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Poater J, Viñas C, Escayola S, Solà M, Teixidor F. Pioneering the Power of Twin Bonds in a Revolutionary Double Bond Formation. Unveiling the True Identity of o-Carboryne as o-Carborene. Chemistry 2023:e202302448. [PMID: 37702301 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The homolytic elimination of two H atoms from two adjacent carbons in benzene results in the aromatic product o-benzyne. In a similar way, the homolytic elimination of two H atoms from the two adjacent carbons in 1,2-C2 B10 H12 results in the aromatic product o-carboryne. In this work, we provide experimental and computational evidences that despite the similarity of o-carboryne and o-benzyne, the nature of the C-C bond generated between two adjacent carbons that lose H atoms is different. While in o-benzyne the C-C bond behaves as a triple bond, in o-carboryne the C-C bond is a double bond. Therefore, we must stop naming 1,2-dehydro-o-carboryne as o-carboryne but instead call it o-carborene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Poater
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sílvia Escayola
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química Universitat de Girona C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química Universitat de Girona C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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2
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Messner K, Vuong B, Tranmer GK. The Boron Advantage: The Evolution and Diversification of Boron’s Applications in Medicinal Chemistry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030264. [PMID: 35337063 PMCID: PMC8948683 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, the history of boron’s early use in drugs, and the history of the use of boron functional groups in medicinal chemistry applications are discussed. This includes diazaborines, boronic acids, benzoxaboroles, boron clusters, and carboranes. Furthermore, critical developments from these functional groups are highlighted along with recent developments, which exemplify potential prospects. Lastly, the application of boron in the form of a prodrug, softdrug, and as a nanocarrier are discussed to showcase boron’s emergence into new and exciting fields. Overall, we emphasize the evolution of organoboron therapeutic agents as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and outline the impact that boron has had on drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Messner
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (K.M.); (B.V.)
| | - Billy Vuong
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (K.M.); (B.V.)
| | - Geoffrey K. Tranmer
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; (K.M.); (B.V.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada
- Correspondence:
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3
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Drača D, Marković M, Gozzi M, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Hey-Hawkins E. Ruthenacarborane and Quinoline: A Promising Combination for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133801. [PMID: 34206482 PMCID: PMC8270330 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas and glioblastomas are very aggressive forms of brain tumors, prone to the development of a multitude of resistance mechanisms to therapeutic treatments, including cytoprotective autophagy. In this work, we investigated the role and mechanism of action of the combination of a ruthenacarborane derivative with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ), linked via an ester bond (complex 2), in rat astrocytoma C6 and human glioma U251 cells, in comparison with the two compounds alone, i.e., the free carboxylic acid (complex 1) and 8-HQ, and their non-covalent combination ([1 + 8-HQ], in 1:1 molar ratio). We found that only complex 2 was able to significantly affect cellular viability in glioma U251 cells (IC50 11.4 μM) via inhibition of the autophagic machinery, most likely acting at the early stages of the autophagic cascade. Contrary to 8-HQ alone, complex 2 was also able to impair cellular viability under conditions of glucose deprivation. We thus suggest different mechanisms of action of ruthenacarborane complex 2 than purely organic quinoline-based drugs, making complex 2 a very attractive candidate for evading the known resistances of brain tumors to chloroquine-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Drača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Milan Marković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Marta Gozzi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (D.M.-I.); (E.H.-H.); Tel.: +381-11-2078-452 (S.M. & D.M.-I.); Tel.: +49-341-9736151 (E.H.-H.)
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (D.M.-I.); (E.H.-H.); Tel.: +381-11-2078-452 (S.M. & D.M.-I.); Tel.: +49-341-9736151 (E.H.-H.)
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (D.M.-I.); (E.H.-H.); Tel.: +381-11-2078-452 (S.M. & D.M.-I.); Tel.: +49-341-9736151 (E.H.-H.)
