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Maxwell S, Okabe J, Kaipananickal H, Rodriguez H, Khurana I, Al-Hasani K, Chow BS, Pitsillou E, Karagiannis TC, Jandeleit-Dahm K, Ma RC, Huang Y, Chan JC, Cooper ME, El-Osta A. Set7 Methyltransferase and Phenotypic Switch in Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:733-748. [PMID: 38630537 PMCID: PMC11164123 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points Set7 knockout improves diabetic glomerular structure and function and prevents diabetes-induced endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EDMT) by regulating Igfbp5. Set7 knockdown prevents, and (R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride reverses, diabetes-induced EDMT by regulating insulin growth factor binding protein 5. Set7 regulates the phenotypic EDMT switch, and inhibiting the methyltransferase attenuates glomerular injury in diabetic kidney disease. Background Hyperglycemia influences the development of glomerular endothelial cell damage, and nowhere is this more evident than in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). While the Set7 lysine methyltransferase is a known hyperglycemic sensor, its role in endothelial cell function in the context of DKD remains poorly understood. Methods Single-cell transcriptomics was used to investigate Set7 regulation in a mouse model of DKD, followed by validation of findings using pharmacological and short hairpin RNA inhibition inhibition of Set7. Results Set7 knockout (Set7KO) improved glomerular structure and albuminuria in a mouse model of diabetes. Analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data showed dynamic transcriptional changes in diabetic renal cells. Set7KO controls phenotype switching of glomerular endothelial cell populations by transcriptional regulation of the insulin growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that the expression of the IGFBP5 gene was associated with mono- and dimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me1/2). This generalizability was investigated in human kidney and circulating hyperglycemic cells exposed to TGFβ 1. We showed that the highly selective Set7 inhibitor (R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride attenuated indices associated with renal cell damage and mesenchymal transition, specifically (1 ) reactive oxygen species production, (2 ) IGFBP5 gene regulation, and (3 ) expression of mesenchymal markers. Furthermore, renal benefit observed in Set7KO diabetic mice closely corresponded in human glomerular endothelial cells with (R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride inhibition or Set7 short hairpin RNA silencing. Conclusions Set7 regulates the phenotypic endothelial–mesenchymal transition switch and suggests that targeting the lysine methyltransferase could protect glomerular cell injury in DKD. Podcast This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2024_04_25_ASN0000000000000345.mp3
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Maxwell
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jun Okabe
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Harikrishnan Kaipananickal
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hanah Rodriguez
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ishant Khurana
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keith Al-Hasani
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bryna S.M. Chow
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eleni Pitsillou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tom C. Karagiannis
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karin Jandeleit-Dahm
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- German Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Research Group Diabetic Nephropathy, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ronald C.W. Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juliana C.N. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mark E. Cooper
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- University College Copenhagen, Faculty of Health, Department of Technology, Biomedical Laboratory Science, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ciesielski O, Biesiekierska M, Balcerczyk A. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) Alters Histone Acetylation and Methylation and Impacts Chromatin Architecture Profile in Human Endothelial Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102326. [PMID: 32429384 PMCID: PMC7287656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main green tea polyphenol, exerts a wide variety of biological actions. Epigenetically, the catechin has been classified as a DNMTs inhibitor, however, its impact on histone modifications and chromatin structure is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to find the impact of EGCG on the histone posttranslational modifications machinery and chromatin remodeling in human endothelial cells of both microvascular (HMEC-1) and vein (HUVECs) origin. We analyzed the methylation and acetylation status of histones (Western blotting), as well as assessed the activity (fluorometric assay kit) and gene expression (qPCR) of the enzymes playing a prominent role in shaping the human epigenome. The performed analyses showed that EGCG increases histone acetylation (H3K9/14ac, H3ac), and methylation of both active (H3K4me3) and repressive (H3K9me3) chromatin marks. We also found that the catechin acts as an HDAC inhibitor in cellular and cell-free models. Additionally, we observed that EGCG affects chromatin architecture by reducing the expression of heterochromatin binding proteins: HP1α, HP1γ. Our results indicate that EGCG promotes chromatin relaxation in human endothelial cells and presents a broad epigenetic potential affecting expression and activity of epigenome modulators including HDAC5 and 7, p300, CREBP, LSD1 or KMT2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Ciesielski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.)
