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Imam F, Mukhopadhyay S, Kothiyal P, Alshehri S, Saad Alharbi K, Afzal M, Iqbal M, Rashid Khan M, Khalid Anwer M, Ahmed Hattab Alanazi A, Ghanem Alqahtani A, Abdullah Alhamamah M. Formulation and characterization of polymeric nanoparticle of Rivastigmine for effective management of Alzheimer's disease. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102048. [PMID: 38585197 PMCID: PMC10997905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Memory loss or dementia is a progressive disorder, and one of its common forms is Alzheimer's disease (AD), effecting mostly middle aged and older adults. In the present study, we developed Rivastigmine (RIV) nanoparticles using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (RIV-loaded PLGA NPs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The prepared RIV-PLGA nanoparticles was evaluated for the management of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The nanoparticles were prepared by the slightly modified nano-precipitation technique. The developed formulations were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersibility index (PDI) and surface morphology and drug content. The experimental result revealed that prepared RIV-loaded PLGA NPs (F1) was optimized having particle size (61.2 ± 4.6 nm), PDI (0.292), ZP (-11.2 ± 1.2). SEM study confirms the prepared nanoparticles depicted non-aggregated as well smooth surface particles without any fracture. This formulation (F1) was further assessed for in vivo studies on animal model. A pharmacological screening on an animal model of Alzheimer's disease revealed that RIV-loaded PLGA NPs formulations treat CNS disorders like Alzheimer's effectively. In addition to that, an in-vivo brain cholinesterase estimation study found that, animals treated with optimized formulation significantly (p < 0.01) reduced brain cholinesterase activity when compared to scopolamine-treated animals. According to the above results, it can be concluded that RIV-loaded PLGA NPs are ideal carriers for delivering the drug at a specific target site in the brain, thus may treat Alzheimer's disease efficiently and improve patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Preeti Kothiyal
- School of Pharmacy and Research, Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University, Navagaon, Maduwala, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Samiyah Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrazaq Ahmed Hattab Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Security Forces Specialized Polyclinics in East Riyadh, General Department of Medical Services, MOI, P. O. Box 7838, Riyadh 11134, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Ghanem Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Assir Health, Ministry of Health, Abha 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdullah Alhamamah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Derebasi BN, Davran Bulut S, Aksoy Erden B, Sadeghian N, Taslimi P, Celebioglu HU. Effects of p-coumaric acid on probiotic properties of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:223. [PMID: 38642150 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are defined as "live microorganisms that provide health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts." Probiotics have beneficial effects on human health, including antibacterial activity against intestinal pathogens, regulation of blood cholesterol levels, reduction of colitis and inflammation incidence, regulation of the immune system, and prevention of colon cancer. In addition to probiotic bacteria, some phenolic compounds found in foods we consume (both food and beverages) have positive effects on human health. p-coumaric acid (p-CA) is one of the most abundant phenolic compounds in nature and human diet. The interactions between these two different food components (phenolics and probiotics), resulting in more beneficial combinations called synbiotics, are not well understood in terms of how they will affect the gut microbiota by promoting the probiotic properties and growth of probiotic bacteria. Thus, this study aimed to investigate synbiotic relationship between p-CA and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 (LA-5), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Probiotic bacteria were grown in the presence of p-CA at different concentrations, and the effects of p-CA on probiotic properties, as well as its in vitro effects on AChE and BChE activities, were investigated. Additionally, Surface analysis was conducted using FTIR. The results showed that treatment with p-CA at different concentrations did not exhibit any inhibitory effect on the growth kinetics of LA-5 and LGG probiotic bacteria. Additionally, both probiotic bacteria demonstrated high levels of antibacterial properties. It showed that it increased the auto-aggregation of both probiotics. While p-CA increased co-aggregation of LA-5 and LGG against Escherichia coli, it decreased co-aggregation against Staphylococcus aureus. Probiotics grown with p-CA were more resistant to pepsin. While p-CA increased the resistance of LA-5 to bile salt, it decreased the resistance of LGG. The combinations of bacteria and p-CA efficiently suppressed AChE and BChE with inhibition (%) 11.04-68.43 and 13.20-65.72, respectively. Furthermore, surface analysis was conducted using FTIR to investigate the interaction of p-coumaric acid with LA-5 and LGG, and changes in cell components on the bacterial surface were analyzed. The results, recorded in range of 4000 -600 cm-1 with resolution of 4 cm-1, demonstrated that p-CA significantly affected only the phosphate/CH ratio for both bacteria. These results indicate the addition of p-CA to the probiotic growth may enhance the probiotic properties of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buse Nur Derebasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Sena Davran Bulut
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Busra Aksoy Erden
- Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Nastaran Sadeghian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
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An M, Jia R, Wu L, Ma L, Qi H, Long Y. Identifying key risk factors for acute compartment syndrome in tibial diaphysis fracture patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8913. [PMID: 38632464 PMCID: PMC11024173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a severe orthopedic issue that, if left untreated, can result in lasting nerve and muscle damage or even necessitate amputation. The association between admission laboratory blood test indicators and the occurrence of ACS in patients with tibial diaphysis fractures is currently a subject of debate. The objective of this research was to identify the contributing factors for ACS in individuals suffering from tibial diaphysis fractures. In this retrospective study, we collected data on a total of 705 individuals from our hospital, comprising 86 ACS patients and 619 non-ACS patients with tibial diaphysis fractures. These participants were categorized into two distinct groups: the ACS group and the non-ACS group. Despite the inherent limitations associated with retrospective analyses, such as potential biases in data collection and interpretation, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of demographics, comorbidities, and admission lab results. Our analytical approach included univariate analysis, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis techniques, aiming to mitigate these limitations and provide robust findings. The statistical analysis revealed several predictors of ACS, including gender (p = 0.011, OR = 3.200), crush injuries (p = 0.004, OR = 4.622), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (p < 0.001, OR = 1.003), and white blood cell (WBC) count (p < 0.001, OR = 1.246). Interestingly, the study also found that certain factors, such as falls on the same level (p = 0.007, OR = 0.334) and cholinesterase (CHE) levels (p < 0.001, OR = 0.721), seem to provide a degree of protection against ACS. In order to better predict ACS, the ROC curve analysis was employed, which determined threshold values for LDH and WBC. The established cut-off points were set at 266.26 U/L for LDH and 11.7 × 109 cells per liter for WBC, respectively. Our research has successfully pinpointed gender, crush injuries, LDH levels, and white blood cell (WBC) count as crucial risk factors for the development of ACS in patients experiencing tibial diaphysis fractures. Furthermore, by establishing the cut-off values for LDH and WBC, we have facilitated a more personalized assessment of ACS risk, enabling clinical doctors to implement targeted early interventions and optimize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming An
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Central Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Ruili Jia
- Department of Nephrology, The First Central Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Limei Wu
- Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Leilei Ma
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Central Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Central Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, 071000, China.
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Kanno H, Takano Y, Kai W, Takahashi S, Tsukihara S, Kobayashi Y, Hanyu N, Eto K. Association of Cholinesterase With Postoperative Pneumonia After Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer. J Surg Res 2024; 296:123-129. [PMID: 38277947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholinesterase is a classical marker that reflects nutritional and inflammatory status. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between serum cholinesterase levels and postoperative infectious complications in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study comprised 108 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer. We comprehensively investigated the association between clinicopathological variables and postoperative infectious complications after gastrectomy. Then patients were divided into the cholinesterase-high and -low groups to analyze their clinicopathological variables. Finally, we analyzed the types of infectious complications that were most associated with preoperative serum cholinesterase levels. RESULTS Twenty-six patients (24%) developed postoperative infectious complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum cholinesterase levels (P = 0.026) and N stage (P = 0.009) were independent risk factors for postoperative infectious complications. In particular, the incidence of pneumonia (P = 0.001) was significantly higher in the cholinesterase-low group. Age (P = 0.023), cerebrovascular comorbidities (P = 0.006), serum cholinesterase levels (P = 0.013), and total gastrectomy (P = 0.017) were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative serum cholinesterase levels were associated with postoperative pneumonia after gastrectomy for gastric cancer, suggesting the importance of preoperative nutritional assessment in gastric cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Kanno
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takano
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Wataru Kai
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shu Tsukihara
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Ken Eto
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Jevtić II, Suručić RV, Tovilović-Kovačević G, Zogović N, Kostić-Rajačić SV, Andrić DB, Penjišević JZ. Multi-target potential of newly designed tacrine-derived cholinesterase inhibitors: Synthesis, computational and pharmacological study. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 101:117649. [PMID: 38401458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Simple and scalable synthetic approach was used for the preparation of thirteen novel tacrine derivatives consisting of tacrine and N-aryl-piperidine-4-carboxamide moiety connected by a five-methylene group linker. An anti-Alzheimer disease (AD) potential of newly designed tacrine derivatives was evaluated against two important AD targets, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). In vitro pharmacological evaluation showed strong ChE inhibitory activity of all compounds, with IC50 values ranging from 117.5 to 455 nM for AChE and 34 to 324 nM for BuChE. As a representative of the series with the best cytotoxicity / ChE inhibitory activity ratio, expressed as the selectivity index (SI), 2-chlorobenzoyl derivative demonstrated mixed-type inhibition on AChE and BuChE, suggesting binding to both CAS and PAS of the enzymes. It also exhibited antioxidant capacity and neuroprotective potential against amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity in the culture of neuron-like cells. In-depth computational analysis corroborated well with in vitro ChE inhibition, illuminating that all compounds exhibit significant potential in targeting both enzymes. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed that 2-chlorobenzoyl derivative, created complexes with AChE and BuChE that demonstrated sufficient stability throughout the observed MD simulation. Computationally predicted ADME properties indicated that these compounds should have good blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, an important factor for CNS-targeting drugs. Overall, all tested compounds showed promising pharmacological behavior, highlighting the multi-target potential of 2-chlorobenzoyl derivative which should be further investigated as a new lead in the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana I Jevtić
- University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Relja V Suručić
- University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Gordana Tovilović-Kovačević
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nevena Zogović
- University of Belgrade-Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Slađana V Kostić-Rajačić
- University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Deana B Andrić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Organic chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Z Penjišević
- University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Long J, Qin F, Luo J, Zhong G, Huang S, Jing L, Yi T, Liu J, Jiang N. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel capsaicin-tacrine hybrids as multi-target agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107026. [PMID: 38103330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel hybrid compounds were designed, synthesized, and utilized as multi-target drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) by connecting capsaicin and tacrine moieties. The biological assays indicated that most of these compounds demonstrated strong inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities with IC50 values in the nanomolar, as well as good blood-brain barrier permeability. Among the synthesized hybrids, compound 5s displayed the most balanced inhibitory effect on hAChE (IC50 = 69.8 nM) and hBuChE (IC50 = 68.0 nM), and exhibited promising inhibitory activity against β-secretase-1 (BACE-1) (IC50 = 3.6 µM). Combining inhibition kinetics and molecular model analysis, compound 5s was shown to be a mixed inhibitor affecting both the catalytic active site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of hAChE. Additionally, compound 5s showed low toxicity in PC12 and BV2 cell assays. Moreover, compound 5s demonstrated good tolerance at the dose of up to 2500 mg/kg and exhibited no hepatotoxicity at the dose of 3 mg/kg in mice, and it could effectively improve memory ability in mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that compound 5s is a promising and effective multi-target agent for the potential treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanyue Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China
| | - Fengxue Qin
- Blood Transfusion Department, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University For Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, PR China
| | - Jinchong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Guohui Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China
| | - Shutong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China
| | - Lin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China
| | - Tingzhuang Yi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University For Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
| | - Neng Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China.
