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Wu TK, Hung TW, Chen YS, Pan YR, Hsieh YH, Tsai JP. Corosolic acid inhibits metastatic response of human renal cell carcinoma cells by modulating ERK/MMP2 signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:857-868. [PMID: 37860891 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Corosolic acid (CA), a plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoid, has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-metabolic, and anti-neoplastic actions against a variety of human cancers. However, the specific mechanism by which CA inhibits the progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is yet unclear. We found that CA (≤8 μM) had no influence on either the growth or viability of RCC cell lines (786-O, ACHN, and Caki-1) or normal HK2 cells. However, in a dose-dependent manner, CA prevented the invasion and migration of RCC cells. Human protease array analysis showed that CA reduced MMP2 expression. At increasing concentrations of CA, the expression of MMP2 was dose-dependently reduced, as shown by western blot and RT-PCR analyses as well as immunofluorescence staining. CA also stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation in 786-O and Caki-1 cells. Transfection of CA-treated RCC cells with siRNA-ERK restored MMP2 protein expression and the motility and invasion capabilities of RCC cells. Molecular docking study results showed that CA and MMP2 interact strongly. These findings elucidate the mechanism by which CA prevents RCC cells from migrating and invading, and these findings indicate that CA may be a potential anti-metastatic therapy for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Kun Wu
- Division of Renal Medicine, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Syuan Chen
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ru Pan
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Solano JD, Ibarra-Rubio ME. Redox-sensitive signaling pathways in renal cell carcinoma. Biofactors 2022; 48:342-358. [PMID: 34590744 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urological cancers, highly resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. Obesity and smoking are the best-known risk factors of RCC, both related to oxidative stress presence, suggesting a significant role in RCC development and maintenance. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localized RCC; however, this neoplasia is hardly diagnosable at its initial stages, occurring commonly in late phases and even when metastasis is already present. Systemic therapies are the option against RCC in these more advanced stages, such as cytokine therapy or a combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with immunotherapies; nevertheless, these strategies are still insufficient. A field poorly analyzed in this neoplasia is the status of cell signaling pathways sensible to the redox state, which have been associated with the development and maintenance of RCC. This review focuses on alterations reported in the following redox-sensitive molecules and signaling pathways in RCC: mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase B (AKT)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2/mammalian target of rapamycin C1, AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3/β-catenin, nuclear factor κB/inhibitor of κB/epidermal growth factor receptor, and protein kinase Cζ/cut-like homeodomain protein/factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)/HIF as potential targets for redox therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José D Solano
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Elena Ibarra-Rubio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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3
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Anti-proliferative and anti-migratory properties of coffee diterpenes kahweol acetate and cafestol in human renal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:675. [PMID: 33436830 PMCID: PMC7804192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80302-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in systemic therapy options for renal cancer, it remains one of the most drug-resistant malignancies. Interestingly, reports have shown that kahweol and cafestol, natural diterpenes extracted from coffee beans, exhibit anti-cancer activity. However, the multiple potential pharmacological actions of both have yet to be fully understood. This study therefore investigated the effects of kahweol acetate and cafestol on human renal cancer ACHN and Caki-1 cells. Accordingly, the combination of kahweol acetate and cafestol administration synergistically inhibited cell proliferation and migration by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistic dissection revealed that kahweol acetate and cafestol inhibited Akt and ERK phosphorylation. Moreover, kahweol acetate and cafestol downregulated the expression of not only C-C chemokine receptors 2, 5, and 6 but also programmed death-ligand 1, indicating their effects on the tumor microenvironment. Thus, kahweol acetate and cafestol may be novel therapeutic candidates for renal cancer considering that they exert multiple pharmacological effects.