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4
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Saretz S, Basset G, Useini L, Laube M, Pietzsch J, Drača D, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Trambauer J, Steiner H, Hey-Hawkins E. Modulation of γ-Secretase Activity by a Carborane-Based Flurbiprofen Analogue. Molecules 2021; 26:2843. [PMID: 34064783 PMCID: PMC8151329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
All over the world, societies are facing rapidly aging populations combined with a growing number of patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD). One focus in pharmaceutical research to address this issue is on the reduction of the longer amyloid-β (Aβ) fragments in the brain by modulation of γ-secretase, a membrane-bound protease. R-Flurbiprofen (tarenflurbil) was studied in this regard but failed to show significant improvement in AD patients in a phase 3 clinical trial. This was mainly attributed to its low ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, we present the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a racemic meta-carborane analogue of flurbiprofen. By introducing the carborane moiety, the hydrophobicity could be shifted into a more favourable range for the penetration of the blood-brain barrier, evident by a logD7.4 value of 2.0. Furthermore, our analogue retained γ-secretase modulator activity in comparison to racemic flurbiprofen in a cell-based assay. These findings demonstrate the potential of carboranes as phenyl mimetics also in AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Saretz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (L.U.)
- Chemische Biologie, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstraße 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gabriele Basset
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Metabolic Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 München, Germany; (G.B.); (J.T.); (H.S.)
| | - Liridona Useini
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (L.U.)
| | - Markus Laube
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (M.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany; (M.L.); (J.P.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dijana Drača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (D.M.-I.)
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (D.M.-I.)
| | - Johannes Trambauer
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Metabolic Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 München, Germany; (G.B.); (J.T.); (H.S.)
| | - Harald Steiner
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Metabolic Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 München, Germany; (G.B.); (J.T.); (H.S.)
- German Center for Neurogenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.S.); (L.U.)
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5
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Murphy N, McCarthy E, Dwyer R, Farràs P. Boron clusters as breast cancer therapeutics. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 218:111412. [PMID: 33773323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the foundation of small molecule-based therapeutics over 100 years ago, their design has been dominated by organic based components. This has also been apparent in anti-cancer therapeutics in a broad range of strategies; from the older DNA chelating drugs, to the more recent molecular-targeted therapies. The main challenges facing current treatments; multidrug resistance and low therapeutic index, can potentially be alleviated by the incorporation of boron clusters. While retaining the versatility of their organic counterparts, these compounds offer a unique set of molecular interactions, which are a useful tool in targeted therapies and can improve many organic formulations with their incorporation. This review will discuss the potential of boron clusters in medicine while focusing on their activity in the breast cancer setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neville Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91CF50, Ireland; CÚRAM, the SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway H91W2TY, Ireland
| | - Elan McCarthy
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Róisín Dwyer
- Lambe Institute for Translational Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland; CÚRAM, the SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway H91W2TY, Ireland
| | - Pau Farràs
- School of Chemistry, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway H91CF50, Ireland; CÚRAM, the SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway H91W2TY, Ireland.
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6
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Tse EG, Houston SD, Williams CM, Savage GP, Rendina LM, Hallyburton I, Anderson M, Sharma R, Walker GS, Obach RS, Todd MH. Nonclassical Phenyl Bioisosteres as Effective Replacements in a Series of Novel Open-Source Antimalarials. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11585-11601. [PMID: 32678591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The replacement of one chemical motif with another that is broadly similar is a common method in medicinal chemistry to modulate the physical and biological properties of a molecule (i.e., bioisosterism). In recent years, bioisosteres such as cubane and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) have been used as highly effective phenyl mimics. Herein, we show the successful incorporation of a range of phenyl bioisosteres during the open-source optimization of an antimalarial series. Cubane (19) and closo-carborane (23) analogues exhibited improved in vitro potency against Plasmodium falciparum compared to the parent phenyl compound; however, these changes resulted in a reduction in metabolic stability; unusually, enzyme-mediated oxidation was found to take place on the cubane core. A BCP analogue (22) was found to be equipotent to its parent phenyl compound and showed significantly improved metabolic properties. While these results demonstrate the utility of these atypical bioisosteres when used in a medicinal chemistry program, the search to find a suitable bioisostere may well require the preparation of many candidates, in our case, 32 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin G Tse
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Sevan D Houston
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - G Paul Savage
- Ian Wark Laboratory, CSIRO Manufacturing, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Louis M Rendina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Irene Hallyburton
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Mark Anderson
- Drug Discovery Unit, Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K
| | - Raman Sharma
- Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - R Scott Obach
- Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Matthew H Todd
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
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7
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Kellert M, Sárosi I, Rajaratnam R, Meggers E, Lönnecke P, Hey-Hawkins E. Ruthenacarborane-Phenanthroline Derivatives as Potential Metallodrugs. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102322. [PMID: 32429279 PMCID: PMC7287719 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium-based complexes have received much interest as potential metallodrugs. In this work, four RuII complexes bearing a dicarbollide moiety, a carbonyl ligand, and a phenanthroline-based ligand were synthesized and characterized, including single crystal diffraction analysis of compounds 2, 4, and 5 and an observed side product SP1. Complexes 2-5 are air and moisture stable under ambient conditions. They show excellent solubility in organic solvents, but low solubility in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kellert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.K.); (I.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Imola Sárosi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.K.); (I.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Rajathees Rajaratnam
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.K.); (I.S.); (P.L.)
