y. Surfactant enhanced pyrene degradation in the rhizosphere of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:18129-18136. [PMID: 27259960 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6987-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two non ionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Triton X-100), a biosurfactant (Lecithin), and randomly methylated-β-cyclodextrins (RAMEB) on the remediation of pyrene from soil planted with tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Soils with pyrene concentration of about 243 mg kg(-1) was grown with tall fescue and were individually amended with 0, 200, 600, 1000, and 1500 mg kg(-1) of Tween 80, Triton X-100, biosurfactant, and RAMEB. The results show that all surfactants significantly increased plant biomass compared to unamended soil. Dehydrogenase activity was also stimulated as a result of surfactant addition. Only 3.9 and 3.2 % of pyrene was decreased in the uncovered and covered abiotic sterile control, suggesting that microbial degradation was the main removal mechanism of pyrene from soil. In the planted treatment receiving no surfactant, the remediation of pyrene was 45 % which is significantly higher than that of corresponding unplanted control soil, suggesting that the cultivation of tall fescue alone could enhance the overall remediation of pyrene in soil. All surfactants had significantly higher rates of pyrene remediation compared to the unamended planted soil. Generally, RAMEB displayed the highest remediation rates, i.e., 64.4-79.1 % followed by the Triton X-100, i.e., 60.1-74.8 %. The positive impact of surfactants on pyrene remediation could possibly be because of their capacities to increase its bioavailability in soil. The evidence from this study suggests that the addition of surfactants could enhance phytoremediation of PAHs polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sardar Alam Cheema
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Xianjin Tang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Yingxu Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Yu Z, Zheng H, Zhao X, Li S, Xu J, Song H. High level extracellular production of a recombinant alkaline catalase in E. coli BL21 under ethanol stress and its application in hydrogen peroxide removal after cotton fabrics bleaching. Bioresour Technol 2016; 214:303-310. [PMID: 27151682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of induction parameters, osmolytes and ethanol stress on the productivity of the recombinant alkaline catalase (KatA) in Escherichia coli BL21 (pET26b-KatA) were investigated. The yield of soluble KatA was significantly enhanced by 2% ethanol stress. And a certain amount of Triton X-100 supplementation could markedly improved extracellular ratio of KatA. A total soluble catalase activity of 78,762U/mL with the extracellular ratio of 92.5% was achieved by fed-batch fermentation in a 10L fermentor, which was the highest yield so far. The purified KatA showed high stability at 50°C and pH 6-10. Application of KatA for elimination of H2O2 after cotton fabrics bleaching led to less consumption of water, steam and electric power by 25%, 12% and 16.7% respectively without productivity and quality losing of cotton fabrics. Thus, the recombinant KatA is a promising candidate for industrial production and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiao Yu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Hongchen Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xingya Zhao
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Shufang Li
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Hui Song
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biological Systems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Zambrano F, Aguila L, Arias ME, Sánchez R, Felmer R. Improved preimplantation development of bovine ICSI embryos generated with spermatozoa pretreated with membrane-destabilizing agents lysolecithin and Triton X-100. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1489-1497. [PMID: 27325573 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In cattle, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has a low efficiency. The acrosome content may be responsible for this effect because of the large amount of hydrolytic enzymes that are released within the oocyte. With the aim of removing the acrosome and destabilize the membranes, cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa were treated with lysolecithin (LL) and Triton X-100 (TX) at different concentrations. We evaluated the membrane integrity, the acrosome integrity, DNA integrity, and the variation of phospholipase C zeta. The rates of development (cleavage and blastocysts) were also evaluated along with pronuclear formation and the embryo quality. Spermatozoa incubated with LL and TX (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, and 0.04%) decreased (P < 0.0001) sperm viability in a dose-dependent manner. The acrosome reaction was also increased (P < 0.0001) in all tested concentrations of LL and TX achieving 100% at 0.05% concentration in both treatments. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay reported an increase (P < 0.05) in DNA fragmentation only with the highest concentration of LL (0.06%), whereas all concentrations assessed of TX reported an increased respect to the control. Phospholipase C zeta expression decreased (P < 0.05) in spermatozoa treated with LL and TX at all concentrations tested. A higher cleavage rate was observed in ICSI-TX (66%) and ICSI-LL (65%) groups compared with the untreated control group (51%) and the blastocyst formation rate significantly increased in the ICSI-LL group (29%) compared with the control (21%). No differences were observed in the pronuclear formation and quality of the embryos. In conclusion, the destabilization of the plasma membrane and the release of the acrosomal content with LL and TX before ICSI improve the rate of embryonic development, without affecting the quality of the embryos produced by this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Zambrano
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Luis Aguila
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María E Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Raúl Sánchez
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ricardo Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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26
