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Majirská M, Pilátová MB, Kudličková Z, Vojtek M, Diniz C. Targeting hematological malignancies with isoxazole derivatives. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104059. [PMID: 38871112 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Compounds with a heterocyclic isoxazole ring are well known for their diverse biologic activities encompassing antimicrobial, antipsychotic, immunosuppressive, antidiabetic and anticancer effects. Recent studies on hematological malignancies have also shown that some of the isoxazole-derived compounds feature encouraging cancer selectivity, low toxicity to normal cells and ability to overcome cancer drug resistance of conventional treatments. These characteristics are particularly promising because patients with hematological malignancies face poor clinical outcomes caused by cancer drug resistance or relapse of the disease. This review summarizes the knowledge on isoxazole-derived compounds toward hematological malignancies and provides clues on their mechanism(s) of action (apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, ROS production) and putative pharmacological targets (c-Myc, BET, ATR, FLT3, HSP90, CARM1, tubulin, PD-1/PD-L1, HDACs) wherever known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Majirská
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Bago Pilátová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Kudličková
- NMR Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Vojtek
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Naoki K, Igawa S, Uojima H, Tsumura H, Sengoku N, Karayama M, Shimomura A, Ohtake T, Shio Y, Hosokawa A, Komatsu Y, Kumagai Y. Cardiovascular safety of pimitespib in patients with advanced solid tumors: An open-label, nonrandomized, phase 1 study. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38985885 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pimitespib (TAS-116), a first-in-class, oral, selective heat-shock protein 90 inhibitor, is approved as fourth-line treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors in Japan. This phase 1 study evaluated the cardiac safety of pimitespib. METHODS In this open-label, nonrandomized, multicenter study, Japanese patients (aged ≥20 years) with refractory, advanced solid tumors received placebo on day -1, then pimitespib 160 mg daily on days 1-5 of the cardiac safety evaluation period. Electrocardiograms were conducted at baseline, and on days -2, -1, 1, and 5; and blood samples were collected on days 1 and 5. Patients then received once-daily pimitespib for 5 days every 3 weeks. The primary end point was the time-matched difference in QT interval corrected for heart rate using the Fridericia correction (QTcF) between pimitespib and placebo. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and preliminary efficacy were also assessed. RESULTS Of the 22 patients in the cardiac safety-evaluable population, no clinically relevant QTc prolongation was observed; the upper bound of the one-sided 95% confidence interval for the time-matched difference in change from baseline in QTcF was <20 msec at all time points on days 1 and 5. Pimitespib pharmacokinetic parameters were consistent with previous data, and the time-matched difference in change from baseline in QTcF showed no marked increase as plasma concentrations increased. The safety profile was acceptable; 40% of patients experienced grade 3 or greater adverse drug reactions, mostly diarrhea (20%). The median progression-free survival was 3.1 months. CONCLUSIONS In Japanese patients with refractory, advanced solid tumors, pimitespib was not associated with clinically relevant QTc prolongation, and there were no cardiovascular safety concerns. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Pimitespib is a new anticancer drug that is being used to treat cancer in the stomach or intestines (gastrointestinal stromal tumors). This study demonstrated that pimitespib had no marked effect on heart rhythm or negative effects on the heart or blood vessels and had promising anticancer effects in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors who were unable to tolerate or benefit from standard treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Naoki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Igawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Haruki Uojima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideyasu Tsumura
- Department of Urology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sengoku
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masato Karayama
- Department of Chemotherapy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shimomura
- Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohtake
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shio
- Department of Chest Surgery, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ayumu Hosokawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshito Komatsu
- Department of Cancer Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuji Kumagai
- Department of Research, Clinical Trial Center, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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de Haan LR, van Golen RF, Heger M. Molecular Pathways Governing the Termination of Liver Regeneration. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:500-558. [PMID: 38697856 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver has the unique capacity to regenerate, and up to 70% of the liver can be removed without detrimental consequences to the organism. Liver regeneration is a complex process involving multiple signaling networks and organs. Liver regeneration proceeds through three phases: the initiation phase, the growth phase, and the termination phase. Termination of liver regeneration occurs when the liver reaches a liver-to-body weight that is required for homeostasis, the so-called "hepatostat." The initiation and growth phases have been the subject of many studies. The molecular pathways that govern the termination phase, however, remain to be fully elucidated. This review summarizes the pathways and molecules that signal the cessation of liver regrowth after partial hepatectomy and answers the question, "What factors drive the hepatostat?" SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Unraveling the pathways underlying the cessation of liver regeneration enables the identification of druggable targets that will allow us to gain pharmacological control over liver regeneration. For these purposes, it would be useful to understand why the regenerative capacity of the liver is hampered under certain pathological circumstances so as to artificially modulate the regenerative processes (e.g., by blocking the cessation pathways) to improve clinical outcomes and safeguard the patient's life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne R de Haan
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China (L.R.d.H., M.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (L.R.d.H.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (R.F.v.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.H.); and Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.H.)
