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Kumar S, Jayan J, Manoharan A, Benny F, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, El-Sherbiny M, Thazhathuveedu Sudevan S, Aneesh TP, Mathew B. Discerning of isatin-based monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors for neurodegenerative disorders by exploiting 2D, 3D-QSAR modelling and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:2328-2340. [PMID: 37261844 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2214216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Almost a billion people worldwide suffer from neurological disorders, which pose public health challenges. An important enzyme that is well-known for many neurodegenerative illnesses is monoamine oxidase (MAO). Although several promising drugs for the treatment of MAO inhibition have recently been examined, it is still necessary to identify the precise structural requirements for robust efficacy. Atom-based, field-based, and GA-MLR (genetic algorithm multiple linear regression) models were created for this investigation. All of the models have strong statistical (R2 and Q2) foundations because of both internal and external validation. Our dataset's molecule has a higher docking score than safinamide, a well-known and co-crystallized MAO-B inhibitor, as we also noticed. Using the SwissSimilarity platform, we further inquired which of our docked molecules would be the best for screening. We chose ZINC000016952895 as the screen molecule with the best binding docking score (XP score = -13.3613). Finally, the 100 ns for the ZINC000016952895-MAO-B complex in our MD investigations is stable. For compounds that we hit, also anticipate ADME properties. Our research revealed that the successful compound ZINC000016952895 might pave the way for the future development of MAO inhibitors for the treatment of neurological disease.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Jayalakshmi Jayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Amritha Manoharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, College of pharmacy, Jouf university, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sachithra Thazhathuveedu Sudevan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - T P Aneesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, India
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Kumar VP, Vishnu MS, Kumar S, Jaiswal S, Ayyannan SR. Exploration of a library of piperonylic acid-derived hydrazones possessing variable aryl functionalities as potent dual cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2465-2489. [PMID: 36355337 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A library of piperonylic acid-derived hydrazones possessing variable aryl moiety was synthesized and investigated for their multifunctional properties against cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs). The in vitro enzymatic assay results revealed that the tested hydrazones have exhibited excellent cholinesterase inhibition profile. Compound 4i, (E)-N'-(2,3-dichlorobenzylidene)benzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carbohydrazide showed promising dual inhibitory profile against AChE (0.048 ± 0.007 μM), BChE (0.89 ± 0.018 μM), and MAO-B (0.95 ± 0.12 μM) enzymes. SAR exploration revealed that the truncation of the linker connecting both the aryl binding sites of the semicarbazone scaffold, by one atom, has relatively suppressed the AChE inhibitory potential. Kinetic studies disclosed that the compound 4i reversibly inhibited AChE enzyme in a competitive manner (Ki = 8.0 ± 0.076 nM), while it displayed a non-competitive and reversible inhibition profile against MAO-B (Ki = 9.6 ± 0.021 µM). Moreover, molecular docking studies of synthesized compounds against ChEs and MAOs provided the crucial molecular features that enable their close association and interaction with the target enzymes. All atomistic simulation studies confirmed the stable association of compound 4i within the active sites of AChE and MAO-B. In addition, theoretical ADMET prediction studies demonstrated the acceptable pharmacokinetic profile of the dual inhibitors. In summary, the attempted lead simplification study afforded a potent dual ChE-MAO-B inhibitor compound that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pavan Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - M S Vishnu
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Shivani Jaiswal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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Manoharan A, Oh JM, Benny F, Kumar S, Abdelgawad MA, Ghoneim MM, Shaker ME, El-Sherbiny M, Almohaimeed HM, Gahtori P, Kim H, Mathew B. Assembling a Cinnamyl Pharmacophore in the C3-Position of Substituted Isatins via Microwave-Assisted Synthesis: Development of a New Class of Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:6167. [PMID: 37630420 PMCID: PMC10458360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO, EC 1.4.3.4) is responsible for the oxidative breakdown of both endogenous and exogenous amines and exists in MAO-A and MAO-B isomers. Eighteen indole-based phenylallylidene derivatives were synthesized via nucleophilic addition reactions comprising three sub-series, IHC, IHMC, and IHNC, and were developed and examined for their ability to inhibit MAO. Among them, compound IHC3 showed a strong MAO-B inhibitory effect with an IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 1.672 μM, followed by IHC2 (IC50 = 16.934 μM). Additionally, IHC3 showed the highest selectivity index (SI) value of >23.92. The effectiveness of IHC3 was lower than the reference pargyline (0.14 μM); however, the SI value was higher than pargyline (17.16). Structurally, the IHC (-H in the B-ring) sub-series exhibited relatively stronger MAO-B inhibition than the others. In the IHC series, IHC3 (-F in the A-ring) exhibited stronger MAO-B suppression than the other substituted derivatives in the order -F > -Br > -Cl > -OCH3, -CH3, and -H at the 2-position in the A-ring. In the reversibility and enzyme kinetics experiments, IHC3 was a reversible inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.51 ± 0.15 μM for MAO-B. Further, it was observed that IHC3 greatly decreased the cell death caused by rotenone in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. A molecular docking study of the lead molecule was also performed to determine hypothetical interactions in the enzyme-binding cavity. These findings suggest that IHC3 is a strong, specific, and reversible MAO-B inhibitor that can be used to treat neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritha Manoharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea;
| | - Feba Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hailah M. Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Prashant Gahtori
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248002, India;
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India; (A.M.); (F.B.); (S.K.)