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Bijlard M, de Jonge JC, Klunder B, Nomden A, Hoekstra D, Baron W. MAL Is a Regulator of the Recruitment of Myelin Protein PLP to Membrane Microdomains. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155317. [PMID: 27171274 PMCID: PMC4865042 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In oligodendrocytes (OLGs), an indirect, transcytotic pathway is mediating transport of de novo synthesized PLP, a major myelin specific protein, from the apical-like plasma membrane to the specialized basolateral-like myelin membrane to prevent its premature compaction. MAL is a well-known regulator of polarized trafficking in epithelial cells, and given its presence in OLGs it was therefore of interest to investigate whether MAL played a similar role in PLP transport in OLGs, taking into account its timely expression in these cells. Our data revealed that premature expression of mCherry-MAL in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells interfered with terminal OLG differentiation, although myelin membrane formation per se was not impaired. In fact, also PLP transport to myelin membranes via the cell body plasma membrane was unaffected. However, the typical shift of PLP from TX-100-insoluble membrane domains to CHAPS-resistant, but TX-100-soluble membrane domains, seen in the absence of MAL expression, is substantially reduced upon expression of the MAL protein. Interestingly, not only in vitro, but also in developing brain a strongly diminished shift from TX-100 resistant to TX-100 soluble domains was observed. Consistently, the MAL-expression mediated annihilation of the typical membrane microdomain shift of PLP is also reflected by a loss of the characteristic surface expression profile of conformation-sensitive anti-PLP antibodies. Hence, these findings suggest that MAL is not involved in vesicular PLP trafficking to either the plasma membrane and/or the myelin membrane as such. Rather, we propose that MAL may regulate PLP’s distribution into distinct membrane microdomains that allow for lateral diffusion of PLP, directly from the plasma membrane to the myelin membrane once the myelin sheath has been assembled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein Bijlard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jenny C. de Jonge
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Klunder
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Nomden
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Hoekstra
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wia Baron
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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27
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Chen Y, Zhang S, Xu X, Yao P, Li T, Wang G, Gong G, Li Y, Deng O. Effects of surfactants on low-molecular-weight organic acids to wash soil zinc. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:4629-4638. [PMID: 26527338 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Soil washing is an effective approach to the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil. In this study, the effects of the surfactants sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, and non-ionic polyacrylamide (NPAM) on oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid used to remove zinc from contaminated soils were investigated. The Zn removal efficiencies of all washing solutions showed a logarithmic increase with acid concentrations from 0.5 to 10.0 g/L, while they decreased as pH increased from 4 to 9. Increasing the reaction time enhanced the effects of surfactants on Zn removal efficiencies by the acids during washing and significantly (P < 0.05) improved the removal under some mixed cases. Oxalic acid suffered antagonistic effects from the three surfactants and seriously damaged soil nutrients during the removal of soil Zn. Notably, the three surfactants caused synergistic effects on tartaric and citric acid during washing, with NPAM leading to an increase in Zn removal by 5.0 g/L citric acid of 10.60 % (P < 0.05) within 2 h. NPAM also alleviated the loss of cation exchange capacity of washed soils and obviously improved soil nitrogen concentrations. Overall, combining citric acid with NPAM offers a promising approach to the removal of zinc from contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxun Xu
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yao
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyin Wang
- College of Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoshu Gong
- College of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Ouping Deng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
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Kang DW, Shin SC, Jang JY, Park HY, Lee JC, Wang SG, Lee BJ. Decellularization of Human Nasal Septal Cartilage for the Novel Filler Material of Vocal Fold Augmentation. J Voice 2016; 31:127.e1-127.e6. [PMID: 26856478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical application of allogenic and/or xenogenic cartilage for vocal fold augmentation requires to remove the antigenic cellular component. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of cartilage decellularization and determine the change in immunogenicity after detergent treatment in human nasal septal cartilage flakes made by the freezing and grinding method. METHODS Human nasal septal cartilages were obtained from surgical cases. The harvested cartilages were treated by the freezing and grinding technique. The obtained cartilage flakes were treated with 1% Triton X-100 or 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for decellularization of the cartilage flakes. Hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E stain), surface electric microscopy, immunohistochemical stain for major histocompatibility complex I and II, and ELISA for DNA contents were performed to assess the effect of cartilage decellularization after detergent treatment. RESULTS A total of 10 nasal septal cartilages were obtained from surgical cases. After detergent treatment, the average size of the cartilage flakes was significantly decreased. With H&E staining, the cell nuclei of decellularized cartilage flakes were not observed. The expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and II antigens was not identified in the decellularized cartilage flakes after treatment with detergent. DNA content was removed almost entirely from the decellularized cartilage flakes. CONCLUSION Treatment with 2% SDS or 1% Triton X-100 for 1 hour appears to be a promising method for decellularization of human nasal septal cartilage for vocal fold augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Woon Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon-Yeob Jang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Choon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Kyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Geun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Flores GAE, Fotidis IA, Karakashev DB, Kjellberg K, Angelidaki I. Effects of Benzalkonium Chloride, Proxel LV, P3 Hypochloran, Triton X-100 and DOWFAX 63N10 on anaerobic digestion processes. Bioresour Technol 2015; 193:393-400. [PMID: 26143575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the individual and synergistic toxicity of the following xenobiotics: Benzalkonium Chloride (BKC), Proxel LV (PRX), P3 Hypochloran (HPC), Triton X-100 (TRX), and DOWFAX 63N10 (DWF), on anaerobic digestion (AD) process, was assessed. The experiments were performed in batch and continuous (up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket, UASB) reactors with biochemical-industrial wastewater, as substrate. In batch experiments, half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for the tested xenobiotics were found to be 13.1, 1003, 311.5 and 24.3 mg L(-1) for BKC, PRX, DWF and TRX, respectively while HPC did not affect the AD process. Furthermore, the xenobiotics mixture tested did not present any synergistic inhibitory effect on the AD process. In continuous experiments, BKC and xenobiotics' mixture induced even stronger (more than 85%) of inhibition, expressed as IC50, compared to the levels observed from the batch reactors. Oppositely, TRX showed no inhibition in continuous mode, while inhibition was detected at batch mode.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis A Fotidis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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30
