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Moonen RPM, Coolen BF, Sluimer JC, Daemen MJAP, Strijkers GJ. Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Uptake in Mouse Brachiocephalic Artery Atherosclerotic Plaque Quantified by T 2-Mapping MRI. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020279. [PMID: 33669667 PMCID: PMC7922981 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to monitor the iron oxide contrast agent uptake in mouse brachiocephalic artery (BCA) atherosclerotic plaques in vivo by quantitative T2-mapping magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Female ApoE−/− mice (n = 32) on a 15-week Western-type diet developed advanced plaques in the BCA and were injected with ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs). Quantitative in vivo MRI at 9.4 T was performed with a Malcolm-Levitt (MLEV) prepared T2-mapping sequence to monitor the nanoparticle uptake in the atherosclerotic plaque. Ex vivo histology and particle electron paramagnetic resonance (pEPR) were used for validation. Longitudinal high-resolution in vivo T2-value maps were acquired with consistent quality. Average T2 values in the plaque decreased from a baseline value of 34.5 ± 0.6 ms to 24.0 ± 0.4 ms one day after injection and partially recovered to an average T2 of 27 ± 0.5 ms after two days. T2 values were inversely related to iron levels in the plaque as determined by ex vivo particle electron paramagnetic resonance (pEPR). We concluded that MRI T2 mapping facilitates a robust quantitative readout for USPIO uptake in atherosclerotic plaques in arteries near the mouse heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik P. M. Moonen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
| | - Bram F. Coolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Judith C. Sluimer
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mat J. A. P. Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Gustav J. Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-20-566-52-02
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Škrátek M, Dvurečenskij A, Kluknavský M, Barta A, Bališ P, Mičurová A, Cigáň A, Eckstein-Andicsová A, Maňka J, Bernátová I. Sensitive SQUID Bio-Magnetometry for Determination and Differentiation of Biogenic Iron and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in the Biological Samples. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1993. [PMID: 33050346 PMCID: PMC7601190 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop the method for determination of the ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (USPION)-originated iron (UOI) in the tissues of rats on the basis of the magnetic characteristics (MC) in the liver, left heart ventricle (LHV), kidneys, aorta and blood of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY). Rats were treated intravenously by USPIONs dispersed in saline (transmission electron microscope (TEM) mean size ~30 nm, hydrodynamic size ~51 nm, nominal iron content 1 mg Fe/mL) at the low iron dose of 1 mg/kg. MC in the form of the mass magnetisation (M) versus the magnetic field (H) curves and temperature dependences of M (determined using the SQUID magnetometer), histochemical determination of iron (by Perl's method) and USPION-induced superoxide production (by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence) were investigated 100 min post-infusion. USPIONs significantly elevated superoxide production in the liver, LHV, kidney and aorta vs. the control group. Histochemical staining confirmed the presence of iron in all solid biological samples, however, this method was not suitable to unequivocally confirm the presence of UOI. We improved the SQUID magnetometric method and sample preparation to allow the determination of UOI by measurements of the MC of the tissues at 300 K in solid and liquid samples. The presence of the UOI was confirmed in all the tissues investigated in USPIONs-treated rats. The greatest levels were found in blood and lower amounts in the aorta, liver, LHV and kidneys. In conclusion, we have improved SQUID-magnetometric method to make it suitable for detection of low amounts of UOI in blood and tissues of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Škrátek
- Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrej Dvurečenskij
- Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Michal Kluknavský
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Andrej Barta
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Peter Bališ
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Andrea Mičurová
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
| | - Alexander Cigáň
- Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.D.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Ján Maňka
- Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Iveta Bernátová
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 813 71 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.K.); (A.B.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (I.B.)
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3
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Zyuzin MV, Cassani M, Barthel MJ, Gavilan H, Silvestri N, Escudero A, Scarpellini A, Lucchesi F, Teran FJ, Parak WJ, Pellegrino T. Confining Iron Oxide Nanocubes inside Submicrometric Cavities as a Key Strategy To Preserve Magnetic Heat Losses in an Intracellular Environment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41957-41971. [PMID: 31584801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The design of magnetic nanostructures whose magnetic heating efficiency remains unaffected at the tumor site is a fundamental requirement to further advance magnetic hyperthermia in the clinic. This work demonstrates that the confinement of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) into a sub-micrometer cavity is a key strategy to enable a certain degree of nanoparticle motion and minimize aggregation effects, consequently preserving the magnetic heat loss of iron oxide nanocubes (IONCs) under different conditions, including intracellular environments. We fabricated magnetic layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled polyelectrolyte sub-micrometer capsules using three different approaches, and we studied their heating efficiency as obtained in aqueous dispersions and after internalization by tumor cells. First, IONCs were added to the hollow cavities of LbL submicrocapsules, allowing the IONCs to move to a certain extent in the capsule cavities. Second, IONCs were coencapsulated into solid calcium carbonate cores coated with LbL polymer shells. Third, IONCs were incorporated within the polymer layers of the LbL capsule walls. In aqueous solution, higher specific absorption rate (SAR) values were related to those of free IONCs, while lower SAR values were recorded for capsule/core assemblies. However, after uptake by cancer cell lines (SKOV-3 cells), the SAR values of the free IONCs were significantly lower than those observed for capsule/core assemblies, especially after prolonged incubation periods (24 and 48 h). These results show that IONCs packed into submicrocavities preserve the magnetic losses, as the SAR values remained almost invariable. Conversely, free IONCs without the protective capsule shell agglomerated and their magnetic losses were strongly reduced. Indeed, IONC-loaded capsules and free IONCs reside inside endosomal and lysosomal compartments after cellular uptake and show strongly reduced magnetic losses due to the immobilization and aggregation in centrosymmetrical structures in the intracellular vesicles. The confinement of IONCs into sub-micrometer cavities is a key strategy to provide a sustained and predictable heating dose inside biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering , ITMO University , Lomonosova 9 , 191023 St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Marco Cassani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33 , 16146 Genova , Italy