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Kumar S, Nair AS, Abdelgawad MA, Mathew B. Exploration of the Detailed Structure-Activity Relationships of Isatin and Their Isomers As Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16244-16259. [PMID: 35601305 PMCID: PMC9118264 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a protein with a key function in the catabolism of neuroamines in both central and peripheral parts of the body. MAO-A and -B are two isozymes of this enzyme which have emerged to be considered as a drug target for the treatment of neurodenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Isatin is an endogenous small fragment, reversible inhibitor for MAO enzymes and is more selective for MAO-B than -A. Isatin is responsible for increasing the dopamine level in the brain by the inhibition of an MAO enzyme. The very few selective and reversible inhibitors existing for MAO proteins and the intensity of neurological diseases in humanity have opened a new door for researchers. Isatin has a polypharmacological profile in medicinal chemistry, is a reversible inhibitor for both the MAOs, and shows high selectivity potent inhibition for MAO-B. In this review, we discuss isatins and their analogues phthalide and phthalimide with structure-activity relationships (SARs), and this comprehensive information accelerates the ideas for design and development of a new class of MAO inhibitors for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa
Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Aathira Sujathan Nair
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa
Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa
Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi 682 041, India
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5
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Novichikhina NP, Shestakov AS, Skoptsova AA, Ashrafova ZE, Stolpovskaya NV, Kosheleva EA, Shatalov GV, Ledenyova IV, Shikhaliev KS. Synthesis of New 1-Hydroxy-4H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolin-2(1H)-one Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Sharma P, Singh M, Mathew B. An Update of Synthetic Approaches and Structure‐Activity Relationships of Various Classes of Human MAO‐B Inhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202004188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara University Punjab India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus Kochi 682 041 India
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Mijangos MV, Amador‐Sánchez YA, Miranda LD. Synthesis of Quinoline‐4‐carboxamides and Quinoline‐4‐carboxylates via a Modified Pfitzinger Reaction of
N
‐Vinylisatins. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco V. Mijangos
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Yoarhy A. Amador‐Sánchez
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán Ciudad de México 04510 México
| | - Luis D. Miranda
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán Ciudad de México 04510 México
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8
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Tripathi RKP, Ayyannan SR. Exploration of dual fatty acid amide hydrolase and cholinesterase inhibitory potential of some 3‐hydroxy‐3‐phenacyloxindole analogs. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000036. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rati K. P. Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Sushruta School of Medical and Paramedical SciencesAssam University (A Central University) Silchar Assam India
| | - Senthil R. Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
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Becerra D, Castillo J, Insuasty B, Cobo J, Glidewell C. Synthesis of N-substituted 3-(2-aryl-2-oxoethyl)-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones and their conversion to N-substituted (E)-3-(2-aryl-2-oxoethylidene)indolin-2-ones: synthetic sequence, spectroscopic characterization and structures of four 3-hydroxy compounds and five oxoethylidene products. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2020; 76:433-445. [PMID: 32367824 PMCID: PMC7199199 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229620004143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An operationally simple and time-efficient approach has been developed for the synthesis of racemic N-substituted 3-(2-aryl-2-oxoethyl)-3-hydroxyindolin-2-ones by a piperidine-catalysed aldol reaction between aryl methyl ketones and N-alkylisatins. These aldol products were used successfully as strategic intermediates for the preparation of N-substituted (E)-3-(2-hetaryl-2-oxoethylidene)indolin-2-ones by a stereoselective dehydration reaction under acidic conditions. The products have all been fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, by mass spectrometry and, for a representative selection, by crystal structure analysis. In each of (RS)-1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-3-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethyl]indolin-2-one, C24H21NO4, (Ic), and (RS)-1-benzyl-3-{2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-2-oxoethyl}-3-hydroxyindolin-2-one, C25H24N2O3, (Id), inversion-related pairs of molecules are linked by O-H...O hydrogen bonds to form R22(10) rings, which are further linked into chains of rings by a combination of C-H...O and