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Hoerner CR, Massoudi R, Metzner TJ, Stell L, O'Rourke JJ, Kong CS, Liliental JE, Brooks JD, Sabatti C, Leppert JT, Fan AC. Multiregion Quantification of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Activity in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Eur Urol Oncol 2018; 3:360-364. [PMID: 31412000 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
To personalize treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), it would be ideal to confirm the activity of druggable protein pathways within individual tumors. We have developed a high-resolution nanoimmunoassay (NIA) to measure protein activity with high precision in scant specimens (eg, fine needle aspirates [FNAs]). Here, we used NIA to determine whether protein activation varied in different regions of RCC tumors. Since most RCC therapies target angiogenesis by inhibiting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, we quantified phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a downstream effector of the VEGF signaling pathway. In 90 ex vivo FNA biopsies sampled from multiple regions of 38 primary clear cell RCC tumors, ERK phosphorylation differed among patients. In contrast, within individual patients, we found limited intratumoral heterogeneity of ERK phosphorylation. Our results suggest that measuring ERK in a single FNA may be representative of ERK activity in different regions of the same tumor. As diagnostic and therapeutic protein biomarkers are being sought, NIA measurements of protein signaling may increase the clinical utility of renal mass biopsy and allow for the application of precision oncology for patients with localized and advanced RCC. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this report, we applied a new approach to measure the activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a key cancer signaling protein, in different areas within kidney cancers. We found that ERK activity varied between patients, but that different regions within individual kidney tumors showed similar ERK activity. This suggests that a single biopsy of renal cell carcinoma may be sufficient to measure protein signaling activity to aid in precision oncology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian R Hoerner
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rustin Massoudi
- The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Metzner
- The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Laurel Stell
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer J O'Rourke
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christina S Kong
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joanna E Liliental
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Translational Applications Service Center (TASC) and Translational Research and Applied Medicine (TRAM) Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John T Leppert
- The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Alice C Fan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; The Kidney Cancer Research Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Bio-X, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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5
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Brown RE, Buryanek J, Tammisetti VS, McGuire MF, Csencsits-Smith K. Morphoproteomics and biomedical analytics confirm the mTORC2/Akt pathway as a resistance signature and activated ERK and STAT3 as concomitant prosurvival/antiapoptotic pathways in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progressing on rapalogs: pathogenesis and therapeutic options. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41612-41621. [PMID: 27223432 PMCID: PMC5173082 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been proposed that resistance to rapalog therapies in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is due to adaptive switching from mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) to mTORC2. Objective To combine phosphoprotein staining and applied biomedical analytics to investigate resistance signatures in patients with metastatic RCC progressing on rapalog therapies. Design We applied morphoproteomic analysis to biopsy specimens from nine patients with metastatic RCC who continued to show clinical progression of their tumors while being treated with a rapalog. Results In patients who were on temsirolimus or everolimus at the time of biopsy, a moderate to strong expression of phosphorylated (p)-mTOR (Ser 2448) in the nuclear compartment with concomitant expression of p-Akt (Ser 473) confirmed the mTORC2 pathway. Concomitant moderate to strong nuclear expression of p-ERK 1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and p-STAT3 (Tyr705) was confirmed. Histopathologic changes of hypoxic-type coagulative necrosis in 5 cases as well as identification of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression and histone methyltransferase EZH2 in all tumors studied suggested that hypoxia also contributed to the resistance signature. Biomedical analytics provided insight into therapeutic options that could target such adaptive and pathogenetic mechanisms. Conclusions Morphoproteomics and biomedical analytics confirm mTORC2/Akt as a resistance signature to rapalog therapy in metastatic RCC and demonstrate activation of the prosurvival ERK and STAT3 pathways and involvement of hypoxic pathways that contribute to pathogenesis of such adaptive resistance. These results highlight the need for a novel combinatorial therapeutic approach in metastatic RCC progressing on rapalogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Brown
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, TX 77030, Houston, USA
| | - Jamie Buryanek
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, TX 77030, Houston, USA
| | - Varaha S Tammisetti
- Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, TX 77030, Houston, USA
| | - Mary F McGuire
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, TX 77030, Houston, USA
| | - Keri Csencsits-Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School, TX 77030, Houston, USA
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Ray A, Cleary MP. The potential role of leptin in tumor invasion and metastasis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2017; 38:80-97. [PMID: 29158066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The adipocyte-released hormone-like cytokine/adipokine leptin behaves differently in obesity compared to its functions in the normal healthy state. In obese individuals, elevated leptin levels act as a pro-inflammatory adipokine and are associated with certain types of cancers. Further, a growing body of evidence suggests that higher circulating leptin concentrations and/or elevated expression of leptin receptors (Ob-R) in tumors may be poor prognostic factors. Although the underlying pathological mechanisms of leptin's association with poor prognosis are not clear, leptin can impact the tumor microenvironment in several ways. For example, leptin is associated with a number of biological components that could lead to tumor cell invasion and distant metastasis. This includes interactions with carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, tumor promoting effects of infiltrating macrophages, activation of matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factor-β signaling, etc. Recent studies also have shown that leptin plays a role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, an important phenomenon for cancer cell migration and/or metastasis. Furthermore, leptin's potentiating effects on insulin-like growth factor-I, epidermal growth factor receptor and HER2/neu have been reported. Regarding unfavorable prognosis, leptin has been shown to influence both adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. Features of poor prognosis such as tumor invasion, lymph node involvement and distant metastasis have been recorded in several cancer types with higher levels of leptin and/or Ob-R. This review will describe the current scenario in a precise manner. In general, obesity indicates poor prognosis in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitabha Ray
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA 15601, United States
| | - Margot P Cleary
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, United States.