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Beltagy DM, Nawar NF, Mohamed TM, Tousson E, El-Keey MM. The synergistic effect of nanocurcumin and donepezil on Alzheimer's via PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway modulating. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 170:106791. [PMID: 37918555 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) hallmarks include amyloid-βeta (Aβ) and tau proteins aggregates, neurite degeneration, microglial activation with cognitive impairment. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (PI3K/AKT/GSK-3) pathway is essential for neuroprotection, cell survival and proliferation by blocking apoptosis. This study aimed to assess protective role of nanocurcumin (NCMN) as strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent with elucidating its synergistic effects with Donepezil as acetylcholinesterase inhibitor on AD in rats via modulating PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway. The experiment was performed on 70 male Wistar albino rats divided into seven groups (control, NCMN, Donepezil, AD-model, Donepezil co-treatment, NCMN only co-treatment, and NCMN+Donepezil combined treatment). Behavioral and biochemical investigations as cholinesterase activity, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide, superoxidedismutase, and catalase), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Tau, β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE-1), Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten), mitogen-activated protein kinase-1 (MAPK-1), Glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3β) and toll-like receptor-4 were evaluated. Treatment with NCMN improved memory, locomotion, neuronal differentiation by activating PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway. These results were confirmed by histological studies in hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha M Beltagy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt.
| | - Nagat F Nawar
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Ehab Tousson
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mai M El-Keey
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Egypt
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Dash UC, Swain SK, Jena AB, Dandapat J, Sahoo AK. The ameliorative effect of Piper trioicum in attenuating cognitive deficit in scopolamine induced neurotoxicity in experimental rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116911. [PMID: 37451488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional system of medicine, Piper species, or its components are widely used to treat many diseases including memory improvement. One of the wild species Piper trioicum Roxb. (Piperaceae) is found in South Asian countries. The whole plant is used as folk medicine to improve memory. AIM OF THE STUDY To our knowledge, no previous research has investigated the neuroprotective activities of P. trioicum. So, we studied the ameliorative effect of P. trioicum in attenuating cognitive deficit in scopolamine induced neurotoxicity in experimental rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were exposed to scopolamine (3 mg/kg, i. p.) for 14 consecutive days, and the effect of P. trioicum (HAPT; oral, 300, 400 mg/kg) on scopolamine-invoked neurotoxicity in brain were studied. During the experimental period, behaviour analyses of rats were observed 30 min post-drug administration. The role of antioxidants of HAPT in scavenging cellular oxygen/peroxyl radicals were studied. Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitions, and mode of inhibition kinetics of HAPT were studied. Pathogenic cellular oxidative (MDA, GSH, SOD, and CAT), DNA damage (8-oxodG), neurochemical (acetyl- and, butyryl-cholinesterase), β-secretase (BACE-1 and 2), MAPτ, and neuroinflammation (IL-6, TNF-α) biomarkers in extension to the histopathological observation of brain cortex were studied. GC-MS/MS analysis was carried out to investigate the presence of bioactive constituents in HAPT. RESULTS HAPT, a rich source of phenol and flavonoid type antioxidants were responsible in quenching oxygen/peroxyl radicals and protected the cellular membrane, and lipoproteins against ROS in DPPH, ORAC, and CAPe tests. HAPT inhibited acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities, and showed competitive-inhibition (reversible) towards cholinesterase activities. HAPT-400 significantly improved the learning and memory-impairment by restoring oxidative MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, and DNA damage (8-oxodG) markers of serum, and cortex. It also improved acetyl- and, butyryl-cholinesterase, β-secretase, and MAPτ level in brain by restoring proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, and TNF-α indicators in neurotoxic rats. GC-MS/MS reported therapeutic significance active compounds were molecular-docked towards target proteins, found that proscillaridin showed the highest affinity towards AChE, BuChE, BACE1, and BACE2 with binding energy of ΔGb -9.1, ΔGb -10.2, ΔGb -11.4 and ΔGb -11.5 Kcal/mol, respectively. Cymarin and morphine-3-glucuronide showed the second highest binding affinity towards AChE (ΔGb -8.8) and BuChE (ΔGb -10.0), respectively. In BACE-1, betulin showed the second highest binding affinity ΔGb -10.7 Kcal/mol and in BACE-2, morphine-3-glucuronide showed the second highest binding affinity ΔGb -9.8 Kcal/mol. CONCLUSIONS Synergistic impact of proscillaridin, Cymarin, morphine-3-glucuronide, betulin like compounds in HAPT improved memory impairment, healing of tissue architecture of cortex with the restoration of neurochemical, neuroinflammation, and oxidative indicators in neurotoxic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Chandra Dash
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Swain
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Atala Bihari Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, 751004, India
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, 751004, India
| | - Atish Kumar Sahoo
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India.
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Jiménez-Barbosa IA, Grajales Herrera D, Rodríguez Alvarez MF, Khuu SK. Pupil size change in agricultural workers exposed to pesticides. Clin Exp Optom 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38194492 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2023.2294810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Pupil size evaluation using clinical examination may be important for detecting and monitoring individuals at risk of neurotoxic effects from chemical exposure, as it may enable early intervention and the implementation of preventive measures. BACKGROUND This work aimed to investigate the association between pesticide exposure and pupil size. Pupil size is regulated by muscarinic and nicotinic receptors, and it is well-established that common pesticide chemicals disrupt this regulation. METHODS Twenty agricultural workers exposed to pesticides, and twenty participants not exposed, underwent visual screening, and pupil size evaluation under mesopic and photopic conditions. Additionally, signs of neurotoxicity and pesticide exposure in both groups were evaluated using the modified version of the neurotoxic symptoms questionnaire (Q16) and measuring cholinesterase (AChE) levels in blood, respectively. RESULTS Agricultural workers exposed to pesticides had a score indicating medium-high level of neurotoxicity (49.85 (SD ± 8.94)) which was significantly higher (t (36) = 7.659, p ≤ 0.0001) than non-exposed participants who had low levels of neurotoxicity (27.25 SD ± 8.86). There was a significant difference in pupil size (mm) under mesopic (t (19) 4.42 p = 0.003) and scotopic (t (19) 4.63, p = 0.0002) conditions between the two groups. Additionally, there was a significant difference in AChE blood levels (t (19) 2.94 p = 0.008) between exposed and non-exposed participants, indicating that exposed workers had low levels of this enzyme (average exposed group 3381 U/L (SD ± 1306)) compared to the non-exposed group (average non-exposed group 4765 U/L (SD ± 1300)). A significant negative correlation between AChE levels, years of exposure, and pupil size was found. The latter finding importantly showed that smaller pupils are associated with the accumulation of acetylcholine or a decrease in the activity of the enzyme AChE. CONCLUSION Pupil size of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides can be abnormal and is associated with neurotoxicity as indicated by symptomatology and cholinesterase levels. Evaluation of pupil size may be useful for clinically detecting neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Astrid Jiménez-Barbosa
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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10
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Mahnashi MH, Ayaz M, Alqahtani YS, Alyami BA, Shahid M, Alqahtani O, Kabrah SM, Zeb A, Ullah F, Sadiq A. Quantitative-HPLC-DAD polyphenols analysis, anxiolytic and cognition enhancing potentials of Sorbaria tomentosa Lindl. Rehder. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 317:116786. [PMID: 37328081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants of the family Rosaceae have a long history of traditional uses in the management of neurological disorders. Sorbaria tomentosa Lindl. Rehder is composed of antioxidant and neuroprotective polyphenolics. AIMS OF THE STUDY The current study was designed to explore phenolics profile via high performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and validated the neuroprotective and anxiolytic potentials of S. tomentosa by applying in vitro and in vivo approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS The plant crude methanolic extract (St.Crm) and fractions were subjected to HPLC-DAD analysis for qualitative and quantitative assessment of phytochemicals. Samples were screened for in vitro free radicals scavenging assays by using 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes inhibition assays. For cognitive and anxiolytic studies, mice were subjected to open field, elevated plus maze (EPM), light-dark model, Y-maze, shallow water maze (SWM), and novel object recognition (NOR) tests. RESULTS HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of high concentrations of phenolic compounds. For instance, in St.Cr, 21 phenolics were quantified, among which apigenin-7-glucoside (291.6 mg/g), quercetin (122.1 mg/g), quercetin-3-feruloylsophoroside-7-glucoside (52.6 mg/g), quercetin-7-glucoside (51.8 mg/g), ellagic acid (42.7 mg/g), luteolin (45.0 mg/g), kaempferol (40.5 mg/g), 5-feruloylquinic acid (43.7 mg/g) were present in higher concentrations. Likewise, in ethyl acetate fraction (St.Et.Ac), 21 phenolics were identified as 3,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid (177.4 mg/g) and 5-hydroxybenzoylquinic acid (46.9 mg/g) were most abundant phytochemicals. Highly valuable phenolics were also identified in other fractions including butanol (St.Bt), chloroform (St.Chf), and n-hexane (St.Hex). The various fractions exhibited concentration dependent inhibition of free radicals in DPPH and ABTS assays. Potent AChE inhibitory potentials were revealed by the test samples with St.Chf, St.Bt and St.EtAc being the most active having an IC50 of 298.1, 580.1, and 606.47 μg mL-1, respectively. Similarly, St.Chf, St.Bt, St.EtAc and St.Cr exhibited potent BChE inhibitory activity and was observed as 59.14, 54.73, 51.35 and 49.44%, respectively. A significant improvement in the exploratory behavior was observed in open field test and stress/anxiety was relieved effectively at 50-100 mg/kg. Likewise, EPM, light-dark and NOR tests revealed an anxiolytic and memory enhancing behaviors. These effects were further corroborated from the Y-maze and SWM transgenic studies that showed considerable improvement in cognition retention. CONCLUSIONS These findings concluded that S. tomentosa possessed potential anxiolytic and nootropic efficacies and may have therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mater H Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000, Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Yahya S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bandar A Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Pharmacy, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Omaish Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saeed M Kabrah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alam Zeb
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000, Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000, Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara, 18000, Dir (L), KP, Pakistan.