C-H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds in (Ic) and by C-H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds in (Id). The molecules of (RS)-1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-3-[2-oxo-2-(pyridin-4-yl)ethyl]indolin-2-one, C22H18N2O3, (Ie), are linked into a three-dimensional framework structure by a combination of O-H...N, C-H...O and C-H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. (RS)-3-[2-(Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-1-benzyl-3-hydroxyindolin-2-one, C24H19NO5, (If), crystallizes with Z' = 2 in the space group P-1 and the molecules are linked into complex sheets by a combination of O-H...O, C-H...O and C-H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. In each of (E)-1-benzyl-3-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethylidene]indolin-2-one, C23H16FNO2, (IIa), and (E)-1-benzyl-3-[2-oxo-2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene]indolin-2-one, C21H15NO2S, (IIg), the molecules are linked into simple chains by a single C-H...O hydrogen bond, while those of (E)-1-benzyl-3-[2-oxo-2-(pyridin-4-yl)ethylidene]indolin-2-one, C22H16N2O2, (IIe), are linked by three C-H...O hydrogen bonds to form sheets which are further linked into a three-dimensional structure by C-H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. There are no hydrogen bonds in the structures of either (E)-1-benzyl-3-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoethylidene]indolin-2-one, C24H19NO3, (IIc), or (E)-1-benzyl-5-chloro-3-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-oxoethylidene]indolin-2-one, C23H15Cl2NO2, (IIh), but the molecules of (IIh) are linked into chains of π-stacked dimers by a combination of C-Cl...π(arene) and aromatic π-π stacking interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Becerra
- Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, 150003 Tunja, Colombia
| | - Juan Castillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Química, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, 150003 Tunja, Colombia
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Braulio Insuasty
- Heterocyclic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, AA 25360 Cali, Colombia
| | - Justo Cobo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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Jin QH, Chen WB, Xia YN, Liu BY, Guan LP. Biological evaluation of 2,3-dioxoindolin-N-phenylacetamide derivatives as potent CDC25B and PTP1B phosphatase inhibitors. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000400222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wen-Bo Chen
- Zhejiang Ocean University, China; Hailisheng Pharmaceutical Co Lid, China
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11
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Di Paolo ML, Christodoulou MS, Calogero AM, Pinzi L, Rastelli G, Passarella D, Cappelletti G, Dalla Via L. 2-Phenyloxazole-4-carboxamide as a Scaffold for Selective Inhibition of Human Monoamine Oxidase B. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1641-1652. [PMID: 31322823 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-phenyloxazoles bearing an amide group at position 4 were designed and synthesized for evaluation as potential inhibitors of human recombinant monoamine oxidases (hrMAOs). Results of kinetics experiments demonstrated that all compounds behave as competitive MAO inhibitors, with good selectivity toward the MAO-B isoform. The most potent and selective derivatives are characterized by inhibition constant (Ki ) values in the sub-micromolar range and a good selectivity index (Ki MAO-A /Ki MAO-B >50). Some derivatives were also found to be able to inhibit MAO activity in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells, taken as a model of neuronal cells. In particular, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N-phenyloxazole-4-carboxamide (compound 4 a) may be a promising new scaffold, exerting the highest selectivity and inhibitory effect toward MAOs in NGF-differentiated PC12 cell lysates, without compromising cell viability. Molecular docking analysis allowed a rationalization of the experimentally observed binding affinity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Di Paolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael S Christodoulou
- DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra M Calogero
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Pinzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulio Rastelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via C. Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Graziella Cappelletti
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Lisa Dalla Via
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Verma P, Mishra A, Chauhan S, Singh S, Srivastava V. DABCO Catalyzed Synthesis of β‐Hydroxy Ketones Derived from α‐Methyl Ketones and Ninhydrin under Microwave Irradiations. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Verma
- Department of chemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ankush Mishra
- Department of chemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Swati Chauhan
- Department of chemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Sundaram Singh
- Department of chemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Vandana Srivastava
