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Li M, Chen F, Yang Q, Tang Q, Xiao Z, Tong X, Zhang Y, Lei L, Li S. Biomaterial-Based CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery Systems for Tumor Treatment. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0023. [PMID: 38694229 PMCID: PMC11062511 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology is characterized by high specificity and efficiency, and has been applied to the treatment of human diseases, especially tumors involving multiple genetic modifications. However, the clinical application of CRISPR/Cas9 still faces some major challenges, the most urgent of which is the development of optimized delivery vectors. Biomaterials are currently the best choice for use in CRISPR/Cas9 delivery vectors owing to their tunability, biocompatibility, and efficiency. As research on biomaterial vectors continues to progress, hope for the application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for clinical oncology therapy builds. In this review, we first detail the CRISPR/Cas9 system and its potential applications in tumor therapy. Then, we introduce the different delivery forms and compare the physical, viral, and non-viral vectors. In addition, we analyze the characteristics of different types of biomaterial vectors. We further review recent research progress in the use of biomaterials as vectors for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery to treat specific tumors. Finally, we summarize the shortcomings and prospects of biomaterial-based CRISPR/Cas9 delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Fenglei Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses,
Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zian Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xinying Tong
- Department of Hemodialysis, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Institute of Translational Medicine,
Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital,
Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
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2
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Hyder A, Ali A, Buledi JA, Memon AA, Iqbal M, Bangalni TH, Solangi AR, Thebo KH, Akhtar J. Nanodiamonds: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Enhancing Biomedical Therapies and Diagnostics in Biosensing. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400006. [PMID: 38530037 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) have garnered attention in the field of nanomedicine due to their unique properties. This review offers a comprehensive overview of NDs synthesis methods, properties, and their uses in biomedical applications. Various synthesis techniques, such as detonation, high-pressure, high-temperature, and chemical vapor deposition, offer distinct advantages in tailoring NDs' size, shape, and surface properties. Surface modification methods further enhance NDs' biocompatibility and enable the attachment of bioactive molecules, expanding their applicability in biological systems. NDs serve as promising nanocarriers for drug delivery, showcasing biocompatibility and the ability to encapsulate therapeutic agents for targeted delivery. Additionally, NDs demonstrate potential in cancer treatment through hyperthermic therapy and vaccine enhancement for improved immune responses. Functionalization of NDs facilitates their utilization in biosensors for sensitive biomolecule detection, aiding in precise diagnostics and rapid detection of infectious diseases. This review underscores the multifaceted role of NDs in advancing biomedical applications. By synthesizing NDs through various methods and modifying their surfaces, researchers can tailor their properties for specific biomedical needs. The ability of NDs to serve as efficient drug delivery vehicles holds promise for targeted therapy, while their applications in hyperthermic therapy and vaccine enhancement offer innovative approaches to cancer treatment and immunization. Furthermore, the integration of NDs into biosensors enhances diagnostic capabilities, enabling rapid and sensitive detection of biomolecules and infectious diseases. Overall, the diverse functionalities of NDs underscore their potential as valuable tools in nanomedicine, paving the way for advancements in healthcare and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hyder
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering (IPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100F190, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jamil A Buledi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ali Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur KPK, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Talib Hussain Bangalni
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Amber R Solangi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Hussain Thebo
- Institute of Metal Research (IMR), Chinese Academy of Science, 2 Wenhua Rood, Shenyang, China
- Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
| | - Javeed Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry Mirpur, University of Science and Technology (MUST), 10250 (AJK), Mirpur, Pakistan
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3
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Xu J, Chow EKH. Biomedical applications of nanodiamonds: From drug-delivery to diagnostics. SLAS Technol 2023; 28:214-222. [PMID: 37004790 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have great potential to address many unmet clinical and biomedical needs. Nanodiamonds, as a class of carbon nanoparticles with unique properties, may be useful towards a versatile range of biomedical applications from drug delivery to diagnostics. This review describes how these properties of nanodiamonds facilitate their application in different fields of biomedicine, including delivery of chemotherapy drugs, peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and biosensors. Additionally, clinical potential of nanodiamonds, with studies in both preclinical and clinical stages, is also reviewed here, highlighting the translational potential of nanodiamonds in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Xu
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore
| | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 117599 Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore; The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583 Singapore; The Institute for Digital Medicine (WisDM), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117456 Singapore.