| | - Markus J Barthel
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Helena Gavilan
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Niccolò Silvestri
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33 , 16146 Genova , Italy
| | - Alberto Escudero
- Leibniz Institute for New Materials , Campus D2 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken , Germany
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) , Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC , Calle Américo Vespucio 49 , E-41092 Seville , Spain
| | - Alice Scarpellini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
| | - Federica Lucchesi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
- Dipartimento di Informatica,B ioingegneria, Robotica e Ingegneria dei Sistemi (DIBRIS) , Via all'Opera Pia, 13 , 16145 Genova , Italy
| | - Francisco J Teran
- iMdea Nanociencia , Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Nanobiotecnología (iMdea-Nanociencia) , Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Faculty of Physics and Chemistry and CHyN , Universität Hamburg , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Teresa Pellegrino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30 , 16163 Genova , Italy
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Masthoff M, Buchholz R, Beuker A, Wachsmuth L, Kraupner A, Albers F, Freppon F, Helfen A, Gerwing M, Höltke C, Hansen U, Rehkämper J, Vielhaber T, Heindel W, Eisenblätter M, Karst U, Wildgruber M, Faber C. Introducing Specificity to Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Imaging by Combining 57Fe-Based MRI and Mass Spectrometry. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:7908-7917. [PMID: 31556617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) are highly sensitive probes for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that have previously been used for in vivo cell tracking and have enabled implementation of several diagnostic tools to detect and monitor disease. However, the in vivo MRI signal of ION can overlap with the signal from endogenous iron, resulting in a lack of detection specificity. Therefore, the long-term fate of administered ION remains largely unknown, and possible tissue deposition of iron cannot be assessed with established methods. Herein, we combine nonradioactive 57Fe-ION MRI with ex vivo laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) imaging, enabling unambiguous differentiation between endogenous iron (56Fe) and iron originating from applied ION in mice. We establish 57Fe-ION as an in vivo MRI sensor for cell tracking in a mouse model of subcutaneous inflammation and for assessing the long-term fate of 57Fe-ION. Our approach resolves the lack of detection specificity in ION imaging by unambiguously recording a 57Fe signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Masthoff
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Rebecca Buchholz
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Andre Beuker
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | | | - Franziska Albers
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Felix Freppon
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Anne Helfen
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Mirjam Gerwing
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Carsten Höltke
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Uwe Hansen
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Medicine , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Jan Rehkämper
- Institute of Pathology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Torsten Vielhaber
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Walter Heindel
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Michel Eisenblätter
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003 "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003 "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institute of Clinical Radiology , University Hospital Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
- DFG Cluster of Excellence EXC 1003 "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , 48149 Muenster , Germany
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Castellanos-Rubio I, Munshi R, Qin Y, Eason DB, Orue I, Insausti M, Pralle A. Multilayered inorganic-organic microdisks as ideal carriers for high magnetothermal actuation: assembling ferrimagnetic nanoparticles devoid of dipolar interactions. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21879-21892. [PMID: 30457620 PMCID: PMC6599644 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03869d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The two major limitations for nanoparticle based magnetic hyperthermia in theranostics are the delivery of a sufficient number of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with high heating power to specific target cells and the residence time of the MNPs at the target location. Ferromagnetic or Ferrimagnetic single domain nanoparticles (F-MNPs), with a permanent magnetic dipole, produce larger magnetic and thermal responses than superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SP-MNPs) but also agglomerate more. MNP agglomeration degrades their heating potential due to dipolar interaction effects and interferes with specific targeting. Additionally, MNPs bound to cells are often endocytosed by the cells or, in vivo, cleared out by the immune system via uptake in macrophages. Here, we present a versatile approach to engineer inorganic-polymeric microdisks, loaded with biomolecules, fluorophores and Fe3O4 F-MNPs that solves both challenges. These microdisks deliver the F-MNPs efficiently, while controlling any undesirable agglomeration and dipolar interaction, while also rendering the F-MNPs endocytosis resistant. We show that these micro-devices are suitable carriers to transport a flat assembly of F-MNPs to the cell membrane unchanged, preserving the magnetic response of the MNPs in any biological environment. The F-MNPs concentration per microdisk and degree of MNP interaction are tunable. We demonstrate that the local heat generated in microdisks is proportional to the surface density of F-MNPs when attached to the cell membrane. The key innovation in the production of these microdisks is the fabrication of a mushroom-shaped photolithographic template that enables easy assembly of the inorganic film, polymeric multilayers, and MNP cargo while permitting highly efficient lift-off of the completed microdisks. During the harvesting of the flat microdisks, the supporting mushroom-shaped templates are sacrificed. These resulting magnetic hybrid microdisks are tunable and efficient devices for magnetothermal actuation and hyperthermia.