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Chou ML, Burnouf T, Chang SP, Hung TC, Lin CC, Richardson CD, Lin LT. TnBP⁄Triton X-45 treatment of plasma for transfusion efficiently inactivates hepatitis C virus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117800. [PMID: 25658612 PMCID: PMC4320006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk of transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by clinical plasma remains high in countries with a high prevalence of hepatitis C, justifying the implementation of viral inactivation treatments. In this study, we assessed the extent of inactivation of HCV during minipool solvent/detergent (SD; 1% TnBP / 1% Triton X-45) treatment of human plasma. Luciferase-tagged infectious cell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc) particles were used to spike human plasma prior to treatment by SD at 31 ± 0.5°C for 30 min. Samples were taken before and after SD treatment and filtered on a Sep-Pak Plus C18 cartridge to remove the SD agents. Risk of cytotoxicity was assessed by XTT cell viability assay. Viral infectivity was analyzed based on the luciferase signals, 50% tissue culture infectious dose viral titer, and immunofluorescence staining for HCV NS5A protein. Total protein, cholesterol, and triglyceride contents were determined before and after SD treatment and C18 cartridge filtration. Binding analysis, using patient-derived HCV clinical isolates, was also examined to validate the efficacy of the inactivation by SD. SD treatment effectively inactivated HCVcc within 30 min, as demonstrated by the baseline level of reporter signals, total loss of viral infectivity, and absence of viral protein NS5A. SD specifically targeted HCV particles to render them inactive, with essentially no effect on plasma protein content and hemostatic function. More importantly, the efficacy of the SD inactivation method was confirmed against various genotypes of patient-derived HCV clinical isolates and against HCVcc infection of primary human hepatocytes. Therefore, treatment by 1% TnBP / 1% Triton X-45 at 31°C is highly efficient to inactivate HCV in plasma for transfusion, showing its capacity to enhance the safety of therapeutic plasma products. We propose that the methodology used here to study HCV infectivity can be valuable in the validation of viral inactivation and removal processes of human plasma-derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Pang Chang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chun Hung
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Christopher D. Richardson
- Department of Pediatrics and Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Izaak Walton Killam Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Liao C, Liang X, Lu G, Thai T, Xu W, Dang Z. Effect of surfactant amendment to PAHs-contaminated soil for phytoremediation by maize (Zea mays L.). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 112:1-6. [PMID: 25463846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the uptake of organic pollutants by plants is an important part of the assessment of risks from crops grown on contaminated soils. This study was an investigation of the effects of surfactants added to PAHs-contaminated soil on the uptake and accumulation of PAHs in maize tissues during phytoremediation. The accumulation of phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR) by maize plant was not influenced significantly by the surfactant amendment to the soil. The distribution of PHE and PYR in maize tissues was not positively correlated with the corresponding lipid contents. Remarkably, the concentrations of PHE (20.9 ng g(-1)) and PYR (0.9 ng g(-1)) in maize grain were similar to or even much lower than those in some foods. Moreover, surfactants could enhance the removal of pollutants from contaminated soil during phytoremediation, which might be due to surfactant desorption ability and microbial activity in soil. The study suggests that use of maize plant with surfactant is an alternative technology for remediation of PAHs-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Liao
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xujun Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Truonggiang Thai
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wending Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; The State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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Pu L, Wu J, Meng M, Ni H, Ye F, Li Y, JIang L. [Comparison of aortic extracellular matrix scaffold by different protocols for decellularization]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2014; 28:1413-1421. [PMID: 25639061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prepare the aortic extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold by using different methods to decellularize porcine ascending aorta and to comprehensively compare the efficiency of decellularization and the damage of ECM, evaluation of biomechanical property and biocompatibility. METHODS Thirty specimens of fresh porcine ascending aorta were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=5). The porcine ascending aorta was decellularized by 5 different protocols in groups A-E: 0.1% trypsin/0.02% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)/PBS was used in group A, 1%Triton X-100/0.02% EDTA/ distilled water in group B, 1% sodium deoxycholic acid/distilled water in group C, 0.5% sodium deoxycholic acid/0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate/distilled water in group D, and 1% deoxycholic acid/distilled water in group E; and the porcine ascending aorta was not decellularized as control in group F. The ascending aorta scaffolds were investigated by gross examination, HE staining, DNA quantitative analysis, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the efficiency of decellularization, microstructure of the ECM, the damage of collagen type I and elastin, the structure of intimal surface, and biomechanical property. The 90 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=15). Each scaffold was implanted in the abdominal muscles of rats respectively to evaluate the immunogenicity and biocompatibility. RESULTS HE staining and quantitative analysis of DNA showed that the cells were completely removed only in groups A and D. The expression of collagen type I in group A was significantly lower than that in the other 5 groups (P < 0.05), and serious damage of the basement membrane and decreased beomechanical property were observed. The maximum stress and tensile strength in group A was significantly lower than those in the other groups (P < 0.05), and elongation at break was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The destruction of collagen type I was significant (P < 0.05) in group D, but the basement membrane was integrity, the biomechanical properties were close to the natural blood vessels (group F) (P > 0.05). Implantation results showed that the scaffold of group D had superior immunogenicity and histocompatibility to the scaffold of the other groups. The inflammatory reaction was gentle and the number of the inflammatory cell infiltration was lower in group D than in other groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION It is concludes that 0.5% sodium deoxycholic acid/0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate/distilled water is more suitable for the decellularization of porcine aorta, by which the acquired ECM scaffold has the potential for constructing tissue engineered vessel.