- Department of chemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh India
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13
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Tripathi RKP, Ayyannan SR. Monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors as potential neurotherapeutic agents: An overview and update. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:1603-1706. [PMID: 30604512 DOI: 10.1002/med.21561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors have made significant contributions and remain an indispensable approach of molecular and mechanistic diversity for the discovery of antineurodegenerative drugs. However, their usage has been hampered by nonselective and/or irreversible action which resulted in drawbacks like liver toxicity, cheese effect, and so forth. Hence, the search for selective MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) has become a substantial focus in current drug discovery. This review summarizes our current understanding on MAO-A/MAO-B including their structure, catalytic mechanism, and biological functions with emphases on the role of MAO-B as a potential therapeutic target for the development of medications treating neurodegenerative disorders. It also highlights the recent developments in the discovery of potential MAO-B inhibitors (MAO-BIs) belonging to diverse chemical scaffolds, arising from intensive chemical-mechanistic and computational studies documented during past 3 years (2015-2018), with emphases on their potency and selectivity. Importantly, readers will gain knowledge of various newly established MAO-BI scaffolds and their development potentials. The comprehensive information provided herein will hopefully accelerate ideas for designing novel selective MAO-BIs with superior activity profiles and critical discussions will inflict more caution in the decision-making process in the MAOIs discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rati Kailash Prasad Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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14
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Hong R, Li X. Discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors by medicinal chemistry approaches. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:10-25. [PMID: 30774851 PMCID: PMC6350766 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00446c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression, have seriously inconvenienced the lives of patients. Growing evidence indicates that these diseases are closely related to the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme, making it an attractive target for the exploitation of potent MAO inhibitors (MAOIs) with high selectivity and low side effects. Although various MAOIs have been discovered, the discovery of an ideal MAOI is not an easy task. In this review, we discuss the currently available rational design strategies for obtaining ideal MAOIs, including ligand-based and receptor-based design strategies, and these strategies were further illustrated with the aid of specific examples from the recent literature. To better understanding the biological activity of MAO, we also highlight the binding modes of typical inhibitors against MAO. Besides, advanced strategies for finding upcoming potent MAOIs were prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyuan Hong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , 44 West Culture Road , 250012 , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: 86 531 88382005
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , 44 West Culture Road , 250012 , Jinan , Shandong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: 86 531 88382005
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15
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Brandão P, Burke AJ. Recent advances in the asymmetric catalytic synthesis of chiral 3-hydroxy and 3-aminooxindoles and derivatives: Medicinally relevant compounds. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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16
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Imidazole bearing chalcones as a new class of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:8-13. [PMID: 29940538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, series of eleven (2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)substituted phenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (IM1-IM11) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of recombinant human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. The results indicate that (2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl]-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl] prop-2-en-1-one (IM5) is a nonselective and reversible competitive inhibitor of MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50 values of 0.30 ± 0.010 and 0.40 ± 0.017 μM, respectively ; those of (2E)-1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl) phenyl]-3-(4-methylphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (IM4) were 1.06 ± 0.090 and 0.32 ± 0.021 μM, respectively. Kinetic studies document that both IM5 and IM4 are competitive inhibitors of MAO-A and MAO-B with Ki value of 0.11 ± 0.0085 and 0.085 ± 0.0064 μM, respectively. Molecular docking studies of lead compounds further explained the binding modes in the inhibitor binding cavity of both MAO-A and MAO-B.