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7
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Kyriazoglou A, Dimitriadis I, Bamias A. Developing an algorithm for the management of Renal Cell Carcinoma: focus on metastatic disease. FORUM OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/fco-2015-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The treatment paradigm in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rapidly changing. The incidental finding of small renal tumours combined with the development of novel therapeutic agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways or inhibiting the interaction of the programmed death 1 (PD 1) receptor with its ligand have dramatically improved the prognosis of patients suffering from this malignancy. At the same time, the availability of multiple effective options with similar indications complicates the development and applicability of guidelines in this disease. We conducted a systematic review of the existing guidelines. Our study revealed areas of agreement as well as of discrepancies amongst the published scientific papers included. By critically evaluating these areas, we developed a therapeutic algorithm for RCC. We suggest that this methodology can define the practices of wide applicability and areas of future research.
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8
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Erickson CA, Ray B, Wink LK, Bayon BL, Pedapati EV, Shaffer R, Schaefer TL, Lahiri DK. Initial analysis of peripheral lymphocytic extracellular signal related kinase activation in autism. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 84:153-160. [PMID: 27743527 PMCID: PMC5903443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) activity has been potentially implicated in the pathophysiology of autistic disorder (autism). ERK is part of a central intracellular signaling cascade responsible for a myriad of cellular functions. ERK is expressed in peripheral blood lymphocytes, and measurement of activated (phosphorylated) lymphocytic ERK is commonly executed in many areas of medicine. We sought to conduct the first study of ERK activation in humans with autism by utilizing a lymphocytic ERK activation assay. We hypothesized that ERK activation would be enhanced in peripheral blood lymphocytes from persons with autism compared to those of neurotypical control subjects. METHOD We conducted an initial study of peripheral lymphocyte ERK activation in 45 subjects with autism and 26 age- and gender-matched control subjects (total n = 71). ERK activation was measured using a lymphocyte counting method (primary outcome expressed as lymphocytes staining positive for cytosolic phosphorylated ERK divided by total cells counted) and additional Western blot analysis of whole cell phosphorylated ERK adjusted for total ERK present in the lymphocyte lysate sample. RESULTS Cytosolic/nuclear localization of pERK activated cells were increased by almost two-fold in the autism subject group compared to matched neurotypical control subjects (cell count ratio of 0.064 ± 0.044 versus 0.034 ± 0.031; p = 0.002). Elevated phosphorylated ERK levels in whole cell lysates also showed increased activated ERK in the autism group compared to controls (n = 54 total) in Western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS The results of this first in human ERK activation study are consistent with enhanced peripheral lymphocytic ERK activation in autism, as well as suggesting that cellular compartmentalization of activated ERK may be altered in this disorder. Future work will be required to explore the impact of concomitant medication use and other subject characteristics such as level of cognitive functioning on ERK activation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Erickson
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Balmiki Ray
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, 320 West 15th Street, NB 200C, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Logan K Wink
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Baindu L Bayon
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, 320 West 15th Street, NB 200C, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Ernest V Pedapati
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Rebecca Shaffer
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Tori L Schaefer
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Debomoy K Lahiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neuroscience Research Center, 320 West 15th Street, NB 200C, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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9
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Nakai Y, Miyake M, Morizawa Y, Hori S, Tatsumi Y, Anai S, Onishi S, Tanaka N, Fujimoto K. Potential biomarkers for the therapeutic efficacy of sorafenib, sunitinib and everolimus. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:227-234. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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10