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Urbano-Bojorge AL, Casanova-Carvajal O, Félix-González N, Fernández L, Madurga R, Sánchez-Cabezas S, Aznar E, Ramos M, Serrano-Olmedo JJ. Influence of medium viscosity and intracellular environment on the magnetization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in silk fibroin solutions and 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell cultures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:385705. [PMID: 29947336 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aacf4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical applications based on the magnetic properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) may be altered by the mechanical attachment or cellular uptake of these nanoparticles. When nanoparticles interact with living cells, they are captured and internalized into intracellular compartments. Consequently, the magnetic behavior of the nanoparticles is modified. In this paper, we investigated the change in the magnetic response of 14 nm magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) in different solutions, both as a stable liquid suspension (one of them mimicking the cellular cytoplasm) and when associated with cells. The field-dependent magnetization curves from inert fluids and cell cultures were determined by using an alternating gradient magnetometer, MicroMagTM 2900. The equipment was adapted to measure liquid samples because it was originally designed only for solids. In order to achieve this goal, custom sample holders were manufactured. Likewise, the nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion profiles for the inert fluid were also measured by fast field cycling nuclear magnetic relaxation relaxometry. The results show that SPION magnetization in inert fluids was affected by the carrier liquid viscosity and the concentration. In cell cultures, the mechanical attachment or confinement of the SPIONs inside the cells accounted for the change in the dynamic magnetic behavior of the nanoparticles. Nevertheless, the magnetization value in the cell cultures was slightly lower than that of the fluid simulating the viscosity of cytoplasm, suggesting that magnetization loss was not only due to medium viscosity but also to a reduction in the mechanical degrees of freedom of SPIONs rotation and translation inside cells. The findings presented here provide information on the loss of magnetic properties when nanoparticles are suspended in viscous fluids or internalized in cells. This information could be exploited to improve biomedical applications based on magnetic properties such as magnetic hyperthermia, contrast agents and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lorena Urbano-Bojorge
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Fortes Brollo ME, Hernández Flores P, Gutiérrez L, Johansson C, Barber DF, Morales MDP. Magnetic properties of nanoparticles as a function of their spatial distribution on liposomes and cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17829-17838. [PMID: 29923574 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03016b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation processes of magnetic nanoparticles in biosystems are analysed by comparing the magnetic properties of three systems with different spatial distributions of the nanoparticles. The first one is iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) of 14 nm synthesized by coprecipitation with two coatings, (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS) and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). The second one is liposomes with encapsulated nanoparticles, which have different configurations depending on the NP coating (NPs attached to the liposome surface or encapsulated in its aqueous volume). The last system consists of two cell lines (Pan02 and Jurkat) incubated with the NPs. Dynamic magnetic behaviour (AC) was analysed in liquid samples, maintaining their colloidal properties, while quasi-static (DC) magnetic measurements were performed on lyophilised samples. AC measurements provide a direct method for determining the effect of the environment on the magnetization relaxation of nanoparticles. Thus, the imaginary (χ'') component shifts to lower frequencies as the aggregation state increases from free nanoparticles to those attached or embedded into liposomes in cell culture media and more pronounced when internalized by the cells. DC magnetization curves show no degradation of the NPs after interaction with biosystems in the analysed timescale. However, the blocking temperature is shifted to higher temperatures for the nanoparticles in contact with the cells, regardless of the location, the incubation time, the cell line and the nanoparticle coating, supporting AC susceptibility data. These results indicate that the simple fact of being in contact with the cells makes the nanoparticles aggregate in a non-controlled way, which is not the same kind of aggregation caused by the contact with the cell medium nor inside liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Fortes Brollo
- Department of Energy, Environment and Health, Institute of Material Science of Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Kostopoulou A, Brintakis K, Fragogeorgi E, Anthousi A, Manna L, Begin-Colin S, Billotey C, Ranella A, Loudos G, Athanassakis I, Lappas A. Iron Oxide Colloidal Nanoclusters as Theranostic Vehicles and Their Interactions at the Cellular Level. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E315. [PMID: 29747449 PMCID: PMC5977329 DOI: 10.3390/nano8050315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Advances in surfactant-assisted chemical approaches have led the way for the exploitation of nanoscale inorganic particles in medical diagnosis and treatment. In this field, magnetically-driven multimodal nanotools that perform both detection and therapy, well-designed in size, shape and composition, are highly advantageous. Such a theranostic material—which entails the controlled assembly of smaller (maghemite) nanocrystals in a secondary motif that is highly dispersible in aqueous media—is discussed here. These surface functionalized, pomegranate-like ferrimagnetic nanoclusters (40⁻85 nm) are made of nanocrystal subunits that show a remarkable magnetic resonance imaging contrast efficiency, which is better than that of the superparamagnetic contrast agent Endorem©. Going beyond this attribute and with their demonstrated low cytotoxicity in hand, we examine the critical interaction of such nanoprobes with cells at different physiological environments. The time-dependent in vivo scintigraphic imaging of mice experimental models, combined with a biodistribution study, revealed the accumulation of nanoclusters in the spleen and liver. Moreover, the in vitro proliferation of spleen cells and cytokine production witnessed a size-selective regulation of immune system cells, inferring that smaller clusters induce mainly inflammatory activities, while larger ones induce anti-inflammatory actions. The preliminary findings corroborate that the modular chemistry of magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters stimulates unexplored pathways that could be driven to alter their function in favor of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Kostopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for the Research and Technology, Hellas, Vassilika Vouton, 711 10 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Brintakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for the Research and Technology, Hellas, Vassilika Vouton, 711 10 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Eirini Fragogeorgi
- Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences, Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR "Demokritos", 153 41 Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Amalia Anthousi
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 710 03 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Liberato Manna
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Sylvie Begin-Colin
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504, F-67034 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Claire Billotey
- Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, EA 3738, Ciblage Thérapeutique en Oncologie, UJM-UCBL-HCL, Hôpital E. Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, 69437 Lyon CEDEX 03, France.
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for the Research and Technology, Hellas, Vassilika Vouton, 711 10 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - George Loudos
- Bioemission Technology Solutions, Alexandras 116, 117 42 Athens, Greece.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technological Educational Institute, 122 10 Egaleo, Athens, Greece.
| | - Irene Athanassakis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton, 710 03 Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Alexandros Lappas
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for the Research and Technology, Hellas, Vassilika Vouton, 711 10 Heraklion, Greece.