- The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Biesiekierska
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (O.C.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-45-10
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Kato M, Natarajan R. Epigenetics and epigenomics in diabetic kidney disease and metabolic memory. Nat Rev Nephrol 2020; 15:327-345. [PMID: 30894700 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a highly prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus, are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. DKD is an important contributor to the morbidity of patients with diabetes mellitus, indicating a clear need for an improved understanding of disease aetiology to inform the development of more efficacious treatments. DKD is characterized by an accumulation of extracellular matrix, hypertrophy and fibrosis in kidney glomerular and tubular cells. Increasing evidence shows that genes associated with these features of DKD are regulated not only by classical signalling pathways but also by epigenetic mechanisms involving chromatin histone modifications, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. These mechanisms can respond to changes in the environment and, importantly, might mediate the persistent long-term expression of DKD-related genes and phenotypes induced by prior glycaemic exposure despite subsequent glycaemic control, a phenomenon called metabolic memory. Detection of epigenetic events during the early stages of DKD could be valuable for timely diagnosis and prompt treatment to prevent progression to end-stage renal disease. Identification of epigenetic signatures of DKD via epigenome-wide association studies might also inform precision medicine approaches. Here, we highlight the emerging role of epigenetics and epigenomics in DKD and the translational potential of candidate epigenetic factors and non-coding RNAs as biomarkers and drug targets for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Kato
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Tuano NK, Okabe J, Ziemann M, Cooper ME, El-Osta A. Set7 mediated interactions regulate transcriptional networks in embryonic stem cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:9206-9217. [PMID: 27439711 PMCID: PMC5100561 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone methylation by lysine methyltransferase enzymes regulate the expression of genes implicated in lineage specificity and cellular differentiation. While it is known that Set7 catalyzes mono-methylation of histone and non-histone proteins, the functional importance of this enzyme in stem cell differentiation remains poorly understood. We show Set7 expression is increased during mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) differentiation and is regulated by the pluripotency factors, Oct4 and Sox2. Transcriptional network analyses reveal smooth muscle (SM) associated genes are subject to Set7-mediated regulation. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of Set7 activity confirms this regulation. We observe Set7-mediated modification of serum response factor (SRF) and mono-methylation of histone H4 lysine 4 (H3K4me1) regulate gene expression. We conclude the broad substrate specificity of Set7 serves to control key transcriptional networks in embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K Tuano
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Jun Okabe
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia .,Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Ziemann
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Epigenomic Profiling Facility, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Junvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) Danielle Alberti Centre for Diabetic Complications, Diabetes Division, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Assam El-Osta
- Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia .,Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Epigenomic Profiling Facility, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.,Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Reddy MA, Zhang E, Natarajan R. Epigenetic mechanisms in diabetic complications and metabolic memory. Diabetologia 2015; 58:443-55. [PMID: 25481708 PMCID: PMC4324095 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes and its associated micro- and macrovascular complications is greatly increasing worldwide. The most prevalent vascular complications of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes include nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence suggests that both genetic and environmental factors are involved in these pathologies. Clinical trials have underscored the beneficial effects of intensive glycaemic control for preventing the progression of complications. Accumulating evidence suggests a key role for epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications in chromatin, and non-coding RNAs in the complex interplay between genes and the environment. Factors associated with the pathology of diabetic complications, including hyperglycaemia, growth factors, oxidant stress and inflammatory factors can lead to dysregulation of these epigenetic mechanisms to alter the expression of pathological genes in target cells such as endothelial, vascular smooth muscle, retinal and cardiac cells, without changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Furthermore, long-term persistence of these alterations to the epigenome may be a key mechanism underlying the phenomenon of 'metabolic memory' and sustained vascular dysfunction despite attainment of glycaemic control. Current therapies for most diabetic complications have not been fully efficacious, and hence a study of epigenetic mechanisms that may be involved is clearly warranted as they can not only shed novel new insights into the pathology of diabetic complications, but also lead to the identification of much needed new drug targets. In this review, we highlight the emerging role of epigenetics and epigenomics in the vascular complications of diabetes and metabolic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marpadga A Reddy
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
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