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4
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Chien Y, Hsiao YJ, Chou SJ, Lin TY, Yarmishyn AA, Lai WY, Lee MS, Lin YY, Lin TW, Hwang DK, Lin TC, Chiou SH, Chen SJ, Yang YP. Nanoparticles-mediated CRISPR-Cas9 gene therapy in inherited retinal diseases: applications, challenges, and emerging opportunities. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:511. [DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01717-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractInherited Retinal Diseases (IRDs) are considered one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. However, the majority of them still lack a safe and effective treatment due to their complexity and genetic heterogeneity. Recently, gene therapy is gaining importance as an efficient strategy to address IRDs which were previously considered incurable. The development of the clustered regularly-interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has strongly empowered the field of gene therapy. However, successful gene modifications rely on the efficient delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 components into the complex three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the human retinal tissue. Intriguing findings in the field of nanoparticles (NPs) meet all the criteria required for CRISPR-Cas9 delivery and have made a great contribution toward its therapeutic applications. In addition, exploiting induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and in vitro 3D retinal organoids paved the way for prospective clinical trials of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in treating IRDs. This review highlights important advances in NP-based gene therapy, the CRISPR-Cas9 system, and iPSC-derived retinal organoids with a focus on IRDs. Collectively, these studies establish a multidisciplinary approach by integrating nanomedicine and stem cell technologies and demonstrate the utility of retina organoids in developing effective therapies for IRDs.
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Ghaemi A, Bagheri E, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. CRISPR-cas9 genome editing delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy. Life Sci 2020; 267:118969. [PMID: 33385410 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas systems could be applied as revolutionized genome editing tool in live cells of various species to modify, visualize and identify definite sequences of DNA and RNA. CRISPR-Cas could edit the genome by homology-directed repair and non-homologous end joining mechanisms. Furthermore, DNA-targeting modification by CRISPR-Cas methodology provides opportunity for diagnosis, therapy and the genetic disorders investigation. Here, we summarized delivery systems employed for CRISPR-Cas9 for genome editing. Then preclinical studies of the CRISPR-Cas9-based therapeutics will be discussed considering the associated challenges and developments in its translation to clinic for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Ghaemi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Bagheri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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6
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Yakovlev RY, Mingalev PG, Leonidov NB, Lisichkin GV. Detonation Nanodiamonds as Promising Drug Carriers. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Yang TC, Chang CY, Yarmishyn AA, Mao YS, Yang YP, Wang ML, Hsu CC, Yang HY, Hwang DK, Chen SJ, Tsai ML, Lai YH, Tzeng Y, Chang CC, Chiou SH. Carboxylated nanodiamond-mediated CRISPR-Cas9 delivery of human retinoschisis mutation into human iPSCs and mouse retina. Acta Biomater 2020; 101:484-494. [PMID: 31672582 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are considered to be relatively safe carbon nanomaterials used for the transmission of DNA, proteins and drugs. The feasibility of utilizing the NDs to deliver CRISPR-Cas9 system for gene editing has not been clearly studied. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to use NDs as the carriers of CRISPR-Cas9 components designed to introduce the mutation in RS1 gene associated with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS). ND particles with a diameter of 3 nm were functionalized by carboxylation of the surface and covalently conjugated with fluorescent mCherry protein. Two linear DNA constructs were attached to the conjugated mCherry: one encoded Cas9 endonuclease and GFP reporter, another encoded sgRNA and contained insert of HDR template designed to introduce RS1 c.625C>T mutation. Such nanoparticles were successfully delivered and internalized by human iPSCs and mouse retinas, the efficiency of internalization was significantly improved by mixing with BSA. The delivery of ND particles led to introduction of RS1 c.625C>T mutation in both human iPSCs and mouse retinas. Rs1 gene editing in mouse retinas resulted in several pathological features typical for XLRS, such as aberrant photoreceptor structure. To conclude, our ND-based CRISPR-Cas9 delivery system can be utilized as a tool for creating in vitro and in vivo disease models of XLRS. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is a prevalent hereditary retinal disease, which is caused by mutations in RS1 gene, whose product is important for structural organization of the retina. The recent development of genome editing techniques such as CRISPR-Cas9 significantly improved the prospects for better understanding the pathology and development of treatment for this disease. Firstly, gene editing can allow development of appropriate in vitro and in vivo disease models; secondly, CRISPR-Cas9 can be applied for gene therapy by removing the disease-causative mutation in vivo. The major prerequisite for these approaches is to develop safe and efficient CRISPR-Cas9 delivery system. In this study, we tested specifically modified nanodiamonds for such a delivery system. We were able to introduce Rs1 mutation into the mouse retina and, importantly, observed several XLRS-specific effects.