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Belaïd S, Stanicki D, Vander Elst L, Muller RN, Laurent S. Influence of experimental parameters on iron oxide nanoparticle properties synthesized by thermal decomposition: size and nuclear magnetic resonance studies. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:165603. [PMID: 29485102 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaae59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A study of the experimental conditions to synthesize monodisperse iron oxide nanocrystals prepared from the thermal decomposition of iron(III) acetylacetonate was carried out in the presence of surfactants and a reducing agent. The influence of temperature, synthesis time and surfactant amounts on nanoparticle properties is reported. This investigation combines relaxometric characterization and size properties. The relaxometric behavior of the nanomaterials depends on the selected experimental parameters. The synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles with a high relaxivity and a high saturation magnetization can be obtained with a short reaction time at high temperature. Moreover, the influence of surfactant concentrations determines the optimal value in order to produce iron oxide nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution. The optimized synthesis is rapid, robust and reproductive, and produces nearly monodisperse magnetic nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Belaïd
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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10
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Brisset JC, Gazeau F, Corot C, Nighoghossian N, Berthezène Y, Canet-Soulas E, Wiart M. INFLAM – INFLAMmation in Brain and Vessels with Iron Nanoparticles and Cell Trafficking: A Multiscale Approach of Tissue Microenvironment, Iron Nanostructure and Iron Biotransformation. Ing Rech Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cabrera D, Coene A, Leliaert J, Artés-Ibáñez EJ, Dupré L, Telling ND, Teran FJ. Dynamical Magnetic Response of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Inside Live Cells. ACS NANO 2018; 12:2741-2752. [PMID: 29508990 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b08995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles exposed to alternating magnetic fields have shown a great potential acting as magnetic hyperthermia mediators for cancer treatment. However, a dramatic and unexplained reduction of the nanoparticle magnetic heating efficiency has been evidenced when nanoparticles are located inside cells or tissues. Recent studies suggest the enhancement of nanoparticle clustering and/or immobilization after interaction with cells as possible causes, although a quantitative description of the influence of biological matrices on the magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticles under AC magnetic fields is still lacking. Here, we studied the effect of cell internalization on the dynamical magnetic response of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). AC magnetometry and magnetic susceptibility measurements of two magnetic core sizes (11 and 21 nm) underscored differences in the dynamical magnetic response following cell uptake with effects more pronounced for larger sizes. Two methodologies have been employed for experimentally determining the magnetic heat losses of magnetic nanoparticles inside live cells without risking their viability as well as the suitability of magnetic nanostructures for in vitro hyperthermia studies. Our experimental results-supported by theoretical calculations-reveal that the enhancement of intracellular IONP clustering mainly drives the cell internalization effects rather than intracellular IONP immobilization. Understanding the effects related to the nanoparticle transit into live cells on their magnetic response will allow the design of nanostructures containing magnetic nanoparticles whose dynamical magnetic response will remain invariable in any biological environments, allowing sustained and predictable in vivo heating efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cabrera
- iMdea Nanociencia , Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, C\Faraday, 9 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University , Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive , Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB , United Kingdom
| | - Annelies Coene
- Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems , Ghent University , Technologiepark 913 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Jonathan Leliaert
- Department of Solid State Sciences , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281/S1 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Emilio J Artés-Ibáñez
- iMdea Nanociencia , Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, C\Faraday, 9 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
| | - Luc Dupré
- Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems , Ghent University , Technologiepark 913 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Neil D Telling
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine , Keele University , Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive , Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB , United Kingdom
| | - Francisco J Teran
- iMdea Nanociencia , Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, C\Faraday, 9 , 28049 Madrid , Spain
- Nanobiotecnología (iMdea-Nanociencia) , Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC) , 28049 Madrid , Spain
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12
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Feliu N, Docter D, Heine M, Del Pino P, Ashraf S, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Macchiarini P, Nielsen P, Alloyeau D, Gazeau F, Stauber RH, Parak WJ. In vivo degeneration and the fate of inorganic nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 45:2440-57. [PMID: 26862602 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
What happens to inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), such as plasmonic gold or silver, superparamagnetic iron oxide, or fluorescent quantum dot NPs after they have been administrated to a living being? This review discusses the integrity, biodistribution, and fate of NPs after in vivo administration. The hybrid nature of the NPs is described, conceptually divided into the inorganic core, the engineered surface coating comprising of the ligand shell and optionally also bio-conjugates, and the corona of adsorbed biological molecules. Empirical evidence shows that all of these three compounds may degrade individually in vivo and can drastically modify the life cycle and biodistribution of the whole heterostructure. Thus, the NPs may be decomposed into different parts, whose biodistribution and fate would need to be analyzed individually. Multiple labeling and quantification strategies for such a purpose will be discussed. All reviewed data indicate that NPs in vivo should no longer be considered as homogeneous entities, but should be seen as inorganic/organic/biological nano-hybrids with complex and intricately linked distribution and degradation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Feliu
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden and Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Dominic Docter
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, ENT/University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Markus Heine
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. and Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain and CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Sumaira Ashraf
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Paolo Macchiarini
- Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine (ACTREM), Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nielsen
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Damien Alloyeau
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Department of Nanobiomedicine, ENT/University Medical Center of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. and CIC biomaGUNE, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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13
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Cabrera D, Lak A, Yoshida T, Materia ME, Ortega D, Ludwig F, Guardia P, Sathya A, Pellegrino T, Teran FJ. Unraveling viscosity effects on the hysteresis losses of magnetic nanocubes. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5094-5101. [PMID: 28397910 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00810d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hysteresis losses in magnetic nanoparticles constitute the basis of magnetic hyperthermia for delivering a local thermal stress. Nevertheless, this therapeutic modality is only to be realised through a careful appraisal of the best possible intrinsic and extrinsic conditions to the nanoparticles for which they maximise and preserve their heating capabilities. Low frequency (100 kHz) hysteresis loops accurately probe the dynamical magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticles in a more reliable manner than calorimetry measurements, providing conclusive quantitative data under different experimental conditions. We consider here a set of iron oxide or cobalt ferrite nanocubes of different sizes, through which we experimentally and theoretically study the influence of the viscosity of the medium on the low frequency hysteresis loops of magnetic colloids, and hence their ability to produce and dissipate heat to the surroundings. We analyse the role of nanoparticle size, size distribution, chemical composition, and field intensity in making the magnetisation dynamics sensitive to viscosity. Numerical simulations using the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation model the experimental observations in excellent agreement. These results represent an important contribution towards predicting viscosity effects and hence to maximise heat dissipation from magnetic nanoparticles regardless of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cabrera