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Ullah N, Liaqat S, Fatima S, Zehra F, Anwer M, Sadiq M. Stem cells and cancer: A review. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Takahashi M, Tsukamoto Y, Kai T, Tokunaga A, Nakada C, Hijiya N, Uchida T, Daa T, Nomura T, Sato F, Mimata H, Matsuura K, Moriyama M. Downregulation of WDR20 due to loss of 14q is involved in the malignant transformation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:417-23. [PMID: 26790128 PMCID: PMC4832870 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that genomic loss of 14q occurs more frequently in high-grade than in low-grade clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs), and has a significant impact on the levels of expression of genes located in this region, suggesting that such genes may be involved in the malignant transformation of ccRCCs. Here, we found that six of the genes located in the minimal common region of 14q loss were significantly downregulated in high-grade ccRCCs due to copy number loss. Using a dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, we found that downregulation of one of these six genes, WDR20, was significantly associated with poorer outcome in patients with ccRCC, suggesting that WDR20 downregulation may be involved in the malignant transformation of ccRCCs. In functional assays, exogenous WDR20 significantly inhibited the growth of RCC cell lines and induced apoptosis. Interestingly, the phosphorylation levels of ERK and protein kinase B/AKT, which reportedly contribute to the malignant phenotype of RCC cells, were clearly reduced by exogenous expression of WDR20. Thus, our data suggest that downregulation of WDR20 due to 14q loss may be involved in the malignant transformation of ccRCCs, in part through activation of the ERK and protein kinase B/AKT pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsukamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kai
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Akinori Tokunaga
- Research Promotion Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Chisato Nakada
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Naoki Hijiya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Uchida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Daa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Takeo Nomura
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Mimata
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Keiko Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Moriyama
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
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12
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Yamakawa K, Yokohira M, Nakano Y, Kishi S, Kanie S, Imaida K. Activation of MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling during NNK-induced lung carcinogenesis in female A/J mice. Cancer Med 2016; 5:903-13. [PMID: 26864819 PMCID: PMC4864820 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway is activated by several growth factors and mitogens, and upregulation has been noted in many human cancers, including examples in the lung. In this study, to study the association of ERK1/2 activation with mutation of Kras encoding an upstream activator of ERK1/2 in lung premalignant lesions, we immunohistochemically examined expression of phosphorylated forms of ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) and MAP/ERK kinase 1/2 (pMEK1/2) proteins and correlation between ERK activation and mutation of Kras encoding an upstream activator of ERK1/2, in a mouse lung carcinogenesis model. Female 7‐week‐old A/J mice were administered a single dose of 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone (NNK), then maintained without additional treatment until sacrifice at week 52. Histopathologically, adenocarcinomas, adenomas and hyperplasias were observed in the lung. pMEK1/2 was expressed mostly in the cell cytoplasm in all three. In contrast, pERK1/2‐positive cells were also relatively rare in any histological types as compared with level of pMEK1/2 expression. However, pERK1/2‐positive cells in adenocarcinoma were still markedly more common than in hyperplasias and adenomas (~5‐fold, ~4‐fold; P < 0.01). Activating mutations of Kras gene at codons 12, 13 and 61 were detected in the majority of adenomas and adenocarcinomas, but without any significant relation to pERK1/2 expression. These results suggest that activation of ERK1/2 plays a key role in malignant transformation during lung carcinogenesis featuring Kras mutaion. Activation of ERK1/2 in lung premalignant lesions was little regardless of the mutation of Kras, and ERK1/2 activation in NNK‐induced mouse lung carcinogenesis may be regulated not only by Kras mutation but also other signaling pathway or regulatory factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Yamakawa
- Departments of Pathology and Host-Defense, Onco-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masanao Yokohira
- Departments of Pathology and Host-Defense, Onco-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakano
- Departments of Pathology and Host-Defense, Onco-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Sosuke Kishi
- Departments of Pathology and Host-Defense, Onco-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Shohei Kanie
- Departments of Pathology and Host-Defense, Onco-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.,Toxicology Laboratory, TAIHO Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Katsumi Imaida