| | - Rowan F van Golen
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China (L.R.d.H., M.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (L.R.d.H.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (R.F.v.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.H.); and Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.H.)
| | - Michal Heger
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory for Photonanomedicine and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China (L.R.d.H., M.H.); Department of Internal Medicine, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (L.R.d.H.); Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (R.F.v.G.); Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.H.); and Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands (M.H.)
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Tausif YM, Thekkekkara D, Sai TE, Jahagirdar V, Arjun HR, Meheronnisha SK, Babu A, Banerjee A. Heat shock protein paradigms in cancer progression: future therapeutic perspectives. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:96. [PMID: 38449709 PMCID: PMC10912419 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), also known as stress proteins, are ubiquitously present in all forms of life. They play pivotal roles in protein folding and unfolding, the formation of multiprotein complexes, the transportation and sorting of proteins into their designated subcellular compartments, the regulation of the cell cycle, and signalling processes. These HSPs encompass HSP27, HSP40, HSP70, HSP60, and HSP90, each contributing to various cellular functions. In the context of cancer, HSPs exert influence by either inhibiting or activating diverse signalling pathways, thereby impacting growth, differentiation, and cell division. This article offers an extensive exploration of the functions of HSPs within the realms of pharmacology and cancer biology. HSPs are believed to play substantial roles in the mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of cancer. They hold promise as valuable clinical markers for cancer diagnosis, potential targets for therapeutic interventions, and indicators of disease progression. In times of cellular stress, HSPs function as molecular chaperones, safeguarding the structural and functional integrity of proteins and aiding in their proper folding. Moreover, HSPs play a crucial role in cancer growth, by regulating processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Mohammed Tausif
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Dithu Thekkekkara
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Thummuru Ekshita Sai
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Vaishnavi Jahagirdar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - H. R. Arjun
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - S. K. Meheronnisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Amrita Babu
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
| | - Aniruddha Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka 570 015 India
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Asdemir A, Özgür A. Combination of navitoclax (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL inhibitor) and Debio-0932 (Hsp90 inhibitor) suppresses the viability of prostate cancer cells via induction of apoptotic signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:83. [PMID: 38436810 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Given the diverse nature of prostate cancer and its tendency to respond differently to various treatments, combination therapies are often employed to enhance outcomes. In this study, the synergetic efficiency of chemotherapeutic drug Navitoclax and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor Debio-0932 was evaluated in human prostate cancer cell line (PC3). Our results indicated that Navitoclax-Debio-0932 combination exhibited synergistic activity in PC3 cells at concentrations lower than IC50 values. The combination of Navitoclax and Debio-0932 decreased PC3 cell viability in a dose dependent manner at 48 h. To investigate the apoptotic potential of the Navitoclax-Debio-0932 combination against prostate cancer cells, the mRNA and protein expression levels of apoptotic and antiapoptotic markers (Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Cyt-c, Apaf-1, Casp-3, Casp-7, and Casp-9) were measured using RT-PCR and ELISA assay. Furthermore, the cleavage activity of Casp-3 was determined by colorimetric assay. The results revealed that Navitoclax-Debio-0932 combination potently induced intrinsic apoptotic pathway in PC3 cells rather than using drugs alone. The combined treatment of Navitoclax and Debio-0932 displayed synergistic cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on prostate cancer cells, presenting a promising approach for combination therapy in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydemir Asdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Aykut Özgür
