1
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Yıldız MT, Osmaniye D, Saglik BN, Levent S, Kurnaz R, Ozkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Synthesis, molecular dynamics simulation, and evaluation of biological activity of novel flurbiprofen and ibuprofen-like compounds. J Mol Recognit 2024:e3089. [PMID: 38894531 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The frequent use of anti-inflammatory drugs and the side effects of existing drugs keep the need for new compounds constant. For this purpose, flurbiprofen and ibuprofen-like compounds, which are frequently used anti-inflammatory compounds in this study, were synthesized and their structures were elucidated. Like ibuprofen and flurbiprofen, the compounds contain a residue of phenylacetic acid. On the other hand, it contains a secondary amine residue. Thus, it is planned to reduce the acidity, which is the biggest side effect of NSAI drugs, even a little bit. The estimated ADME parameters of the compounds were evaluated. Apart from internal use, local use of anti-inflammatory compounds is also very important. For this reason, the skin permeability values of the compounds were also calculated. And it has been found to be compatible with reference drugs. The COX enzyme inhibitory effects of the obtained compounds were tested by in vitro experiments. Compound 2a showed significant activity against COX-1 enzyme with an IC50 = 0.123 + 0.005 μM. The interaction of the compound with the enzyme active site was clarified by molecular dynamics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Taha Yıldız
- Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Begum Nurpelin Saglik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Recep Kurnaz
- Acıbadem Hospital, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ozkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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2
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Aziz YMA, Nafie MS, Hanna PA, Ramadan S, Barakat A, Elewa M. Synthesis, Docking, and DFT Studies on Novel Schiff Base Sulfonamide Analogues as Selective COX-1 Inhibitors with Anti-Platelet Aggregation Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:710. [PMID: 38931377 PMCID: PMC11206759 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Selective COX-1 inhibitors are preferential therapeutic targets for platelet aggregation and clotting responses. In this study, we examined the selective COX-1-inhibitory activities of four newly synthesized compounds, 10-13, along with their abilities to inhibit platelet aggregation against ADP and collagen. The target compounds 10-13 were synthesized using the conventional method, sonication, and microwave-assisted methods. Microanalytical and spectral data were utilized to elucidate the structures of the new compounds 10-13. Additionally, a spectral NMR experiment [NOESY] was conducted to emphasize the configuration around the double bond of the imine group C=N. The obtained results revealed no observed correlation between any of the neighboring protons, suggesting that the configuration at the C=N double bond is E. Biological results revealed that all the screened compounds 10-13 might serve as selective COX-1 inhibitors. They showed IC50 values ranging from 0.71 μM to 4.82 μM against COX-1 and IC50 values ranging from 9.26 μM to 15.24 μM against COX-2. Their COX-1 selectivity indices ranged between 2.87 and 18.69. These compounds show promise as promising anti-platelet aggregation agents. They effectively prevented platelet aggregation induced by ADP with IC50 values ranging from 0.11 μM to 0.37 μM, surpassing the standard aspirin with an IC50 value of 0.49 μM. Additionally, they inhibited the platelet aggregation induced by collagen with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 μM to 1.03 μM, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to aspirin, which has an IC50 value of 0.51 μM. In silico molecular modeling was performed for all the target compounds within the active sites of COX-1 and COX-2 to rationalize their selective inhibitory activities towards COX-1. It was found that the binding interactions of the designed compounds within the COX-1 active site had remained unaffected by the presence of celecoxib. Molecular modeling and DFT calculations using the B3LYP/6-31+G (d,p) level were performed to study the stability of E-forms with respect to Z-forms for the investigated compounds. A strong correlation was observed between the experimental observations and the quantum chemical descriptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine M. Abdel Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates;
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
| | - Pierre A. Hanna
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Sherif Ramadan
- Chemistry Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Elewa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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3
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Sumran G, Jain N, Kumar P, Aggarwal R. Trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls as Versatile Synthons in Synthesis of Heterocycles. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303599. [PMID: 38055226 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethyl group relishes a privileged position in the realm of medicinal chemistry because its incorporation into organic molecules often enhances the bioactivity by altering pharmacological profile of molecule. Trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls have emerged as pivotal building blocks in synthetic organic chemistry due to their facile accessibility, stability and remarkable versatility. Owing to presence of nucleophilic and electrophilic sites, they offer multifunctional sites for the reaction. This review covers a meticulous exploration of their multifaceted role, encompassing an in-depth analysis of mechanism, extensive scope, limitations and wide-ranging applications in diverse organic synthesis, covering the literature from the 21st century. This comprehensive review encapsulates the applications of trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls and their synthetic equivalents as precursors of complex and diverse heterocyclic scaffolds, fused heterocycles and spirocyclic compounds having medicinal and material importance. Their potent synthetic utility in cyclocondensation reactions with binucleophiles, cycloaddition reactions, C-C bond formations, asymmetric multicomponent reactions using classical/solvent-free/catalytic synthesis have been presented. Influence of unsymmetrical trifluoromethyl-β-diketones on regioselectivity of transformation is also reviewed. This review will benefit the synthetic and pharmaceutical communities to explore trifluoromethyl-β-dicarbonyls as trifluoromethyl building blocks for fabrication of heterocyclic scaffolds having implementation into drug discovery programs in the imminent future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Sumran
- Department of Chemistry, D. A. V. College (Lahore), Ambala City, 134 003, Haryana, India
| | - Naman Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119, India
| | - Prince Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119, India
| | - Ranjana Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119, India
- CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, New Delhi, 110012, India
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4
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Shi T, Wu Z, Jia T, Zhang C, Zeng L, Zhuang R, Zhang J, Liu S, Shao J, Zhu H. Sequential [3+2] annulation reaction of prop-2-ynylsulfonium salts and hydrazonyl chlorides: synthesis of pyrazoles containing functional motifs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8460-8463. [PMID: 34342307 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02735b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel sequential [3+2] annulation reaction has been developed using prop-2-ynylsulfonium salts and hydrazonyl chlorides, affording a series of pyrazoles with functional motifs that can be post modified in the preparation of various drugs or drug candidates. Further transformation and gram-scale operations could also be achieved efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Shi
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, P. R. China.
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5
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Kaur J, Bhardwaj A, Wuest F. Development of Fluorescence Imaging Probes for Labeling COX-1 in Live Ovarian Cancer Cells. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:798-804. [PMID: 34055228 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent experimental evidence demonstrated an aberrant overexpression of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) in various cancers, which has stimulated the development of COX-1-selective inhibitors as promising anticancer drugs and cancer imaging agents. Herein we describe the synthesis and validation of 3-(furan-2-yl)-N-aryl 5-amino-pyrazoles as a novel class of COX-1 inhibitors, including molecular docking studies. Among all tested compounds, 4-(5-azido-3-(furan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic 17 displayed a favorable COX-1 inhibition and selectivity profile (COX-1 IC50 = 0.1 μM, SI >1000 over COX-2). Compound 17 was selected as a lead structure for developing the novel COX-1-selective fluorescent probe 22. Fluorescent probe 22 was prepared via click chemistry by installing a nitro-benzoxadiazole motif as a fluorophore into the 3-(furan-2-yl)-N-aryl 5-amino-pyrazole scaffold. Fluorescence probe 22 was tested in ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3, confirming its usefulness for targeting and visualizing COX-1 in living cells with confocal microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Kaur
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Alberta, 8613 - 114 St., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Atul Bhardwaj
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Alberta, 8613 - 114 St., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Alberta, 8613 - 114 St., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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6
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Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Molecular Modeling Studies of Pyrazole and Triazole Derivatives as Selective COX-2 Inhibitors. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/6393428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Series of diaryl-based pyrazole and triazole derivatives were designed and synthesized in a facile synthetic approach in order to produce selective COX-2 inhibitor. These series of derivatives were synthesized by different reactions like Vilsmeier–Haack reaction and click reaction. In vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition studies showed that five compounds were potent and selective inhibitors of the COX-2 isozyme with IC50values in 0.551–0.002 μM range. In the diarylpyrazole derivatives, compound4bshowed the best inhibitory activity against COX-2 with IC50 = 0.017 μM as one of theN-aromatic rings was substituted with sulfonamide and the other aromatic ring was unsubstituted. However, when theN-aromatic ring was substituted with sulfonamide and the other aromatic ring was substituted with sulfone (compound4d), best COX-2 selectivity was achieved (IC50 = 0.098 μM, SI = 54.847). In the diaryltriazole derivatives, compound15ashowed the best inhibitory activity in comparison to all synthesized compounds including the reference celecoxib with IC50 = 0.002 μM and SI = 162.5 as it could better fit the extra hydrophobic pocket which is present in the COX-2 enzyme. Moreover, the docking study supports the obtained SAR data and binding similarities and differences on both isozymes.