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Triantafyllakis M, Sfakianaki K, Kalaitzakis D, Vassilikogiannakis G. The Power of Triplet and Singlet Oxygen in Synthesis: 2-Oxindoles, 3-Hydroxy-2-oxindoles, and Isatins from Furans. Org Lett 2018; 20:3631-3634. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myron Triantafyllakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, VasilikaVouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Sfakianaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, VasilikaVouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, VasilikaVouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
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18
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Mergemeier K, Lehr M. HPLC-UV assays for evaluation of inhibitors of mono and diamine oxidases using novel phenyltetrazolylalkanamine substrates. Anal Biochem 2018; 549:29-38. [PMID: 29550344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have described an HPLC-UV assay for the evaluation of inhibitors of plasma amine oxidase (PAO) using 6-(5-phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)hexan-1-amine (4) as a new type of substrate. Now we studied, whether this compound or homologues of it can also function as substrate for related amine oxidases, namely diamine oxidase (DAO), monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO B). Among these substances, 4 was converted by DAO with the highest rate. The best substrate for MAO A and B was 4-(5-phenyl-2H-tetrazol-2-yl)butan-1-amine (2). To validate the new assays, the inhibition values of known enzyme inhibitors were determined and the data were compared with those obtained with the substrate benzylamine, which is often used in amine oxidase assays. For the DAO inhibitor 2-(4-phenylphenyl)acetohydrazide an about 10fold lower IC50-value against DAO was obtained when benzylamine was applied instead of 4, indicating that 4 binds to the enzyme with higher affinity than benzylamine. The IC50-values of clorgiline and selegiline against MAO A and B, respectively, also decreased (two- and 30fold) replacing 2 by benzylamine. The discrepancies largely disappeared, when the enzymes were pre-incubated with the inhibitors for 15 min. This can be explained with the covalent inhibition mechanism of the inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Mergemeier
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Lehr
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstrasse 48, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Aarthy M, Panwar U, Selvaraj C, Singh SK. Advantages of Structure-Based Drug Design Approaches in Neurological Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:1136-1155. [PMID: 28042767 PMCID: PMC5725545 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170102145257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the review is to portray the theoretical concept on neurological disorders from research data. BACKGROUND The freak changes in chemical response of nerve impulse causes neurological disorders. The research evidence of the effort done in the older history suggests that the biological drug targets and their effective feature with responsive drugs could be valuable in promoting the future development of health statistics structure for improved treatment for curing the nervous disorders. METHODS In this review, we summarized the most iterative theoretical concept of structure based drug design approaches in various neurological disorders to unfathomable understanding of reported information for future drug design and development. RESULTS On the premise of reported information we analyzed the model of theoretical drug designing process for understanding the mechanism and pathology of the neurological diseases which covers the development of potentially effective inhibitors against the biological drug targets. Finally, it also suggests the management and implementation of the current treatment in improving the human health system behaviors. CONCLUSION With the survey of reported information we concluded the development strategies of diagnosis and treatment against neurological diseases which leads to supportive progress in the drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Aarthy
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Umesh Panwar
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Postal Code: 143-701, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630004, Tamil Nadu, India
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20
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Tripathi RKP, M Sasi V, Gupta SK, Krishnamurthy S, Ayyannan SR. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole derived semicarbazones as dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase: effect of the size of aryl binding site. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 33:37-57. [PMID: 29098902 PMCID: PMC6009888 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1389920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole derived semicarbazones were designed, synthesised and investigated for MAO and ChE inhibition properties. Most of the compounds showed preferential inhibition towards MAO-B. Compound 4, (1-(1-(4-Bromophenyl)ethylidene)-4-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)semicarbazide) emerged as lead candidate (IC50 = 0.212 µM, SI = 331.04) against MAO-B; whereas compounds 21 1-(5-Bromo-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-4-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)semicarbazide (IC50 = 0.264 µM) and 17 1-((4-Chlorophenyl) (phenyl)methylene)-4-(5-nitrothiazol-2-yl)semicarbazide (IC50 = 0.024 µM) emerged as lead AChE and BuChE inhibitors respectively; with activity of compound 21 almost equivalent to tacrine. Kinetic studies indicated that compound 4 exhibited competitive and reversible MAO-B inhibition while compounds 21 and 17 showed mixed-type of AChE and BuChE inhibition respectively. Docking studies revealed that these compounds were well-accommodated within MAO-B and ChE active sites through stable hydrogen bonding and/or hydrophobic interactions. This study revealed the