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Sano O, Ito S, Kato R, Shimizu Y, Kobayashi A, Kimura Y, Kioka N, Hanada K, Ueda K, Matsuo M. ABCA1, ABCG1, and ABCG4 are distributed to distinct membrane meso-domains and disturb detergent-resistant domains on the plasma membrane. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109886. [PMID: 25302608 PMCID: PMC4193829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ABCG1, and ABCG4 are lipid transporters that mediate the efflux of cholesterol from cells. To analyze the characteristics of these lipid transporters, we examined and compared their distributions and lipid efflux activity on the plasma membrane. The efflux of cholesterol mediated by ABCA1 and ABCG1, but not ABCG4, was affected by a reduction of cellular sphingomyelin levels. Detergent solubility and gradient density ultracentrifugation assays indicated that ABCA1, ABCG1, and ABCG4 were distributed to domains that were solubilized by Triton X-100 and Brij 96, resistant to Triton X-100 and Brij 96, and solubilized by Triton X-100 but resistant to Brij 96, respectively. Furthermore, ABCG1, but not ABCG4, was colocalized with flotillin-1 on the plasma membrane. The amounts of cholesterol extracted by methyl-β-cyclodextrin were increased by ABCA1, ABCG1, or ABCG4, suggesting that cholesterol in non-raft domains was increased. Furthermore, ABCG1 and ABCG4 disturbed the localization of caveolin-1 to the detergent-resistant domains and the binding of cholera toxin subunit B to the plasma membrane. These results suggest that ABCA1, ABCG1, and ABCG4 are localized to distinct membrane meso-domains and disturb the meso-domain structures by reorganizing lipids on the plasma membrane; collectively, these observations may explain the different substrate profiles and lipid efflux roles of these transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Sano
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shiho Ito
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reiko Kato
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimizu
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aya Kobayashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Kimura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kioka
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hanada
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michinori Matsuo
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Octeau JC, Schrader JM, Masuho I, Sharma M, Aiudi C, Chen CK, Kovoor A, Celver J. G protein beta 5 is targeted to D2-dopamine receptor-containing biochemical compartments and blocks dopamine-dependent receptor internalization. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105791. [PMID: 25162404 PMCID: PMC4146516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
G beta 5 (Gbeta5, Gβ5) is a unique G protein β subunit that is thought to be expressed as an obligate heterodimer with R7 regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins instead of with G gamma (Gγ) subunits. We found that D2-dopamine receptor (D2R) coexpression enhances the expression of Gβ5, but not that of the G beta 1 (Gβ1) subunit, in HEK293 cells, and that the enhancement of expression occurs through a stabilization of Gβ5 protein. We had previously demonstrated that the vast majority of D2R either expressed endogenously in the brain or exogenously in cell lines segregates into detergent-resistant biochemical fractions. We report that when expressed alone in HEK293 cells, Gβ5 is highly soluble, but is retargeted to the detergent-resistant fraction after D2R coexpression. Furthermore, an in-cell biotin transfer proximity assay indicated that D2R and Gβ5 segregating into the detergent-resistant fraction specifically interacted in intact living cell membranes. Dopamine-induced D2R internalization was blocked by coexpression of Gβ5, but not Gβ1. However, the same Gβ5 coexpression levels had no effect on agonist-induced internalization of the mu opioid receptor (MOR), cell surface D2R levels, dopamine-mediated recruitment of β-arrestin to D2R, the amplitude of D2R-G protein coupling, or the deactivation kinetics of D2R-activated G protein signals. The latter data suggest that the interactions between D2R and Gβ5 are not mediated by endogenously expressed R7 RGS proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Christopher Octeau
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Schrader
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Ikuo Masuho
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, United States of America
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Christopher Aiudi
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Ching-Kang Chen
- Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Abraham Kovoor
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AK); (JC)
| | - Jeremy Celver
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AK); (JC)
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Liu Q, Zhang C, Liu L. [Experimental study on removal melanin granules from acellular dermal matrix of giant nevus]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2014; 30:122-125. [PMID: 24941764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the possibility of removal melanin granules from autogenic acellular dermal matrix of giant nevus tissue by H2O2 bleaching technique. METHODS A total of 32 skin specimens (0.5 cm x 0.5 cm) from giant nevus tissue and 1 piece (0.5 cm x 0.5 cm) of normal skin were obtained from the surgical removal. One giant nevus tissue was chosen as control. The others and the normal skin tissue were treated with solution of 0.25% Dispase II for digestion for 24 hours under normal temperature to remove epidermis. Then each piece was immerged into solution of 0.5% Triton X-100 for digestion for 48 hours in normal temperature. One giant nevus tissue and the normal skin tissue were chosen as control. The others were immerged into solution of different concentrations of H2O2, treated under different temperature and lasting for different period. Lastly, all specimens were treated with HE staining, immunohistochemical staining, light microscopy and so on. RESULTS After giant nevus tissues were treated with solution of 0.25% Dispase II and immerged into solution of 0.5% Triton X-100 in normal temperature, nevus cells and all other cellular components of pigmented nevus tissues can be effectively removed, there were the cavities left by removal of cells without any residual cell debris, but still remaining part of pigment. Then each specimen were immerged into solution of different concentrations of H2O2, under different temperature and lasting for different period which can remove residual melanin granules. In solution of 3% H2O2 for 36 h under 37 degrees C, can remove all the melanin particles, the content of collagen type I in the obtained specimen was not changed. Collagen fibers were uniform in thickness, regular in arrangement with no obvious degeneration. CONCLUSIONS With solution of 0.25% Dispase II and solution of 0.5% Triton X-100 in normal temperature, all cells in nevus tissue can be removed effectively. Further treatment with 3% H2O2 at 37 degrees C for 36 h can remove all the melanin particles, while collagen type I has no obvious change. The preparation of acellular dermal matrix of the giant nevus may possibly be applied as autologous tissue implant to repair tissue defects.