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7
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Obydennov DL, Khammatova LR, Eltsov OS, Sosnovskikh VY. A chemo- and regiocontrolled approach to bipyrazoles and pyridones via the reaction of ethyl 5-acyl-4-pyrone-2-carboxylates with hydrazines. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:1692-1707. [PMID: 29451283 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02725g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemo- and regiocontrolled syntheses of pyrazoles and pyridones are presented on the basis of 4-pyrones. A novel approach towards highly functionalized 3,4'-bipyrazoles has been developed by using reactions of ethyl 5-acylcomanoates with hydrazines. The acid-promoted double cyclocondensation allows switching of the structure of the pyrazole rings easily through changing both the nature of hydrazine and the reaction conditions. The transformation of 4-pyrones with phenylhydrazine in EtOH at -20 °C leads to hydroxypyridones as monoaddition products which can be used as precursors for the preparation of pyridone and pyrazole derivatives. A novel rearrangement of 2-hydroxypyridone to pyrazolyl-1,3-diketones in DMSO was found. The structure and regiochemistry of bipyrazoles were confirmed by X-ray analysis and 2D NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Obydennov
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 51 Lenina Ave., 620000 Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation.
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8
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Pati ML, Vitale P, Ferorelli S, Iaselli M, Miciaccia M, Boccarelli A, Di Mauro GD, Fortuna CG, Souza Domingos TF, Rodrigues Pereira da Silva LC, de Pádula M, Cabral LM, Sathler PC, Vacca A, Scilimati A, Perrone MG. Translational impact of novel widely pharmacological characterized mofezolac-derived COX-1 inhibitors combined with bortezomib on human multiple myeloma cell lines viability. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:59-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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Mohassab AM, Hassan HA, Abdelhamid D, Abdel-Aziz M, Dalby KN, Kaoud TS. Novel quinoline incorporating 1,2,4-triazole/oxime hybrids: Synthesis, molecular docking, anti-inflammatory, COX inhibition, ulceroginicity and histopathological investigations. Bioorg Chem 2017; 75:242-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Abd-Ellah HS, Abdel-Aziz M, Shoman ME, Beshr EAM, Kaoud T, Ahmed ASFF. New 1,3,4-oxadiazole/oxime hybrids: Design, synthesis, anti-inflammatory, COX inhibitory activities and ulcerogenic liability. Bioorg Chem 2017; 74:15-29. [PMID: 28738249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole/oxime hybrids were synthesized and designed as potent COX inhibitors. The prepared compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and ulcerogenic activities. The results indicated that the prepared compounds exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity with (69.60-109.60% of indomethacin activity) after 4h. In vitro COX inhibitory assay showed that compounds 6d and 7h are potent COX inhibitors with IC50 of (1.10-0.94) and (2.30-5.00) µM on both COX-1 and COX-2 respectively. Compound 7h was found to inhibit both COXs non-competitively with Ki values of 73µM and 89µM. Most of the tested compounds showed ulcer-free stomachs compared to indomethacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S Abd-Ellah
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mai E Shoman
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dept., College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mekka 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - TamerS Kaoud
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Al-Shaimaa F F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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11
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Batista D, Falé PL, Serralheiro ML, Araújo ME, Dias C, Branco I, Grosso C, Coelho J, Palavra A, Madeira PJA, Martins A, Rauter AP. Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of the Aqueous and Supercritical Fluid Extracts from Salvia sclareoides Brot. OPEN CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2017-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPlants belonging to the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) are known to have a wide range of biological properties. In this work, extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Salvia sclareoides Brot. were evaluated to investigate their chemical composition, toxicity, bioactivity, and stability under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions. The composition of the supercritical fluid extract was determined by GC and GC-MS, while the identification of the infusion constituents was performed by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS. The in vitro cytotoxicity of both extracts (0-2 mg/mL) was evaluated in Caco-2 cell lines by the MTT assay. The anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activities were determined through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and acetylcholinesterase enzymes, while β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching test and the DPPH assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. The infusion inhibited cyclooxygenase-1 (IC50 = 271.0 μg/mL), and acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 487.7 μg/ mL) enzymes, also demonstrated significant antioxidant properties, as evaluated by the DPPH (IC50 = 10.4 μg/mL) and β-carotene/linoleic acid (IC50 = 30.0 μg/mL) assays. No remarkable alterations in the composition or in the bioactivities of the infusion were observed after in vitro digestion, which supports the potential of S. sclareoides as a source of bioactive ingredients with neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Batista
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro L. Falé
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria L. Serralheiro
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria-Eduarda Araújo
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Dias
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Branco
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Clara Grosso
- REQUIMTE – LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015Porto, Portugal
| | - José Coelho
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1096Lisboa Codex, Portugal