- Artova Vocational School, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Mattoo S, Gupta A, Chauhan M, Agrawal A, Pore SK. Prospects and challenges of noncoding-RNA-mediated inhibition of heat shock protein 90 for cancer therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195006. [PMID: 38218528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) is a potential drug target for cancer therapy as it is often dysregulated in several cancers, including lung, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancers. In cancer, HSP90 fails to maintain the structural and functional integrity of its several client proteins which are involved in the hallmarks of cancer such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Several small molecule inhibitors of HSP90 have been shown to exhibit anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo animal models. However, a few of them are currently under clinical studies. The status and potential limitations of these inhibitors are discussed here. Studies demonstrate that several noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate HSP90 and its client proteins to modulate cellular processes to exhibit oncogenic or tumor suppressing properties. Over the last decade, miRNAs and lncRNAs have drawn significant interest from the scientific community as therapeutic agents or targets for clinical applications. Here, we discuss the detailed mechanistic regulation of HSP90 and its client proteins by ncRNAs. Moreover, we highlight the significance of these ncRNAs as potential therapeutic agents/targets, and the challenges associated with ncRNA-based therapies. This article aims to provide a holistic view on HSP90-regulating ncRNAs for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shria Mattoo
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201311, India
| | - Abha Gupta
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201311, India
| | - Manvee Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201311, India
| | - Akshi Agrawal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201311, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Pore
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201311, India.
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Teranishi R, Takahashi T, Kurokawa Y, Saito T, Yamamoto K, Yamashita K, Tanaka K, Makino T, Nakajima K, Eguchi H, Doki Y. Long-term response to pimitespib in postoperative recurrent gastrointestinal stromal tumors with PDGFRA D842V mutation: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2023; 9:54. [PMID: 37027098 PMCID: PMC10082137 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-023-01637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exon 18 D842V, which is a point mutation from aspartic acid to valine at codon 842, is the most frequent mutation in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor alpha (PDGFRA)-mutated gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). In the Japanese GIST guidelines, no standard systematic therapy is available for this type of GIST, which is refractory after recurrence. Recently, pimitespib (PIMI), a novel heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor, was approved for the treatment of advanced GIST in a phase III study. This report presents a case of a long-term response to PIMI in GIST with PDGFRA D842V mutation. CASE PRESENTATION A 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with primary GIST of the stomach and underwent partial gastrectomy. Eight years after the operation, recurrent GISTs were identified as multiple recurrent peritoneal GISTs in the upper right abdomen and pelvic cavity. We administered tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but they achieved poor effects. After failure of the standard treatment, PIMI was administered and achieved a partial response in the patient. The highest reduction rate was 32.7%. After PIMI failed, we performed multiplex gene panel testing, which revealed the PDGFRA D842V mutation. CONCLUSIONS We report the first case of long-term response to PIMI in PDGFRA D842V mutant GIST. Pimitespib may be effective for treating GIST harboring this mutation by inhibiting HSP90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryugo Teranishi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yukinori Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuro Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoki Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-E2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Parma B, Wurdak H, Ceppi P. Harnessing mitochondrial metabolism and drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer and beyond by blocking heat-shock proteins. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 65:100888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kumar S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. Chaperone-assisted E3 ligase CHIP: A double agent in cancer. Genes Dis 2022; 9:1521-1555. [PMID: 36157498 PMCID: PMC9485218 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a ubiquitin ligase and co-chaperone belonging to Ubox family that plays a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by switching the equilibrium of the folding-refolding mechanism towards the proteasomal or lysosomal degradation pathway. It links molecular chaperones viz. HSC70, HSP70 and HSP90 with ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), acting as a quality control system. CHIP contains charged domain in between N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and C-terminal Ubox domain. TPR domain interacts with the aberrant client proteins via chaperones while Ubox domain facilitates the ubiquitin transfer to the client proteins for ubiquitination. Thus, CHIP is a classic molecule that executes ubiquitination for degradation of client proteins. Further, CHIP has been found to be indulged in cellular differentiation, proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis. Additionally, CHIP can play its dual role as a tumor suppressor as well as an oncogene in numerous malignancies, thus acting as a double agent. Here, in this review, we have reported almost all substrates of CHIP established till date and classified them according to the hallmarks of cancer. In addition, we discussed about its architectural alignment, tissue specific expression, sub-cellular localization, folding-refolding mechanisms of client proteins, E4 ligase activity, normal physiological roles, as well as involvement in various diseases and tumor biology. Further, we aim to discuss its importance in HSP90 inhibitors mediated cancer therapy. Thus, this report concludes that CHIP may be a promising and worthy drug target towards pharmaceutical industry for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Kumar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, Dakshin Barasat, South 24 Paraganas, West Bengal 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K. Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector–V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Wang G, Fan F, Sun C, Hu Y. Looking into Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: The Key to Drug-Resistance of Multiple Myeloma? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5340. [PMID: 36358759 PMCID: PMC9654020 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy, resulting from the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. Despite significant advances that have been made with novel drugs over the past two decades, MM patients often develop therapy resistance, especially to bortezomib, the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor that was approved for treatment of MM. As highly secretory monoclonal protein-producing cells, MM cells are characterized by uploaded endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and rely heavily on the ERS response for survival. Great efforts have been made to illustrate how MM cells adapt to therapeutic stresses through modulating the ERS response. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms by which ERS response pathways influence MM cell fate and response to treatment. Moreover, based on promising results obtained in preclinical studies, we discuss the prospect of applying ERS modulators to overcome drug resistance in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fengjuan Fan
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan 430022, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan 430022, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Dou X, Patel BA, D'Amico T, Subramanian C, Cousineau E, Yi Y, Cohen M, Blagg BSJ. Synthesis and Evaluation of Simplified Cruentaren A Analogues. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9940-9956. [PMID: 35894845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 90 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90) belongs to a group of molecular chaperones that regulate homeostasis via the folding of nascent polypeptides into their biologically active proteins, many of which are involved in cancer development and progression. As a result, inhibition of Hsp90 is an exciting area of research for the treatment of cancer. However, most of the 18 Hsp90 N-terminal inhibitors evaluated in clinical trials exhibited deleterious side effects and toxicities. Cruentaren A is a natural product that manifests potent anticancer activity against various human cancer cell lines via disruption of interactions between Hsp90α and F1FO ATP synthase, which does not induce the pro-survival, heat shock response, a major limitation associated with current Hsp90 inhibitors. However, the development of cruentaren A as a new anticancer agent has been hindered by its complex structure. Herein, we systematically removed the functionalities present in fragment 2 of cruentaren A and incorporated some key structural modifications from previous work, which produced 12 simplified analogues. Our studies determined that all functional groups present in fragment 2 are essential for cruentaren A's anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Dou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Bhargav A Patel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Terin D'Amico
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Chitra Subramanian
- General Surgery Clinic, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Eric Cousineau
- General Surgery Clinic, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yi Yi
- Global Blood Therapeutics, San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mark Cohen
- General Surgery Clinic, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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12
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Ziaka K, van der Spuy J. The Role of Hsp90 in Retinal Proteostasis and Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070978. [PMID: 35883534 PMCID: PMC9313453 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoreceptors are sensitive neuronal cells with great metabolic demands, as they are responsible for carrying out visual phototransduction, a complex and multistep process that requires the exquisite coordination of a large number of signalling protein components. Therefore, the viability of photoreceptors relies on mechanisms that ensure a well-balanced and functional proteome that maintains the protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, of the cell. This review explores how the different isoforms of Hsp90, including the cytosolic Hsp90α/β, the mitochondrial TRAP1, and the ER-specific GRP94, are involved in the different proteostatic mechanisms of photoreceptors, and elaborates on Hsp90 function when retinal homeostasis is disturbed. In addition, several studies have shown that chemical manipulation of Hsp90 has significant consequences, both in healthy and degenerating retinae, and this can be partially attributed to the fact that Hsp90 interacts with important photoreceptor-associated client proteins. Here, the interaction of Hsp90 with the retina-specific client proteins PDE6 and GRK1 will be further discussed, providing additional insights for the role of Hsp90 in retinal disease.