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Steevensz A, Madur S, Feng W, Taylor KE, Bewtra JK, Biswas N. Crude soybean hull peroxidase treatment of phenol in synthetic and real wastewater: enzyme economy enhanced by Triton X-100. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 55:65-71. [PMID: 24411447 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Soybean peroxidase (SBP)-catalyzed removal of phenol from wastewater has been demonstrated as a feasible wastewater treatment strategy and a non-ionic surfactant, Triton X-100, has the potential for increasing the enzyme economy of the process. Systematic studies on the enzyme-surfactant system have been lacking as well as demonstration of its applicability to industrial wastewater. This paper addresses those two gaps, the latter based on real wastewater from alkyd resin manufacture. The minimum effective Triton X-100 concentrations for crude SBP-catalyzed phenol conversion (≥95%) over 1-10 mM showed a linear trend. To illustrate translation of such lab results to real-world samples, this data were used to optimize crude SBP needed for phenol conversion over that concentration range. Triton X-100 increases enzyme economy by 10- to 13-fold. This treatment protocol was directly applied to tote-scale (700-1000 L) treatment of alkyd resin wastewater, with phenol ranging from 7 to 28 mM and total organic carbon content of >40 g/L, using a crude SBP extract derived from dry soybean hulls by simple aqueous elution. This extract can be used to remove phenol from a complex industrial wastewater and the process is markedly more efficient in the presence of Triton X-100. The water is thus rendered amenable to conventional biological treatment whilst the hulls could still be used in feed, thus adding further value to the crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Steevensz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | - Sneha Madur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | - Keith E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | - Jatinder K Bewtra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
| | - Nihar Biswas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON, Canada N9B 3P4.
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Wang Y, Zhang B, Lu L, Huang Y, Xu G. Enhanced production of pigments by addition of surfactants in submerged fermentation of Monascus purpureus H1102. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:3339-3344. [PMID: 23595359 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The production of pigments by Monascus spp. has attracted increasing attention. Modification of the cell membrane structure by addition of surfactants has proved to be effective for the secretion of intracellular metabolites. Hence in this study the effects and underlying mechanism of surfactants on the production of pigments in submerged fermentation of Monascus purpureus H1102 were systematically investigated. RESULTS Various surfactants exerted significant but different impacts on the biomass and production of pigments. The maximum production of pigment (304.3 U mL(-1) ) and highest extracellular/intracellular pigment ratio (1.46) were achieved when 15 g L(-1) Triton X-100 was added at 24 h of fermentation, corresponding to significant increases of 88.4 and 240% respectively compared with the control. Meanwhile, the concentration of citrinin (0.94 mg L(-1) ) was 20.6% lower than that of the control. A further study on the fatty acid composition of M. purpureus H1102 showed that the unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio and the index of unsaturated fatty acid increased significantly with the addition of Triton X-100. CONCLUSION The addition of surfactant Triton X-100 could greatly enhance the production of pigment. It was suggested that Triton X-100 facilitated the secretion of intracellular pigment and therefore enhanced pigment production accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Agostini F, Dotti CG, Pérez-Cañamás A, Ledesma MD, Benetti F, Legname G. Prion protein accumulation in lipid rafts of mouse aging brain. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74244. [PMID: 24040215 PMCID: PMC3769255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular form of the prion protein (PrPC) is a normal constituent of neuronal cell membranes. The protein misfolding causes rare neurodegenerative disorders known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases. These maladies can be sporadic, genetic or infectious. Sporadic prion diseases are the most common form mainly affecting aging people. In this work, we investigate the biochemical environment in which sporadic prion diseases may develop, focusing our attention on the cell membrane of neurons in the aging brain. It is well established that with aging the ratio between the most abundant lipid components of rafts undergoes a major change: while cholesterol decreases, sphingomyelin content rises. Our results indicate that the aging process modifies the compartmentalization of PrPC. In old mice, this change favors PrPC accumulation in detergent-resistant membranes, particularly in hippocampi. To confirm the relationship between lipid content changes and PrPC translocation into detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), we looked at PrPC compartmentalization in hippocampi from acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) knockout (KO) mice and synaptosomes enriched in sphingomyelin. In the presence of high sphingomyelin content, we observed a significant increase of PrPC in DRMS. This process is not due to higher levels of total protein and it could, in turn, favor the onset of sporadic prion diseases during aging as it increases the PrP intermolecular contacts into lipid rafts. We observed that lowering sphingomyelin in scrapie-infected cells by using fumonisin B1 led to a 50% decrease in protease-resistant PrP formation. This may suggest an involvement of PrP lipid environment in prion formation and consequently it may play a role in the onset or development of sporadic forms of prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Agostini
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
- Department of Human Genetics, K.U., Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlos G. Dotti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Genetics, VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, K.U., Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Human Genetics, K.U., Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Federico Benetti
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
- Italian Institute of Technology, Trieste, Italy
- ELETTRA Laboratory, Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Ku KM, Choi JH, Kushad MM, Jeffery EH, Juvik JA. Pre-harvest methyl jasmonate treatment enhances cauliflower chemoprotective attributes without a loss in postharvest quality. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2013; 68:113-7. [PMID: 23640295 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-013-0356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment can significantly increase glucosinolate (GS) concentrations in Brassica vegetables and potentially enhance anticancer bioactivity. Although MeJA treatment may promote ethylene biosynthesis, which can be detrimental to postharvest quality, there are no previous reports of its effect on cauliflower postharvest quality. To address this, cauliflower curds in field plots were sprayed with either 0.1 % Triton X-100 (control) or 500 μM MeJA solutions four days prior to harvest, then stored at 4 °C. Tissue subsamples were collected after 0, 10, 20, and 30 days of postharvest storage and assayed for visual color change, ethylene production, GS concentrations, and extract quinone reductase inductive activity. MeJA treatment increased curd GS concentrations of glucoraphanin, glucobrassicin, and neoglucobrassicin by 1.5, 2.4, and 4.6-fold over controls, respectively. MeJA treated cauliflower showed significantly higher quinone reductase activity, a biomarker for anticancer bioactivity, without reducing visual color and postharvest quality for 10 days at 4 °C storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Mo Ku
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Kirikovich SS, Levites EV. [Effect of Triton X-100 on genetic segregation and associated monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous traits in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.)]. Genetika 2013; 49:602-608. [PMID: 24159801 DOI: 10.7868/s001667581305007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Triton X-100 (TX-100) on the ratio of phenotypic classes and the expression of morphological traits in the progeny of sugar beet hybrids (N12 and N2) was investigated. It was shown that the TX-100 exposition on the unopened flower buds of sugar beets has different effects on hybrid progenies. In agamospermic progeny of hybrid plant No 12km-4, a significant decrease in the heteroallelic (heterozygous) phenotypic classes of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1) fraction was determined in the nonagamospermic progeny of hybrid plant No 2km-2 appearance of sugar beet seedlings with one cotyledon leaf was detected. The obtained results indicate the high efficiency of the epimutagenic effect of TX-100 on the early stages of plant ontogenesis.
