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Schleser SW, Ghosh H, Hörner G, Seib J, Bhattacharyya S, Weber B, Schobert R, Dandawate P, Biersack B. New 4,5-Diarylimidazol-2-ylidene-iodidogold(I) Complexes with High Activity against Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5738. [PMID: 36982817 PMCID: PMC10052191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the vascular-disrupting agent combretastatin A-4 and recently published anticancer active N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of Au(I), a series of new iodidogold(I)-NHC complexes was synthesized and characterized. The iodidogold(I) complexes were synthesized by a route involving van Leusen imidazole formation and N-alkylation, followed by complexation with Ag2O, transmetalation with chloro(dimethylsulfide)gold(I) [Au(DMS)Cl], and anion exchange with KI. The target complexes were characterized by IR spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The structure of 6c was validated via single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A preliminary anticancer screening of the complexes using two esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines showed promising nanomolar activities for certain iodidogold(I) complexes accompanied with apoptosis induction, as well as c-Myc and cyclin D1 suppression in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells treated with the most promising derivative 6b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian W. Schleser
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Hindole Ghosh
- Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jonathan Seib
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sangita Bhattacharyya
- Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Birgit Weber
- Inorganic Chemistry IV, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Prasad Dandawate
- Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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3
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Neshat A, Akbari-Birgani S, Cheraghi M, Gilanchi S, Reza Yousefshahi M. A novel heteroleptic N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I)-borate complex: synthesis, DFT analysis and cytotoxicity studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Galassi R, Luciani L, Wang J, Vincenzetti S, Cui L, Amici A, Pucciarelli S, Marchini C. Breast Cancer Treatment: The Case of Gold(I)-Based Compounds as a Promising Class of Bioactive Molecules. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010080. [PMID: 35053228 PMCID: PMC8774004 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers (BCs) may present dramatic diagnoses, both for ineffective therapies and for the limited outcomes in terms of lifespan. For these types of tumors, the search for new drugs is a primary necessity. It is widely recognized that gold compounds are highly active and extremely potent as anticancer agents against many cancer cell lines. The presence of the metal plays an essential role in the activation of the cytotoxicity of these coordination compounds, whose activity, if restricted to the ligands alone, would be non-existent. On the other hand, gold exhibits a complex biochemistry, substantially variable depending on the chemical environments around the central metal. In this review, the scientific findings of the last 6–7 years on two classes of gold(I) compounds, containing phosphane or carbene ligands, are reviewed. In addition to this class of Au(I) compounds, the recent developments in the application of Auranofin in regards to BCs are reported. Auranofin is a triethylphosphine-thiosugar compound that, being a drug approved by the FDA—therefore extensively studied—is an interesting lead gold compound and a good comparison to understand the activities of structurally related Au(I) compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Galassi
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Luciani
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Junbiao Wang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (J.W.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Vincenzetti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (J.W.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Lishan Cui
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (J.W.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Augusto Amici
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (J.W.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefania Pucciarelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (J.W.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Cristina Marchini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (J.W.); (S.V.); (L.C.); (A.A.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: (R.G.); (C.M.)
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Annunziata A, Ferraro G, Cucciolito ME, Imbimbo P, Tuzi A, Monti DM, Merlino A, Ruffo F. Halo complexes of gold( i) containing glycoconjugate carbene ligands: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and interaction with proteins and DNA model systems. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10475-10485. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00423b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New neutral Au(i) glycoconjugate carbene complexes show stability in aqueous solutions and interact with both DNA and protein model systems. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrate that the activity depends on the halide ancillary ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Annunziata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Cucciolito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Ruffo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 21, 80126, Napoli, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario di Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC), Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126, Bari, Italy
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6
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Paidakula S, Nerella S, Kankala S, Kankala RK. Recent Trends in Tubulin-Binding Combretastatin A-4 Analogs for Anticancer Drug Development. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:3748-3773. [PMID: 34856892 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211202101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although significant progress over several decades has been evidenced in cancer therapy, there still remains a need for the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies to treat several relapsed and intractable cancers. In this regard, tubulin protein has become one of the efficient and major targets for anticancer drug discovery. Considering the antimitotic ability, several tubulin inhibitors have been developed to act against various cancers. Among various tubulin inhibitors available, combretastatin-A4 (CA-4), a naturally occurring lead molecule, offers exceptional cytotoxicity (including the drug-resistant cell lines) and antivascular effects. Although CA-4 offers exceptional therapeutic efficacy, several new advancements have been proposed, such as the structural modification via A and B rings, as well as cis-olefinic bridging, which provide highly efficient analogs with improved tubulin-binding efficiency to meet the anticancer drug development requirements. This review systematically emphasizes the recent trends and latest developments in the anticancer drug design & discovery, using CA-4 analogs as the tubulin inhibiting agents, highlighting their structure-activity relationships (SAR) and resultant pharmacological efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Paidakula
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana State. India
| | - Srinivas Nerella
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana State. India
| | - Shravankumar Kankala
- Department of Chemistry, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, Telangana State. India
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7
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N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Gold(I) Complexes Targeting Actin Polymerization. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11125626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes are attracting attention because of their various chemical and biological properties. In particular, the NHC-gold complexes represent a productive field of research in medicinal chemistry, mostly as anticancer tools, displaying a broad range of targets. In addition to the already known biological targets, recently, an important activity in the organization of the cell cytoskeleton was discovered. In this paper, we demonstrated that two NHC-gold complexes (namely AuL4 and AuL7) possessing good anticancer activity and multi-target properties, as stated in our previous studies, play a major role in regulating the actin polymerization, by the means of in silico and in vitro assays. Using immunofluorescence and direct enzymatic assays, we proved that both the complexes inhibited the actin polymerization reaction without promoting the depolymerization of actin filaments. Our outcomes may contribute toward deepening the knowledge of NHC-gold complexes, with the objective of producing more effective and safer drugs for treating cancer diseases.