| | - António Palavra
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1096Lisboa Codex, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. A. Madeira
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alice Martins
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Amélia P. Rauter
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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12
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Piemontese L, Cerchia C, Laghezza A, Ziccardi P, Sblano S, Tortorella P, Iacobazzi V, Infantino V, Convertini P, Dal Piaz F, Lupo A, Colantuoni V, Lavecchia A, Loiodice F. New diphenylmethane derivatives as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha/gamma dual agonists endowed with anti-proliferative effects and mitochondrial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:379-397. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole/oxime hybrids: Synthesis, docking studies and investigation of anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic liability and analgesic activities. Bioorg Chem 2016; 69:48-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Perrone MG, Vitale P, Panella A, Ferorelli S, Contino M, Lavecchia A, Scilimati A. Isoxazole-Based-Scaffold Inhibitors Targeting Cyclooxygenases (COXs). ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1172-87. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Andrea Panella
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia; “Drug Discovery” Laboratory; Università di Napoli “Federico II”; Via D. Montesano 49 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco; Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”; Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
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15
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The antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of cladosporols A and B are related to their different binding mode as PPARγ ligands. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 108:22-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Vitale P, Panella A, Scilimati A, Perrone MG. COX-1 Inhibitors: Beyond Structure Toward Therapy. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:641-71. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Andrea Panella
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Bari “A. Moro”; 70125 Bari Italy
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COX enzymes play a central role in the biosynthetic pathway of important biological mediators called prostanoids. Differences in regulation of gene expression, stability of transcripts and proteins determine the different biological functions of COX-1 and COX-2. While the COX-1 gene has been considered to be a 'housekeeping' gene expressed in many tissues and cells, COX-2 gene is upregulated during inflammation, hypoxia and in many cancers. AREAS COVERED The first part of this review provides a survey of the development of both modified traditional NSAIDs (tNSAIDs) and COX inhibitors (coxibs) with reduced side effects for the treatment of inflammation and cancer. The second part deals with patents reporting several dual inhibitors characterized by the conjugation of a COX-inhibitor scaffold to a molecule able to modulate a different target. Finally, two patents on novel COX inhibitor scaffolds are reported. EXPERT OPINION The most interesting branch of research concerns the conjugation of a COX-inhibitor scaffold to a molecule able to modulate a different target, in order to either enhance anti-inflammatory activity or to act as a dual inhibitor. Among the described compounds, selenium-containing coxibs inhibiting COX-2 and Akt, in addition to the multi-target biphenyl derivatives as dual inhibitors of COX and fatty acid amide hydrolase, are the most promising ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Consalvi
- a Sapienza University of Rome, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , p.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Biava
- a Sapienza University of Rome, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , p.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Poce
- a Sapienza University of Rome, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , p.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
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Gomes LR, Low JN, Cagide F, Borges F. Crystal structures of two 6-(2-hy-droxy-benzo-yl)-5H-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-ones. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:766-71. [PMID: 26279863 PMCID: PMC4518966 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015011044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compounds, 6-(2-hy-droxy-benz-yl)-5H-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one, C13H8N2O3S, (1), and 6-(2-hy-droxy-benz-yl)-3-methyl-5H-thia-zolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one, C14H10N2O3S, (2), were synthesized when a chromone-3-carb-oxy-lic acid, activated with (benzotriazol-1-yl-oxy)tripyrrolidinyl-phospho-nium hexa-fluorido-phosphate (PyBOP), was reacted with a primary heteromamine. Instead of the expected amidation, the unusual title thia-zolo-pyrimidine-5-one derivatives were obtained serendipitously and a mechanism of formation is proposed. Both compounds present an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond, which generates an S(6) ring. The dihedral angles between the heterocyclic moiety and the 2-hydroxybenzoyl ring are 55.22 (5) and 46.83 (6)° for (1) and (2), respectively. In the crystals, the mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia R. Gomes
- FP–ENAS–Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde da UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, P-4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - John Nicolson Low
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Perrone MG, Vitale P, Panella A, Fortuna CG, Scilimati A. General role of the amino and methylsulfamoyl groups in selective cyclooxygenase(COX)-1 inhibition by 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazoles and validation of a predictive pharmacometric PLS model. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 94:252-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Grover J, Jachak SM. Coumarins as privileged scaffold for anti-inflammatory drug development. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05643h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several literature reports had highlighted the significance of coumarin nucleus as a source of potential candidates for anti-inflammatory drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep Grover