- iMdea Nanociencia, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Vuong QL, Gillis P, Roch A, Gossuin Y. Magnetic resonance relaxation induced by superparamagnetic particles used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging: a theoretical review. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 9. [PMID: 28398013 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles are used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging and allow, for example, the detection of tumors or the tracking of stem cells in vivo. By producing magnetic inhomogeneities, they influence the nuclear magnetic relaxation times, which results in a darkening, on the image, of the region containing these particles. A great number of studies have been devoted to their magnetic properties, to their synthesis and to their influence on nuclear magnetic relaxation. The theoretical and fundamental understanding of the behavior of these particles is a necessary step in predicting their efficiency as contrast agents, or to be able to experimentally obtain some of their properties from a nuclear magnetic resonance measurement. Many relaxation models have been published, and choosing one of them is not always easy, many parameters and conditions have to be taken into account. Relaxation induced by superparamagnetic particles is generally attributed to an outersphere relaxation mechanism. Each model can only be used under specific conditions (motional averaging regime, static regime, high magnetic field, etc.) or for a particular sequence (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill, spin echo, free-induction decay, nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion profile, etc.). The parameters included in the equations must be carefully interpreted. In some more complex conditions, simulations are necessary to be able to predict the relaxation rates. A good agreement is usually observed between the theoretical predictions and the experimental results, although some data still cannot be fully understood, such as the dependence of the transverse relaxation on the magnetic field. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1468. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1468 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alain Roch
- Faculty of Medicine, UMONS, Mons, Belgium
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15
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Gossuin Y, Orlando T, Basini M, Henrard D, Lascialfari A, Mattea C, Stapf S, Vuong QL. NMR relaxation induced by iron oxide particles: testing theoretical models. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:155706. [PMID: 26933908 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/15/155706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles find their main application as contrast agents for cellular and molecular magnetic resonance imaging. The contrast they bring is due to the shortening of the transverse relaxation time T 2 of water protons. In order to understand their influence on proton relaxation, different theoretical relaxation models have been developed, each of them presenting a certain validity domain, which depends on the particle characteristics and proton dynamics. The validation of these models is crucial since they allow for predicting the ideal particle characteristics for obtaining the best contrast but also because the fitting of T 1 experimental data by the theory constitutes an interesting tool for the characterization of the nanoparticles. In this work, T 2 of suspensions of iron oxide particles in different solvents and at different temperatures, corresponding to different proton diffusion properties, were measured and were compared to the three main theoretical models (the motional averaging regime, the static dephasing regime, and the partial refocusing model) with good qualitative agreement. However, a real quantitative agreement was not observed, probably because of the complexity of these nanoparticulate systems. The Roch theory, developed in the motional averaging regime (MAR), was also successfully used to fit T 1 nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles, even outside the MAR validity range, and provided a good estimate of the particle size. On the other hand, the simultaneous fitting of T 1 and T 2 NMRD profiles by the theory was impossible, and this occurrence constitutes a clear limitation of the Roch model. Finally, the theory was shown to satisfactorily fit the deuterium T 1 NMRD profile of superparamagnetic particle suspensions in heavy water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gossuin
- Biomedical Physics Department, University of Mons, 24, Avenue du Champ de Mars, B-7000, Mons, Belgium
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16
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Kuźnik N, Tomczyk MM. Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:1086-103. [PMID: 27547627 PMCID: PMC4979685 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most commonly used tomography techniques in medical diagnosis due to the non-invasive character, the high spatial resolution and the possibility of soft tissue imaging. Contrast agents, such as gadolinium complexes and superparamagnetic iron oxides, are administered to spotlight certain organs and their pathologies. Many new models have been proposed that reduce side effects and required doses of these already clinically approved contrast agents. These new candidates often possess additional functionalities, e.g., the possibility of bioactivation upon action of particular stimuli, thus serving as smart molecular probes, or the coupling with therapeutic agents and therefore combining both a diagnostic and therapeutic role. Nanomaterials have been found to be an excellent scaffold for contrast agents, among which carbon nanotubes offer vast possibilities. The morphology of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), their magnetic and electronic properties, the possibility of different functionalization and the potential to penetrate cell membranes result in a unique and very attractive candidate for a new MRI contrast agent. In this review we describe the different issues connected with MWCNT hybrids designed for MRI contrast agents, i.e., their synthesis and magnetic and dispersion properties, as well as both in vitro and in vivo behavior, which is important for diagnostic purposes. An introduction to MRI contrast agent theory is elaborated here in order to point to the specific expectations regarding nanomaterials. Finally, we propose a promising, general model of MWCNTs as MRI contrast agent candidates based on the studies presented here and supported by appropriate theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikodem Kuźnik
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Michał Tomczyk
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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17
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Ovejero JG, Cabrera D, Carrey J, Valdivielso T, Salas G, Teran FJ. Effects of inter- and intra-aggregate magnetic dipolar interactions on the magnetic heating efficiency of iron oxide nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:10954-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00468g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles have found biomedical applications as therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Ovejero
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid
- ICMM-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | | | - J. Carrey
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets (LPCNO)
- Université de Toulouse
- INSA
- UPS
- F-31077 Toulouse
| | | | - G. Salas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid
- ICMM-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- iMdea Nanociencia
| | - F. J. Teran
- iMdea Nanociencia
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Nanobiotecnología (iMdea Nanociencia)
- Unidad Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC)
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18
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Zeinali Sehrig F, Majidi S, Asvadi S, Hsanzadeh A, Rasta SH, Emamverdy M, Akbarzadeh J, Jahangiri S, Farahkhiz S, Akbarzadeh A. An update on clinical applications of magnetic nanoparticles for increasing the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 44:1583-8. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Boni A, Ceratti D, Antonelli A, Sfara C, Magnani M, Manuali E, Salamida S, Gozzi A, Bifone A. USPIO-loaded red blood cells as a biomimetic MR contrast agent: a relaxometric study. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2015; 9:229-36. [PMID: 24700750 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles have been proposed as biomimetic constructs with long half-life (ca. 20 days) in the blood compartment and potentially interesting properties (such as relaxivity) as intravascular contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. However, the encapsulation of nanoparticles into RBCs might affect their magnetic properties and relaxivity, which may be significantly different from the native suspension. Here, we present a relaxometric study of P904, a novel ultra small iron oxide nanoparticle developed by Guerbet, enclosed in human RBCs. We measured longitudinal (r1 ) and transverse (r2 ) relaxivity over a wide range of Larmor frequencies (0.01-300 MHz) in samples of P904-loaded RBCs, and in control samples with P904 nanoparticles dispersed in blood. Internalization of P904 into RBCs resulted in smaller r1 , and in a very high r2 /r1 ratio (232) at the highest field. Moreover, a shift of the Curie peak to high fields was observed in P904-loaded RBCs, possibly the result of nanoparticle size selection caused by the internalization process. High r2 relaxivity together with a high r2 /r1 ratio and a very long blood half-life make P904-loaded RBCs a promising blood-pool negative contrast agent for MR diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Boni
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
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20