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8
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Abbasi M, Yaqoob M, Haque RA, Iqbal MA. Potential of Gold Candidates against Human Colon Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:69-78. [PMID: 32767935 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200807130721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Development of novel metallodrugs with pharmacological profile plays a significant role in modern medicinal chemistry and drug design. Metal complexes have shown remarkable clinical results in current cancer therapy. Gold complexes have attained attention due to their high antiproliferative potential. Gold-based drugs are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Gold-containing compounds with selective and specific targets are capable to assuage the symptoms of a range of human diseases. Gold (I) species with labile ligands (such as Cl in TEPAuCl) interact with isolated DNA; therefore, this biomolecule has been considered as a target for gold drugs. Gold (I) has a high affinity towards sulfur and selenium. Due to this, gold (I) drugs readily interact with cysteine or selenocysteine residue of the enzyme to form protein-gold(I) thiolate or protein-gold (I) selenolate complexes that lead to inhibition of the enzyme activity. Au(III) compounds due to their square-planner geometriesthe same as found in cisplatin, represent a good source for the development of anti-tumor agents. This article aims to review the most important applications of gold products in the treatment of human colon cancer and to analyze the complex interplay between gold and the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvish Abbasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Munazzah Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Rosenani A Haque
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800-USM, Penang, Malaysia
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9
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Gallati CM, Goetzfried SK, Ortmeier A, Sagasser J, Wurst K, Hermann M, Baecker D, Kircher B, Gust R. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of bis[3-ethyl-4-aryl-5-(2-methoxypyridin-5-yl)-1-propyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-ylidene]gold(i) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:4270-4279. [PMID: 33688890 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03902k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of bis[3-ethyl-4-aryl-5-(2-methoxypyridin-5-yl)-1-propyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-ylidene]gold(i) complexes (2a-f) containing methyl, fluoro or methoxy substituents at various positions in the 4-aryl ring was synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer properties in A2780 (wild-type and Cisplatin-resistant) ovarian carcinoma as well as LAMA 84 (imatinib-sensitive and -resistant) and HL-60 leukemia cell lines. The bis-NHC gold(i) complexes were more active compared to their related mono-NHC gold(i) analogues and reduced proliferation and metabolic activity in a low micromolar range. With the exception of 2d (3-F), the compounds displayed higher potency than the established drugs Auranofin and Cisplatin. The lack of effects against non-cancerous lung fibroblast SV-80 cells indicated a high selectivity towards tumor cells. All tested complexes generated reactive oxygen species in A2780cis cells; however, the induction of apoptosis was very low. Furthermore, thioredoxin reductase is not the main target of these complexes, because its inhibition pattern did not correlate with their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Marie Gallati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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10
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Bär SI, Gold M, Schleser SW, Rehm T, Bär A, Köhler L, Carnell LR, Biersack B, Schobert R. Guided Antitumoural Drugs: (Imidazol-2-ylidene)(L)gold(I) Complexes Seeking Cellular Targets Controlled by the Nature of Ligand L. Chemistry 2021; 27:5003-5010. [PMID: 33369765 PMCID: PMC7986617 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Three [1,3-diethyl-4-(p-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene](L)gold(I) complexes, 4 a (L=Cl), 5 a (L=PPh3 ), and 6 a (L=same N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)), and their fluorescent [4-(anthracen-9-yl)-1,3-diethyl-5-phenylimidazol-2-ylidene](L)gold(I) analogues, 4 b, 5 b, and 6 b, respectively, were studied for their localisation and effects in cancer cells. Despite their identical NHC ligands, the last three accumulated in different compartments of melanoma cells, namely, the nucleus (4 b), mitochondria (5 b), or lysosomes (6 b). Ligand L was also more decisive for the site of accumulation than the NHC ligand because the couples 4 a/4 b, 5 a/5 b, and 6 a/6 b, carrying different NHC ligands, afforded similar results in cytotoxicity tests, and tests on targets typically found at their sites of accumulation, such as DNA in nuclei, reactive oxygen species and thioredoxin reductase in mitochondria, and lysosomal membranes. Regardless of the site of accumulation, cancer cell apoptosis was eventually induced. The concept of guiding a bioactive complex fragment to a particular subcellular target by secondary ligand L could reduce unwanted side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia I. Bär
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Madeleine Gold
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Sebastian W. Schleser
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Tobias Rehm
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Alexander Bär
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Leonhard Köhler
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Lucas R. Carnell
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity BayreuthUniversitaetsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
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11
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Utilisation of Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane as a Model Platform for Imaging-Navigated Biomedical Research. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020463. [PMID: 33671534 PMCID: PMC7926796 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fertilised chick egg and particularly its chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) have drawn continuing interest in biomedicine and bioengineering fields, especially for research on vascular study, cancer, drug screening and development, cell factors, stem cells, etc. This literature review systemically introduces the CAM's structural evolution, functions, vascular features and the circulation system, and cell regulatory factors. It also presents the major and updated applications of the CAM in assays for pharmacokinetics and biodistribution, drug efficacy and toxicology testing/screening in preclinical pharmacological research. The time course of CAM applications for different assays and their advantages and limitations are summarised. Among these applications, two aspects are emphasised: (1) potential utility of the CAM for preclinical studies on vascular-disrupting agents (VDAs), promising for anti-cancer vascular-targeted therapy, and (2) modern imaging technologies, including modalities and their applications for real-time visualisation, monitoring and evaluation of the changes in CAM vasculature as well as the interactions occurring after introducing the tested medical, pharmaceutical and biological agents into the system. The aim of this article is to help those working in the biomedical field to familiarise themselves with the chick embryo CAM as an alternative platform and to utilise it to design and optimise experimental settings for their specific research topics.