- Department of Natural Products
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
| | - Sanjay M. Jachak
- Department of Natural Products
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali-160062
- India
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21
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Grover J, Kumar V, Sobhia ME, Jachak SM. Synthesis, biological evaluation and docking analysis of 3-methyl-1-phenylchromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones as potential cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4638-4642. [PMID: 25219899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
As a part of our continued efforts to discover new COX inhibitors, a series of 3-methyl-1-phenylchromeno[4,3-c]pyrazol-4(1H)-ones were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro COX inhibitory potential. Within this series, seven compounds (3a-d, 3h, 3k and 3q) were identified as potential and selective COX-2 inhibitors (COX-2 IC50's in 1.79-4.35μM range; COX-2 selectivity index (SI)=6.8-16.7 range). Compound 3b emerged as most potent (COX-2 IC50=1.79μM; COX-1 IC50 >30μM) and selective COX-2 inhibitor (SI >16.7). Further, compound 3b displayed superior anti-inflammatory activity (59.86% inhibition of edema at 5h) in comparison to celecoxib (51.44% inhibition of edema at 5h) in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Structure-activity relationship studies suggested that N-phenyl ring substituted with p-CF3 substituent (3b, 3k and 3q) leads to more selective inhibition of COX-2. To corroborate obtained experimental biological data, molecular docking study was carried out which revealed that compound 3b showed stronger binding interaction with COX-2 as compared to COX-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep Grover
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali) 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - M Elizabeth Sobhia
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay M Jachak
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali) 160062, Punjab, India.
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Optimization of peptidomimetic boronates bearing a P3 bicyclic scaffold as proteasome inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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23
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From 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles to 3- or 5-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindol-2-yl)isoxazoles in two steps: a regioselective switch between 3- and 5-isomers. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Abdel-Aziz M, Farag NA, Kaoud TS. Novel 1-[4-(Aminosulfonyl)phenyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole derivatives with remarkable selective COX-2 inhibition: Design, synthesis, molecular docking, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenicity studies. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:398-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Scarbaci K, Troiano V, Ettari R, Pinto A, Micale N, Di Giovanni C, Cerchia C, Schirmeister T, Novellino E, Lavecchia A, Zappalà M, Grasso S. Development of novel selective peptidomimetics containing a boronic acid moiety, targeting the 20S proteasome as anticancer agents. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1801-16. [PMID: 24891205 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of peptidomimetic boronates as inhibitors of the 20S proteasome, a validated target in the treatment of multiple myeloma. The synthesized compounds showed a good inhibitory profile against the ChT-L activity of 20S proteasome. Compounds bearing a β-alanine residue at the P2 position were the most active, that is, 3-ethylphenylamino and 4-methoxyphenylamino (R)-1-{3-[4-(substituted)-2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-yl]propanamido}-3-methylbutylboronic acids (3 c and 3 d, respectively), and these derivatives showed inhibition constants (Ki ) of 17 and 20 nM, respectively. In addition, they co-inhibited post glutamyl peptide hydrolase activity (3 c, Ki=2.57 μM; 3 d, Ki=3.81 μM). No inhibition was recorded against the bovine pancreatic α-chymotrypsin, which thus confirms the selectivity towards the target enzyme. Docking studies of 3 c and related inhibitors into the yeast proteasome revealed the structural basis for specificity. The evaluation of growth inhibitory effects against 60 human tumor cell lines was performed at the US National Cancer Institute. Among the selected compounds, 3 c showed 50% growth inhibition (GI50) values at the sub-micromolar level on all cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kety Scarbaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli, 25, 20133 Milano (Italy)
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PET radiotracer [¹⁸F]-P6 selectively targeting COX-1 as a novel biomarker in ovarian cancer: preliminary investigation. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 80:562-568. [PMID: 24832612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), but not COX-2, is expressed at high levels in the early stages of human epithelial ovarian cancer where it seems to play a key role in cancer onset and progression. As a consequence, COX-1 is an ideal biomarker for early ovarian cancer detection. A series of novel fluorinated COX-1-targeted imaging agents derived from P6 was developed by using a highly selective COX-1 inhibitor as a lead compound. Among these new compounds, designed by structural modification of P6, 3-(5-chlorofuran-2-yl)-5-(fluoromethyl)-4-phenylisoxazole ([(18/19)F]-P6) is the most promising derivative [IC50 = 2.0 μM (purified oCOX-1) and 1.37 μM (hOVCAR-3 cell COX-1)]. Its tosylate precursor was also prepared and, a method for radio[(18)F]chemistry was developed and optimized. The radiochemistry was carried out using a carrier-free K(18)F/Kryptofix 2.2.2 complex, that afforded [(18)F]-P6 in good radiochemical yield (18%) and high purity (>95%). In vivo PET/CT imaging data showed that the radiotracer [(18)F]-P6 was selectively taken up by COX-1-expressing ovarian carcinoma (OVCAR 3) tumor xenografts as compared with the normal leg muscle. Our results suggest that [(18)F]-P6 might be an useful radiotracer in preclinical and clinical settings for in vivo PET-CT imaging of tissues that express elevated levels of COX-1.