- Departments of Pathology and Host-Defense, Onco-Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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Aguilar-Alonso FA, Solano JD, Vargas-Olvera CY, Pacheco-Bernal I, Pariente-Pérez TO, Ibarra-Rubio ME. MAPKs’ status at early stages of renal carcinogenesis and tumors induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 404:161-70. [PMID: 25724684 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Hu W, Yuan Q, Liu XH, Zhu HC, Lv SQ, Wang XH. Cyclophilin D-mediated apoptosis attributes to sorafenib-induced cytotoxicity in clear cell-renal cell carcinoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 749:142-50. [PMID: 25614335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophilin D (CypD) is an essential regulatory component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and mediates cell necrosis. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the multi-target drug, sorafenib, on clear cell-renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) necrosis by regulating CypD expression and to explore whether this effect was related to the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). We used immunohistochemical analysis to compare CypD and p-ERK expression in human ccRCC tissues (n=53) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT, n=34). CypD expression was localized to the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells and was lower in ccRCC samples while p-ERK expression was higher in ccRCC samples. In the in vitro assay, CypD was downregulated in ccRCC cell lines 786-O and A498 as compared with HK-2 which is a normal human renal tubular epithelial cell line. Overexpression of CypD induced the apoptosis of 786-O and A498 cells. Sorafenib induced the apoptosis of 786-O cells, which was coupled with the upregulation of CypD. Cyclosporin A (CsA, the inhibitor of CypD) and CypD siRNA inhibited the effect of sorafenib on apoptosis-induced 786-O and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. Epidermal growth factor (EGF, the activator of ERK) and ERK overexpression inhibited the effect of sorafenib on CypD expression, apoptosis-induced 786-O and mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization. In conclusion, our results suggested that CypD may represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment of ccRCC. Sorafenib induced apoptosis in ccRCC through CypD upregulation and this effect was related to the inhibition of p-ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qiong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xiu-Heng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Heng-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Sheng-Qi Lv
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xing-Huan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Maeda Y, Kawano Y, Wada Y, Yatsuda J, Motoshima T, Murakami Y, Kikuchi K, Imamura T, Eto M. C5aR is frequently expressed in metastatic renal cell carcinoma and plays a crucial role in cell invasion via the ERK and PI3 kinase pathways. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1844-50. [PMID: 25682807 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphylatoxin C5a is a chemoattractant for leukocyte migration via the C5a receptor (C5aR). We recently reported that C5aR was aberrantly expressed in a wide variety of human related cancers, while it also promotes cancer cell invasion by C5a stimulation. However, the biological significance of C5aR expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not yet been clarified. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the biological role of C5aR in RCC progression. Clinical RCC specimens were analyzed for C5aR expression and its relationship with baseline demographic data and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. Moreover, renal carcinoma Renca cells stably expressing C5aR were generated and used to assess the effects of C5a-C5aR axis activation on various cellular phenomena in culture. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 96.7% of the metastatic RCCs (mRCCs) showed C5aR expression, whereas only 50.5% of the non-metastatic RCCs expressed C5aR (P<0.001). Although C5a stimulation did not significantly alter anoikis of C5aR‑expressing Renca cells, C5a elicited cell morphological change and scattering of those cells accompanied with dynamic actin rearrangement, which was not observed in the Renca cells harboring the empty vector only. Moreover, C5a triggered ERK and PI3K‑dependent invasion of the C5aR-expressing renal carcinoma cells. These results are consistent with the idea that the C5a-C5aR axis plays a crucial role in renal carcinoma cell invasion, which may be one of the key steps for RCC metastasis. The present study provides proof‑of‑concept that the C5a-C5aR axis may be a useful therapeutic target for preventing RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Maeda
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawano
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Wada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
| | - Junji Yatsuda
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
| | - Takanobu Motoshima
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
| | - Yoji Murakami
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
| | - Ken Kikuchi
- Medical Quality Management Center, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takahisa Imamura
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860‑8556, Japan
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16