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12
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Goetzfried SK, Gallati CM, Cziferszky M, Talmazan RA, Wurst K, Liedl KR, Podewitz M, Gust R. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Gold(I) Complexes: Mechanism of the Ligand Scrambling Reaction and Their Oxidation to Gold(III) in Aqueous Solutions. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15312-15323. [PMID: 33006470 PMCID: PMC7581288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) gold(I) complexes offer great
prospects in medicinal chemistry as antiproliferative, anticancer,
and antibacterial agents. However, further development requires a
thorough understanding of their reaction behavior in aqueous media.
Herein, we report the conversion of the bromido[3-ethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyridin-5-yl)-1-propylimidazol-2-ylidene]gold(I)
((NHC)AuIBr, 1) complex in acetonitrile/water
mixtures to the bis[3-ethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyridin-5-yl)-1-propylimidazol-2-ylidene]gold(I)
([(NHC)2AuI]+, 7), which
is subsequently oxidized to the dibromidobis[3-ethyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-methoxypyridin-5-yl)-1-propylimidazol-2-ylidene]gold(III)
([(NHC)2AuIIIBr2]+, 9). By combining experimental data from HPLC, NMR, and (LC-)/HR-MS
with computational results from DFT calculations, we outline a detailed
ligand scrambling reaction mechanism. The key step is the formation
of the stacked ((NHC)AuIBr)2 dimer (2) that rearranges to the T-shaped intermediate Br(NHC)2AuI–AuIBr (3). The dissociation
of Br– from 3 and recombination lead
to (NHC)2AuI–AuIBr2 (5) followed by the separation into [(NHC)2AuI]+ (7) and [AuIBr2]− (8). [AuIBr2]− is not stable in an aqueous environment
and degrades in an internal redox reaction to Au0 and Br2. The latter in turn oxidizes 7 to the gold(III)
species 9. The reported ligand rearrangement of the (NHC)AuIBr complex differs from that found for related silver(I) analogous.
A detailed understanding of this scrambling mechanism is of utmost
importance for the interpretation of their biological activity and
will help to further optimize them for biomedical and other applications. By means of experimental data from HPLC
and (LC-)MS in combination with DFT calculations, we present a detailed
mechanism for the ligand scrambling reaction of (NHC)AuIBr to the corresponding [(NHC)2AuI]+ complex and the oxidation to the [(NHC)2AuIIIBr2]+ species in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina K Goetzfried
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Caroline M Gallati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Monika Cziferszky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Radu A Talmazan
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Klaus R Liedl
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Maren Podewitz
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
| | - Ronald Gust
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Tyrol 6020, Austria
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Guarra F, Terenzi A, Pirker C, Passannante R, Baier D, Zangrando E, Gómez‐Vallejo V, Biver T, Gabbiani C, Berger W, Llop J, Salassa L. 124 I Radiolabeling of a Au III -NHC Complex for In Vivo Biodistribution Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17130-17136. [PMID: 32633820 PMCID: PMC7540067 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
AuIII complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have shown remarkable potential as anticancer agents, yet their fate in vivo has not been thoroughly examined and understood. Reported herein is the synthesis of new AuIII -NHC complexes by direct oxidation with radioactive [124 I]I2 as a valuable strategy to monitor the in vivo biodistribution of this class of compounds using positron emission tomography (PET). While in vitro analyses provide direct evidence for the importance of AuIII -to-AuI reduction to achieve full anticancer activity, in vivo studies reveal that a fraction of the AuIII -NHC prodrug is not immediately reduced after administration but able to reach the major organs before metabolic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Guarra
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial ChemistryUniversity of PisaVia G. Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Donostia International Physics CenterPaseo M. Lardizabal 420018DonostiaSpain
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologiesUniversity of PalermoViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790128PalermoItaly
| | - Christine Pirker
- Department of Medicine IInstitute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8a1090ViennaAustria
| | - Rossana Passannante
- CIC biomaGUNEBasque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 18220014DonostiaSpain
| | - Dina Baier
- Department of Medicine IInstitute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8a1090ViennaAustria
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryFaculty of Chemistry University of ViennaWaehringerstrasse 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Triestevia Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Vanessa Gómez‐Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNEBasque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 18220014DonostiaSpain
| | - Tarita Biver
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial ChemistryUniversity of PisaVia G. Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Pisavia Bonanno 656126PisaItaly
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial ChemistryUniversity of PisaVia G. Moruzzi 1356124PisaItaly
| | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine IInstitute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University ViennaBorschkegasse 8a1090ViennaAustria
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNEBasque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA)Paseo de Miramón 18220014DonostiaSpain
| | - Luca Salassa
- Donostia International Physics CenterPaseo M. Lardizabal 420018DonostiaSpain
- Kimika FakultateaEuskal Herriko UnibertsitateaUPV/EHU20080DonostiaSpain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for Science48013BilbaoSpain
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14
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Guarra F, Terenzi A, Pirker C, Passannante R, Baier D, Zangrando E, Gómez‐Vallejo V, Biver T, Gabbiani C, Berger W, Llop J, Salassa L. 124
I Radiolabeling of a Au
III
‐NHC Complex for In Vivo Biodistribution Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Guarra
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Donostia International Physics Center Paseo M. Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia Spain
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Christine Pirker
- Department of Medicine I Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University Vienna Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Rossana Passannante
- CIC biomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 20014 Donostia Spain
| | - Dina Baier
- Department of Medicine I Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University Vienna Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University of Vienna Waehringerstrasse 42 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste via Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Vanessa Gómez‐Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 20014 Donostia Spain
| | - Tarita Biver
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
- Department of Pharmacy University of Pisa via Bonanno 6 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine I Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University Vienna Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Paseo de Miramón 182 20014 Donostia Spain
| | - Luca Salassa
- Donostia International Physics Center Paseo M. Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia Spain
- Kimika Fakultatea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU 20080 Donostia Spain
- Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science 48013 Bilbao Spain