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.K.); (I.S.); (P.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-97-36151
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8
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Buzharevski A, Paskaš S, Sárosi MB, Laube M, Lönnecke P, Neumann W, Murganić B, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Pietzsch J, Hey-Hawkins E. Carboranyl Derivatives of Rofecoxib with Cytostatic Activity against Human Melanoma and Colon Cancer Cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4827. [PMID: 32179835 PMCID: PMC7076013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in carcinogenesis, COX-2-selective inhibitors are increasingly studied for their potential cytotoxic properties. Moreover, the incorporation of carboranes in structures of established anti-inflammatory drugs can improve the potency and metabolic stability of the inhibitors. Herein, we report the synthesis of carborane-containing derivatives of rofecoxib that display remarkable cytotoxic or cytostatic activity in the micromolar range with excellent selectivity for melanoma and colon cancer cell lines over normal cells. Furthermore, it was shown that the carborane-modified derivatives of rofecoxib showed different modes of action that were dependent on the cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Buzharevski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Svetlana Paskaš
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Menyhárt-Botond Sárosi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Laube
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wilma Neumann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Blagoje Murganić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijelа Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Mommsenstrasse 4, D-01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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9
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Kowalski K. Insight into the Biological Activity of Organometallic Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) Derivatives. Chempluschem 2019; 84:403-415. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kowalski
- Faculty of Chemistry Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Łódź Tamka 12 91-403 Łódź Poland
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10
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Buzharevski A, Paskas S, Sárosi MB, Laube M, Lönnecke P, Neumann W, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Pietzsch J, Hey-Hawkins E. Carboranyl Analogues of Celecoxib with Potent Cytostatic Activity against Human Melanoma and Colon Cancer Cell Lines. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:315-321. [PMID: 30602073 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most common way of treating inflammatory disorders. Their widespread use helped reveal their other modes of action as pharmaceuticals, such as a profound effect on various cancers. Celecoxib has proven to be a very prominent member of this group with cytostatic activities. On the other hand, the highly dynamic field of drug design is constantly searching for new ways of modifying known structures to obtain more powerful and less harmful drugs. A very interesting development is the implementation of carboranes in pharmacologically active structures, mostly as phenyl mimetics. Herein we report the synthesis of three carborane-containing derivatives of the COX-2-selective NSAID celecoxib. The new compounds proved to have promising cytostatic potential against various melanoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. Inhibited proliferation accompanied by caspase-independent apoptotic cell death was found to be the main cause of decreased cell viability upon treatment with the most efficient celecoxib analogue, 3 b (4-[5-(1,7-dicarba-closo-dodecaboranyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-1-methylsulfonylbenzene).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Buzharevski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Svetlana Paskas
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Menyhárt-Botond Sárosi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Laube
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wilma Neumann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Mijatovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimovic-Ivanic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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11
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Gozzi M, Schwarze B, Sárosi MB, Lönnecke P, Drača D, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Mijatović S, Hey-Hawkins E. Antiproliferative activity of (η 6-arene)ruthenacarborane sandwich complexes against HCT116 and MCF7 cell lines. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12067-12080. [PMID: 28799598 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02027a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Three [(η6-arene)RuC2B9H11] complexes (arene = p-cymene (2), biphenyl (3) and 1-Me-4-COOEt-C6H4 (4)) were synthesised according to modified literature procedures and fully characterised. 2-4 were found to be moderately active against two types of tumour cell lines (HCT116 and MCF7), with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. However, viability of normal, healthy cells (MRC-5 cell line, MLEC and mouse macrophages) was not affected by treatment with 2-4, indicating high selectivity of the metallacarborane complexes towards tumour cell lines, compared to the unselective antitumour agent cisplatin and other potential RuII drugs. Moreover, flow cytometric analysis suggested that 4 induces cell death via a caspase-dependent apoptotic mechanism. DFT calculations of the frontier molecular orbitals showed that the HOMO-LUMO gap in 2-4 is smaller than in the corresponding cyclopentadienyl complexes 2-Cp-4-Cp (e.g. 5.47 (2) vs. 6.31 eV (2-Cp)). In order to assess the stability of 2-4, particularly the ruthenium-dicarbollide bond, energy decomposition analysis (EDA) of 2-4, together with the respective cyclopentadienyl analogues 2-Cp-4-Cp, was performed. EDA suggests that the ruthenium(ii)-dicarbollide bond in the three complexes is mostly ionic and far stronger than the ruthenium(ii)-arene bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gozzi