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Xu H, Su W, Cai M, Jiang J, Zeng X, Wang H. The asymmetrical structure of Golgi apparatus membranes revealed by in situ atomic force microscope. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61596. [PMID: 23613878 PMCID: PMC3628984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus has attracted intense attentions due to its fascinating morphology and vital role as the pivot of cellular secretory pathway since its discovery. However, its complex structure at the molecular level remains elusive due to limited approaches. In this study, the structure of Golgi apparatus, including the Golgi stack, cisternal structure, relevant tubules and vesicles, were directly visualized by high-resolution atomic force microscope. We imaged both sides of Golgi apparatus membranes and revealed that the outer leaflet of Golgi membranes is relatively smooth while the inner membrane leaflet is rough and covered by dense proteins. With the treatment of methyl-β-cyclodextrin and Triton X-100, we confirmed the existence of lipid rafts in Golgi apparatus membrane, which are mostly in the size of 20 nm -200 nm and appear irregular in shape. Our results may be of significance to reveal the structure-function relationship of the Golgi complex and pave the way for visualizing the endomembrane system in mammalian cells at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
- National engineering laboratory for AIDS vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Junguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (HW); (XZ)
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (HW); (XZ)
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Pęziak D, Piotrowska A, Marecik R, Lisiecki P, Woźniak M, Szulc A, Ławniczak Ł, Chrzanowski Ł. Bioavailability of hydrocarbons to bacterial consortia during Triton X-100 mediated biodegradation in aqueous media. Acta Biochim Pol 2013; 60:789-793. [PMID: 24432333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of Triton X-100 on the biodegradation efficiency of hexadecane and phenanthrene carried out by two bacterial consortia. It was established that the tested consortia were not able to directly uptake compounds closed in micelles. It was observed that in micellar systems the nonionic synthetic surfactant was preferentially degraded (the degradation efficiency of Triton X-100 after 21 days was 70% of the initial concentration - 500 mg/l), followed by a lesser decomposition of hydrocarbon released from the micelles (30% for hexadecane and 20% for phenanthrene). However, when hydrocarbons were used as the sole carbon source, 70% of hexadecane and 30% of phenanthrene were degraded. The degradation of the surfactant did not contribute to notable shifts in bacterial community dynamics, as determined by Real-Time PCR. The obtained results suggest that if surfactant-supplementation is to be used as an integral part of a bioremediation process, then possible bioavailability decrease due to entrapment of the contaminant into surfactant micelles should also be taken into consideration, as this phenomenon may have a negative impact on the biodegradation efficiency. Surfactant-induced mobilization of otherwise recalcitrant hydrocarbons may contribute to the spreading of contaminants in the environment and prevent their biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Pęziak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Roman Marecik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Lisiecki
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Szulc
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Ławniczak
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Chrzanowski
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
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Zhang Z, Meng Q, Qiao J, Yang L, Cai X, Wang G, Chen C, Zhang L. RsbV of Listeria monocytogenes contributes to regulation of environmental stress and virulence. Arch Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23192174 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-012-0855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
SigmaB factor is an important regulatory factor for stress response in Gram-positive bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes), Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. However, the activity of SigmaB factor is regulated by RsbV factor. Currently, the functional studies of RsbV factor are mostly focused on non-pathogenic B. subtilis, but the roles of RsbV factor in pathogenic L. monocytogenes during the regulation of environmental stress and virulence are still unclear. In the study, a ∆RsbV mutant of L. monocytogenes was constructed to explore the regulatory role of RsbV in environmental stress and virulence. The environmental stress experiments indicated that the growth and survival capability of ∆RsbV mutant obviously decreased in stress of low temperature, osmotic pressure, alcohol and acid, compared with EGD strain. The macrophage infection experiment indicated that ∆RsbV mutant had weaker survival capability than EGD strain, and the expression of PrfA, actA, PlcA and LLO was down-regulated in infected cells. Animal inoculation experiments indicated that RsbV deletion significantly reduced the pathogenicity of L. monocytogenes. Our data demonstrate that, in addition to regulating tolerance under environmental stress conditions, RsbV also contributes to regulation of L. monocytogenes virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaichao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
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Stahlhut M, Bertelsen M, Hoyer-Hansen M, Svendsen N, Eriksson AH, Lord JM, Scheel-Toellner D, Young SP, Zibert JR. Ingenol mebutate: induced cell death patterns in normal and cancer epithelial cells. J Drugs Dermatol 2012; 11:1181-1192. [PMID: 23134983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the proposed necrotic mechanism of ingenol mebutate, a natural compound with anti-cancer properties in human keratinocytes, the human squamous cell carcinoma cell line HSC-5, and HeLa cervix carcinoma cells. Topical application of a clinical dose of ingenol mebutate 0.05% (1.15 mM) gel to human reconstituted full-thickness skin equivalents strongly reduced epidermal, but not dermal viability. Ingenol mebutate showed cytotoxic potency between 200-300 M on normal and cancer cells. When keratinocytes were induced to differentiate, they became significantly less sensitive to ingenol mebutate and half-maximal induction of cell death required more than 300 M ingenol mebutate. Cytotoxic concentrations of ingenol mebutate caused rupture of the mitochondrial network within minutes paralleled by cytosolic calcium release in all cells. Subsequently, plasma membrane integrity was lost as seen by propidium uptake into the cells. This was in sharp contrast to lysis of cells with low concentrations of the detergent Triton X-100 that permeabilized the plasma membrane within minutes without affecting organelle morphology. Buffering of intracellular calcium and inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore reduced the cytotoxic effect of ingenol mebutate in cancer cells, but not in normal keratinocytes. However, these inhibitors could not prevent cell death subsequent to prolonged incubation. Our findings reveal that ingenol mebutate does not mediate cytotoxicity by a simple lytic, necrotic mechanism, but activates distinct processes involving multiple cell organelles in a cell-type and differentiation-dependent manner. These data improve our understanding of ingenol mebutate-target cell interactions and offer new insights relevant to the removal of aberrant cells in human skin.