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15
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Zhang C, Fortin PY, Barnoin G, Qin X, Wang X, Fernandez Alvarez A, Bijani C, Maddelein ML, Hemmert C, Cuvillier O, Gornitzka H. An Artemisinin-Derivative-(NHC)Gold(I) Hybrid with Enhanced Cytotoxicity through Inhibition of NRF2 Transcriptional Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12062-12068. [PMID: 32304346 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A family of hybrid complexes combining two biologically active motifs, an artemisinin derivative and a cationic bis(NHC)-gold(I) unit, has been synthesized. One of these complexes, 2 a, has been analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. 2 a shows strong anticancer activities on a large panel of human cancer cell models (prostate, breast, lung, liver, bladder, bone, acute and chronic myeloid leukemias) with GI50 values in the nm range, together with a high selectivity. An original and distinctive mechanism of action, that is, through inhibition of the redox antioxidant NRF2 transcription factor (strongly associated with aggressiveness and resistance to cancer therapies) has been evidenced. 2 a could remarkably sensitize to sorafenib in HepG2 liver cells, in which dysregulated NRF2 signaling is linked to primary and acquired drug resistance. 2 a also inhibited NF-κB and HIF transcriptional activities, which are also associated with progression and resistance in cancer. Our findings provide evidence that hybrid (NHC)gold(I) compounds represent a new class of organometallic hybrid molecules that may yield new therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.,Present address: Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Pierre-Yves Fortin
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Xue Qin
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Xing Wang
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Lise Maddelein
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Olivier Cuvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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16
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Zhang C, Fortin P, Barnoin G, Qin X, Wang X, Fernandez Alvarez A, Bijani C, Maddelein M, Hemmert C, Cuvillier O, Gornitzka H. An Artemisinin‐Derivative–(NHC)Gold(I) Hybrid with Enhanced Cytotoxicity through Inhibition of NRF2 Transcriptional Activity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
- Present address: Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pierre‐Yves Fortin
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | | | - Xue Qin
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | - Xing Wang
- LCC-CNRS Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | | | | | - Marie‐Lise Maddelein
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | | | - Olivier Cuvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale Université de Toulouse CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
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17
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Koko WS, Jentzsch J, Kalie H, Schobert R, Ersfeld K, Al Nasr IS, Khan TA, Biersack B. Evaluation of the antiparasitic activities of imidazol‐2‐ylidene–gold(I) complexes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e1900363. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed S. Koko
- College of Science and Arts in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana Jentzsch
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Hussein Kalie
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Laboratory of Molecular ParasitologyUniversity of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Ibrahim S. Al Nasr
- College of Science and Arts in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
- College of Science and Arts in UnaizahQassim University Unaizah Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq A. Khan
- College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar RassQassim University Ar Rass Saudi Arabia
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18
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Mármol I, Quero J, Rodríguez-Yoldi MJ, Cerrada E. Gold as a Possible Alternative to Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060780. [PMID: 31195711 PMCID: PMC6628079 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing incidence and high mortality associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Classic chemotherapy against CRC is based on oxaliplatin and other cisplatin analogues; however, platinum-based therapy lacks selectivity to cancer cells and leads to deleterious side effects. In addition, tumor resistance to oxaliplatin is related to chemotherapy failure. Gold(I) derivatives are a promising alternative to platinum complexes, since instead of interacting with DNA, they target proteins overexpressed on tumor cells, thus leading to less side effects than, but a comparable antitumor effect to, platinum derivatives. Moreover, given the huge potential of gold nanoparticles, the role of gold in CRC chemotherapy is not limited to gold(I) complexes. Gold nanoparticles have been found to be able to overcome multidrug resistance along with reduced side effects due to a more efficient uptake of classic drugs. Moreover, the use of gold nanoparticles has enhanced the effect of traditional therapies such as radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, or photodynamic therapy, and has displayed a potential role in diagnosis as a consequence of their optic properties. Herein, we have reviewed the most recent advances in the use of gold(I) derivatives and gold nanoparticles in CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Mármol
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, CIBERobn, IIS Aragón IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Javier Quero
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, CIBERobn, IIS Aragón IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Zaragoza, CIBERobn, IIS Aragón IA2, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Elena Cerrada
- Deparment of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Zaragoza, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, University of Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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19
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Schmitt F, Gold M, Rothemund M, Andronache I, Biersack B, Schobert R, Mueller T. New naphthopyran analogues of LY290181 as potential tumor vascular-disrupting agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:160-168. [PMID: 30503940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of 19 analogues of the antiproliferative naphthopyran LY290181 were prepared for structure-activity relationship studies. We found the best activities for test compounds bearing small substituents at the meta position of the phenyl ring. The mode of action of LY290181 and eight new analogues was studied in detail. The compounds were highly anti-proliferative with IC50 values in the sub-nanomolar to triple-digit nanomolar range. The new analogues led to G2/M arrest due to interruption of the microtubule dynamics. In 518A2 melanoma cells they caused a mitotic catastrophe which eventually led to apoptosis. The naphthopyrans also induced a disruption of the vasculature in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs as well as in xenograft tumors in mice. In a preliminary therapy trial, the difluoro derivative 2b retarded the growth of resistant xenograft tumors in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitaetsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Madeleine Gold
- Department of Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitaetsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Rothemund
- Department of Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitaetsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ion Andronache
- University of Bucharest, Research Center for Integrated Analysis and Territorial Management, 4-12, Regina Elisabeta Avenue, Bucharest, 3rd District, 030018, Romania