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13
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Kurokawa Y, Honma Y, Sawaki A, Naito Y, Iwagami S, Komatsu Y, Takahashi T, Nishida T, Doi T. Pimitespib in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (CHAPTER-GIST-301): a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Ann Oncol 2022; 33:959-967. [PMID: 35688358 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.05.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) refractory to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is poor. This randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of pimitespib, a novel heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, in advanced GIST refractory to standard TKIs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with histologically confirmed GIST refractory to imatinib, sunitinib, and regorafenib were randomized 2:1 to oral pimitespib 160 mg/day or placebo for five consecutive days per week in 21-day cycles. Following disease progression by blinded central radiological review (BCRR), crossover to open-label pimitespib was permitted. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by BCRR in the full analysis set. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) adjusted using the rank preserving structural failure time method to reduce the expected confounding impact of crossover. RESULTS From Oct 31, 2018 to Apr 30, 2020, 86 patients were randomized to pimitespib (n=58) or placebo (n=28). Median PFS was 2.8 months (95% CI 1.6-2.9) with pimitespib versus 1.4 months (0.9-1.8) with placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.51 [95% CI 0.30-0.87]; one-sided p=0.006). Pimitespib showed an improvement in crossover-adjusted OS compared with placebo (HR 0.42 [0.21-0.85], one-sided p=0.007). Seventeen (60.7%) patients receiving placebo crossed-over to pimitespib; median PFS after crossover was 2.7 (95% CI 0.7-4.1) months. The most common (≥30%) treatment-related adverse events (AEs) with pimitespib were diarrhea (74.1%) and decreased appetite (31.0%); the most common (≥10%) grade ≥3 treatment-related AE was diarrhea (13.8%). Treatment-related AEs leading to pimitespib discontinuation occurred in 3 (5.2%) patients. CONCLUSION Pimitespib significantly improved PFS and crossover-adjusted OS compared with placebo and had an acceptable safety profile in patients with advanced GIST refractory to standard TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kurokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan;.
| | - Y Honma
- Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Sawaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fujita Health University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Y Naito
- Department of General Internal Medicine/Medical Oncology/Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - S Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y Komatsu
- Department of Cancer Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Nishida
- Department of Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan;; Department of Surgery, Japan Community Health Care Organization Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Doi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital Kashiwa, Japan
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14
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Moscvin M, Ho M, Bianchi G. Overcoming drug resistance by targeting protein homeostasis in multiple myeloma. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:1028-1046. [PMID: 35265794 PMCID: PMC8903187 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder typically characterized by abundant synthesis of clonal immunoglobulin or free light chains. Although incurable, a deeper understanding of MM pathobiology has fueled major therapeutical advances over the past two decades, significantly improving patient outcomes. Proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and monoclonal antibodies are among the most effective anti-MM drugs, targeting not only the cancerous cells, but also the bone marrow microenvironment. However, de novo resistance has been reported, and acquired resistance is inevitable for most patients over time, leading to relapsed/refractory disease and poor outcomes. Sustained protein synthesis coupled with impaired/insufficient proteolytic mechanisms makes MM cells exquisitely sensitive to perturbations in protein homeostasis, offering us the opportunity to target this intrinsic vulnerability for therapeutic purposes. This review highlights the scientific rationale for the clinical use of FDA-approved and investigational agents targeting protein homeostasis in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moscvin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Ho
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 240010, USA
| | - Giada Bianchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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15