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Schwarze
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Menyhárt-Botond Sárosi
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Dijana Drača
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", Bul. Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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12
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Leśnikowski ZJ. Challenges and Opportunities for the Application of Boron Clusters in Drug Design. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7738-58. [PMID: 27124656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There are two branches in boron medicinal chemistry: the first focuses on single boron atom compounds, and the second utilizes boron clusters. Boron clusters and their heteroatom counterparts belong to the family of cage compounds. A subset of this extensive class of compounds includes dicarbadodecaboranes, which have the general formula C2B10H12, and their metal biscarboranyl complexes, metallacarboranes, with the formula [M(C2B10H12)2(-2)]. The unique properties of boron clusters have resulted in their utilization in applications such as in pharmacophores, as scaffolds in molecular construction, and as modulators of bioactive compounds. This Perspective presents an overview of the properties of boron clusters that are pertinent for drug discovery, recent applications in the design of various classes of drugs, and the potential use of boron clusters in the construction of new pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew J Leśnikowski
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biological Chemistry, 106 Lodowa St., Lodz 93-232, Poland
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13
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION After decades of development, the medicinal chemistry of compounds that contain a single boron atom has matured to the present status of having equal rights with other branches of drug discovery, although it remains a relative newcomer. In contrast, the medicinal chemistry of boron clusters is less advanced, but it is expanding and may soon become a productive area of drug discovery. AREAS COVERED The author reviews the current developments of medicinal chemistry of boron and its applications in drug design. First generation boron drugs that bear a single boron atom and second generation boron drugs that utilize boron clusters as pharmacophores or modulators of bioactive molecules are discussed. The advantages and gaps in our current understanding of boron medicinal chemistry, with a special focus on boron clusters, are highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Boron is not a panacea for every drug discovery problem, but there is a good chance that it will become a useful addition to the medicinal chemistry tool box. The present status of boron resembles the medicinal chemistry status of fluorine three decades ago; indeed, currently, approximately 20% of pharmaceuticals on the market contain fluorine. The fact that novel boron compounds, especially those based on abiotic polyhedral boron hydrides, are currently unfamiliar could be advantageous because organisms may be less prone to developing resistance against boron cluster-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew J Leśnikowski
- a Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biological Chemistry , Lodz , Poland
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14
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Genady AR, Tan J, El-Zaria ME, Zlitni A, Janzen N, Valliant JF. Reprint of: Synthesis, characterization and radiolabeling of carborane-functionalized tetrazines for use in inverse electron demand Diels–Alder ligation reactions. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Genady AR, Tan J, El-Zaria ME, Zlitni A, Janzen N, Valliant JF. Synthesis, characterization and radiolabeling of carborane-functionalized tetrazines for use in inverse electron demand Diels–Alder ligation reactions. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Frank R, Ahrens V, Boehnke S, Hofmann S, Kellert M, Saretz S, Pandey S, Sárosi M, Bartók Á, Beck-Sickinger AG, Hey-Hawkins E. Carbaboranes – more than just phenyl mimetics. PURE APPL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2014-1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDicarba-closo-dodecaboranes(12) (C2B10H12, carbaboranes) are highly hydrophobic and stable icosahedral carbon-containing boron clusters. The cage framework of these clusters can be modified with a variety of substituents, both at the carbon and at the boron atoms. Substituted carbaboranes are of interest in medicine as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents or as pharmacophores. High and selective accumulation in tumour cells is an important requirement for a BNCT agent and is achieved by incorporating boron-rich, water-soluble carbaborane derivatives into breast tumour-selective modified neuropeptide Y, [F7, P34]-NPY. Preliminary studies showed that the receptor binding affinity and signal transduction of the boron-modified peptides were very well retained. Use of carbaboranes as pharmacophores was shown by replacement of Bpa32 (Bpa=benzoylphenylalanine) in the reduced-size NPY analogue [Pro30, Nle31, Bpa32, Leu34]-NPY 28–36 by ortho-carbaboranyl propanoic acid. The inclusion of the carbaborane derivative resulted in a short NPY agonist with an interesting hY2R/hY4R preference. This might be a promising approach in the field of anti-obesity drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Frank
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Verena Ahrens
- 2Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Solveig Boehnke
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven Hofmann
- 2Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Leipzig, Brüderstraße 34, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Kellert