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Department of Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitaetsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitaetsstrasse 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 06120, Halle, Germany
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20
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Zhang C, Maddelein ML, Wai-Yin Sun R, Gornitzka H, Cuvillier O, Hemmert C. Pharmacomodulation on Gold-NHC complexes for anticancer applications - is lipophilicity the key point? Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:320-332. [PMID: 30099254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of four new mononuclear cationic gold(I) complexes containing nitrogen functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) was synthesized and fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. The X-ray structures of three complexes are presented. These lipophilic gold(I) complexes originate from a pharmacomodulation of previously described gold(I)-NHC complexes, by replacing an aliphatic spacer with an aromatic one. The Log P values of the resulting complexes increased by 0.7-1.5, depending on the substituents in comparison to the aliphatic-linker systems. The new series of complexes has been investigated in vitro for their anti-cancer activities in PC-3 (prostate cancer) and T24 (bladder cancer) cell lines and in the non-cancerous MC3T3 (osteoblast) cell line. All tested complexes show high activities against the cancer cell lines with GI50 values lower than 500 nM. One complex (11) has been selected for further investigations. It has been tested in vitro in six cancer cell lines from different origins (prostate, bladder, lung, bone, liver and breast) and two non-cancerous cell lines (osteoblasts, fibroblasts). Moreover, cellular uptake measurements were indicative of a good bioavailability. By various biochemical assays, this complex was found to effectively inhibit the thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and its cytotoxicity towards prostate PC-3, bladder T24 and liver HepG2 cells was found to be ROS-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Lise Maddelein
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Raymond Wai-Yin Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Olivier Cuvillier
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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21
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Schmitt F, Subramaniam D, Anant S, Padhye S, Begemann G, Schobert R, Biersack B. Halogenated Bis(methoxybenzylidene)-4-piperidone Curcuminoids with Improved Anticancer Activity. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1115-1123. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | | | - Shrikant Anant
- University of Kansas Medical Center; 3901 Rainbow Boulevard Kansas City KS 66160 USA
| | - Subhash Padhye
- University of Kansas Medical Center; 3901 Rainbow Boulevard Kansas City KS 66160 USA
| | - Gerrit Begemann
- Developmental Biology; University of Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bayreuth; Universitätsstraße 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
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22
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Zou T, Lok CN, Wan PK, Zhang ZF, Fung SK, Che CM. Anticancer metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of gold, platinum and palladium. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 43:30-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Porchia M, Pellei M, Marinelli M, Tisato F, Del Bello F, Santini C. New insights in Au-NHCs complexes as anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 146:709-746. [PMID: 29407992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Within the research field of antitumor metal-based agents alternative to platinum drugs, gold(I/III) coordination complexes have always been in the forefront due mainly to the familiarity of medicinal chemists with gold compounds, whose application in medicine goes back in the ancient times, and to the rich chemistry shown by this metal. In the last decade, N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (NHC), a class of ligands that largely resembles the chemical properties of phosphines, became of interest for gold(I) medicinal applications, and since then, the research on NHC-gold(I/III) coordination complexes as potential antiproliferative agents boosted dramatically. Different classes of gold(I/III)-NHC complexes often showed an outstanding in vitro antiproliferative activity, however up to now very few in vivo data have been reported to corroborate the in vitro results. This review summarizes all achievements in the field of gold (I/III) complexes comprising NHC ligands proposed as potential antiproliferative agents in the period 2004-2016, and critically analyses biological data (mainly IC50 values) in relation to the chemical structures of Au compounds. The state of art of the in vivo studies so far described is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Marika Marinelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
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24
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Zhang JJ, Muenzner JK, Abu El Maaty MA, Karge B, Schobert R, Wölfl S, Ott I. A multi-target caffeine derived rhodium(i) N-heterocyclic carbene complex: evaluation of the mechanism of action. Dalton Trans 2018; 45:13161-8. [PMID: 27334935 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02025a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium(i) and a ruthenium(ii) complex with a caffeine derived N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand were biologically investigated as organometallic conjugates consisting of a metal center and a naturally occurring moiety. While the ruthenium(ii) complex was largely inactive, the rhodium(i) NHC complex displayed selective cytotoxicity and significant anti-metastatic and in vivo anti-vascular activities and acted as both a mammalian and an E. coli thioredoxin reductase inhibitor. In HCT-116 cells it increased the reactive oxygen species level, leading to DNA damage, and it induced cell cycle arrest, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and triggered apoptosis. This rhodium(i) NHC derivative thus represents a multi-target compound with promising anti-cancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. and Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julienne K Muenzner
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Mohamed A Abu El Maaty
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bianka Karge
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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25
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Rehm T, Rothemund M, Bär A, Dietel T, Kempe R, Kostrhunova H, Brabec V, Kasparkova J, Schobert R. N,N-Dialkylbenzimidazol-2-ylidene platinum complexes – effects of alkyl residues and ancillary cis-ligands on anticancer activity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:17367-17381. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazol-2-ylidene platinum complexes exhibit anticancer activity, which is tuneable via N-alkyl residues and ancillary ligands and is different from that of cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Rehm
- Department of Chemistry
- University Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | | | - Alexander Bär
- Department of Chemistry
- University Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Thomas Dietel
- Lehrstuhl fuer Anorganische Chemie II
- University Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Rhett Kempe
- Lehrstuhl fuer Anorganische Chemie II
- University Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Hana Kostrhunova
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- CZ-61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- CZ-61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Institute of Biophysics