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Scarbaci K, Troiano V, Micale N, Ettari R, Tamborini L, Di Giovanni C, Cerchia C, Grasso S, Novellino E, Schirmeister T, Lavecchia A, Zappalà M. Identification of a new series of amides as non-covalent proteasome inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 76:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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28
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Vitale P, Perrone MG, Malerba P, Lavecchia A, Scilimati A. Selective COX-1 inhibition as a target of theranostic novel diarylisoxazoles. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:606-18. [PMID: 24531199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase(COX)-1 role in some diseases is increasingly studied. 3-(5-Chlorofuran-2-yl)-5-methyl-4-phenylisoxazole (P6), a highly selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor, was used as a "lead" to design new isoxazoles (2a-m), differently selective towards COX-1. Those isoxazoles might be useful as novel theranostic agents and also to better clarify COX-1 role in the human physiology and diseases. 2a-m were prepared in fair to good yields developing suitable synthetic strategies. They were evaluated in vitro for their COX-inhibitory activity and selectivity. Structure-activity relationship studies of the novel set of diarylisoxazoles allowed to identify new key determinants for COX-1 selectivity, and to uncover compounds appropriate for a deep pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigation. 3-(5-Chlorofuran-2yl)-4-phenylisoxazol-5-amine (2f) was the most active compound of the series, its inhibitory activity was assessed in purified enzyme (COX-1 IC₅₀ = 1.1 μM; COX-2 IC₅₀ > 50 μM) and in the ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3) expressing only COX-1 (IC₅₀ = 0.58 μM). Furthermore, the high inhibitory potency of 2f was rationalized through docking simulations in terms of interactions with a crystallographic model of the COX-1 binding site. We found critical interactions between the inhibitor and constriction residues R120 and Y355 at the base of the active site, as well as with S530 at the top of the side pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitale
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Malerba
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Weidauer M, Irran E, Enthaler S. Exploring the reactivity of dimethylzinc with fluorine substituted 1-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-ols. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Vitale P, Tacconelli S, Perrone MG, Malerba P, Simone L, Scilimati A, Lavecchia A, Dovizio M, Marcantoni E, Bruno A, Patrignani P. Synthesis, Pharmacological Characterization, and Docking Analysis of a Novel Family of Diarylisoxazoles as Highly Selective Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4277-99. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vitale
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze
del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze
del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Malerba
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze
del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Laura Simone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze
del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze
del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, “Drug
Discovery” Laboratory, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131
Napoli, Italy
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Development of peptidomimetic boronates as proteasome inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 64:23-34. [PMID: 23639651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome inhibition has emerged over the past decade as an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. It is a multicatalytic complex, whose proteolytic activity relies in three types of subunits: chymotrypsin-like (β5), trypsin-like (β2) and caspase-like (β1). Most important for the development of effective antitumor agents is the inhibition of the β5 subunits. In this context, the dipeptide boronate bortezomib (Velcade(®)) represents the first proteasome inhibitor approved by the FDA and the lead compound in drug discovery. This paper describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of conformationally constrained pseudopeptide boronates (1-3) structurally related to bortezomib. The synthesized compounds showed a promising inhibitory profile by blocking primarily the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome with Ki values in submicromolar/micromolar range. These compounds also resulted quite selective since no significant inhibition was recorded in the test against bovine pancreatic α-chymotrypsin. The obtained results were rationalized by means of docking experiments based on a model of the crystal structure of bortezomib bound to the yeast 20S proteasome providing essential insights for further optimization of this class of inhibitors.
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