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Salas-Ambrosio P, Vexler S, P S R, Chen IA, Maynard HD. Caffeine and Cationic Copolymers with Antimicrobial Properties. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2023; 3:189-200. [PMID: 37096032 PMCID: PMC10119941 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.2c00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the primary global health concerns is the increase in antimicrobial resistance. Polymer chemistry enables the preparation of macromolecules with hydrophobic and cationic side chains that kill bacteria by destabilizing their membranes. In the current study, macromolecules are prepared by radical copolymerization of caffeine methacrylate as the hydrophobic monomer and cationic- or zwitterionic-methacrylate monomers. The synthesized copolymers bearing tert-butyl-protected carboxybetaine as cationic side chains showed antibacterial activity toward Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). By tuning the hydrophobic content, we prepared copolymers with optimal antibacterial activity against S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant clinical isolates. Moreover, the caffeine-cationic copolymers presented good biocompatibility in a mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line, NIH 3T3, and hemocompatibility with erythrocytes even at high hydrophobic monomer content (30-50%). Therefore, incorporating caffeine and introducing tert-butyl-protected carboxybetaine as a quaternary cation in polymers could be a novel strategy to combat bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Salas-Ambrosio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shelby Vexler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 508 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rajalakshmi P S
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Irene A. Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 508 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nano Systems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Li X, Chen XX, Xu Y, Xu XB, Wu WF, Zhao Q, Hu JN. Construction of Glycogen-Based Nanoparticles Loaded with Resveratrol for the Alleviation of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:409-423. [PMID: 34964604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to construct a glycogen (Gly)-based nanoparticle (NP) with liver-targeted and redox response to effectively deliver resveratrol (Res) for improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Herein, Gly was modified using α-lipoic acid (α-LA) and lactobionic acid (Lac) to obtain an amphiphilic polymer (Gly-LA-Lac), which was self-assembled in water and then encapsulated in Res to form Res NPs with excellent stability. As expected, the Res NPs exhibited liver-targeted and redox response release behavior. In vitro cell studies demonstrated that the nanocarrier treatment enhanced the cellular uptake of Res and reduced oxidative stress and inflammatory factor levels. Meanwhile, the in vivo tests proved that the nanocarriers effectively reduced hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress levels via regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway to improve liver damage in NAFLD mice. In conclusion, this study provides a promising strategy through the construction of Gly-based nanocarriers for the encapsulation of Res to effectively alleviate the process of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Xin Chen
- Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang 330052, China
| | - Yu Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Bing Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fei Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Ning Hu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P. R. China
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Gao W, Li B, Zong L, Yu L, Li X, Li Q, Zhang X, Zhang S, Xu K. Electrochemical Tandem Cyclization of Unsaturated Oximes with Diselenides: A General Approach to Seleno Isoxazolines Derivatives with Quaternary Carbon Center. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Gao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Beibei Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Luyi Zong
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Lintao Yu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Xuyang Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Qiyang Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
| | - Kun Xu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Photo- and Electrochemical Catalysis College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Nanyang Normal University Nanyang, Henan 473061 China
- College of Life Science & Bioengineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
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