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- CZ-61265 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Department of Chemistry
- University Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
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26
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Schmitt F, Gold M, Begemann G, Andronache I, Biersack B, Schobert R. Fluoro and pentafluorothio analogs of the antitumoral curcuminoid EF24 with superior antiangiogenic and vascular-disruptive effects. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4894-4903. [PMID: 28774574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Schmidt C, Karge B, Misgeld R, Prokop A, Brönstrup M, Ott I. Biscarbene gold(i) complexes: structure-activity-relationships regarding antibacterial effects, cytotoxicity, TrxR inhibition and cellular bioavailability. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1681-1689. [PMID: 30108879 PMCID: PMC6072206 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00269f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of gold(i) complexes with two N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (biscarbene gold complexes) were prepared and evaluated for their effects against cancer cells and pathogenic bacteria. Proliferation inhibition was observed in cancer cells and in Gram-positive bacteria, whereas Gram-negative bacteria were less sensitive towards the compounds. The protein binding and cellular uptake were quantified and the combined results indicated a strong correlation between cellular bioavailability and antiproliferative effects. The biscarbene gold complexes inhibited bacterial and mammalian TrxRs with low to moderate potency. However, based on the obtained structure-activity-relationships and the high cellular accumulation levels, TrxR inhibition can be considered as a relevant contributor to the cellular pharmacology of biscarbene gold(i) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Schmidt
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Beethovenstr. 55 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
| | - Bianka Karge
- Department of Chemical Biology , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) , Inhoffenstr. 7 , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Rainer Misgeld
- Department of Pediatric Oncology , Children's Hospital Cologne , Amsterdamer Strasse 59 , 50735 Cologne , Germany
| | - Aram Prokop
- Department of Pediatric Oncology , Children's Hospital Cologne , Amsterdamer Strasse 59 , 50735 Cologne , Germany
| | - Mark Brönstrup
- Department of Chemical Biology , Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) , Inhoffenstr. 7 , 38124 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Beethovenstr. 55 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany .
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Pérez SA, de Haro C, Vicente C, Donaire A, Zamora A, Zajac J, Kostrhunova H, Brabec V, Bautista D, Ruiz J. New Acridine Thiourea Gold(I) Anticancer Agents: Targeting the Nucleus and Inhibiting Vasculogenic Mimicry. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:1524-1537. [PMID: 28388047 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two new 1-acridin-9-yl-3-methylthiourea Au(I) DNA intercalators [Au(ACRTU)2]Cl (2) and [Au(ACRTU) (PPh3)]PF6 (3) have been prepared. Both complexes were highly active in the human ovarian carcinoma cisplatin-sensitive A2780 cell line, exhibiting IC50 values in the submicromolar range. Compounds 2 and 3 are also cytotoxic toward different phenotypes of breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 (triple negative), SK-BR-3 (HER2+, ERα-, and ERβ-), and MCF-7 (ER+). Both complexes induce apoptosis through activation of caspase-3 in vitro. While inhibition of some proteins (thiol-containing enzymes) seems to be the main mechanism of action for cytotoxic gold complexes, 2 and 3 present a DNA-dependent mechanism of action. They locate in the cell nucleus according to confocal microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy. The binding to DNA resulted to be via intercalation as shown by spectroscopic methods and viscometry, exhibiting a dose-dependent response on topoisomerase I mediated DNA unwinding. In addition, 2 and 3 exhibit potent antiangiogenic effects and are also able to inhibit vasculogenic mimicry of highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A. Pérez
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Biomedical
Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Concepción de Haro
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Biomedical
Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Vicente
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Biomedical
Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Donaire
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Biomedical
Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Zamora
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Biomedical
Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juraj Zajac
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Slechtitelu
27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kostrhunova
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - José Ruiz
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Biomedical
Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Universidad de Murcia, E-30071 Murcia, Spain
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29
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Winter I, Lockhauserbäumer J, Lallinger-Kube G, Schobert R, Ersfeld K, Biersack B. Anti-trypanosomal activity of cationic N -heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2017; 214:112-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Zamora A, Pérez SA, Rothemund M, Rodríguez V, Schobert R, Janiak C, Ruiz J. Exploring the Influence of the Aromaticity on the Anticancer and Antivascular Activities of Organoplatinum(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:5614-5625. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zamora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum” Universidad de Murcia, and Institute for Bio-Health, Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Sergio A. Pérez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum” Universidad de Murcia, and Institute for Bio-Health, Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Matthias Rothemund
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Venancio Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum” Universidad de Murcia, and Institute for Bio-Health, Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory University Bayreuth Universitaetsstrasse 30 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstr. 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - José Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum” Universidad de Murcia, and Institute for Bio-Health, Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) 30071 Murcia Spain
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31
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Streciwilk W, Terenzi A, Misgeld R, Frias C, Jones PG, Prokop A, Keppler BK, Ott I. Metal NHC Complexes with Naphthalimide Ligands as DNA-Interacting Antiproliferative Agents. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:214-225. [PMID: 27997743 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Naphthalimide-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of the type [(1,5-cyclooctadiene)(NHC)RhCl)] (4 a-c), [(p-cymene)(NHC)RuCl2 )] (5 a-c), and [(NHC)CuBr] (6 a-c) were synthesized and investigated as antiproliferative agents that target DNA. The cytotoxic effects were largely driven by the naphthalimide structure, which is a DNA-intercalating moiety. Regarding the metal center, the highest activities were observed with the rhodium complexes, and cytotoxic activity was significantly lower for the ruthenium derivatives. The stable coordination of the NHC ligands of selected complexes 4 b and 5 b in solution was confirmed, and their DNA binding properties were studied by UV/Vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and circular dichroism. Stable intercalative binding into the DNA for all selected naphthalimide-based complexes is indicated by high DNA binding constants. Particularly efficient binding was observed in the case of the rhodium complex 4 b. More detailed biological studies on 4 b showed promising activities against multidrug-resistant Nalm-6 cells and confirmed an important role for mitochondrial pathways in 4 b-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Streciwilk