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Sharma U, Pal D, Prasad R. A novel role of alkaline phosphatase in the ERK1/2 dephosphorylation in renal cell carcinoma cell lines: A new plausible therapeutic target. Biochimie 2014; 107 Pt B:406-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Li G, Ci W, Karmakar S, Chen K, Dhar R, Fan Z, Guo Z, Zhang J, Ke Y, Wang L, Zhuang M, Hu S, Li X, Zhou L, Li X, Calabrese MF, Watson ER, Prasad SM, Rinker-Schaeffer C, Eggener SE, Stricker T, Tian Y, Schulman BA, Liu J, White KP. SPOP promotes tumorigenesis by acting as a key regulatory hub in kidney cancer. Cancer Cell 2014; 25:455-68. [PMID: 24656772 PMCID: PMC4443692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic stress and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play important roles in a wide range of tumors. We demonstrate that SPOP, which encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase component, is a direct transcriptional target of HIFs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Furthermore, hypoxia results in cytoplasmic accumulation of SPOP, which is sufficient to induce tumorigenesis. This tumorigenic activity occurs through the ubiquitination and degradation of multiple regulators of cellular proliferation and apoptosis, including the tumor suppressor PTEN, ERK phosphatases, the proapoptotic molecule Daxx, and the Hedgehog pathway transcription factor Gli2. Knockdown of SPOP specifically kills ccRCC cells, indicating that it may be a promising therapeutic target. Collectively, our results indicate that SPOP serves as a regulatory hub to promote ccRCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weimin Ci
- Laboratory of Disease Genomics and Individualized Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Subhradip Karmakar
- Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruby Dhar
- Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhixiang Fan
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Zhongqiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Urology, First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yuwen Ke
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shengdi Hu
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xianghong Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Matthew F Calabrese
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Edmond R Watson
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sandip M Prasad
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Scott E Eggener
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Thomas Stricker
- Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yong Tian
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kevin P White
- Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Section on Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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18
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Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) expression and activation in mobile tongue squamous cell carcinoma: associations with clinicopathological parameters and patients survival. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:6455-65. [PMID: 24682903 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1853-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) has been considered as a critical regulator of diverse cellular processes such as proliferation, survival and motility, being implicated in the malignant transformation in several tissue types. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of total ERK1 (t-ERK1) and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) protein expression in mobile tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). t-ERK1 and p-ERK1/2 protein expression in tumour cells and infiltrating the tumour microenvironment lymphoid cells was assessed immunohistochemically on 47 mobile tongue SCC tissue samples and was analyzed in relation with clinicopathological characteristics, overall and disease-free patients' survival. Enhanced nuclear t-ERK1 and p-ERK1/2 expression in tumour cells was associated with the absence of perineural invasion (p = 0.043) and shorter overall patients' survival (log-rank test, p = 0.028), respectively. Enhanced t-ERK1 expression in infiltrating lymphoid cells was significantly associated with female gender, absence of vascular and perineural invasion, lymph node metastases and early depth of invasion (p = 0.008, p = 0.019, p = 0.011, p = 0.036 and p = 0.001, respectively), as well as with longer disease-free survival times (log-rank test, p = 0.038). Enhanced p-ERK1/2 expression in infiltrating lymphoid cells was significantly associated with the presence of vascular invasion and lymph node metastases (p = 0.019 and p = 0.004, respectively) and shorter overall patients' survival (log-rank test, p = 0.013). In multivariate analysis, p-ERK1/2 expression in tumour cells and infiltrating lymphoid cells was identified as independent prognostic factors of overall survival (Cox regression analysis, p = 0.045 and p = 0.032, respectively). The present study supported evidence that ERK signalling pathway may exert a potential role in the pathophysiological aspects of the mobile tongue SCC, presenting also potential utility as a biomarker for patients' survival and reinforcing the development of novel anti-cancer therapies targeting ERK signalling cascade in this type of human malignancy.