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Moonen RPM, van der Tol P, Hectors SJCG, Starmans LWE, Nicolay K, Strijkers GJ. Spin-lock MR enhances the detection sensitivity of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:1740-9. [PMID: 25470118 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate spin-lock MR for detecting superparamagnetic iron oxides and compare the detection sensitivity of quantitative T1ρ with T2 imaging. METHODS In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the influence of iron oxide particle size and composition on T1ρ . These comprise T1ρ and T2 measurements (B0 = 1.41T) of agar (2%) with concentration ranges of three different iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) (Sinerem, Resovist, and ION-Micelle) and microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO). T1ρ dispersion was measured for a range of spin-lock amplitudes (γB1 = 6.5-91 kHz). Under relevant in vivo conditions (B0 = 9.4T; γB1 = 100-1500 Hz), T1ρ and T2 mapping of the liver was performed in seven mice pre- and 24 h postinjection of Sinerem. RESULTS Addition of iron oxide nanoparticles decreased T1ρ as well as the native T1ρ dispersion of agar, leading to increased contrast at high spin-lock amplitudes. Changes of T1ρ were highly linear with iron concentration and much larger than T2 changes. MPIO did not show this effect. In vivo, a decrease of T1ρ was observed with no clear influence on T1ρ dispersion. CONCLUSION By suppression of T1ρ dispersion, iron oxide nanoparticles cause enhanced T1ρ contrast compared to T2 . The underlying mechanism appears to be loss of lock. Spin-lock MR is therefore a promising technique for sensitive detection of iron oxide contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik P M Moonen
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pieternel van der Tol
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie J C G Hectors
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas W E Starmans
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Javed Y, Lartigue L, Péchoux C, Luciani N, Alloyeau D, Gazeau F. [Life cycle of magnetic nanoparticles in the organism]. Biol Aujourdhui 2014; 208:177-90. [PMID: 25190577 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2014021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials drastically increases and yet their behavior in living organisms remains poorly examined. At the same time a better comprehension of the interactions between nanoparticles and the biological environment would allow us to limit potential nanoparticle-based toxicity and fully exploit nanoparticles medical applications. In this perspective, it is high time we develop methods to detect, quantify and follow the evolution of nanoparticles in the complex biological environment, spanning all relevant scales from the nanometer up to the tissue level. In this work we follow the life cycle of magnetic nanoparticles in vivo, focusing on their transformations over time from administration to elimination. As opposed to traditional nano-toxicological approaches, we herein take the nanoparticle perspective and try to establish how biological environment might impact the particles properties and their fate (interaction with proteins, cell confinement, degradation...) from their initial state to a series of changes a nanoparticle might undergo on its journey throughout the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Yasir Javed
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Lénaïc Lartigue
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France - Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Christine Péchoux
- INRA UMR 1313 - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative - Plate-forme MIMA2, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Nathalie Luciani
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Damien Alloyeau
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS - Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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22
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Javed Y, Lartigue L, Hugounenq P, Vuong QL, Gossuin Y, Bazzi R, Wilhelm C, Ricolleau C, Gazeau F, Alloyeau D. Biodegradation mechanisms of iron oxide monocrystalline nanoflowers and tunable shield effect of gold coating. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3325-37. [PMID: 24797733 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relation between the structure and the reactivity of nanomaterials in the organism is a crucial step towards efficient and safe biomedical applications. The multi-scale approach reported here, allows following the magnetic and structural transformations of multicore maghemite nanoflowers in a medium mimicking intracellular lysosomal environment. By confronting atomic-scale and macroscopic information on the biodegradation of these complex nanostuctures, we can unravel the mechanisms involved in the critical alterations of their hyperthermic power and their Magnetic Resonance imaging T1 and T2 contrast effect. This transformation of multicore nanoparticles with outstanding magnetic properties into poorly magnetic single core clusters highlights the harmful influence of cellular medium on the therapeutic and diagnosis effectiveness of iron oxide-based nanomaterials. As biodegradation occurs through surface reactivity mechanism, we demonstrate that the inert activity of gold nanoshells can be exploited to protect iron oxide nanostructures. Such inorganic nanoshields could be a relevant strategy to modulate the degradability and ultimately the long term fate of nanomaterials in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Javed
- Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, UMR 7162 CNRS/Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, F-75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
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23
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Modo M, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Nicholls F, Ling W, Wilhelm C, Debarge O, Gazeau F, Clement O. Considerations for the clinical use of contrast agents for cellular MRI in regenerative medicine. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 8:439-55. [PMID: 24375900 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Advances in regenerative medicine are rapidly transforming healthcare. A cornerstone of regenerative medicine is the introduction of cells that were grown or manipulated in vitro. Key questions that arise after these cells are re-introduced are: whether these cells are localized in the appropriate site; whether cells survive; and whether these cells migrate. These questions predominantly relate to the safety of the therapeutic approach (i.e. tumorigenesis), but certain aspects can also influence the efficacy of the therapeutic approach (e.g. site of injection). The European Medicines Agency has indicated that suitable methods for stem cell tracking should be applied where these methods are available. We here discuss the European regulatory framework, as well as the scientific evidence, that should be considered to facilitate the potential clinical implementation of magnetic resonance imaging contrast media to track implanted/injected cells in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Modo
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Radiology, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
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24
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Orlando T, Paolini A, Pineider F, Clementi E, Pasi F, Guari Y, Larionova J, Sacchi L, Nano R, Corti M, Lascialfari A. NMR as evaluation strategy for cellular uptake of nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:3959-3965. [PMID: 24913622 DOI: 10.1021/nl501282x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Advanced nanostructured materials, such as gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, and multifunctional materials, are nowadays used in many state-of-the-art biomedical application. However, although the engineering in this field is very advanced, there remain some fundamental problems involving the interaction mechanisms between nanostructures and cells or tissues. Here we show the potential of (1)H NMR in the investigation of the uptake of two different kinds of nanostructures, that is, maghemite and gold nanoparticles, and of a chemotherapy drug (Temozolomide) in glioblastoma tumor cells. The proposed experimental protocol provides a new way to investigate the general problem of cellular uptake for a variety of biocompatible nanostructures and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Orlando
- Department of Physics and INSTM Unit, University of Pavia , Pavia, Italy
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Assessing the efficacy of nano- and micro-sized magnetic particles as contrast agents for MRI cell tracking. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100259. [PMID: 24959883 PMCID: PMC4069012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-oxide based contrast agents play an important role in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of labelled cells in vivo. Currently, a wide range of such contrast agents is available with sizes varying from several nanometers up to a few micrometers and consisting of single or multiple magnetic cores. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of these different particles for labelling and imaging stem cells, using a mouse mesenchymal stem cell line to investigate intracellular uptake, retention and processing of nano- and microsized contrast agents. The effect of intracellular confinement on transverse relaxivity was measured by MRI at 7 T and in compliance with the principles of the ‘3Rs’, the suitability of the contrast agents for MR-based cell tracking in vivo was tested using a chick embryo model. We show that for all particles tested, relaxivity was markedly reduced following cellular internalisation, indicating that contrast agent relaxivity in colloidal suspension does not accurately predict performance in MR-based cell tracking studies. Using a bimodal imaging approach comprising fluorescence and MRI, we demonstrate that labelled MSC remain viable following in vivo transplantation and can be tracked effectively using MRI. Importantly, our data suggest that larger particles might confer advantages for longer-term imaging.