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Svistounov D, Warren A, McNerney GP, Owen DM, Zencak D, Zykova SN, Crane H, Huser T, Quinn RJ, Smedsrød B, Le Couteur DG, Cogger VC. The Relationship between fenestrations, sieve plates and rafts in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46134. [PMID: 23029409 PMCID: PMC3454341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fenestrations are transcellular pores in endothelial cells that facilitate transfer of substrates between blood and the extravascular compartment. In order to understand the regulation and formation of fenestrations, the relationship between membrane rafts and fenestrations was investigated in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells where fenestrations are grouped into sieve plates. Three dimensional structured illumination microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, internal reflectance fluorescence microscopy and two-photon fluorescence microscopy were used to study liver sinusoidal endothelial cells isolated from mice. There was an inverse distribution between sieve plates and membrane rafts visualized by structured illumination microscopy and the fluorescent raft stain, Bodipy FL C5 ganglioside GM1. 7-ketocholesterol and/or cytochalasin D increased both fenestrations and lipid-disordered membrane, while Triton X-100 decreased both fenestrations and lipid-disordered membrane. The effects of cytochalasin D on fenestrations were abrogated by co-administration of Triton X-100, suggesting that actin disruption increases fenestrations by its effects on membrane rafts. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) depleted lipid-ordered membrane and increased fenestrations. The results are consistent with a sieve-raft interaction, where fenestrations form in non-raft lipid-disordered regions of endothelial cells once the membrane-stabilizing effects of actin cytoskeleton and membrane rafts are diminished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Svistounov
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and ANZAC Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alessandra Warren
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and ANZAC Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gregory P. McNerney
- NSF Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Dylan M. Owen
- Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dusan Zencak
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Svetlana N. Zykova
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and ANZAC Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Harry Crane
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and ANZAC Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas Huser
- NSF Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | | | - Bård Smedsrød
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway
| | - David G. Le Couteur
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and ANZAC Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Victoria C. Cogger
- Centre for Education and Research on Ageing and ANZAC Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney and Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Decellularized tissues are expected to have major cellular immunogenic components removed and in the meantime maintain similar mechanical strength and extracellular matrix (ECM) structure. However, the decellularization processes likely cause alterations of the ECM structure and thus influence the mechanical properties. In the present study, the effects of different decellularization protocols on the (passive) mechanical properties of the resulted porcine aortic ECM were evaluated. METHODS Decellularization methods using anionic detergent (sodium dodecyl sulfate), enzymatic detergent (Trypsin), and non-ionic detergent [tert-octylphenylpolyoxyethylen (Triton X-100)] were adopted to obtain decellularized porcine aortic ECM. Histologic studies and scanning electron microscopy were performed to confirm the removal of cells and to examine the structure of ECM. Biaxial tensile testing was used to characterize both the elastic and viscoelastic mechanical behaviors of decellularized ECM. RESULTS All three decellularization protocols remove the cells effectively. The major ECM structure is preserved under sodium dodecyle sulfate (SDS) and Triton X-100 treatments. However, the structure of Trypsin treated ECM is severely disrupted. SDS and Triton X-100 decellularized ECM exhibits similar elastic properties as intact aorta tissues. Decellularized ECM shows less stress relaxation than intact aorta due to the removal of cells. Creep behavior is negligible for both decellularized ECM and intact aortas. CONCLUSION SDS and Triton X-100 decellularized ECM tissue appeared to maintain the critical mechanical and structural properties and might work as a potential material for further vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University 110 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Yanhang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University 110 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University 110 Cummington Street, Boston, MA 02215
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Eddy MT, Ong TC, Clark L, Teijido O, van der Wel PCA, Garces R, Wagner G, Rostovtseva TK, Griffin RG. Lipid dynamics and protein-lipid interactions in 2D crystals formed with the β-barrel integral membrane protein VDAC1. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:6375-87. [PMID: 22435461 PMCID: PMC3333839 DOI: 10.1021/ja300347v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We employ a combination of (13)C/(15)N magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR and (2)H NMR to study the structural and functional consequences of different membrane environments on VDAC1 and, conversely, the effect of VDAC1 on the structure of the lipid bilayer. MAS spectra reveal a well-structured VDAC1 in 2D crystals of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and diphytanoylphosphatidylcholine (DPhPC), and their temperature dependence suggests that the VDAC structure does not change conformation above and below the lipid phase transition temperature. The same data show that the N-terminus remains structured at both low and high temperatures. Importantly, functional studies based on electrophysiological measurements on these same samples show fully functional channels, even without the presence of Triton X-100 that has been found necessary for in vitro-refolded channels. (2)H solid-state NMR and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the dynamics and phase behavior of the lipids within the VDAC1 2D crystals. (2)H NMR spectra indicate that the presence of protein in DMPC results in a broad lipid phase transition that is shifted from 19 to ~27 °C and show the existence of different lipid populations, consistent with the presence of both annular and bulk lipids in the functionally and structurally homogeneous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Eddy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ta-Chung Ong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lindsay Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Oscar Teijido
- Program in Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Patrick C. A. van der Wel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Garces
- Department of Biological and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Gerhard Wagner
- Department of Biological and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Tatiana K. Rostovtseva