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Misgeld
- Department of Paedriatric Oncology, Childrens Hospital Cologne, Amsterdamer Strasse 59, 50735, Cologne, Germany
| | - Corazon Frias
- Department of Paedriatric Oncology, Childrens Hospital Cologne, Amsterdamer Strasse 59, 50735, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Postfach 3329, 38023, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aram Prokop
- Department of Paedriatric Oncology, Childrens Hospital Cologne, Amsterdamer Strasse 59, 50735, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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32
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Liu W, Gust R. Update on metal N-heterocyclic carbene complexes as potential anti-tumor metallodrugs. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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33
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Muenzner JK, Biersack B, Albrecht A, Rehm T, Lacher U, Milius W, Casini A, Zhang JJ, Ott I, Brabec V, Stuchlikova O, Andronache IC, Kaps L, Schuppan D, Schobert R. Ferrocenyl-Coupled N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Gold(I): A Successful Approach to Multinuclear Anticancer Drugs. Chemistry 2016; 22:18953-18962. [PMID: 27761940 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julienne K. Muenzner
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory; University Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory; University Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Alexander Albrecht
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory; University Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Tobias Rehm
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory; University Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Ulrike Lacher
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory; University Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Wolfgang Milius
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I; Universität Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology, and Targeting; University of Groningen; Antonius Deusinglaan 1 9713 Groningen The Netherlands
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University, Main Building; CF10 3AT Cardiff UK
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Beethovenstrasse 55 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Beethovenstrasse 55 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Kralovopolska 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; Listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Olga Stuchlikova
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Kralovopolska 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics; Faculty of Science; Palacky University; Listopadu 12 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Ion C. Andronache
- Research Centre for Integrated Analysis and Territorial Management; University of Bucharest; 1 Nicolae Balcescu bvd., District 1 010055 Bucharest Romania
| | - Leonard Kaps
- Institute of Translational Immunology; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Langenbeckstrasse 1 55131 Mainz Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Langenbeckstrasse 1 55131 Mainz Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston USA
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory; University Bayreuth; Universitätsstrasse 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany
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Andronache IC, Ahammer H, Jelinek HF, Peptenatu D, Ciobotaru AM, Draghici CC, Pintilii RD, Simion AG, Teodorescu C. Fractal analysis for studying the evolution of forests. CHAOS, SOLITONS & FRACTALS 2016; 91:310-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
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35
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Schmitt F, Donnelly K, Muenzner JK, Rehm T, Novohradsky V, Brabec V, Kasparkova J, Albrecht M, Schobert R, Mueller T. Effects of histidin-2-ylidene vs. imidazol-2-ylidene ligands on the anticancer and antivascular activity of complexes of ruthenium, iridium, platinum, and gold. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 163:221-228. [PMID: 27491634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Couples of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of ruthenium, iridium, platinum, and gold, each differing only in the carbene ligand being either 1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene (IM) or 1,3-dimethyl-N-boc-O-methylhistidin-2-ylidene (HIS), were assessed for their antiproliferative effect on seven cancer cell lines, their interaction with DNA, their cell cycle interference, and their vascular disrupting properties. In MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays only the platinum complexes were cytotoxic at single-digit micromolar IC50 concentrations with the (HIS)Pt complex being on average twice as active as the (IM)Pt complex. The former was highly efficacious against cisplatin-resistant HT-29 colon carcinoma cells where the latter had no effect. Both Pt complexes were accumulated by cancer cells and bound to double-helical DNA equally well. Only the (HIS)Pt complex modified the electrophoretic mobility of circular DNA in vitro due to the HIS ligand causing greater morphological changes to the DNA. Both platinum complexes induced accumulation of 518A2 melanoma cells in G2/M and S phase of the cell cycle. A disruption of blood vessels in the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized chicken eggs was observed for both platinum complexes and the (IM)gold complex. The (HIS)platinum complex was as active as cisplatin in tumor xenografted mice while being tolerated better. We found that the HIS ligand may augment the cytotoxicity of certain antitumoral metal fragments in two ways: by acting as a transmembrane carrier increasing the cellular accumulation of the complex, and by initiating a pronounced distortion and unwinding of DNA. We identified a new (HIS)platinum complex which was highly cytotoxic against cancer cells including cisplatin-resistant ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schmitt
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Kate Donnelly
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Julienne K Muenzner
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Tobias Rehm
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 12, CZ-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Albrecht
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Hematology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle-Saale, Germany
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36
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Jung EK, Leung E, Barker D. Synthesis and biological activity of pyrrole analogues of combretastatin A-4. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3001-3005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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37
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Mui YF, Fernández-Gallardo J, Elie BT, Gubran A, Maluenda I, Sanaú M, Navarro O, Contel M. Titanocene-Gold Complexes Containing N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands Inhibit Growth of Prostate, Renal, and Colon Cancers in Vitro. Organometallics 2016; 35:1218-1227. [PMID: 27182101 PMCID: PMC4863200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report on the synthesis, characterization,
and stability studies
of new titanocene complexes containing a methyl group and a carboxylate
ligand (mba = −OC(O)-p-C6H4-S−) bound to gold(I)–N-heterocyclic carbene