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Yoon S, Yang H, Ryu HM, Lee E, Jo Y, Seo S, Kim D, Lee CH, Kim W, Jung KH, Park SR, Choi EK, Kim SW, Park KS, Lee DH. Integrin αvβ3 Induces HSP90 Inhibitor Resistance via FAK Activation in KRAS-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2021; 54:767-781. [PMID: 34607394 PMCID: PMC9296920 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2021.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose HSP90 remains an important cancer target because of its involvement in multiple oncogenic protein pathways and biologic processes. Although many HSP90 inhibitors have been tested in the treatment of KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), most, including AUY922, have failed due to toxic effects and resistance generation, even though a modest efficacy has been observed for these drugs in clinical trials. In our present study, we investigated the novel mechanism of resistance to AUY922 to explore possible avenues of overcoming and want to provide some insights that may assist with the future development of successful next-generation HSP90 inhibitors. Materials and Methods We established two AUY922-resistant KRAS-mutated NSCLC cells and conducted RNA sequencing to identify novel resistance biomarker. Results We identified novel two resistance biomarkers. We observed that both integrin Av (ITGAv) and β3 (ITGB3) induce AUY922-resistance via focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation, as well as an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in both in vitro and in vivo xenograft model. mRNAs of both ITGAv and ITGB3 were also found to be elevated in a patient who had shown acquired resistance in a clinical trial of AUY922. ITGAv was induced by miR-142 downregulation, and ITGB3 was increased by miR-150 downregulation during the development of AUY922-resistance. Therefore, miR-150 and miR-142 overexpression effectively inhibited ITGAvB3-dependent FAK activation, restoring sensitivity to AUY922. Conclusion The synergistic co-targeting of FAK and HSP90 attenuated the growth of ITGAvB3-induced AUY922-resistant KRAS-mutated NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that this combination may overcome acquired AUY922-resistance in KRAS-mutant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hannah Yang
- Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun-Min Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yujin Jo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seyoung Seo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deokhoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Center for Drug Discovery Technology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Wanlim Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sook Ryun Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Center for Advancing Cancer Therapeutics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang-Seo Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Kellogg DL, Kellogg DL, Musi N, Nambiar AM. Cellular Senescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. CURRENT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 7:31-40. [PMID: 34401216 PMCID: PMC8358258 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-021-00145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS) is increasingly implicated in the etiology of age-related diseases. While CS can facilitate physiological processes such as tissue repair and wound healing, senescent cells also contribute to pathophysiological processes involving macromolecular damage and metabolic dysregulation that characterize multiple morbid and prevalent diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, osteoarthritis, atherosclerotic vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Preclinical studies targeting senescent cells and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with "senotherapeutics" have demonstrated improvement in age-related morbidity associated with these disease states. Despite promising results from these preclinical trials, few human clinical trials have been conducted. A first-in-human, open-label, pilot study of the senolytic combination of dasatinib and quercetin (DQ) in patients with IPF showed improved physical function and mobility. In this review, we will discuss our current understanding of cellular senescence, its role in age-associated diseases, with a specific focus on IPF, and potential for senotherapeutics in the treatment of fibrotic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Kellogg
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
| | - D L Kellogg
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - N Musi
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - A M Nambiar
- University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX USA
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17
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Abstract
Background Ocular adverse events are common dose-limiting toxicities in cancer patients treated with HSP90 inhibitors, such as AUY922; however, the pathology and molecular mechanisms that mediate AUY922-induced retinal toxicity remain undescribed. Methods The impact of AUY922 on mouse retinas and cell lines was comprehensively investigated using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‑based proteomic profiling and pathway enrichment analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, MTT assay, colony formation assay, and western blot analysis. The effect of AUY922 on the Transient Receptor Potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1)-HSP90 chaperone complex was characterized by coimmunoprecipitation. TRPM1-regulated gene expression was analyzed by RNAseq analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The role of TRPM1 was assessed using both loss-of-function and gain-of-function approaches. Results Here, we show that the treatment with AUY922 induced retinal damage and cell apoptosis, dysregulated the photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layers, and reduced