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Campbell L, Al-Jayyoussi G, Gutteridge R, Gumbleton N, Griffiths R, Gumbleton S, Smith MW, Griffiths DFR, Gumbleton M. Caveolin-1 in renal cell carcinoma promotes tumour cell invasion, and in co-operation with pERK predicts metastases in patients with clinically confined disease. J Transl Med 2013; 11:255. [PMID: 24119769 PMCID: PMC4015803 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Up to 40% of patients initially diagnosed with clinically-confined renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and who undergo curative surgery will nevertheless relapse with metastatic disease (mRCC) associated with poor long term survival. The discovery of novel prognostic/predictive biomarkers and drug targets is needed and in this context the aim of the current study was to investigate a putative caveolin-1/ERK signalling axis in clinically confined RCC, and to examine in a panel of RCC cell lines the effects of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) on pathological processes (invasion and growth) and select signalling pathways. Methods Using immunohistochemistry we assessed the expression of both Cav-1 and phosphorylated-ERK (pERK) in 176 patients with clinically confined RCC, their correlation with histological parameters and their impact upon disease-free survival. Using a panel of RCC cell lines we explored the functional effects of Cav-1 knockdown upon cell growth, cell invasion and VEGF-A secretion, as well Cav-1 regulation by cognate cell signalling pathways. Results We found a significant correlation (P = 0.03) between Cav-1 and pERK in a cohort of patients with clinically confined disease which represented a prognostic biomarker combination (HR = 4.2) that effectively stratified patients into low, intermediate and high risk groups with respect to relapse, even if the patients’ tumours displayed low grade and/or low stage disease. In RCC cell lines Cav-1 knockdown unequivocally reduced cell invasive capacity while also displaying both pro-and anti-proliferative effects; targeted knockdown of Cav-1 also partially suppressed VEGF-A secretion in VHL-negative RCC cells. The actions of Cav-1 in the RCC cell lines appeared independent of both ERK and AKT/mTOR signalling pathways. Conclusion The combined expression of Cav-1 and pERK serves as an independent biomarker signature with potential merit in RCC surveillance strategies able to predict those patients with clinically confined disease who will eventually relapse. In a panel of in-vitro RCC cells Cav-1 promotes cell invasion with variable effects on cell growth and VEGF-A secretion. Cav-1 has potential as a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Campbell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XF, UK.
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20
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Ribeiro ALR, Nobre RM, Alves-Junior SM, Kataoka MSS, Barroso RFF, Jaeger RG, Pinheiro JJV. Matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and growth factors regulate the aggressiveness and proliferative activity of keratocystic odontogenic tumors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 114:487-96. [PMID: 22986244 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and growth factors in keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs). STUDY DESIGN The expression of MMPs, TIMPs, growth factors, and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 signaling pathway were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 15 cases of KOT and 4 cases of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT). RESULTS KOT samples expressed significantly higher amounts of MMPs, TIMPs, growth factors, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and ERK compared with CCOT samples, with the exception of MMP-2 and TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS MMP-9, TIMP-2, EGF and transforming growth factor α act together and likely regulate the proliferation and aggressiveness of KOT. ERK-1/2 serves as the transducer of signals generated by these proteins, which signal through the common receptor, EGFR. This process may be related to the increased proliferation and aggressiveness observed in KOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luis Ribeiro Ribeiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University Center of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
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21
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Suzuki K, Mizuno R, Suenaga K, Teruya T, Tanaka N, Kosaka T, Oya M. Bisebromoamide, an extract from Lyngbya species, induces apoptosis through ERK and mTOR inhibitions in renal cancer cells. Cancer Med 2013; 2:32-9. [PMID: 24133625 PMCID: PMC3797566 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains an incurable disease, and newer anticancer drugs are needed. Bisebromoamide, a novel cytotoxic peptide, was isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya species at our laboratory in 2009. This compound specifically inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK in platelet-derived growth factor-activated normal rat kidney cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and elucidate the potential mechanism of Bisebromoamide actions on human RCC cells. Two renal cancer cell lines, 769-P and 786-O, were used. The effects of Bisebromoamide were analyzed employing assays for water-soluble Tetrazolium-1 salts. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometric TUNEL analysis. Cell-cycle distributions were analyzed by flow cytometry using BrdU/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Kinases of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and Raf/MEK/ERK pathway were analyzed by Western blotting. After Bisebromoamide treatment for 48 and 72 h, cell viability was significantly decreased in both cell lines at 1 and 10 μmol/L. After treatment with 1 μmol/L Bisebromoamide for 72 h, apoptosis and the increased percentage of cells in the sub-G1 phase were observed in both cell lines. Bisebromoamide inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt in both cell lines tested. Similar effects were demonstrated for phosphorylation of mTOR and p70 S6. Bisebromoamide is a promising potential agent against RCC due to its ability to inhibit both the Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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22
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Wei H, Ke HL, Lin J, Shete S, Wood CG, Hildebrandt MAT. MicroRNA target site polymorphisms in the VHL-HIF1α pathway predict renal cell carcinoma risk. Mol Carcinog 2012; 53:1-7. [PMID: 22517515 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for ∼4% of all human malignancies and is the 9th leading cause of male cancer death in the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variation within microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites of genes in the VHL-HIF1α pathway on RCC risk. We identified 429 miRNA-binding site single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 102 pathway genes and assessed 53 tagging-SNPs for 31 of these genes for risk in a case-control study consisting of 894 RCC cases and 1,516 controls. Results showed that five SNPs were significantly associated with RCC risk. The most significant finding was rs743409 in MAPK1. Under the additive model, the variant was associated with a 10% risk reduction (OR: 0.90, 95% CI, 0.77-0.98). Other significant findings were for SNPs in CDCP1, TFRC, and DEC1. Cumulative effects analysis showed that subjects carrying four or five unfavorable genotypes had a 2.14-fold increase in risk (95% CI, 1.03-4.43, P = 0.04) than those with no unfavorable genotypes. Potential higher-order gene-gene interactions were identified and categorized subjects into different risk groups. The OR of the high-risk group defined by two SNPs: CDCP1:rs6773576 (GG) and DEC1:rs10982724 (GG) was 4.46 times higher than that of low-risk reference group (95% CI, 1.31-15.08). Overall, our study provides the first evidence supporting a connection between miRNA-binding site SNPs within the VHL-HIF1α pathway and RCC risk. These novel genetic risk factors might help identify individuals at high risk to enable detection of tumors at an early, curable stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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23
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Runx3 is a crucial regulator of alveolar differentiation and lung tumorigenesis in mice. Differentiation 2011; 81:261-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Urol 2010; 20:443-51. [PMID: 20679773 DOI: 10.1097/mou.0b013e32833dde0d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2010; 4:111-20. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0b013e32833a1dfc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Horiguchi A, Asano T, Kuroda K, Sato A, Asakuma J, Ito K, Hayakawa M, Sumitomo M, Asano T. STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 as a novel therapeutic agent for renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1592-9. [PMID: 20461084 PMCID: PMC2883159 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates the expression of genes that mediate cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis and is aberrantly activated in various types of malignancies, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We examined whether it could be a novel therapeutic target for RCC by using the STAT3 inhibitor WP1066. Methods: The antitumour activities and related mechanisms of WP1066 were investigated in vitro on renal cancer cell lines and in vivo on murine xenografts. Results: In Caki-1 and 786-O renal cancer cells, 5 μM WP1066 prevented the phosphorylation of STAT3, and 2.5 μM WP1066 significantly (P<0.01) inhibited cell survival and proliferation. WP1066 suppressed the expression of Bcl-2, induced apoptosis, and inhibited the basal and hypoxia-induced expression of HIF1α and HIF2α, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor secretion into cell culture medium. Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells cocultured with media from WP1066-treated cells showed significantly reduced tubulogenesis (P<0.05). Systemic oral administration of WP1066 to mice for 19 days significantly inhibited the growth of Caki-1 xenograft tumours (P<0.05), and pathological analysis of xenografts of WP1066-treated mice showed decreased immunostaining of phosphorylated STAT3 and reduced length of CD34-positive vessels (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that using WP1066 to inhibit the STAT3 signalling pathway could be a novel therapeutic strategy against RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Horiguchi
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-City, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
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