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Leong ST, Liew SY, Khaw KY, Ahmad Hassali H, Richomme P, Derbré S, Lee VS, Yahya R, Awang K. 13C NMR-based dereplication using MixONat software to decipher potent anti- cholinesterase compounds in Mesua lepidota bark. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106859. [PMID: 37742494 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A bio-assay guided fractionation strategy based on cholinesterase assay combined with 13C NMR-based dereplication was used to identify active metabolites from the bark of Mesua lepidota. Eight compounds were identified with the aid of the 13C NMR-based dereplication software, MixONat, i.e., sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2), α-amyrin (3), friedelin (6), 3β-friedelinol (7), betulinic acid (9), lepidotol A (10) and lepidotol B (11). Further bio-assay guided isolation of active compounds afforded one xanthone, pyranojacareubin (12) and six coumarins; lepidotol A (10), lepidotol B (11), lepidotol E (13), lepidotin A (14), and lepidotin B (15), including a new Mammea coumarin, lepidotin C (16). All the metabolites showed strong to moderate butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition. Lepidotin B (15) exhibited the most potent inhibition towards BChE with a mix-mode inhibition profile and a Ki value of 1.03 µM. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations have revealed that lepidotin B (15) forms stable interactions with key residues within five critical regions of BChE. These regions encompass residues Asp70 and Tyr332, the acyl hydrophobic pocket marked by Leu286, the catalytic triad represented by Ser198 and His438, the oxyanion hole (OH) constituted by Gly116 and Gly117, and the choline binding site featuring Trp82. To gauge the binding strength of lepidotin B (15) and to pinpoint pivotal residues at the binding interface, free energy calculations were conducted using the Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) approach. This analysis not only predicted a favourable binding affinity for lepidotin B (15) but also facilitated the identification of significant residues crucial for the binding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sow Tein Leong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sook Yee Liew
- Chemistry Division, Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hazlina Ahmad Hassali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Medical Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Vannajan Sanghiran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruzanna Yahya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalijah Awang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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12
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Kumar VP, Vishnu MS, Kumar S, Jaiswal S, Ayyannan SR. Exploration of a library of piperonylic acid-derived hydrazones possessing variable aryl functionalities as potent dual cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2465-2489. [PMID: 36355337 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A library of piperonylic acid-derived hydrazones possessing variable aryl moiety was synthesized and investigated for their multifunctional properties against cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs). The in vitro enzymatic assay results revealed that the tested hydrazones have exhibited excellent cholinesterase inhibition profile. Compound 4i, (E)-N'-(2,3-dichlorobenzylidene)benzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carbohydrazide showed promising dual inhibitory profile against AChE (0.048 ± 0.007 μM), BChE (0.89 ± 0.018 μM), and MAO-B (0.95 ± 0.12 μM) enzymes. SAR exploration revealed that the truncation of the linker connecting both the aryl binding sites of the semicarbazone scaffold, by one atom, has relatively suppressed the AChE inhibitory potential. Kinetic studies disclosed that the compound 4i reversibly inhibited AChE enzyme in a competitive manner (Ki = 8.0 ± 0.076 nM), while it displayed a non-competitive and reversible inhibition profile against MAO-B (Ki = 9.6 ± 0.021 µM). Moreover, molecular docking studies of synthesized compounds against ChEs and MAOs provided the crucial molecular features that enable their close association and interaction with the target enzymes. All atomistic simulation studies confirmed the stable association of compound 4i within the active sites of AChE and MAO-B. In addition, theoretical ADMET prediction studies demonstrated the acceptable pharmacokinetic profile of the dual inhibitors. In summary, the attempted lead simplification study afforded a potent dual ChE-MAO-B inhibitor compound that merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pavan Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - M S Vishnu
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Shivani Jaiswal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Senthil Raja Ayyannan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory II, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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Morita Y, Sakaguchi T, Matsumoto A, Ida S, Muraki R, Kitajima R, Furuhashi S, Takeda M, Kikuchi H, Hiramatsu Y, Takeuchi H. The cholinesterase and C-reactive protein score is a potential predictor of pseudoaneurysm formation after pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with soft pancreas. BMC Surg 2023; 23:344. [PMID: 37964345 PMCID: PMC10647161 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudoaneurysm (PA) rupture after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a life-threatening complication. Most PA cases originate from postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPFs). Although several risk factors for POPF have been identified, specific risk factors for PA formation remain unclear. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed PD cases with soft pancreas and proposed a novel strategy for early detection of PA formation. METHODS Overall, 120 patients underwent PD between 2010 and 2020 at our institution; of these, 65 patients with soft pancreas were enrolled. We evaluated the clinicopathological factors influencing PA formation and developed a risk score to predict PA formation. RESULTS In total, 11 of the 65 patients developed PAs (PA formation group: PAG), and 8 of these 11 PAs ruptured. The median time to PA formation was 15 days, with a minimum of 5 days. The PAG was significantly older than the non-PA formation group, were predominantly men, and had comorbid diabetes mellitus. Pre- and intra-operative findings were similar between the two groups. Importantly, no significant differences were found in postoperative drain amylase levels and total drain amylase content. Cholinesterase and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels on postoperative day (POD) 3 were significantly different between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that cholinesterase ≤ 112 U/L and CRP ≥ 16.0 mg/dl on POD 3 were independent predictors of PA formation. CONCLUSIONS Decreased cholinesterase and elevated CRP on POD 3 (Cho-C score) are useful predictors of PA formation in cases with soft pancreas. In such cases, periodic computed tomography evaluations and strict drain management are necessary to prevent life-threatening hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Morita
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
- Division of Surgical care, Morimachi, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
| | | | - Akio Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shinya Ida
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ryuta Muraki
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ryo Kitajima
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoru Furuhashi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Kikuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hiramatsu
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Perioperative Functioning Care & Support, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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Prchalova E, Sukupova M, Malinak D, Andrys R, Sivak L, Pekarik V, Skarka A, Svobodova J, Prchal L, Fresser L, Heger Z, Musilek K. BODIPY-labelled acetyl cholinesterase reactivators can be encapsulated into ferritin nanovehicles for enhanced bioavailability in the CNS. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115490. [PMID: 37722189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The BODIPY-labelled oxime reactivator was prepared and used to study its biodistribution into central nervous system. The newly synthesized oxime was found to be weak inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and strong inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase. Its reactivation ability for organophosphate inhibited acetylcholinesterase was found similar to a parent oxime. The BODIPY-labelled oxime was further encapsulated into recombinant human H-ferritin and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The oxime or encapsulated oxime were found to be bioaccumulated primarily in liver and kidneys of mice, but some amount was distributed also to the brain, where it was detectable even after 24 h. The BODIPY-labelled oxime encapsulated to human H-ferritin showed better CNS bioaccumulation and tissue retention at 8 and 24 h time points compared to free oxime, although the fluorescence results might be biased due to BODIPY metabolites identified in tissue homogenates. Taken together, the study demonstrates the first utilization of recombinant ferritins for changing the unfavourable pharmacokinetics of oxime reactivators and brings promising results for follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Prchalova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Sukupova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Sivak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Pekarik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Skarka
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodova
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Fresser
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Musilek
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Liu Q, Fan X, Cui W, Wang X, Zhang Z, Wang N, Qiao L. Serum Cholinesterase, C-reactive Protein, Interleukin 6, and Procalcitonin Levels as Predictors of Mortality in Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2023; 51:408-413. [PMID: 37876167 PMCID: PMC10606736 DOI: 10.4274/tjar.2023.231349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The prognostic utility of inflammatory markers in survival has been suggested in patients with cancer; however, evidence on their prognostic value in severely ill patients is very limited. We aimed to explore the prognostic value of cholinesterase (ChE), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and procalcitonin (PCT) in predicting mortality in patients from the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Serum levels of ChE, CRP, IL-6 and PCT were measured in ICU patients from December 13th, 2019 to June 28th, 2022. We assessed the predictive power of ChE, CRP, IL-6, and PCT using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Furthermore, we evaluated their diagnostic accuracy by comparing the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The cut-off values were determined to dichotomise these biomarkers, which were then included in multivariable logistic regression models to examine their relationship with ICU mortality. Results Among 253 ICU patients included in the study, 66 (26%) died during the ICU stay. The AUCs to predict ICU mortality were 0.643 (95% CI, 0.566-0.719), 0.648 (95% CI, 0.633-0.735), 0.643 (95% CI, 0.563-0.723) and 0.735 (95% CI, 0.664-0.807) for ChE, CRP, IL-6 and PCT, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex and disease severity, lower ChE level (<3.668 × 103 U L-1) and higher levels of CRP (>10.546 mg dL-1), IL-6 (>986.245 pg mL-1) and PCT (>0.505 μg L-1) were associated with higher mortality risk, with odd ratios of 2.70 (95% CI, 1.32-5.54), 4.99 (95% CI, 2.41-10.38), 3.24 (95% CI, 1.54-6.78) and 3.67 (95% CI, 1.45-9.95), respectively. Conclusion ChE, CRP, IL-6 and PCT were independent ICU mortality risk factors in severely ill patients. Elevated PCT levels exhibited better predictive value than the other three biomarkers that were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
- The authors share first authorship
| | - Xiaoguang Fan
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
- The authors share first authorship
| | - Wenjuan Cui
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Xincheng Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Naizhi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Lujun Qiao
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
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Varma M, Ugale V, Shaukat J, Hollmann M, Shete P, Shravage B, Tayade S, Kumbhar A, Butcher R, Jani V, Sonavane U, Joshi R, Lokwani D, Kulkarni P. Novel alkyl-substituted 4-methoxy benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazones: Multi-target directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176028. [PMID: 37657740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder affecting mental ability and interrupts neurocognitive functions. Treating multifactorial conditions of AD with a single-target-directed drug is highly difficult. Thus, a multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) development strategy has been developed as a promising approach for the treatment of AD. Herein, we have synthesized two novel thiosemicarbazones as MTDLs and reported their bioactivities against diverse neuropathological events involved in AD. In vitro studies revealed that both compounds exhibited promising anticholinesterase activity (AChE, IC50 = 15.98 μM, MZET and IC50 = 30.23 μM, MZMT), well supported by a detailed computational study. Both analogs have shown good thermodynamic behaviour and stability through interactions with characteristic amino acid residues throughout simulation of 100 ns against acetylcholinesterase enzyme. In an electrophysiology assay, these analogs have shown a characteristic inhibitory response against the GluN1-1a + GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Pre-treatment of BV-2 microglial cells with MZET effectively decreased nitrite production compared to nitrite produced by lipopolysaccharide-treated cells alone. Further, the effect of MZMT and MZET on autophagy regulation was determined using stably transfected SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. MZET significantly enhanced the autophagy flux in neuroblastoma cells. A significant decrease in copper-catalysed oxidation of amyloid-β in presence of synthesized thiosemicarbazones was also observed. Collectively, our findings indicated that these analogs have potential as effective anti-AD candidates and can be used as a prototype to develop more safer multi-targeted anti-AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokshada Varma
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Savitribai Phule Pune University, G. G. Agharkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411004, India
| | - Vinod Ugale
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Savitribai Phule Pune University, G. G. Agharkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411004, India; Department of Biochemistry I - Receptor Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India.
| | - Javeria Shaukat
- Department of Biochemistry I - Receptor Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Hollmann
- Department of Biochemistry I - Receptor Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Padmaja Shete
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Savitribai Phule Pune University, G. G. Agharkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411004, India
| | - Bhupendra Shravage
- Developmental Biology Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411004, India
| | - Sakharam Tayade
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Avinash Kumbhar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Ray Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, DC, 20059, USA
| | - Vinod Jani
- HPC Medical & Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Uddhavesh Sonavane
- HPC Medical & Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Rajendra Joshi
- HPC Medical & Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Deepak Lokwani
- Rajashri Shahu College of Pharmacy, Buldana, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prasad Kulkarni
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Savitribai Phule Pune University, G. G. Agharkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411004, India.