TRPM1 expression. Proteomic profiling and functional annotation of differentially expressed proteins reveals that those related to stress responses, protein folding processes, regulation of apoptosis, cell cycle and growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) response, cell junction assembly and adhesion regulation, and proton transmembrane transport were significantly enriched in AUY922-treated cells. We found that AUY922 triggered caspase-3-dependent cell apoptosis, increased ROS production and inhibited cell growth. We determined that TRPM1 is a bona fide HSP90 client and characterized that AUY922 may reduce TRPM1 expression by disrupting the CDC37-HSP90 chaperone complex. Additionally, GSEA revealed that TRPM1-regulated genes were associated with retinal morphogenesis in camera-type eyes and the JAK-STAT cascade. Finally, gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses validated the finding that TRPM1 mediated the cell apoptosis, ROS production and growth inhibition induced by AUY922. Conclusions Our study demonstrates the pathology of AUY922-induced retinal toxicity in vivo. TRPM1 is an HSP90 client, regulates photoreceptor morphology and function, and mediates AUY922-induced cytotoxicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-021-00751-5.
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18
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Epp-Ducharme B, Dunne M, Fan L, Evans JC, Ahmed L, Bannigan P, Allen C. Heat-activated nanomedicine formulation improves the anticancer potential of the HSP90 inhibitor luminespib in vitro. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11103. [PMID: 34045581 PMCID: PMC8160139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, luminespib, has demonstrated potent preclinical activity against numerous cancers. However, clinical translation has been impeded by dose-limiting toxicities that have necessitated dosing schedules which have reduced therapeutic efficacy. As such, luminespib is a prime candidate for reformulation using advanced drug delivery strategies that improve tumor delivery efficiency and limit off-target side effects. Specifically, thermosensitive liposomes are proposed as a drug delivery strategy capable of delivering high concentrations of drug to the tumor in combination with other chemotherapeutic molecules. Indeed, this work establishes that luminespib exhibits synergistic activity in lung cancer in combination with standard of care drugs such as cisplatin and vinorelbine. While our research team has previously developed thermosensitive liposomes containing cisplatin or vinorelbine, this work presents the first liposomal formulation of luminespib. The physico-chemical properties and heat-triggered release of the formulation were characterized. Cytotoxicity assays were used to determine the optimal drug ratios for treatment of luminespib in combination with cisplatin or vinorelbine in non-small cell lung cancer cells. The formulation and drug combination work presented in this paper offer the potential for resuscitation of the clinical prospects of a promising anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Dunne
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Linyu Fan
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - James C Evans
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Lubabah Ahmed
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Pauric Bannigan
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Christine Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada.
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19
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation. HSP expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors including cellular damage and hypoxia. The major groups, which are classified based on their molecular weight, include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSP (HSP110 and glucose-regulated protein 170). HSPs play a significant role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The human HSP90 family consists of five members and has a strong association with cancer. OBJECTIVES The primary objective is to review the important functions of heat shock protein 90 in cancer, especially as an anti-cancer drug target. RESULTS The HSP90 proteins not only play important roles in cancer development, progression, and metastasis, but also have potential clinical use as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or assessing disease progression, and as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In this chapter, we discuss the roles of HSP90 in cancer biology and pharmacology, focusing on HSP90 as an anti-cancer drug target. An understanding of the functions and molecular mechanisms of HSP90 is critical for enhancing the accuracy of cancer diagnosis as well as for developing more effective and less toxic chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION We have provided an overview of the complex relationship between cancer and HSP90. HSP90 proteins play an important role in tumorigenesis and may be used as potential clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis and predicting prognostic outcome of patients with cancer. HSP90 proteins may be used as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, prompting discovery and development of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Aswad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, United States
| | - Tuoen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, United States.