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Meddahi-Pellé A, Legrand A, Marcellan A, Louedec L, Letourneur D, Leibler L. Organ repair, hemostasis, and in vivo bonding of medical devices by aqueous solutions of nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6369-73. [PMID: 24740730 PMCID: PMC4320763 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201401043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sutures are traumatic to soft connective tissues, such as liver or lungs. Polymer tissue adhesives require complex in vivo control of polymerization or cross-linking reactions and currently suffer from being toxic, weak, or inefficient within the wet conditions of the body. Herein, we demonstrate using Stöber silica or iron oxide nanoparticles that nanobridging, that is, adhesion by aqueous nanoparticle solutions, can be used in vivo in rats to achieve rapid and strong closure and healing of deep wounds in skin and liver. Nanoparticles were also used to fix polymer membranes to tissues even in the presence of blood flow, such as occurring after liver resection, yielding permanent hemostasis within a minute. Furthermore, medical devices and tissue engineering constructs were fixed to organs such as a beating heart. The simplicity, rapidity, and robustness of nanobridging bode well for clinical applications, surgery, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Meddahi-Pellé
- Inserm U1148, LVTS; UniversitéParis 7, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue rue H Huchard, 75018 Paris (France)
- UniversitéParis 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris (France)
| | - Aurélie Legrand
- Matière Molle et ChimieUMR 7167 CNRS - ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Alba Marcellan
- Matière Molle et ChimieUMR 7167 CNRS - ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France)
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne UniversitésParis (France)
| | - Liliane Louedec
- Inserm U1148, LVTS; UniversitéParis 7, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue rue H Huchard, 75018 Paris (France)
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Inserm U1148, LVTS; UniversitéParis 7, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue rue H Huchard, 75018 Paris (France)
| | - Ludwik Leibler
- Matière Molle et ChimieUMR 7167 CNRS - ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France)
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Meddahi‐Pellé A, Legrand A, Marcellan A, Louedec L, Letourneur D, Leibler L. Organ Repair, Hemostasis, and In Vivo Bonding of Medical Devices by Aqueous Solutions of Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201401043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Meddahi‐Pellé
- Inserm U1148, LVTS; Université Paris 7, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue rue H Huchard, 75018 Paris (France)
- Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris (France)
| | - Aurélie Legrand
- Matière Molle et Chimie, UMR 7167 CNRS ‐ ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France)
| | - Alba Marcellan
- Matière Molle et Chimie, UMR 7167 CNRS ‐ ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France)
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universités, Paris (France)
| | - Liliane Louedec
- Inserm U1148, LVTS; Université Paris 7, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue rue H Huchard, 75018 Paris (France)
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Inserm U1148, LVTS; Université Paris 7, Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue rue H Huchard, 75018 Paris (France)
| | - Ludwik Leibler
- Matière Molle et Chimie, UMR 7167 CNRS ‐ ESPCI ParisTech, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris (France)
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28
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Kostopoulou A, Velu SKP, Thangavel K, Orsini F, Brintakis K, Psycharakis S, Ranella A, Bordonali L, Lappas A, Lascialfari A. Colloidal assemblies of oriented maghemite nanocrystals and their NMR relaxometric properties. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:8395-404. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00024b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1H-NMR relaxometric experiments over an extended frequency range show that ferrimagnetic colloidal nanoclusters exhibit enhanced transverse relaxivity, r2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Kostopoulou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas
- 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sabareesh K. P. Velu
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Università degli studi di Milano and INSTM
- I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Kalaivani Thangavel
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Università degli studi di Milano and INSTM
- I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Orsini
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Università degli studi di Milano and INSTM
- I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Brintakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas
- 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Physics
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
| | - Stylianos Psycharakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas
- 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Medicine
- University of Crete
| | - Anthi Ranella
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas
- 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Lorenzo Bordonali
- Dipartimento di Fisica
- Università degli studi di Pavia and INSTM
- Pavia, Italy
| | - Alexandros Lappas
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
- Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas
- 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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29
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Gutiérrez L, Morales MP, Lázaro FJ. Prospects for magnetic nanoparticles in systemic administration: synthesis and quantitative detection. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:4456-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54763a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Methods for the quantitative determination of magnetic nanoparticles in biological matrices, in the frame of biomedical applications, are required to evaluate the particles biodistribution after systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Gutiérrez
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioinspired Materials
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM)/CSIC
- Cantoblanco, Spain
| | - M. P. Morales
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioinspired Materials
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM)/CSIC
- Cantoblanco, Spain
| | - F. J. Lázaro
- Department of Materials and Fluids Science and Technology
- Universidad de Zaragoza
- 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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30
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Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Wilhelm C, Clément O, Gazeau F. Cell labeling with magnetic nanoparticles: opportunity for magnetic cell imaging and cell manipulation. J Nanobiotechnology 2013; 11 Suppl 1:S7. [PMID: 24564857 PMCID: PMC4029272 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-11-s1-s7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This tutorial describes a method of controlled cell labeling with citrate-coated ultra small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. This method may provide basically all kinds of cells with sufficient magnetization to allow cell detection by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to enable potential magnetic manipulation. In order to efficiently exploit labeled cells, quantify the magnetic load and deliver or follow-up magnetic cells, we herein describe the main requirements that should be applied during the labeling procedure. Moreover we present some recommendations for cell detection and quantification by MRI and detail magnetic guiding on some real-case studies in vitro and in vivo.