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Kiran PVR, Waiker DK, Verma A, Saraf P, Bhardwaj B, Kumar H, Singh A, Kumar P, Singh N, Srikrishna S, Trigun SK, Shrivastava SK. Design and development of benzyl piperazine linked 5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione conjugates as potential agents to combat Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106749. [PMID: 37517157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Our present work demonstrates the molecular hybridization-assisted design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 22 benzylpiperazine-linked 1,2,4-triazole compounds (PD1-22) as AD modifying agents. All the compounds were tested for their in vitro hChEs, hBACE-1, and Aβ-aggregation inhibition properties. Among them, compound PD-08 and PD-22 demonstrated good hChE and hBACE-1 inhibition as compared to standards donepezil and rivastigmine. Both compounds displaced PI from PAS at 50 µM concentration which was comparable to donepezil and also demonstrated anti-Aβ aggregation properties in self- and AChE-induced thioflavin T assay. Both compounds have shown excellent BBB permeation via PAMPA-BBB assay and were found to be non-neurotoxic at 80 µM concentration against differentiated SH-SY5Y cell lines. Compound PD-22 demonstrated an increase in rescued eye phenotype in Aβ-phenotypic drosophila AD model and amelioration of behavioral deficits in the Aβ-induced rat model of AD. The in-silico docking studies of compound PD-22 revealed a good binding profile towards CAS and PAS residues of AChE and the catalytic dyad of the BACE-1. The 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation studies of compound PD-22 complexed with AChE and BACE-1 enzymes suggested stable ligand-protein complex throughout the simulation run. Based on our findings compound PD-22 could further be utilized as a lead to design a promising candidate for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pidugu Venkata Ravi Kiran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Digambar Kumar Waiker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Akash Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Poorvi Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Bhagwati Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Hansal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Abhinav Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Namrata Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Saripella Srikrishna
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Trigun
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sushant Kumar Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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18
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Yamashita M, Kamiya K, Hamazaki N, Nozaki K, Uchida S, Maekawa E, Yamaoka-Tojo M, Ako J. Predictive value of cholinesterase in patients with heart failure: A new blood biochemical marker of undernutrition. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1914-1922. [PMID: 37500349 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study was conducted to verify whether serum cholinesterase (ChE) is useful in predicting prognosis and discriminating undernutrition status compared to existing low-nutrition indices of blood chemical tests in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 1617 patients (1204 older patients) with HF who evaluated ChE during hospitalization were recruited for this study. The primary outcome was all-cause death, and multivariate survival analysis was performed. We drew a receiver operating characteristic curve for all-cause death, some undernutrition status, such as low body mass index, thin mid-upper arm circumference, low grip strength, and slow gait speed. The area under the curve was used to compare the predictive ability of ChE with some existing nutritional parameters, such as blood biochemical tests, controlling nutritional status (CONUT), and the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). After adjusting for 29 variables, higher ChE significantly decreased the risk of all-cause death (per 10 increase, hazard ratio: 0.975, 95% confidence interval: 0.952-0.998), and this trend was maintained for older patients (per 10 increase, hazard ratio: 0.972, 95% confidence interval: 0.947-0.997). ChE was moderately correlated with CONUT and GNRI, but the predictive ability for all-cause death was higher for ChE relative to both scores. ChE tended to have an almost consistently high predictive ability compared with other blood biochemical tests. CONCLUSIONS ChE was associated with all-cause death and an almost consistently higher predictive ability for all-cause death and undernutrition status in comparison to existing blood chemical tests and nutritional scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yamashita
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan; Division of Research, ARCE Inc., Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Nobuaki Hamazaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kohei Nozaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shota Uchida
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Minako Yamaoka-Tojo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
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19
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Matošević A, Opsenica DM, Spasić M, Maraković N, Zandona A, Žunec S, Bartolić M, Kovarik Z, Bosak A. Evaluation of 4-aminoquinoline derivatives with an n-octylamino spacer as potential multi-targeting ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110620. [PMID: 37406982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The most successful therapeutic strategy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is directed toward increasing levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), the enzymes responsible for its hydrolysis. In this paper, we extended our study on 4-aminoquinolines as human cholinesterase inhibitors on twenty-six new 4-aminoquinolines containing an n-octylamino spacer on C(4) and different substituents on the terminal amino group. We evaluated the potency of new derivatives to act as multi-targeted ligands by determining their inhibition potency towards human AChE and BChE, ability to chelate biometals Fe, Cu and Zn, ability to inhibit the action of β-secretase 1 (BACE1) and their antioxidant capacity. All of the tested derivatives were very potent inhibitors of human AChE and BChE with inhibition constants (Ki) ranging from 0.0023 to 1.6 μM. Most of the compounds were estimated to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by passive transport and were nontoxic to human neuronal, kidney and liver cells in concentrations in which they inhibit cholinesterases. Generally, newly synthesised compounds were weak reductants compared to standard antioxidants, but all possessed a certain amount of antioxidant activity compared to tacrine. Of the eleven most potent cholinesterase inhibitors, eight compounds also inhibited BACE1 activity at 10-18%. Based on our overall results, compounds 8 with 3-fluorobenzyl, 11 with 3-chlorobenzyl and 17 with 3-metoxy benzyl substituents on the terminal amino group stood out as the most promising for the treatment of AD; they strongly inhibited AChE and BChE, were non-toxic on HepG2, HEK293 and SH-SY5Y cells, had the potential to cross the BBB and possessed the ability to chelate biometals and/or inhibit the activity of BACE1 within a range close to the therapeutically desired degree of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Matošević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dejan M Opsenica
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Beograd, Serbia; Centre of Excellence in Environmental Chemistry and Engineering, ICTM, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marta Spasić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Zandona
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Suzana Žunec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Bartolić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Kovarik
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Bosak
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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20
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Godinez J, Lee CY, Schwans JP. Synthesis and evaluation of Fmoc-amino esters and amides bearing a substrate like quaternary ammonium group as selective butyryl cholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 92:129392. [PMID: 37364726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The depletion of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine has been suggested to contribute to the reduced cognitive function observed in individuals suffering from neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). For the two major cholinesterases, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), increased BChE activity observed in individuals with AD has been suggested to deplete acetylcholine levels. To reduce acetylcholine degradation and help restore the pool of the neurotransmitter, specific and potent BChE inhibitors are sought. Our previous findings have identified 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) amino acid-based inhibitors as effective BChE inhibitors. The amino acid-based compounds offered the opportunity to survey a range of structural features to enhance interactions with the enzyme active site. As enzymes interact with features of their substrates, incorporation of substrate-like features was predicted to lead to better inhibitors. Specifically, incorporation of a trimethylammonium moiety to mimic the cationic group of acetylcholine may lead to increased potency and selectivity. To test this model, a series of inhibitors bearing a cationic trimethylammonium group were synthesized, purified, and characterized. While the Fmoc-ester derivatives inhibited the enzyme, additional experiments showed the compounds acted as substrates and were enzymatically hydrolyzed. Inhibition studies with the Fmoc-amide derivatives showed that the compounds do not act as substrates and selectively inhibit BChE with IC50 values in the 0.06-10.0 µM range. Computational docking studies suggest that the inhibitors can interact with cholinyl binding site and peripheral site. Overall, the results suggest that introducing substrate-like characteristics within the Fmoc-amino acid-based background increases their potency. The versatile and ready access to amino acid-based compounds offers an attractive system to further our understanding of the relative importance of protein-small molecule interactions while guiding the development of better inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Godinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840-9507, United States
| | - Catherine Y Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840-9507, United States
| | - Jason P Schwans
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840-9507, United States.
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21
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El-Shiekh RA, Kassem HAH, Khaleel AE, Abd El-Mageed MMA. Anticholinesterases activity of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jacq. essential oils with GC/MS analysis and molecular docking. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-5. [PMID: 37516925 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2241150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
GC/MS analysis of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jacq. leaves revealed the identification of 73 components, with an evident greater contribution of monoterpenes hydrocarbons to their total volatiles. α-Pinene (37.5%) and β-caryophyllene (27.4%) were the most abundant compounds in M. koenigii leaves and β-phellandrene (40.7%) in M. paniculata leaves, using headspace. β-Phellandrene (33.7%) was the major constituent by M. koenigii leaves where germacrene D (23.8%), and δ-elemene (22.0%) were predominant in M. paniculata leaves, using steam distillation. M. koenigii leaves oil showed quite remarkable cholinesterase inhibitory activity, where oil of M. paniculata leaves showed strong inhibitory activity against AChE (IC50=13.2 ± 0.9 µg/mL) and BChE (IC50=5.1 ± 0.3 µg/mL). Germacrene D, α-zingiberene, and δ-elemene showed higher affinity to BChE than AChE as revealed from docking scores (S = -5.65 to -6.03 Kcal/mol) for BChE and (S = -5.56 to -6.25 Kcal/mol) for AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham A El-Shiekh
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A H Kassem
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal E Khaleel
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Dou JR, Zhou X, Pan XY, Miao RF, Zhou ML, Zhang F. [Investigation on health status of workers exposed to glyphosate]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:517-522. [PMID: 37524675 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220329-00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the concentrations of glyphosate and its metabolites in occupational exposed workers and their possible effects on human health, so as to provide a reference for improving the safe use of glyphosate and toxicity research. Methods: From April to December 2020, 247 workers directly exposed to glyphosate in 5 enterprises were selected as the contact group, and 237 workers who were not exposed to glyphosate and other pesticides in the same enterprise were selected as the control group. Questionnaire survey and occupational health examination were conducted on objects, and the concentrations of glyphosate and its metabolites in the air of workplaces and biological samples were detected. The correlation between the concentrations and the difference of health examination between the two groups were analyzed. Results: The urine glyphosate concentration (0.022-47.668 mg/L), the rate of exceeding the standard (60.32%, 149/247) and the urine aminomethyl phosphonic acid concentration (<0.010-1.624 mg/L) in the contact group were higher than those in the control group [urine glyphosate concentration (<0.020-4.482 mg/L), the rate of exceeding the standard (2.53%, 6/237) and the urine aminomethyl phosphonic acid concentration (<0.010-0.524 mg/L) ], respectively (P<0.001). The exceeding standard rate of glyphosate concentration in the workplace was 33.67% (33/98). The concentration of glyphosate in the workplace was positively correlated with the concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in urine (r(s)=0.804, 0.238, P<0.001), and the concentration of glyphosate in urine was positively correlated with the concentration of aminomethylphosphonic acid in urine (r(s)=0.549, P<0.001). The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), white cell ratio, creatinine, uric acid, the abnormal rates of ALT and total protein (TP) in the contact group were higher than those in the control group, and TP was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically different (P<0.05). The abnormal rates of overall liver function, overall renal function, blood routine test, urine routine test, electrocardiogram, liver B ultrasound and blood lipid in the contact group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The concentration of glyphosate in the workplace is related to the concentrations of glyphosate and aminomethyl phosphonic acid in the urine of workers, and exposure to glyphosate may have some harmful effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Dou
- Occupational Health Department of Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - X Zhou
- Occupational Health Department of Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - X Y Pan
- Occupational Health Department of Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - R F Miao
- Emergency Department of Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - M L Zhou
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou Vocational University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of Occupational Diseases, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
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23
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von Deimling M, D'Andrea D, Pradere B, Laukhtina E, Yanagisawa T, Kawada T, Majdoub M, Rajwa P, Pallauf M, Singla N, Soria F, Margulis V, Chlosta P, Karakiewicz PI, Roupret M, Teoh JYC, Fisch M, Rink M, Moschini M, Lotan Y, Shariat SF. Clinical value of cholinesterase in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract carcinoma. World J Urol 2023; 41:1861-1868. [PMID: 37294372 PMCID: PMC10352439 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the prognostic value and the clinical impact of preoperative serum cholinesterase (ChoE) levels on decision-making in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for clinically non-metastatic upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). METHODS A retrospective review of an established multi-institutional UTUC database was performed. We evaluated preoperative ChoE as a continuous and dichotomized variable using a visual assessment of the functional form of the association of ChoE with cancer-specific survival (CSS). We used univariable and multivariable Cox regression models to establish its association with recurrence-free survival (RFS), CSS, and overall survival (OS). Discrimination was evaluated using Harrell's concordance index. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the impact on clinical decision-making of preoperative ChoE. RESULTS A total of 748 patients were available for analysis. Within a median follow-up of 34 months (IQR 15-64), 191 patients experienced disease recurrence, and 257 died, with 165 dying of UTUC. The optimal ChoE cutoff identified was 5.8 U/l. ChoE as continuous variable was significantly associated with RFS (p < 0.001), OS (p < 0.001), and CSS (p < 0.001) on univariable and multivariable analyses. The concordance index improved by 8%, 4.4%, and 7% for RFS, OS, and CSS, respectively. On DCA, including ChoE did not improve the net benefit of standard prognostic models. CONCLUSION Despite its independent association with RFS, OS, and CSS, preoperative serum ChoE has no impact on clinical decision-making. In future studies, ChoE should be investigated as part of the tumor microenvironment and assessed as part of predictive and prognostic models, specifically in the setting of immune checkpoint-inhibitor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus von Deimling