- Program in Physical Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert G. Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The great interest in cell-free mRNA, microRNA (miRNA) as molecular biomarkers for clinical applications, and as 'signaling' molecules for intercellular communication highlights the need to reveal their physical nature. Here this issue was explored in human cell-free seminal mRNA (cfs-mRNA) and miRNA (cfs-miRNA). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Selected male reproductive organ-specific mRNAs, miRNAs, and piRNAs were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR in all experiments. While the stability of cfs-miRNA assessed by time-course analysis (up to 24 h at room temperature) was similar with cfs-mRNA, the reductive changes between cfs-miRNA and cfs-mRNA after filtration and Triton X-100 treatment on seminal plasma were very different, implying their different physical nature. Seminal microvesicles (SMVs) were then recovered and proportions of cfs-mRNA and cfs-miRNA within SMVs were quantified. The amounts of SMVs- sequestered cfs-mRNAs almost were the same as total cfs-mRNA, and were highly variable depending on the different sizes of SMVs. But most of cfs-miRNA was independent of SMVs and existed in the supernatant. The possible form of cfs-miRNA in the supernatant was further explored by filtration and protease K digestion. It passed through the 0.10-µm pore, but was degraded dramatically after intense protease K digestion. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The predominant cfs-mRNA is contained in SMVs, while most cfs-miRNA is bound with protein complexes. Our data explained the stability of extracellular RNAs in human semen, and shed light on their origins and potential functions in male reproduction, and strategy of developing them as biomarkers of male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Li
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyun Huang
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Family Planning Department, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, the Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Cuicui Guo
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huangtao Guan
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengliang Xiong
- Family Planning Research Institute/Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail:
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Cafiso V, Bertuccio T, Spina D, Purrello S, Campanile F, Di Pietro C, Purrello M, Stefani S. Modulating activity of vancomycin and daptomycin on the expression of autolysis cell-wall turnover and membrane charge genes in hVISA and VISA strains. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29573. [PMID: 22253738 PMCID: PMC3253798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycopeptides are still the gold standard to treat MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infections, but their widespread use has led to vancomycin-reduced susceptibility [heterogeneous Vancomycin-Intermediate-Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and Vancomycin-Intermediate-Staphylococcus aureus (VISA)], in which different genetic loci (regulatory, autolytic, cell-wall turnover and cell-envelope positive charge genes) are involved. In addition, reduced susceptibility to vancomycin can influence the development of resistance to daptomycin. Although the phenotypic and molecular changes of hVISA/VISA have been the focus of different papers, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these different phenotypes and for the vancomycin and daptomycin cross-resistance are not clearly understood. The aim of our study was to investigate, by real time RT-PCR, the relative quantitative expression of genes involved in autolysis (atl-lytM), cell-wall turnover (sceD), membrane charges (mprF-dltA) and regulatory mechanisms (agr-locus-graRS-walKR), in hVISA and VISA cultured with or without vancomycin and daptomycin, in order to better understand the molecular basis of vancomycin-reduced susceptibility and the modulating activity of vancomycin and daptomycin on the expression of genes implicated in their reduced susceptibility mechanisms. Our results show that hVISA and VISA present common features that distinguish them from Vancomycin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA), responsible for the intermediate glycopeptide resistance i.e. an increased cell-wall turnover, an increased positive cell-wall charge responsible for a repulsion mechanism towards vancomycin and daptomycin, and reduced agr-functionality. Indeed, VISA emerges from hVISA when VISA acquires a reduced autolysis caused by a down-regulation of autolysin genes, atl/lytM, and a reduction of the net negative cell-envelope charge via dltA over-expression. Vancomycin and daptomycin, acting in a similar manner in hVISA and VISA, can influence their cross-resistance mechanisms promoting VISA behavior in hVISA and enhancing the cell-wall pathways responsible for the intermediate vancomycin resistance in VISA. Daptomycin can also induce a charge repulsion mechanism both in hVISA and VISA increasing the activity of the mprF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Cafiso
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Taschia Bertuccio
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Spina
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Purrello
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Floriana Campanile
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Unit of Genome and Molecular Complex Systems BioMedicine G Sichel, Department Gian Filippo Ingrassia, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Unit of Genome and Molecular Complex Systems BioMedicine G Sichel, Department Gian Filippo Ingrassia, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefani
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Bio-Medical Sciences University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Memarian R, Ramamurthy AS. Effects of surfactants on rhizodegradation of oil in a contaminated soil. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2012; 47:1486-1490. [PMID: 22571537 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2012.673311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nonionic surfactants on degradation of engine oil in metal contaminated soil using Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) were investigated. Triton X-100 and Tween 80 were individually applied to test pots in which the soil had been earlier spiked with 500 mg kg(-1) of used engine oil, 500 mg kg(-1) of PbCl(2) and 50 mg kg(-1) of CdCl(2). For he application of Tween 80 to the soil, the fractions of rhizodegraded oil and the fractions of removed metals from the soil were well correlated. On the other hand, such a correlation did not exist between the fractions of rhizodegraded oil and the fractions of removed metals for the application of Triton X-100 to the soil. It was observed that Triton X-100 caused a significant decrease in basal soil respiration (BSR) which can be attributed to a reduction in microbial activity. This, in turn, resulted in a reduction of the rhizodegraded oil fraction. Tween 80 proved to be effective in the rhizodegradation of oil under aerobic conditions. Further, this surfactant seems to have the positive effect on the soil microbial population when viewed in terms of BSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Memarian
- Department of Civil Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.
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