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Lam ATN, Yoon JH, Ly NH, Joo SW. Electrostatically Self-assembled Quinazoline-based Anticancer Drugs on Negatively-charged Nanodiamonds for Overcoming the Chemoresistances in Lung Cancer Cells. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-017-2209-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Fluorescent nanodiamonds engage innate immune effector cells: A potential vehicle for targeted anti-tumor immunotherapy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 13:909-920. [PMID: 27993723 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are nontoxic, infinitely photostable, and emit fluorescence in the near infrared region. Natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes are part of the innate immune system and are crucial to the control of carcinogenesis. FND-mediated stimulation of these cells may serve as a strategy to enhance anti-tumor activity. FNDs were fabricated with a diameter of 70±28 nm. Innate immune cell FND uptake, viability, surface marker expression, and cytokine production were evaluated in vitro. Evaluation of fluorescence emission from the FNDs was conducted in an animal model. In vitro results demonstrated that treatment of immune cells with FNDs resulted in significant dose-dependent FND uptake, no compromise in cell viability, and immune cell activation. FNDs were visualized in an animal model. Hence, FNDs may serve as novel agents with "track and trace" capabilities to stimulate innate immune cell anti-tumor responses, especially as FNDs are amenable to surface-conjugation with immunomodulatory molecules.
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10
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Combinatorial nanodiamond in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:41-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lim DG, Jung JH, Ko HW, Kang E, Jeong SH. Paclitaxel-Nanodiamond Nanocomplexes Enhance Aqueous Dispersibility and Drug Retention in Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23558-23567. [PMID: 27547845 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) with 5 nm crystalline structures have been recognized as emerging carbon delivery vehicles due to their biocompatible inertness, high surface-to-volume ratio, and energy absorbance properties. In this study, carboxylated nanodiamond (ND-COOH) was reduced to hydroxylated nanodiamond (ND-OH) for stable and pH-independent colloidal dispersity. The poorly water-soluble paclitaxel (PTX) was physically loaded into ND-OH clusters, forming amorphous PTX nanostructure on the interparticle nanocage of the ND substrate. Stable physical PTX loading onto the ND substrate with stable colloidal stability showed enhanced PTX release. ND-OH/PTX complexes retained the sustained release of PTX by up to 97.32% at 70 h, compared with the 47.33% release of bare crystalline PTX. Enhanced PTX release from ND substrate showed low cell viability in Hela, MCF-9, and A549 cancer cells due to sustained release and stable dispersity in a biological aqueous environment. Especially, the IC50 values of ND-OH/PTX complexes and PTX in Hela cells were 0.037 μg/mL and 0.137 μg/mL, respectively. Well-dispersed cellular uptake of suprastructure ND-OH/PTX nanocomplexes was directly observed from the TEM images. ND-OH/PTX nanocomplexes assimilated into cells might provide convective diffusion with high PTX concentration, inducing initial necrosis. This study suggests that poorly water-soluble drugs can be formulated into a suprastructure with ND and acts as a highly concentrated drug reservoir directly within a cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Gon Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Wan Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunah Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Chung-Ang University , Seoul 156-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Gyeonggi 410-820, Republic of Korea
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Zhang F, Song Q, Huang X, Li F, Wang K, Tang Y, Hou C, Shen H. A Novel High Mechanical Property PLGA Composite Matrix Loaded with Nanodiamond-Phospholipid Compound for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:1087-1097. [PMID: 26646188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A potential bone tissue engineering material was produced from a biodegradable polymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), loaded with nanodiamond phospholipid compound (NDPC) via physical mixing. On the basis of hydrophobic effects and physical absorption, we modified the original hydrophilic surface of the nanodiamond (NDs) with phospholipids to be amphipathic, forming a typical core-shell structure. The ND-phospholipid weight ratio was optimized to generate sample NDPC50 (i.e., ND-phospholipid weight ratio of 100:50), and NDPC50 was able to be dispersed in a PLGA matrix at up to 20 wt %. Compared to a pure PLGA matrix, the introduction of 10 wt % of NDPC (i.e., sample NDPC50-PF10) resulted in a significant improvement in the material's mechanical and surface properties, including a decrease in the water contact angle from 80 to 55°, an approximately 100% increase in the Young's modulus, and an approximate 550% increase in hardness, thus closely resembling that of human cortical bone. As a novel matrix supporting human osteoblast (hFOB1.19) growth, NDPC50-PFs with different amounts of NDPC50 demonstrated no negative effects on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we focused on the behaviors of NDPC-PFs implanted into mice for 8 weeks and found that NDPC-PFs induced acceptable immune response and can reduce the rapid biodegradation of PLGA matrix. Our results represent the first in vivo research on ND (or NDPC) as nanofillers in a polymer matrix for bone tissue engineering. The high mechanical properties, good in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, and increased mineralization capability suggest that biodegradable PLGA composite matrices loaded with NDPC may potentially be useful for a variety of biomedical applications, especially bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming, China