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David D'Andrea
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, La Croix Du Sud Hospital, Quint-Fonsegrives, France
| | - Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Takafumi Yanagisawa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kawada
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Muhammad Majdoub
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - Pawel Rajwa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Maximilian Pallauf
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Departments of Urology and Oncology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nirmish Singla
- Departments of Urology and Oncology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francesco Soria
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, University of Studies of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Vitaly Margulis
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Piotr Chlosta
- Department of Urology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Morgan Roupret
- Sorbonne University, GRC 5 Predictive Onco-Uro, AP-HP, Urology, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
- S.H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Margit Fisch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Gharehbagh HJ, Ebrahimi M, Dabaghian F, Mojtabavi S, Hariri R, Saeedi M, Faramarzi MA, Khanavi M. Chemical composition, cholinesterase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the essential oils of some Iranian native Salvia species. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:184. [PMID: 37270541 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04004-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plants from Salvia genus contain widely distributed species which have been used in folk medicine as well as pharmaceutical and food industries. METHODS The chemical composition of 12 native Iranian Salvia species (14 plants) was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Also, the inhibitory activity of all essential oils (EOs) was evaluated toward α-glucosidase and two types of cholinesterase (ChE) using spectrophotometric methods. The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed by the determination of p-nitrophenol (pNP) obtained from the enzymatic dissociation of p-nitrophenol-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) as the substrate. In vitro ChE inhibitory assay was conducted based on the modified Ellman's procedure using the measurement of 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid produced from the hydrolysis of thiocholine derivatives as the substrate, in the presence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). RESULTS Totally, 139 compounds were detected and caryophyllene oxide and trans-β-caryophyllene were the most abundant compounds in all EOs. The yield of EOs extracted from the plants were also calculated in the range of 0.06 to 0.96% w/w. Herein, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 8 EOs was reported for the first time and among all, S. spinosa L. was found to be the most potent inhibitor (90.5 inhibition at 500 μg/mL). Also, the ChE inhibitory activity of 8 species was reported for the first time and our results showed that the BChE inhibitory effect of all EOs was more potent than that of AChE. The ChE inhibition assay indicated that S. mirzayanii Rech.f. & Esfand. collected from Shiraz was the most potent inhibitor (72.68% and 40.6% at the concentration of 500 μg/mL, toward AChE and BChE, respectively). CONCLUSIONS It seems that native Salvia species of Iran could be considered in the development of anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer's disease supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houra Jazayeri Gharehbagh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Dabaghian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roshanak Hariri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Koshkzari R, Mirzaii-Dizgah I, Moghaddasi M, Mirzaii-Dizgah MR. Saliva and Serum Acetyl cholinesterase Activity in Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2884-2888. [PMID: 36746849 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is mediated by the immune system that damages the myelin sheath. Most patients experience inflammation. Since one of the factors that have a role in reducing inflammation is acetylcholine, and according to the benefits of saliva, in this study, the level of salivary and serum cholinesterase activity in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy were evaluated. Thirty women with multiple sclerosis who were hospitalized in the neurology ward of Imam Reza and Hazrat Rasoul Hospitals and 30 healthy females participated in the study. The severity of multiple sclerosis was calculated by expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Saliva and serum samples were collected in the morning. Cholinesterase activity was assessed by a photometric method. The mean cholinesterase activity in stimulated and unstimulated saliva and serum significantly reduced in the multiple sclerosis group. The cutoff for differentiation of multiple sclerosis patients from healthy individuals by assessing cholinesterase activity (IU/L) was 3577 in serum, 241 in unstimulated saliva, and 266 in stimulated saliva. It seems that cholinesterase activity decreases in patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Koshkzari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Mirzaii-Dizgah
- Dep. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Moghaddasi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Skull Base Research Center, Five Senses Health Research Institute, Hazrat-E Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Özler E, Topal F, Topal M, Öztürk Sarıkaya SB. LC-HRMS Profiling and Phenolic Content, Cholinesterase, and Antioxidant Activities of Terminalia citrina. Chem Biodivers 2023:e202201250. [PMID: 37097755 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Terminalia citrina (T. citrina) belongs to the Combretaceae family and is included in the class of medicinal plants in tropical countries such as Bangladesh, Myanmar, and India. The antioxidant activities of lyophilized water (WTE) and alcohol extracts (ETE) of T. citrina fruits, their phenolic content by LC-HRMS, and their effects on cholinesterases (ChEs; AChE, acetylcholinesterase, and BChE, butyrylcholinesterase) were investigated. Especially ten different analytical methods were applied to determine the antioxidant capacity. Compared with similar studies for natural products in the literature, it was determined that both WTE and ETE exhibited strong antioxidant capacity. Syringe and ellagic acids were higher than other acids in ETE and WTE. IC50 values for ETE and WTE in DPPH radical and ABTS∙+ scavenging activities were calculated as 1.69-1.68 μg mL-1 and 6.79-5.78 μg mL-1, respectively. The results of the biological investigations showed that ETE and WTE had an inhibition effect against ChEs, with IC50 values of 94.87 and 130.90 mg mL-1 for AChE and 262.55 and 279.70 mg mL-1 for BChE, respectively. These findings indicate that with the prominence of herbal treatments, T. citrina plant may guide the literature in treating Alzheimer's Disease, preventing oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebubekir Özler
- Gümüşhane Üniversitesi: Gumushane Universitesi, Graduate Education Institute, Bağlarbaşı Mah., Gümüşhane, TURKEY
| | - Fevzi Topal
- Gumushane University: Gumushane Universitesi, Department of Chemical and Chemical Processing Technologies, Gümüşhane Vocational Scholll, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi , Gümüşhane Vocational School, 29100, Gümüşhane, TURKEY
| | - Meryem Topal
- Gümüşhane Üniversitesi: Gumushane Universitesi, Vocational School of Health Services, Bağlarbaşı Mah., Gümüşhane, TURKEY
| | - Sevim Beyza Öztürk Sarıkaya
- Gümüşhane Üniversitesi: Gumushane Universitesi, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bağlarbaşı Mah., Gümüşhane, TURKEY
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Schupp T, Weidner K, Rusnak J, Jawhar S, Forner J, Dulatahu F, Brück LM, Hoffmann U, Bertsch T, Müller J, Kittel M, Akin I, Behnes M. Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Plasma Albumin and Cholinesterase in Patients with Sepsis and Septic Shock. Med Princ Pract 2023; 32:133-142. [PMID: 37068474 PMCID: PMC10319091 DOI: 10.1159/000530631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite improved risk stratification tools and identification of novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis in patients with sepsis, sepsis-related mortality has not significantly improved during the past years. This study investigates the diagnostic and prognostic role of the plasma albumin and cholinesterase (ChE) in patients with sepsis and septic shock. METHODS Consecutive patients with sepsis and septic shock from 2019 to 2021 were included at one institution. Blood samples were obtained on the day of disease onset (day 1), and on days 2, 3, 5, and 7 thereafter. The diagnostic value of ChE for the diagnosis of a septic shock was compared to albumin and the prognostic value of the albumin and the ChE for 30-day all-cause mortality was tested. RESULTS 239 patients were included with a median albumin level of 21.4 g/dL and a median ChE of 5004 U/L on admission. With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.641-0.762 on days 3 and 5, the ChE was associated with moderate but better diagnostic discrimination between sepsis and septic shock than albumin. Furthermore, ChE was able to discriminate between 30-day non-survivors and survivors (range of AUC 0.612-0.686). Patients with a ChE below the median had higher rates of 30-days all-cause mortality in comparison to patients with a ChE above the median (65 vs. 42%, log rank p = 0.001; HR = 1.820; 95% CI = 1.273-2.601; p = 0.001), which was still demonstrated after multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSION The level of ChE was associated with moderate diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in patients with sepsis and septic shock, whereas albumin was not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schupp
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kathrin Weidner
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jonas Rusnak
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Schanas Jawhar
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan Forner
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Floriana Dulatahu
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Marie Brück
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ursula Hoffmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Bertsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Medicine and Transfusion Medicine, Nuremberg General Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Julian Müller
- Clinic for Interventional Electrophysiology, Heart Centre Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt a. d. Saale, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Kittel
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Behnes
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology and Medical Intensive Care, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS) and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Hogan IA, Kuo YC, Abubakar AN, Lawal B, Agboola AR, Lukman HY, Onikanni SA, Olawale F, Fadaka AO, Ibrahim YO, Babalola SB, Batiha GE, Albogami SM, Alorabi M, De Waard M, Huang HS. Attenuation of hyperglycemia-associated dyslipidemic, oxidative, cognitive, and inflammatory crises via modulation of neuronal ChEs/NF-κB/COX-2/NOx, and hepatorenal functional deficits by the Tridax procumbens extract. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114114. [PMID: 36525818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tridax procumbens (cotton buttons) is a flowering plant with a medicinal reputation for treating infections, wounds, diabetes, and liver and kidney diseases. The present research was conducted to evaluate the possible protective effects of the T. procumbens methanolic extract (TPME) on an experimentally induced type 2 diabetes rat model. Wistar rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were randomly allocated into five groups of five animals each, viz., a normal glycemic group (I), diabetic rats receiving distilled water group (II), diabetic rats with 150 (III) and 300 mg/kg of TPME (IV) groups, and diabetic rats with 100 mg/kg metformin group (V). All treatments were administered for 21 consecutive days through oral gavage. Results: Administration of the T. procumbens extract to diabetic rats significantly restored alterations in levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight loss, serum and pancreatic insulin levels, and pancreatic histology. Furthermore, T. procumbens significantly attenuated the dyslipidemia (increased cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in diabetic rats), serum biochemical alterations (alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid, and urea) and full blood count distortion in rats with STZ-induced diabetes. The TPME also improved the antioxidant status as evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA); and decreased levels of cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)), and proinflammatory mediators including nuclear factor (NF)-κB, cyclooxygenase (COX)- 2, and nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the brain of rats with STZ-induced diabetes compared to rats with STZ-induced diabetes that received distilled water. However, TPME treatment failed to attenuate the elevated monoamine oxidases and decreased dopamine levels in the brain of rats with STZ-induced diabetes. Extract characterization by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) identified isorhamnetin (retention time (RT)= 3.69 min, 8.8%), bixin (RT: 25.06 min, 4.72%), and lupeol (RT: 25.25 min, 2.88%) as the three most abundant bioactive compounds that could be responsible for the bioactivity of the plant. In conclusion, the TPME can be considered a promising alternative therapeutic option for managing diabetic complications owing to its antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects in rats with STZ-prompted diabetes.
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Chaudhary J, Jain A, Dhingra A, Chopra B, Sharma V, Gupta J, Kaushik A. 1,3-thiazole Derivatives: A Scaffold with Considerable Potential in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:2185-2196. [PMID: 37469159 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666230719124850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
1,3-thiazoles, which contain nitrogen and a sulfur atom is an unsaturated five-membered heterocyclic ring, have achieved a unique significant place in drug design and development because of their versatile structure and a variety of pharmacological activities, viz. anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, antidiabetic, etc. They have inspired researchers to design novel thiazole with different biological activities. The presence of the thiazole moiety has resulted in a large number of clinically useful drugs with a wide range of activities, such as Ritonavir (antiviral), Sulfathiazole (antimicrobial antibiotic), Abafungin, Ravuconazole (antifungal), Meloxicam (NSAID), etc., that further verify this statement. The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's is increasing at a rapid pace but existing treatments mainly provide symptomatic relief and are associated with undesired effects. Consequently, designing novel compounds with more effectiveness and reduced toxicity are required. 1,3-thiazole derivatives have emerged as excellent candidate in this regard and have an important role for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In the current review, we have gathered all the appropriate literature which demonstrate the remarkable role of 1,3-thiazole and its derivatives in these diseases that may help design new compounds with more desired characteristics. The literature was assessed through worldwide scientific databases like GOOGLE, SCOPUS, and PUBMED using different keywords, and only relevant information published in English was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Chaudhary
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Akash Jain
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Ashwani Dhingra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Jatin Gupta
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