fragments through the thiolate group: [(η5-C5H5)2TiMe(μ-mba)Au(NHC)]. The cytotoxicities
of the heterometallic compounds along with those of novel monometallic
gold–N-heterocyclic carbene precursors [(NHC)Au(mbaH)] have
been evaluated against renal, prostate, colon, and breast cancer cell
lines. The highest activity and selectivity and a synergistic effect
of the resulting heterometallic species was found for the prostate
and colon cancer cell lines. The colocalization of both titanium and
gold metals (1:1 ratio) in PC3 prostate cancer cells was demonstrated
for the selected compound 5a, indicating the robustness
of the heterometallic compound in vitro. We describe here preliminary
mechanistic data involving studies on the interaction of selected
mono- and bimetallic compounds with plasmid (pBR322) used as a model
nucleic acid and the inhibition of thioredoxin reductase in PC3 prostate
cancer cells. The heterometallic compounds, which are highly apoptotic,
exhibit strong antimigratory effects on the prostate cancer cell line
PC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu Fung Mui
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States; Chemistry and Biology Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Jacob Fernández-Gallardo
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York , Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Benelita T Elie
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States; Chemistry and Biology Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Ahmed Gubran
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York , Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Irene Maluenda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - Mercedes Sanaú
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia , Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Oscar Navarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K
| | - María Contel
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States; Chemistry and Biology Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States; Chemistry and Biology Ph.D. Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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38
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Andronache IC, Peptenatu D, Ciobotaru AM, Gruia AK, Gropoşilă NM. Using Fractal Analysis in Modeling Trends in the National Economy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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39
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Farooq M, Taha NA, Butorac RR, Evans DA, Elzatahry AA, Elsayed EA, Wadaan MAM, Al-Deyab SS, Cowley AH. Biological Screening of Newly Synthesized BIAN N-Heterocyclic Gold Carbene Complexes in Zebrafish Embryos. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24718-31. [PMID: 26501273 PMCID: PMC4632773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) metal complexes possess diverse biological activities but have yet to be extensively explored as potential chemotherapeutic agents. We have previously reported the synthesis of a new class of NHC metal complexes N-heterocyclic with acetate [IPr(BIAN)AuOAc] and chloride [IPr(BIAN)AuCl] ligands. In the experiments reported herein, the zebrafish embryos were exposed to serial dilutions of each of these complexes for 10-12 h. One hundred percent mortality was observed at concentrations≥50 µM. At sub-lethal concentrations (10-30 µM), both compounds influenced zebrafish embryonic development. However, quite diverse categories of abnormalities were found in exposed embryos with each compound. Severe brain deformation and notochord degeneration were evident in the case of [IPr(BIAN)AuOAc]. The zebrafish embryos treated with [IPr(BIAN)AuCl] exhibited stunted growth and consequently had smaller body sizes. A depletion of 30%-40% glutathione was detected in the treated embryos, which could account for one of the possible mechanism of neurotoxicity. The fact that these compounds are capable of both affecting the growth and also compromising antioxidant systems by elevating intracellular ROS production implies that they could play an important role as a new breed of therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nael Abu Taha
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rachel R Butorac
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Daniel Anthony Evans
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Ahmed A Elzatahry
- Materials Science and Technology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Elsayed Ahmed Elsayed
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12311, Egypt.
| | - Mohammad A M Wadaan
- Bioproducts Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salem S Al-Deyab
- Petrochemical Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alan H Cowley
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Muenzner JK, Rehm T, Biersack B, Casini A, de Graaf IAM, Worawutputtapong P, Noor A, Kempe R, Brabec V, Kasparkova J, Schobert R. Adjusting the DNA Interaction and Anticancer Activity of Pt(II) N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes by Steric Shielding of the Trans Leaving Group. J Med Chem 2015; 58:6283-92. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angela Casini
- Department
of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge A. M. de Graaf
- Department
of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pawida Worawutputtapong
- Department
of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute
of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Department
of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu
12, CZ-77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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41
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Caffeine derived platinum(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes with multiple anti-cancer activities. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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42
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Serebryanskaya TV, Zolotarev AA, Ott I. A novel aminotriazole-based NHC complex for the design of gold(i) anti-cancer agents: synthesis and biological evaluation. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00185d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel gold(i) complex based on an aminotriazole N-heterocylic carbene ligand represents a promising scaffold for the design of anticancer bioorganometallics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. V. Serebryanskaya
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
- Institute of Chemistry
| | - A. A. Zolotarev
- Institute of Earth Sciences
- Saint Petersburg State University
- 199034 Saint Petersburg
- Russian Federation
| | - I. Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
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The chicken chorioallantoic membrane model in biology, medicine and bioengineering. Angiogenesis 2014; 17:779-804. [PMID: 25138280 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-014-9440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a simple, highly vascularized extraembryonic membrane, which performs multiple functions during embryonic development, including but not restricted to gas exchange. Over the last two decades, interest in the CAM as a robust experimental platform to study blood vessels has been shared by specialists working in bioengineering, development, morphology, biochemistry, transplant biology, cancer research and drug development. The tissue composition and accessibility of the CAM for experimental manipulation, makes it an attractive preclinical in vivo model for drug screening and/or for studies of vascular growth. In this article we provide a detailed review of the use of the CAM to study vascular biology and response of blood vessels to a variety of agonists. We also present distinct cultivation protocols discussing their advantages and limitations and provide a summarized update on the use of the CAM in vascular imaging, drug delivery, pharmacokinetics and toxicology.
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