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Saretz
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Souvik Pandey
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Menyhárt Sárosi
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ágota Bartók
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- 1Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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17
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18
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Mader P, Pecina A, Cígler P, Lepšík M, Šícha V, Hobza P, Grüner B, Fanfrlík J, Brynda J, Řezáčová P. Carborane-based carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: insight into CAII/CAIX specificity from a high-resolution crystal structure, modeling, and quantum chemical calculations. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:389869. [PMID: 25309911 PMCID: PMC4189773 DOI: 10.1155/2014/389869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Carborane-based compounds are promising lead structures for development of inhibitors of carbonic anhydrases (CAs). Here, we report structural and computational analysis applicable to structure-based design of carborane compounds with selectivity toward the cancer-specific CAIX isoenzyme. We determined the crystal structure of CAII in complex with 1-methylenesulfamide-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane at 1.0 Å resolution and used this structure to model the 1-methylenesulfamide-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane interactions with CAIX. A virtual glycine scan revealed the contributions of individual residues to the energy of binding of 1-methylenesulfamide-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane to CAII and CAIX, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Mader
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L7
| | - Adam Pecina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cígler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lepšík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Šícha
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Hlavní 1001, 250 68 Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumír Grüner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Hlavní 1001, 250 68 Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Fanfrlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Brynda
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Řezáčová
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences and IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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19
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El-Zaria ME, Keskar K, Genady AR, Ioppolo JA, McNulty J, Valliant JF. High yielding synthesis of carboranes under mild reaction conditions using a homogeneous silver(I) catalyst: direct evidence of a bimetallic intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5156-60. [PMID: 24700630 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201311012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Methods used to prepare functionalized carboranes generally require heating to high temperatures, and thus limits the range of derivatives which can be prepared directly from alkynes. We show here that by using a homogeneous silver(I) catalyst it is now possible to prepare carboranes in good to excellent yield at temperatures below 40 °C, including at room temperature. The process is general and provides an important new synthetic strategy for the preparation of functionalized boron clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E El-Zaria
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W., Hamilton, Ont., L8S 4M1 Canada; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta (Egypt)
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20
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El-Zaria ME, Keskar K, Genady AR, Ioppolo JA, McNulty J, Valliant JF. High Yielding Synthesis of Carboranes Under Mild Reaction Conditions Using a Homogeneous Silver(I) Catalyst: Direct Evidence of a Bimetallic Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201311012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of new epalrestat analogues as aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs). Eur J Med Chem 2014; 71:53-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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22
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Kreienbrink A, Heinicke S, Duong Pham TT, Frank R, Lönnecke P, Hey-Hawkins E. Carbaborane-Substituted 1,2,3-Triphospholanes and 1-Aza-2,5-diphospholane: New Synthetic Approaches. Chemistry 2013; 20:1434-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Brynda J, Mader P, Šícha V, Fábry M, Poncová K, Bakardiev M, Grüner B, Cígler P, Řezáčová P. Carborane-Based Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Carborane-Based Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13760-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Toppino A, Genady AR, El-Zaria ME, Reeve J, Mostofian F, Kent J, Valliant JF. High yielding preparation of dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes using a silver(I) mediated dehydrogenative alkyne-insertion reaction. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8743-9. [PMID: 23829543 DOI: 10.1021/ic400928v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of 1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes (ortho-carboranes) is often low yielding which is a critical issue given the increasing use of boron clusters in material science and medicinal chemistry. To address this barrier, a series of Cu, Ag, and Au salts were screened to identify compounds that would enhance the yields of ortho-caboranes produced when treating alkynes with B10H12(CH3CN)2. Using a variety of functionalized ligands including mono- and polyfunctional internal and terminal alkynes, significant increases in yield were observed when AgNO3 was used in catalytic amounts. AgNO3 appears to prevent unwanted reduction/hydroboration of the alkyne prior to carborane formation, and the process is compatible with aryl, halo, hydroxy, nitrile, carbamate, and carbonyl functionalized alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Toppino