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Čuchráč L, MydlárováBlaščáková M, Firment J, Šimonová J, Jarmila B, Vašková J. Occurrence of butyryl cholinesterase polymorphisms in patients undergoing surgery in Slovakia. Caspian J Intern Med 2023; 14:490-494. [PMID: 37520883 PMCID: PMC10379792 DOI: 10.22088/cjim.14.3.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Post-operative residual curarization is a persisting problem, characterized by muscle fatigue, exhaustion or paresis, caused by the use of neuromuscular blocking agents with prolonged postoperative effect. Genetically, determined changes in cholinesterase activity can be a major reason for persistent muscle blockade after administration of muscle relaxants. Methods Regarding the subsistence of polymorphisms in the plasma cholinesterase gene causing change in enzyme activity and metabolism of applied drugs, we investigated the frequency of two polymorphisms known to reduce its activity significantly in patients undergoing surgery. Results Primary results show a relatively high occurrence of plasma cholinesterase K risk allele (18.75%). Conclusion Characterization of the lacking information about genetic background of changes in plasma cholinesterase activity within Slovakia may allow for easier decision-making in clinical practice when selecting alternative neuromuscular blocking and also reversal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Čuchráč
- 1st Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Košice, and PavolJozefŠafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Marta MydlárováBlaščáková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov in Prešov, Ul. 17 novembra 1, 081 16 Prešov, Slovak Republic
| | - Jozef Firment
- 1st Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Košice, and PavolJozefŠafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jana Šimonová
- 1st Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Košice, and PavolJozefŠafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Bernasovská Jarmila
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov in Prešov, Ul. 17 novembra 1, 081 16 Prešov, Slovak Republic
| | - Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, PavolJozefŠafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66 Košice, Slovak Republic
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Danaei GH, Amali A, Karami M, Khorrami MB, Riahi-Zanjani B, Sadeghi M. The significance of thymoquinone administration on liver toxicity of diazinon and cholinesterase activity; a recommendation for prophylaxis among individuals at risk. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:321. [PMID: 36464690 PMCID: PMC9720986 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diazinon (DZN), a widely used chemical herbicide for controlling agricultural pests, is an important organophosphorus pesticide and an environmental pollutant which induces toxic effects on living organisms during long-term exposure. Thymoquinone (TQ) is a phytochemical bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to evaluate the protective effects of TQ against DZN-induced hepatotoxicity through alleviating oxidative stress and enhancing cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme activity. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8); a negative control group receiving corn oil; a group only receiving DZN (20 mg/kg/day); a group treated with TQ (10 mg/kg/day), and three treatment groups as TQ + DZN, receiving different doses of TQ (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg/day). All experimental animals were orally treated for 28 consecutive days. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined. In addition, ChE activity and histopathological changes were evaluated. RESULTS The results showed that DZN decreased GSH level (p < 0.01) and SOD activity (p < 0.01) in parallel to an increase in MDA level (p < 0.01) and increased the activity of AST, ALT, ALP, and LDH (p < 0.01) in comparison to the negative control group. Our findings demonstrated that TQ administration could diminish hepatotoxicity and reduce oxidative damage in DZN-treated rats, which could be linked to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties. It was also observed that TQ 10 mg/kg remarkably increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and SOD enzymes, elevated GSH, decreased MDA, and reduced pathological alternations of the liver induced by DZN. CONCLUSION Thymoquinone 10 mg/kg increased the activity of plasma and blood cholinesterases and reduced DZN-induced alternations of the liver. Improvement of butyryl- and acetylcholinesterase activity suggests that maybe TQ supplement could be beneficial as pre-exposure prophylaxis among farm workers spraying pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholam-Hassan Danaei
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arian Amali
- grid.411768.d0000 0004 1756 1744Student Research Committee, Paramedical Department, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karami
- grid.411623.30000 0001 2227 0923Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Bamdad Riahi-Zanjani
- grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Medical Toxicology Research Center (MTRC), Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmood Sadeghi
- grid.411701.20000 0004 0417 4622Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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32
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Fémy F, Meesemaecker G, Belverge N, Courageux C, Nervo A, Goulay R, Reymond C, Chantegreil F, Madi M, Nachon F, Taudon N, Jaffré N. Toxicokinetics of plasmatic VX in a swine model: comparison of a simple enzymatic titration method with a mass spectrometry method. Arch Toxicol 2022; 97:10.1007/s00204-022-03408-w. [PMID: 36326899 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent events have shown that organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) are a serious threat. Cholinesterase inhibition by OPNAs results in acetylcholine accumulation, a cholinergic crisis leading to death if untreated. Efficacy assessment of new medical countermeasures against OPNAs relies on translational animal models. We developed a swine model of percutaneous VX intoxication and a simple plate reader-based enzymatic method to quantify plasmatic VX over time. Juvenile pigs anesthetized with sevoflurane were poisoned with a single supralethal (n = 5; 1200 μg/kg) or sublethal (n = 6; 320 μg/kg) percutaneous dose of VX. These intoxicated animals were compared to 7 control animals. Repeated blood sampling was performed up to 6 h post-intoxication. Blood cholinesterase activities were measured using the Ellman assay. Nanomolar plasma concentrations of VX were measured by exogenous butyrylcholinesterase added to an aliquot of plasma. As expected, we observed a steady increase in plasma concentration of VX over time concomitant to a decrease in blood cholinesterase activities for all intoxicated pigs. Despite the simplicity of the enzymatic method, the results obtained are in good agreement with those of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. This method is also applicable to other OPNAs such as novichoks with minor adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fémy
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
- Service d'Accueil des Urgences, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - G Meesemaecker
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - N Belverge
- Unité de Développements Analytiques et Bioanalyse, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - C Courageux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - A Nervo
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - R Goulay
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - C Reymond
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - F Chantegreil
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - M Madi
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - F Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - N Taudon
- Unité de Développements Analytiques et Bioanalyse, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - N Jaffré
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
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Ejaz SA, Fayyaz A, Mahmood HMK, Aziz M, Ejaz SR, Alkhuriji AF, Al-Megrin WAI, Aborode AT, Batiha GES. 4-Phthalimidobenzenesulfonamide Derivatives as Acetyl cholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors: DFTs, 3D-QSAR, ADMET, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. NEURODEGENER DIS 2022; 22:122-138. [PMID: 36288689 DOI: 10.1159/000527516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease is a form of dementia which affects majority of the people. It is characterized by memory loss and other cognitive function disabilities and is one of the most challenging neurodegenerative disorders to treat because of its progressive nature. The disease affects millions of people all around the world, and the number of those affected is expanding every day. In the previous study, the 4-phthalimidobenzenesulfonamide derivatives were synthesized as AChE and BChE inhibitors, and here, we were aiming to further reporting in silico studies of these compounds for efficient drug discovery process and to find out the potential lead compounds. METHODS In silico characterization included density functional theory (DFT) studies, 3D-QSAR, ADMET properties, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations. The geometries of all derivatives were optimized using B3LYP method and 6-311G basis set. RESULTS The findings of the current study revealed that 4-phthalimidobenzenesulfonamide derivatives exhibited a reactive electronic property which is essential for anticholinesterase activity. Moreover, optimized structures were subjected to molecular docking studies with targeted protein. The compounds 2c and 2g showed excellent binding score of -37.44 and -33.67 kJ/mol with BChE and AChE, respectively, and exhibited strong binding affinity. The potent derivatives produced stable complex with amino acid residues of active pocket of both BChE and AChE. The stability of protein-ligand complexes was determined by molecular dynamic simulation studies, and results were found in correlation with molecular docking findings. CONCLUSION Findings of the current study suggested that these derivatives are potent inhibitors of cholinesterase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Fayyaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mohammad Kashif Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Rabia Ejaz
- Department of Physics, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Afrah Fahad Alkhuriji
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Abdullah I Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Akomolafe SF, Asowata-Ayodele AM. Roasted cashew ( Anacardium occidentale L.) nut-enhanced diet forestalls cisplatin-initiated brain harm in rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11066. [PMID: 36276737 PMCID: PMC9578995 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The incessant dose constraining symptom of the chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin is neurotoxicity. This examination tried to explore the neuroprotective impact of roasted cashew nut-enhanced diet against brain deficits related with treatment with cisplatin. Rats were separated in to six groups: Control, CIS (cisplatin [7 mg/kg body weight, i.p]), CIS +10% CN (cisplatin plus 10% roasted cashew nut), CIS +20% CN (cisplatin plus 20% roasted cashew nut), 10% CN (10% roasted cashew nut) and 20% CN (20% roasted cashew nut) for 28 days. Key enzymes associated with brain function, including cholinesterases (AChE and BChE), monoaminergic enzyme (MAO), arginase, and adenosine deaminase (ADA), were investigated after the treatment. The following oxidative stress indicators were also measured in the rat brain: glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total thiol (T-SH), non-protein thiol (NPSH), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD). Our outcomes demonstrated that roasted cashew nut enhanced diet showed inhibitory impact on activities of AChE, BChE, ADA, MAO and arginase in cisplatin-induced rats. The roasted cashew nut supplemented diet also boosted redox equilibrium and displayed protection against cispaltin-induced oxidative damage to rats' brains by an increase in SOD, CAT, GST and GPx activities, TAC, T-SH, NPSH and NO levels as well as a considerable drop in ROS and RBARS levels. Roasted cashew nut enhanced diet additionally forestalled neuronal degeneration in rat brain. Thus, roasted cashew nuts could be used as a nutraceutical or functional food to treat cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Practical applications The results show that increasing roasted cashew nut consumption can significantly improve antioxidant status, reduce lipid peroxidation, and suppress cholinesterase, adenosine deaminase, monoamine oxidase, and arginase activities in the brain under cisplatin-induced circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun F. Akomolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B. 5363, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria,Corresponding author.
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Swaraz AM, Sultana F, Shahin Ahmed K, Satter MA, Hossain H, Raihan O, Brishti A, Khalil I, Hua Gan S. Polyphenols profile and enzyme inhibitory properties of Blumea lacera (Burm. f.) DC.: a potential candidate against obesity, aging, and skin disorder. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200282. [PMID: 35983910 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Blumea lacera (Burm. f.) DC. is attracting scientific interest due to the diverse biological activities of its various parts and its use in folk medicine. The present study was undertaken to investigate the tissue-specific differential expression pattern of its total bioactive compounds. The study was further extended to whole plant phenolics profiling, in vitro enzyme inhibition activities, followed by in silico enzyme inhibition analysis to assess its potential as herbal medicine. The amount of total phenolics in different tissues was followed in decreasing order as old leaf, flower bud, root, young leaf, flower, old stem, and young stem, while that for the flavonoids was old leaf, root, young leaf, flower bud, flower, young stem, and old stem. This study identified rosmarinic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol in this plant for the first time. The solvent extracts demonstrated strong inhibition of lipase and tyrosinase activity, along with varying degrees of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity. Among the detected compounds, ten displayed strong in silico binding affinities with the tested enzymes. The findings provide a new insight into further investigation of the medicinal potential of this species against obesity, neurological disorders, and aberrant skin color.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Swaraz
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Fariha Sultana
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Khondoker Shahin Ahmed
- Chemical from Indigenous Sources, Chemical Research Division (CRD), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A Satter
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Hemayet Hossain
- Chemical from Indigenous Sources, Chemical Research Division (CRD), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Obayed Raihan
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 1301 N. Columbia Rd, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Afrina Brishti
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, 1301 N. Columbia Rd, Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Ibrahim Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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Guo J, Cheng M, Liu P, Cao D, Luo J, Wan Y, Fang Y, Jin Y, Xie SS, Liu J. A multi-target directed ligands strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Dimethyl fumarate plus Tranilast modified Dithiocarbate as AChE inhibitor and Nrf2 activator. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 242:114630. [PMID: 35987018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) possessed intricate pathogenesis. Currently, multi-targeted drugs were considered to have the potential to against AD by simultaneously triggering molecules in functionally complementary pathways. Hence, a series of molecules based on the pharmacophoric features of Dimethyl fumarate, Tranilast, and Dithiocarbate were designed and synthesized. These compounds showed significant AChE inhibitory activity in vitro. Among them, compound 4c2 displayed the mighty inhibitory activity to hAChE (IC50 = 0.053 μM) and held the ability to cross the BBB. Kinetic study and molecular docking pointed out that 4c2 bound well into the active sites of hAChE, forming steady and sturdy interactions with key residues in hAChE. Additionally, 4c2 as an Nrf2 activator could promote the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein and induce the expressions of Nrf2-dependent enzymes HO-1, NQO1, and GPX4. Moreover, 4c2 rescued BV-2 cells from H2O2-induced injury and inhibited ROS accumulation. For the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of 4c2, we observed that 4c2 could lower the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (NO, IL-6 and TNF-α) and suppressed the expressions of iNOS and COX-2. In particular, 4c2 was well tolerated in mice (2500 mg/kg, p.o.) and efficaciously recovered the memory impairment in a Scopolamine-induced mouse model. Overall, these results highlighted that 4c2 was a promising multi-targeted agent for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China; National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Maojun Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Duanyuan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Jinchong Luo
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yang Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yuanying Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China
| | - Sai-Sai Xie
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, PR China.