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Di Corato R, Gazeau F, Le Visage C, Fayol D, Levitz P, Lux F, Letourneur D, Luciani N, Tillement O, Wilhelm C. High-resolution cellular MRI: gadolinium and iron oxide nanoparticles for in-depth dual-cell imaging of engineered tissue constructs. ACS NANO 2013; 7:7500-12. [PMID: 23924160 DOI: 10.1021/nn401095p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in cell therapy and tissue engineering opened new windows for regenerative medicine, but still necessitate innovative noninvasive imaging technologies. We demonstrate that high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows combining cellular-scale resolution with the ability to detect two cell types simultaneously at any tissue depth. Two contrast agents, based on iron oxide and gadolinium oxide rigid nanoplatforms, were used to "tattoo" endothelial cells and stem cells, respectively, with no impact on cell functions, including their capacity for differentiation. The labeled cells' contrast properties were optimized for simultaneous MRI detection: endothelial cells and stem cells seeded together in a polysaccharide-based scaffold material for tissue engineering appeared respectively in black and white and could be tracked, at the cellular level, both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, endothelial cells labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles could be remotely manipulated by applying a magnetic field, allowing the creation of vessel substitutes with in-depth detection of individual cellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Corato
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057, CNRS and Université Paris Diderot , France
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32
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Edmundson M, Thanh NTK, Song B. Nanoparticles based stem cell tracking in regenerative medicine. Theranostics 2013; 3:573-82. [PMID: 23946823 PMCID: PMC3741606 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies offer great potentials in the treatment for a wide range of diseases and conditions. With so many stem cell replacement therapies going through clinical trials currently, there is a great need to understand the mechanisms behind a successful therapy, and one of the critical points of discovering them is to track stem cell migration, proliferation and differentiation in vivo. To be of most use tracking methods should ideally be non-invasive, high resolution and allow tracking in three dimensions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the ideal methods, but requires a suitable contrast agent to be loaded to the cells to be tracked, and one of the most wide-spread in stem cell tracking is a group of agents known as magnetic nanoparticles. This review will explore the current use of magnetic nanoparticles in developing and performing stem cell therapies, and will investigate their potential limitations and the future directions magnetic nanoparticle tracking is heading in.
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33
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Fayol D, Luciani N, Lartigue L, Gazeau F, Wilhelm C. Managing magnetic nanoparticle aggregation and cellular uptake: a precondition for efficient stem-cell differentiation and MRI tracking. Adv Healthc Mater 2013. [PMID: 23184893 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The labeling of stem cells with iron oxide nanoparticles is increasingly used to enable MRI cell tracking and magnetic cell manipulation, stimulating the fields of tissue engineering and cell therapy. However, the impact of magnetic labeling on stem-cell differentiation is still controversial. One compromising factor for successful differentiation may arise from early interactions of nanoparticles with cells during the labeling procedure. It is hypothesized that the lack of control over nanoparticle colloidal stability in biological media may lead to undesirable nanoparticle localization, overestimation of cellular uptake, misleading MRI cell tracking, and further impairment of differentiation. Herein a method is described for labeling mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), in which the physical state of citrate-coated nanoparticles (dispersed versus aggregated) can be kinetically tuned through electrostatic and magnetic triggers, as monitored by diffusion light scattering in the extracellular medium and by optical and electronic microscopy in cells. A set of statistical cell-by-cell measurements (flow cytometry, single-cell magnetophoresis, and high-resolution MRI cellular detection) is used to independently quantify the nanoparticle cell uptake and the effects of nanoparticle aggregation. Such aggregation confounds MRI cell detection as well as global iron quantification and has adverse effects on chondrogenetic differentiation. Magnetic labeling conditions with perfectly stable nanoparticles-suitable for obtaining differentiation-capable magnetic stem cells for use in cell therapy-are subsequently identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Fayol
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, UMR 7057 CNRS & University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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34
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Sigovan M, Canet-Soulas E. Molecular MRI of Atherosclerosis with USPIO. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-012-9174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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35
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Vuong QL, Gossuin Y, Gillis P, Delangre S. New simulation approach using classical formalism to water nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersions in presence of superparamagnetic particles used as MRI contrast agents. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:114505. [PMID: 22998269 DOI: 10.1063/1.4751442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles are used as negative contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging: owing to their large magnetic moment the water proton spins are dephased, which accelerates the nuclear magnetic relaxation of an aqueous sample containing these particles. Transverse and longitudinal relaxation times depend on several parameters of the nanoparticles such as radius and magnetization and on experimental parameters such as the static magnetic field or echo time. In this work, we introduce a new simulation methodology, using a classical formalism, allowing the simulation of the NMR signal during transverse and longitudinal relaxation induced by superparamagnetic particles in an aqueous solution, which, to our knowledge has never been done before. Nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion profiles are obtained for a wide range of nanoparticle radii and magnetizations. The results can be classified in two regimes--the well-known motional averaging and static regimes. This generalizes previous studies focusing on transverse relaxation at high magnetic field (larger than 1 T). Simulation results correspond to analytical theories in their validity range and so far unknown dependences of the relaxation with magnetization and radii of the NMR dispersions profiles are observed, which could be used to characterize experimental samples containing large superparamagnetic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Vuong
- Biological Physics Department, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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