requirement of small heteroaryl ring at amino terminal of semicarbazone template for preferential inhibition and selectivity towards MAO-B. Our results suggest that 5-nitrothiazole derived semicarbazones could be further exploited for its multi-targeted role in development of anti-neurodegenerative agents. [Formula: see text] A library of 2-amino-5-nitrothiazole derived semicarbazones (4-21) was designed, synthesised and evaluated for in vitro MAO and ChE inhibitory activity. Compounds 4, 21 and 17 (shown) have emerged as lead MAO-B (IC50:0.212 µM, competitive and reversible), AChE (IC50:0.264 µM, mixed and reversible) and BuChE (IC50:0.024 µM, mixed and reversible) inhibitor respectively. SAR studies disclosed several structural aspects significant for potency and selectivity and indicated the role of size of aryl binding site in potency and selectivity towards MAO-B. Antioxidant activity and neurotoxicity screening results further suggested their multifunctional potential for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rati K P Tripathi
- a Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , India
| | - Vishnu M Sasi
- a Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , India
| | - Sukesh K Gupta
- b Neurotherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , India
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- b Neurotherapeutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , India
| | - Senthil R Ayyannan
- a Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , India
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21
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Mathew B, Mathew GE, Ucar G, Joy M, Nafna E, Lohidakshan KK, Suresh J. Monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity of methoxy-substituted chalcones. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1321-1329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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22
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Evaluation of 2-amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole derived hydrazones as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: in vitro assays, molecular docking and theoretical ADMET prediction. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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23
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Isatin inhibits SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell invasion and metastasis through MAO/HIF-1α/CXCR4 signaling. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:645-653. [PMID: 28379899 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Isatin was reported to possess anticancer activities through its effect on tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism behind isatin's ability to inhibit neuroblastoma cell metastasis. Our results demonstrated that isatin could inhibit neuroblastoma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, isatin inhibited the expression level of monoamine oxidase A as well as that of its downstream protein hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. Further study indicated that isatin inhibited reactive oxygen species production, extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 phosphorylation, and chemokine receptor type 4 expression. All results support the potential antimetastatic effect of isatin in neuroblatoma cells.
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24
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Yan DZ, Li X, Li CZ, Mao LQ, Chi XQ, Zhou NY, Liu DY. Genome-wide identification and characterization of genes encoding cyclohexylamine degradation in a novel cyclohexylamine-degrading bacterial strain of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida NyZ12. J Biotechnol 2017; 251:166-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Lee J, Lee Y, Park SJ, Lee J, Kim YS, Suh YG, Lee J. Discovery of highly selective and potent monoamine oxidase B inhibitors: Contribution of additional phenyl rings introduced into 2-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazin-5(6 H )-one. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 130:365-378. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Mathew B, Uçar G, Mathew GE, Mathew S, Kalatharakkal Purapurath P, Moolayil F, Mohan S, Varghese Gupta S. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity: Methyl- versus Chlorochalcone Derivatives. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2649-2655. [PMID: 27902880 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that chalcones are promising scaffolds for the development of new monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors. As a continuation of our ongoing research into the development of reversible human MAO-B (hMAO-B) inhibitors, two series of twenty chalcones containing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents were synthesized. All compounds were found to be competitive, selective, and reversible inhibitors of hMAO-B except (2E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (P7) and (2E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (P17), which were found to be selective inhibitors of hMAO-A. The most potent hMAO-B inhibitor, (2E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-ethylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (P16), showed a Ki value of 0.11±0.01 μm. Molecular docking simulations were carried out to identify the hypothetical binding mode for the most potent compounds in the active sites of hMAO-A and B. The ability of the compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier was assessed by parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Additionally, the most potent hMAO-B inhibitor P16 showed no toxicity in cultured hepatic cells at concentrations of 5 and 25 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678557, Kerala, India
| | - Gülberk Uçar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sincy Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678004, Kerala, India
| | | | - Fasil Moolayil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678004, Kerala, India
| | - Smrithy Mohan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678004, Kerala, India