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Nascimento S, Brucker N, Göethel G, Sauer E, Peruzzi C, Gauer B, Tureta E, Flesch I, Cestonaro L, Pierre TS, Gioda A, Garcia SC. Children Environmentally Exposed to Agrochemicals in Rural Areas Present Changes in Oxidative Status and DNA Damage. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3511-3518. [PMID: 34668114 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02950-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rural children are exposed to several chemicals. This study evaluated the environmental co-exposure of rural children to cholinesterase inhibitor insecticides and metals/metalloids, and the resulting oxidative stress and DNA damage. Seventy-two children (5 to 16 years old) were studied at two different moments: period 1, when agrochemicals were less used, and period 2, when agrochemicals were extensively used in agriculture. Biomonitoring was performed by evaluating butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity in serum; arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and nickel (Ni) levels in blood; malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma; glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in whole blood; non-protein thiol levels in erythrocytes; and micronuclei (MN) assay in exfoliated buccal cells. Cr and As levels were higher than the reference values in both periods, and Ni levels were higher than the reference values in period 2 alone. BuChE activity was inhibited in period 2 compared with period 1. In period 2, there was an increase in endogenous antioxidants and a decrease in MDA, probably demonstrating a compensatory mechanism as a response to increasing xenobiotics. Also in period 2, the MN frequency increased and BuChE and As were positively associated, suggesting co-exposure. On the other hand, in period 1, it was observed that Cr, Ni, and Pb blood levels were negatively associated with GSH-Px and GST, while MDA was positively associated with As levels. Our findings demonstrated an imbalance in endogenous antioxidants, contributing to genotoxicity and lipoperoxidation, probably in response to exposure to xenobiotics, especially carcinogenic elements (Cr, As, and Ni).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Nascimento
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Göethel
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisa Sauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Caroline Peruzzi
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Tureta
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Flesch
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Larissa Cestonaro
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Saint' Pierre
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio de Janeiro, (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana Gioda
- Department of Chemistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio de Janeiro, (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Rua São Luis 150-Anexo II, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP, 90610-000, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Oh JM, Kang Y, Hwang JH, Park JH, Shin WH, Mun SK, Lee JU, Yee ST, Kim H. Synthesis of 4-substituted benzyl-2-triazole-linked-tryptamine-paeonol derivatives and evaluation of their selective inhibitions against butyryl cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:910-921. [PMID: 35908673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cholinesterase (ChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are being used and developed to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD), a major type of dementia patients. Fifteen 4-substituted benzyl-2-triazole-linked-tryptamine-paeonol derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), and B (MAO-B). Compound 896 was the most potent BChE inhibitor (IC50 = 0.13 μM) with the selectivity index (SI) value of >769.23 for BChE over AChE. Compound 897 was the most potent selective MAO-B inhibitor (IC50 = 0.73 μM; SI = 20.45 for MAO-B over MAO-A). The meta-CF3 substituent of 896 increased BChE inhibitory activity and the para-CF3 substituent of 897 increased MAO-B inhibitory activity. Compound 896 was a reversible noncompetitive BChE inhibitor (Ki = 0.171 μM) and 897 was a reversible competitive MAO-B inhibitor (Ki = 0.237 μM). Compound 896 had a lower binding energy (-13.75 kcal/mol) to BChE than 897 (-11.29 kcal/mol), and 897 had a lower binding energy to MAO-B (-11.31 kcal/mol) than that to MAO-A (-6.72 kcal/mol). Little cytotoxicity was observed for 896 and 897 to normal cells (MDCK) and human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y). This study suggested that 896 and 897 are therapeutic candidates for various neurodegenerative disorders such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujung Kang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Hwang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Park
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woong-Hee Shin
- Department of Chemical Science Education, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea; Department of Advanced Components and Materials Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Ki Mun
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Uk Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Tae Yee
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Zhou Q, Yu L, Yin C, Zhang Q, Wang X, Kang K, Shao D, Wang Q. Effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on delayed neurocognitive recovery in elderly patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022. [PMID: 35809206 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate whether transauricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) could decrease the incidence of delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR) in elderly adults after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). METHODS A prospective, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial was designed. In total, 124 elderly patients undergoing TJA were enrolled and randomly assigned to taVNS group (n = 62), who received taVNS at 1 h before anesthetic induction until the end of surgery, or sham stimulation (SS) group (n = 62), who received SS in the same manner. Neuropsychological batteries were performed before and at 1 week after surgery to assess the incidence of dNCR. Blood samples were collected before surgery and at 1 day after surgery to detect the activity of cholinesterase (AChE and BChE), as well as the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and HMGB1) and brain damage factor S100β. RESULTS Of 124 patients, 119 completed 1 week neuropsychological tests. The incidence of dNCR was significantly decreased in taVNS group [10% (6/60)] compared with the SS group [27.1% (16/59)] (P < 0.05). Patients who received taVNS had lower blood levels of AChE, BChE, IL-6, HMGB1, and S100β after surgery (P < 0.05), as compared with those in the SS group. There was no difference in TNF-α between the two groups. CONCLUSION The taVNS can decrease the incidence of dNCR after TJA in elderly patients, which may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production and the reduction of cholinesterase activity.
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Kemadjou Dibacto RE, Akamba Ambamba BD, Ella FA, Biyegue Nyangono CF, Kamga Nanhah JV, Fonkoua M, Minka RS, Ngondi JL. The neuroprotective effect of Xylopia parviflora against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09896. [PMID: 35855984 PMCID: PMC9287802 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease, are progressive disorders which has been linked to oxidative imbalance and associated perturbations characterised by loss of memory, cognition and cholinergic deficit. To date, cholinesterase inhibition and neuroprotection are the two major strategies in drug development. Xylopia parviflora (Annonacea family) is a spice consumed in Cameroon and has been used in traditional medicine to treat various pains. In this study, X. parviflora was evaluated on behavioural studies, ion homeostasis, cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Rats were exposed to aluminium chloride (75 mg/kg) during 60 days, and were treated with the extract of X. parviflora (150 and 300 mg/kg BW) and two drugs references (Donepezil and Curcumin). Behavioural parameters were assessed using the Morris-Maze test and the Open Field, followed by biochemical investigations, namely, cholinesterase enzyme activity (AChE and BChE), oxidative stress (NO, MDA, GSH level, SOD and Catalase activities) and ion homeostasis (Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels). AlCl3 administration shows a decrease in learning and memory improvement during behavioural studies, significant alteration of the central cholinergic system characterised by an increase in AChE and BChE activities to 2.72 ± 0.002 mol/min/g and 5.74 ± 0.12 mol/min/g respectively, disturbance of ion homeostasis with an increase in Ca2+ level (25.68 ± 3.78 μmol/mg protein) and a decrease in Mg2+ level (15.97 ± 2.05 μmol/mg protein) and an increase in oxidative stress compared to the positive control group. Treatment with the different doses of X. parviflora increased memory and improved locomotion, improved cholinesterase activities, ion homeostasis and stabilized brain oxidative stress levels. The study suggests that X. parviflora could potentially be used for the management of some biochemical alterations associated with Alzheimer's disease. It could even be a good alternative to chemical drugs for neurotoxicity and memory enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Edwige Kemadjou Dibacto
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.,Centre for Food and Nutrition Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Fils Armand Ella
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | | | - Martin Fonkoua
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Réné Samuel Minka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Judith Laure Ngondi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Van Cong N, Giao NT, Hang BTB. Sensitivity of cholinesterase activity in juvenile giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man, 1879) to organophosphate diazinon. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 238:113578. [PMID: 35526457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides containing diazinon are frequently used in agriculture in the Vietnamese Mekong delta region leading to their potential residual occurrence in the environment. Under laboratory conditions, exposure to diazinon has been shown to result in adverse inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme (ChE) activity and subsequent death in several fish species. This study investigated a 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of diazinon concentrations from 0.08 to 1.25 mg/L on juvenile giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man, 1879) in tanks in the laboratory. Inhibition of ChE in the flesh and in the eyes of the tested shrimps after exposed to diazinon concentrations of 2.7, 27, 67.5 μg/L equivalent to 1%, 10%, 25% LC50-96 h was calculated. The results indicated that diazinon was highly toxic to giant freshwater prawn with a low LC50-96 h of 270 μg/L. The activity of ChE in the flesh was more sensitive to diazinon than that in the eyes. Furthermore, in the future, the activity of ChE in the flesh or in the eyes of shrimps has potential to be used as biomarker for rapid recognition of diazinon contamination in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Cong
- College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Viet Nam.
| | - Nguyen Thanh Giao
- College of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Viet Nam
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Moncaleano-Niño AM, Gómez-Cubillos MC, Luna-Acosta A, Villamil L, Casseres-Ruiz S, Ahrens MJ. Monitoring metallothionein-like protein concentrations and cholinesterase activity in tropical cup oysters as biomarkers of exposure to metals and pesticides in the southern Caribbean, Colombia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:25157-25183. [PMID: 34837617 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metallothionein-like protein concentrations (MT) and three functionally defined fractions of cholinesterase activity (ChE) were quantified in gill and digestive gland homogenates of tropical cup oysters from 5 nearshore locations in the Colombian Caribbean and correlated with sediment and tissue metal (9 metals) and pesticide (22 organophosphates, OPs, and 20 organochlorines-OCPs), as well as water physical-chemical parameters (salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen). Tissue and sediment pesticide concentrations were below detection limits in all samples, whereas sediment and tissue metal concentrations exceeded environmental thresholds at several locations. Tissue MT and ChE biomarkers varied by a factor of 5-6 between locations. Inhibition of cholinesterase activity was negligible for all 5 sites, despite spatial-temporal variation in ChE activity, consistent with below-detection OP concentrations. Tissue MT and ChE biomarkers correlated with tissue and metal sediment concentrations, yet, statistically significant covariance between biomarkers and water chemistry parameters was also observed, indicating that both, metal concentrations and physical-chemical variables, are likely to be responsible for generating the observed spatial-temporal variations in biomarker patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Moncaleano-Niño
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Maria Camila Gómez-Cubillos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Biology, Ichthyology Laboratory, Ecology and Systematics Unit (UNESIS), Pontifical Javeriana University, Transversal 4 No. 42-00, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrea Luna-Acosta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Ecology and Territory, Faculty of Environmental and Rural Studies, Pontifical Javeriana University, Transversal 4 No. 42-00, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luisa Villamil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
- Faculty of Engineering, PhD in Biosciences, La Sabana University, Campus "Puente del Común," Km. 7, Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Colombia
| | - Samuel Casseres-Ruiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Michael J Ahrens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogota, Colombia.
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Takano Y, Haruki K, Tsukihara S, Ito D, Kanno H, Son K, Hanyu N, Eto K. The impact of low serum cholinesterase levels on survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2022; 37:869-77. [PMID: 35290483 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-022-04119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nutritional and inflammatory status have been associated with postoperative recurrence and poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between serum cholinesterase levels and postoperative outcomes among patients who underwent curative resection for colorectal cancer. METHODS The study comprised 174 patients who had undergone curative resection for colorectal cancer. We explored the relationship between preoperative serum cholinesterase levels and disease-free survival and overall survival after curative resection. Then patients were divided into the high-cholinesterase group (n = 102) and the low-cholinesterase group (n = 72) to analyze their clinicopathological variables including other nutritional markers and systemic inflammatory responses. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis (P = 0.011) and serum cholinesterase levels (P < 0.01) were independent predictors of disease-free survival, while lymph node metastasis (P = 0.013), serum cholinesterase levels (P < 0.01), and carbohydrate antigen19-9 (P = 0.022) were independent predictors of overall survival. In the low-cholinesterase group, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, (P = 0.021), C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (P < 0.01), and distant metastasis (P < 0.01) were higher, and prognostic nutritional index (P < 0.01) was lower compared with the high-cholinesterase group. CONCLUSION Preoperative low serum cholinesterase levels can be a prognostic factor for postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis in patients after curative resection for colorectal cancer, suggesting an important role of cholinesterase in the assessment of nutritional and inflammatory status in cancer patients.