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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26
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Rak J, Dejlová B, Lampová H, Kaplánek R, Matějíček P, Cígler P, Král V. On the Solubility and Lipophilicity of Metallacarborane Pharmacophores. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1751-9. [DOI: 10.1021/mp300565z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Rak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
- Zentiva R&D, Part of Sanofi-Aventis, U Kabelovny 130, 102 37 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Dejlová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
| | - Hana Lampová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
- Zentiva R&D, Part of Sanofi-Aventis, U Kabelovny 130, 102 37 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Kaplánek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
| | - Pavel Matějíček
- Department of Physical
and Macromolecular
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Cígler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v. v. i., Flemingovo
nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Král
- Department of Analytical Chemistry,
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
- Zentiva R&D, Part of Sanofi-Aventis, U Kabelovny 130, 102 37 Prague 10, Czech Republic
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El-Zaria ME, Janzen N, Blacker M, Valliant JF. Synthesis, Characterisation, and Biodistribution of Radioiodinated C-Hydroxy-Carboranes. Chemistry 2012; 18:11071-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Abstract
In medicinal chemistry, carbaboranes can be employed either as boron carriers for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) or as scaffolds for radiodiagnostic or therapeutic agents. We have developed a suitable synthesis employing the phosphoramidite method to connect meta-carbaboranyl bis-phosphonites with the 6'-OH group of isopropylidene-protected galactose, followed by oxidation or sulfurization to give the corresponding bis-phosphonates. Deprotection yielded water-soluble compounds. The corresponding disodium salts exhibit especially low cytotoxicity. Preliminary results on the in vivo toxicity and biodistribution of two compounds in mice indicated a lack of selectivity for the cotton rat lung (CRL) tumor chosen for the experiment. For the incorporation of carbaboranes into breast tumor-selective modified neuropeptide Y, [F7, P34]-NPY, a synthesis of a carbaborane-modified lysine derivative was developed. Linkage of the lysine to the boron cluster was achieved by using a propionic acid spacer. Incorporation of the amino acid derivatives into NPY and [F7, P34]-NPY by solid-phase peptide synthesis was successful. Preliminary studies showed that the receptor binding affinity and signal transduction of the boron-modified peptides were very well retained. Asborin, the carbaborane analogue of aspirin, is a rather weak inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2, but a highly potent aldo/keto reductase 1A1 (AKR1A1) inhibitor. Modification either at the carboxyl group or at the chlorophenyl ring in indomethacin with ortho- and meta-carbaboranyl derivatives gave active derivatives only for the ortho-carbaborane directly attached to the carboxyl group, while the corresponding adamantyl and meta-carbaboranyl derivatives were inactive.
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Scholz M, Hey-Hawkins E. Carbaboranes as pharmacophores: properties, synthesis, and application strategies. Chem Rev 2011; 111:7035-62. [PMID: 21780840 DOI: 10.1021/cr200038x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 582] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Scholz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Leipzig, Germany
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30
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Issa F, Kassiou M, Rendina LM. Boron in drug discovery: carboranes as unique pharmacophores in biologically active compounds. Chem Rev 2011; 111:5701-22. [PMID: 21718011 DOI: 10.1021/cr2000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 521] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatiah Issa
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
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31
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Scholz M, Kaluđerović GN, Kommera H, Paschke R, Will J, Sheldrick WS, Hey-Hawkins E. Carbaboranes as pharmacophores: Similarities and differences between aspirin and asborin. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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32
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Scholz M, Blobaum AL, Marnett LJ, Hey-Hawkins E. Synthesis and evaluation of carbaborane derivatives of indomethacin as cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3242-8. [PMID: 21524587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert their pharmacological activities by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2. Previous studies have shown that esters and amides of non-selective inhibitors such as indomethacin are selective against COX-2, which is the therapeutically relevant isoform. Structure-activity analysis indicates that substituted phenyl rings are tolerated as ester components. In the present study, the introduction of inorganic ortho- and meta-carbaborane moieties was explored with the aim to create COX-2 inhibitors and more importantly to investigate the validity of using these boron clusters as drug entities. Interestingly, only the ortho-carbaborane ester was active whereas the meta isomer was not. A similar lack of inhibitory potency was observed when an adamantyl substituent or alkylene spacers at the carbaborane were introduced in the ester functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Scholz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Leipzig, Germany
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