| | - Sheeba Varghese Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Spirooxindoles as novel 3D-fragment scaffolds: Synthesis and screening against CYP121 from M. tuberculosis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3735-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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28
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Sasidharan R, Manju SL, Uçar G, Baysal I, Mathew B. Identification of Indole-Based Chalcones: Discovery of a Potent, Selective, and Reversible Class of MAO-B Inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:627-37. [PMID: 27373997 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of 11 indole-based chalcones (IC1-11) with various electron donating and withdrawing groups at the para position of the phenyl ring B were synthesized. All the compounds were tested for their human monoamine oxidase (hMAO)-A and hMAO-B inhibitory potencies. Most of the synthesized candidates proved to be potent and selective inhibitors of MAO-B rather than MAO-A, with a reversible and competitive mode. Among them, compound IC9 was found to be a potent inhibitor of hMAO-B with Ki = 0.01 ± 0.005 μM and a selectivity index of 120. It was found to be better than the standard drug, selegiline (hMAO-B with Ki = 0.20 ± 0.020 μM) with a selectivity index of 30.55. PAMPA assays were carried out for all the compounds in order to evaluate the capacity of the compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, the most potent MAO-B inhibitor, IC9, was nontoxic at 5 and 25 μM, with 95.20 and 69.17% viable cells, respectively. The lead compound IC9 has an antioxidant property of 1.18 Trolox equivalents by ABTS assay. Molecular modeling studies were performed against hMAO-B to observe binding site interactions of the lead compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Sasidharan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Government T.D. Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala, India
| | | | - Gülberk Uçar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ipek Baysal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, Kerala, India
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29
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Tripathi RKP, Ayyannan SR. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 2-Amino-6-nitrobenzothiazole-Derived Hydrazones as MAO Inhibitors: Role of the Methylene Spacer Group. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1551-67. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rati K. P. Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics; Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India), Fax
| | - Senthil R. Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics; Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India), Fax
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30
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Mathew B, Haridas A, Uçar G, Baysal I, Joy M, Mathew GE, Lakshmanan B, Jayaprakash V. Synthesis, Biochemistry, and Computational Studies of Brominated Thienyl Chalcones: A New Class of Reversible MAO-B Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1161-71. [PMID: 27159243 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of (2E)-1-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-3-(para-substituted phenyl)prop-2-en-1-ones (TB1-TB11) was synthesized and tested for inhibitory activity toward human monoamine oxidase (hMAO). All compounds were found to be competitive, selective, and reversible toward hMAO-B except (2E)-1-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (TB7) and (2E)-1-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (TB8), which were selective inhibitors of hMAO-A. The most potent compound, (2E)-1-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-one (TB5), showed the best inhibitory activity and higher selectivity toward hMAO-B, with Ki and SI values of 0.11±0.01 μm and 13.18, respectively. PAMPA assays for all compounds were carried out in order to evaluate the capacity of the compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, the most potent MAO-B inhibitor, TB5, was found to be nontoxic at 5 and 25 μm, with 95.75 and 84.59 % viability among cells, respectively. Molecular docking simulations were carried out to understand the crucial interactions responsible for selectivity and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijo Mathew
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ahalia School of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678557, Kerala, India.
| | - Abitha Haridas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678004, Kerala, India
| | - Gülberk Uçar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ipek Baysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Monu Joy
- School of Pure & Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, 686560, India
| | - Githa E Mathew
- Department of Pharmacology, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678004, Kerala, India
| | - Baskar Lakshmanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Grace College of Pharmacy, Palakkad, 678004, Kerala, India
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
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31
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Tripathi RKP, Rai GK, Ayyannan SR. Exploration of a Library of 3,4-(Methylenedioxy)aniline-Derived Semicarbazones as Dual Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase and Acetylcholinesterase: Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1145-60. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rati K. P. Tripathi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi; 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Gopal K. Rai
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi; 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Senthil R. Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory; Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology; Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi; 221005 Uttar Pradesh India
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