| | - Qingxin Song
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Fengning Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Yixing Tang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Canglong Hou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University , Shanghai, China
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Harvey S, Martínez-Moreno CG, Luna M, Arámburo C. Autocrine/paracrine roles of extrapituitary growth hormone and prolactin in health and disease: An overview. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 220:103-11. [PMID: 25448258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) are both endocrines that are synthesized and released from the pituitary gland into systemic circulation. Both are therefore hormones and both have numerous physiological roles mediated through a myriad of target sites and both have pathophysiological consequences when present in excess or deficiency. GH or PRL gene expression is not, however, confined to the anterior pituitary gland and it occurs widely in many of their central and peripheral sites of action. This may reflect "leaky gene" phenomena and the fact that all cells have the potential to express every gene that is present in their genome. However, the presence of GH or PRL receptors in these extrapituitary sites of GH and PRL production suggests that they are autocrine or paracrine sites of GH and PRL action. These local actions often occur prior to the ontogeny of pituitary somatotrophs and lactotrophs and they may complement or differ from the roles of their pituitary counterparts. Many of these local actions are also of physiological significance, since they are impaired by a blockade of local GH or PRL production or by an antagonism of local GH or PRL action. These local actions may also be of pathophysiological significance, since autocrine or paracrine actions of GH and PRL are thought to be causally involved in a number of disease states, particularly in cancer. Autocrine GH for instance, is thought to be more oncogenic than pituitary GH and selective targeting of the autocrine moiety may provide a therapeutic approach to prevent tumor progression. In summary, GH and PRL are not just endocrine hormones, as they have autocrine and/or paracrine roles in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Harvey
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | | | - Maricela Luna
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Celular y Molecular Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro. 76230, Mexico
| | - Carlos Arámburo
- Departamento de Neurobiología, Celular y Molecular Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Qro. 76230, Mexico
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Montalti M, Cantelli A, Battistelli G. Nanodiamonds and silicon quantum dots: ultrastable and biocompatible luminescent nanoprobes for long-term bioimaging. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4853-921. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00486h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-stability and low-toxicity of silicon quantum dots and fluorescent nanodiamonds for long-termin vitroandin vivobioimaging are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Montalti
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - A. Cantelli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - G. Battistelli
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”
- University of Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
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15
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Lale SV, Kumar A, Naz F, Bharti AC, Koul V. Multifunctional ATRP based pH responsive polymeric nanoparticles for improved doxorubicin chemotherapy in breast cancer by proton sponge effect/endo-lysosomal escape. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01698j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Folic acid and trastuzumab functionalized pH responsive polymeric nanoparticles for intracellular doxorubicin delivery in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu V. Lale
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110016
- India
- Biomedical Engineering Unit
| | - Arun Kumar
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110016
- India
- Biomedical Engineering Unit
| | - Farhat Naz
- Department of Pathology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi 110029
- India
| | - Alok C. Bharti
- Division of Molecular Oncology
- Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology
- Noida 201301
- India
| | - Veena Koul
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
- New Delhi 110016
- India
- Biomedical Engineering Unit
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