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A. Al-Hamoud G, Al-Musayeib NM, Amina M, Ibrahim SR. Abubidentin A, New Oleanane-type Triterpene Ester from Abutilon bidentatum and its antioxidant, cholinesterase and antimicrobial activities. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13040. [PMID: 35282288 PMCID: PMC8916034 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This work describes the phytochemical and biological investigation of aerial parts of Abutilon bidentatum Hochst. Of Saudi origin. Methodology Petroleum ether fraction of ethanolic extract A. bidentatum was fractionated on a silica gel column and further purified with different chromatographic procedures for the isolation of chemical compounds. The chemical structures of all the pure isolated compounds were elucidated by the interpretation of their spectral data using IR, UV, 1H, 13C NMR, and MS spectroscopy and chemical methods (alkaline hydrolysis) as well as comparison with data reported in the literature. The extract and isolated compounds were evaluated for antioxidant, cholinesterase inhibitory, and antimicrobial activities. Results A new oleanane-type triterpene ester, namely abubidentin A (3) (α, 3β, 30-trihydroxy-29-carboxy-olean-9(11), 12-diene-3-dotriacontanoate), along with two known compounds: 2-hydroxydocosanoic acid (1) and stigmasta-22-ene-3-β-ol (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Abutilon bidentatum Hochst. (Malvaceae). Concerning the biological potential, the abubidentinA displayed antioxidant, cholinesterase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities. AbubidentinA possessed strong antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging assays. This new triterpene exhibited high inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (IC50 38.13 ± 0.07 µgmL-1) and butyrylcholinesterase (IC50 32.68 ± 0.37 µgmL-1). Abubidentin A displayed promising antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus (125-150 µgmL-1). Conclusion These findings suggest A. bidentatum can contribute as a source of new biologically active compounds, especially antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadah A. Al-Hamoud
- Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Musarat Amina
- Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kohoutova Z, Malinak D, Andrys R, Svobodova J, Psotka M, Schmidt M, Prchal L, Musilek K. Charged pyridinium oximes with thiocarboxamide moiety are equally or less effective reactivators of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterases compared to analogous carboxamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:760-767. [PMID: 35193448 PMCID: PMC8881075 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2041628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The organophosphorus antidotes, so-called oximes, are able to restore the enzymatic function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) via cleavage of organophosphate from the active site of the phosphylated enzyme. In this work, the charged pyridinium oximes containing thiocarboxamide moiety were designed, prepared and tested. Their stability and pKa properties were found to be analogous to parent carboxamides (K027, K048 and K203). The inhibitory ability of thiocarboxamides was found in low µM levels for AChE and high µM levels for BChE. Their reactivation properties were screened on human recombinant AChE and BChE inhibited by nerve agent surrogates and paraoxon. One thiocarboxamide was able to effectively restore function of NEMP- and NEDPA-AChE, whereas two thiocarboxamides were able to reactivate BChE inhibited by all tested organophosphates. These results were confirmed by reactivation kinetics, where thiocarboxamides were proved to be effective, but less potent reactivators if compared to carboxamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Kohoutova
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Andrys
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodova
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Psotka
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Schmidt
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Dash UC, Swain SK, Kanhar S, Banjare P, Roy PP, Dandapat J, Sahoo AK. The modulatory role of prime identified compounds in Geophila repens in mitigating scopolamine-induced neurotoxicity in experimental rats of Alzheimer's disease via attenuation of cholinesterase, β-secretase, MAPt levels and inhibition of oxidative stress imparts inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114637. [PMID: 34534598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Geophila repens (L.) I.M. Johnst (Rubiaceae) is a small perennial creeper native to India, China, and other countries in Southeast Asia. The hot decoction of leaves is used orally for memory enhancing by the local folk of Andhra Pradesh, India. The ethnomedicinal claim of G. repens as memory enhancer was initially studied by the authors. Results demonstrated the important antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of isolated molecule Pentylcurcumene and bioactive hydroalcohol extract of leaves of G. repens (GRHA). AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the previous findings, additional research is needed to examine the efficacy of GRHA for memory enhancing properties. We therefore investigated the modulatory role of prime identified compounds in GRHA in mitigating scopolamine-induced neurotoxicity in experimental rats of Alzheimer's disease (AD) via attenuation of cholinesterase, β-secretase, MAPt levels and inhibition of oxidative stress imparts inflammation. METHODS Scopolamine (3 mg/kg) induced experimental rats of AD were treated with GRHA (300, 400 mg/kg) for 14 days. During the experimental period, elevated T-maze and locomotion-activity were performed to assess learning and memory efficacy of GRHA. At the end of the experiment, biochemical, neurochemical, neuroinflammation and histopathological observation of brain cortex were examined. GC-MS/MS analysis reported 31 compounds, among them 8 bioactive compounds possess antioxidant, neuroinflammation, neuroprotective activities, and were considered for docking analysis towards cholinesterase, β-secretase activities in AD. RESULTS GRHA 400 significantly improved learning and memory impairment with the improvement of oxidative stress (MDA, SOD, GSH, CAT), DNA damage (8-OHdG), neurochemical (AChE, BuChE, BACE1, BACE2, MAPt), neuroinflammation (IL-6, TNF-α) markers in neurotoxic rats. Docking studies of 8 compounds demonstrated negative binding energies for cholinesterase and β-secretase indicating high affinity for target enzymes in AD. Test results were corroborated by the improvement of cellular tissue architecture of brain cortex in AD rats. CONCLUSION Synergistic action of genistin, quercetin-3-D-galactoside, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic-acid methyl-ester, phytol, retinal, stigmasterol, n-hexadecanoic acid, β-sitosterol in GRHA restores memory-deficits via attenuation of cholinesterase, β-secretase, MAPt level and inhibition of oxidative-stress imparts inflammation in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Chandra Dash
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Swain
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Satish Kanhar
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India
| | - Purusottam Banjare
- Division of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Partha Pratim Roy
- Division of Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, 751004, India
| | - Atish Kumar Sahoo
- Regional Plant Resource Centre, Medicinal & Aromatic Plant Division, Forest & Environment Department, Govt. of Odisha, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar, 751015, India.
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Kamecki F, Knez D, Carvalho D, Marcucci C, Rademacher M, Higgs J, Žakelj S, Marcos A, de Tezanos Pinto F, Abin-Carriquiry JA, Gobec S, Colettis N, Marder M. Multitarget 2'-hydroxychalcones as potential drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and their comorbidities. Neuropharmacology 2021; 201:108837. [PMID: 34653442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The complex nature of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) calls for multidirectional treatment. Restoring neurotransmitter levels by combined inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs) and monoamine oxidases (MAOs, MAO-A and MAO-B), in conjunction with strategies to counteract amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation, may constitute a therapeutically strong multi-target approach for the treatment of NDDs. Chalcones are a subgroup of flavonoids with a broad spectrum of biological activity. We report here the synthesis of 2'-hydroxychalcones as MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors. Compounds 5c (IC50 = 0.031 ± 0.001 μM), 5a (IC50 = 0.084 ± 0.003 μM), 2c (IC50 = 0.095 ± 0.019 μM) and 2a (IC50 = 0.111 ± 0.006 μM) were the most potent, selective and reversible inhibitors of human (h)MAO-B isoform. hMAO-B inhibitors 1a, 2a and 5a also inhibited murine MAO-B in vivo in mouse brain homogenates. Molecular modelling rationalised the binding mode of 2'-hydroxychalcones in the active site of hMAO-B. Additionally, several derivatives inhibited murine acetylcholinesterase (mAChE) (IC50 values from 4.37 ± 0.83 μM to 15.17 ± 6.03 μM) and reduced the aggregation propensity of Aβ. Moreover, some derivatives bound to the benzodiazepine binding site (BDZ-bs) of the γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors (1a and 2a with Ki = 4.9 ± 1.1 μM and 5.0 ± 1.1 μM, respectively), and exerted sedative and/or anxiolytic like effects on mice. The biological results reported here on 2'-hydroxychalcones provide an extension to previous studies on chalcone scaffold and show them as a potential treatment strategy for NDDs and their associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Kamecki
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Diego Carvalho
- Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Carolina Marcucci
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marina Rademacher
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Josefina Higgs
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Simon Žakelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Alejandra Marcos
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Felicitas de Tezanos Pinto
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Juan Andrés Abin-Carriquiry
- Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, 11600, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Natalia Colettis
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariel Marder
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro C. Paladini, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Yang Y, Yang X, Yang J. Cholinesterase level is a predictor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and complications after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Palliat Med 2021; 10:11714-11720. [PMID: 34872296 DOI: 10.21037/apm-21-2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the changes of serum cholinesterase (S-ChE) levels in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and its predictive value for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). METHODS Forty-two patients with SIRS after CPB were selected as the SIRS group. Another 42 patients who did not develop SIRS after CPB were selected as the control group. The S-ChE levels of patients were compared between the two groups at the time of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and 48 hours after admission to the ICU. The correlation between S-ChE levels and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationII (APACHEII) score, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels was compared between the two groups at the time of ICU admission and 48 hours after ICU admission, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to analyze the accuracy of S-ChE level in diagnosing MODS in patients with SIRS after CPB. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the S-ChE levels among the non-SIRS patients between the time of admission to the ICU and 48 hours later. However, the S-ChE levels in SIRS patients exhibited a decreasing trend from 48 hours after ICU admission compared with those at the time of ICU admission. Meanwhile, the S-ChE levels were obviously lower in SIRS patients than in non-SIRS patients at those two time points. Furthermore, we found that S-ChE levels were negatively correlated with APACHEII scores as well as the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 at ICU admission and 48 hours after ICU admission in SIRS patients. Meanwhile, S-ChE levels were associated with the occurrence of MODS of SIRS patients. Subsequent ROC curve analysis revealed that early S-ChE levels could predict the occurrence of SIRS complicated by MODS after CBP. CONCLUSIONS S-ChE was significantly decreased in patients with SIRS after CPB, and the decrease of S-ChE in the early stage was closely related to the severity of SIRS after CBP and the increase of inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, there was a close relationship between S-ChE activity and MODS in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolei Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
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Erban T, Klimov PB, Harant K, Talacko P, Nesvorna M, Hubert J. Label-free proteomic analysis reveals differentially expressed Wolbachia proteins in Tyrophagus putrescentiae: Mite allergens and markers reflecting population-related proteome differences. J Proteomics 2021; 249:104356. [PMID: 34438106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tyrophagus putrescentiae is an astigmatid mite of great economic, medical and veterinary importance. The microbiome, especially intracellular bacteria, may affect allergy/allergen expression. We targeted Wolbachia proteins, allergen comparisons and markers in Wolbachia-mite interactions in three mite populations. A decoy database was constructed by proteogenomics using the T. putrescentiae draft genome, Wolbachia transcriptome assembly and current T. putrescentiae-related sequences in GenBank. Among thousands of mite-derived proteins, 18 Wolbachia proteins were reliably identified. We suggest that peroxiredoxin, bacterioferritin, ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein and DegQ family serine endoprotease indicate a higher-level bacterium-bacterium-host interaction. We produced evidence that the host-Wolbachia interaction is modulated through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), mannose-binding lectins/mannose receptors, the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway with TNF-α, and others. We observed Tyr p 3 suppression in mites with Wolbachia, linking trypsin to PRR modulation. Nine out of the 12 current WHO/IUIS official allergens were reliably identified, but the remaining three allergens, Tyr p 1, 8 and 35, were detected as only trace hits. This study provides numerous markers for further Wolbachia-host interaction research. For accuracy, mite allergens should be considered according to abundance in species, but mite populations/strains, as well as their microbiome structure, may be key factors. SIGNIFICANCE: The astigmatid mites occurring in homes are significant producers of allergens that are highly dangerous to humans and domesticated animals. Mites are tightly associated with microorganisms that affect their biology and consequently allergy signatures. Mite populations were found to be infected with certain intracellular bacteria, but some populations lacked an intracellular bacterium. Our previous research showed that some populations of Tyrophagus putrescentiae are infected with Wolbachia, but some populations host additional bacteria of interest. Thus, there are not only interactions between the mites and Wolbachia but also likely an additional level of interaction that can be found in the interaction between different bacteria in the mites. These "higher-level" signatures and consequences that bacteria affect, including allergen production, are not understood in mites. In this study, we identified Wolbachia-specific proteins in mites for the first time. This study provides Wolbachia- and mite-derived markers that can be clues for describing "higher-level" mite-bacterium-bacterium interactions. Indeed, the microbiome contribution to allergies can potentially be derived directly from bacterial proteins, especially if they are abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Erban
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, Prague 6-Ruzyne CZ-16106, Czechia.
| | - Pavel B Klimov
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2 UW, UK; Institute of Biology, University of Tyumen, Pirogova 3, 625043 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Karel Harant
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, Vestec CZ-25242, Czechia; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benatska 2, Prague 2 CZ-128 01, Czechia
| | - Pavel Talacko
- Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Prumyslova 595, Vestec CZ-25242, Czechia
| | - Marta Nesvorna
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, Prague 6-Ruzyne CZ-16106, Czechia
| | - Jan Hubert
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, Prague 6-Ruzyne CZ-16106, Czechia
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Aramjoo H, Riahi-Zanjani B, Farkhondeh T, Forouzanfar F, Sadeghi M. Modulatory effect of opioid administration on the activity of cholinesterase enzyme: a systematic review of mice/rat models. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:52675-52688. [PMID: 34453251 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to review the literature to find the specific effect of opioids on the activity of cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme which plays a substantial role in the functioning of cholinergic system. Literature search was performed by two independent reviewers in order to find relevant articles about the changes in the activity of ChE in mice or rat following opioid administration. Based on findings from literature review, opioid administration is able to induce cholinergic modulation via decreasing or increasing the activity of ChE enzyme. However, the degree of variation of ChE in various brain regions is different. No gender differences was reported in the effect of opioids on ChE activity. Although chronic opioid administration may decrease enzyme function, ChE activity might be unchanged following opioid withdrawal using naloxone or the development of tolerance. Opioid type affects whether or not naloxone can reverse the changes of ChE. Direct inhibitory action of morphine and the other opioid ligands believed responsible for the decrease in the ChE activity. Moreover, the potency of codeine to induce allosteric enhancement of acetylcholine receptor signaling might be involved in the cholinergic modulation of codeine and other opioids. Animal studies on rat and mice showed that opioids may change the activity of ChE. These changes can pertain an increase or decrease in enzyme activity; as there might be no change. The type of opioid used may have an effect on the cholinergic modulation. It is beneficial to conduct cross-sectional and cohort studies on addicted individuals, especially opium abusers, to find the precise association of opioids with alterations in human acetyl cholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase. Simulation studies can also examine the structure-function relationships and provide important details to better understand the mechanism of action of opioid compounds on ChE activity. In addition, understanding how opioids impact ChE activity may help perform proper interventions for drug abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Aramjoo
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bamdad Riahi-Zanjani
- Medical Toxicology Research Center (MTRC), Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmood Sadeghi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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