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20
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Abstract
The proliferation of targeted anticancer agents over the last two decades has revolutionized cancer treatment and improved survival in many previously refractory malignancies. However, many agents are associated with characteristic ophthalmic adverse effects. It is important that ophthalmologists recognize and maintain a high index of suspicion for these side effects in patients on targeted therapy. Most ophthalmic adverse effects can be treated with specific ocular therapy without discontinuation of cancer treatment, although it is important to be aware of the life-threatening and vision-threatening circumstances that would require therapy cessation in conjunction with the patient's oncologist. This review aims to summarize the ophthalmic adverse effects of targeted and hormonal anticancer agents and briefly describe their management.
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21
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Kim JW, Cho YB, Lee S. Cell Surface GRP94 as a Novel Emerging Therapeutic Target for Monoclonal Antibody Cancer Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030670. [PMID: 33802964 PMCID: PMC8002708 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident member of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family. In physiological conditions, it plays a vital role in regulating biological functions, including chaperoning cellular proteins in the ER lumen, maintaining calcium homeostasis, and modulating immune system function. Recently, several reports have shown the functional role and clinical relevance of GRP94 overexpression in the progression and metastasis of several cancers. Therefore, the current review highlights GRP94’s physiological and pathophysiological roles in normal and cancer cells. Additionally, the unmet medical needs of small chemical inhibitors and the current development status of monoclonal antibodies specifically targeting GRP94 will be discussed to emphasize the importance of cell surface GRP94 as an emerging therapeutic target in monoclonal antibody therapy for cancer.
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22
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van Nieuwenhuijzen N, Frunt R, May AM, Minnema MC. Therapeutic outcome of early-phase clinical trials in multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:44. [PMID: 33649328 PMCID: PMC7921415 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Great progress in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has been made due to the development of novel drugs. Patients with relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) can be enrolled in early-phase clinical trials, but their performance across the last decade is unknown. We conducted a meta-analysis on the overall response rate (ORR) and toxicity. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for phase I and phase II trials investigating an experimental compound as a single agent or in combination with dexamethasone, published from January 1, 2010 to July 1, 2020. Eighty-eight articles were included, describing 61 phase I trials involving 1835 patients and 37 phase II trials involving 2644 patients. There was a high degree of heterogeneity. Using a random-effects model, the 95% CIs of the estimated ORR were 8-17% for phase I trials and 18-28% for phase II trials. There were significant subgroup differences in ORR between the years of publication in phase I trials and between drug classes in both phase I and phase II trials. The ORR in early-phase clinical trials in RRMM is substantial, especially in phase II trials, but due to high heterogeneity a general assessment of clinical benefit before participation is difficult to offer to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels van Nieuwenhuijzen
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rowan Frunt
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M May
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique C Minnema
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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23
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Marcyk PT, LeBlanc EV, Kuntz DA, Xue A, Ortiz F, Trilles R, Bengtson S, Kenney TM, Huang DS, Robbins N, Williams NS, Krysan DJ, Privé GG, Whitesell L, Cowen LE, Brown LE. Fungal-Selective Resorcylate Aminopyrazole Hsp90 Inhibitors: Optimization of Whole-Cell Anticryptococcal Activity and Insights into the Structural Origins of Cryptococcal Selectivity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1139-1169. [PMID: 33444025 PMCID: PMC8493596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The essential eukaryotic chaperone Hsp90 regulates the form and function of diverse client proteins, many of which govern thermotolerance, virulence, and drug resistance in fungal species. However, use of Hsp90 inhibitors as antifungal therapeutics has been precluded by human host toxicities and suppression of immune responses. We recently described resorcylate aminopyrazoles (RAPs) as the first class of Hsp90 inhibitors capable of discriminating between fungal (Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans) and human isoforms of Hsp90 in biochemical assays. Here, we report an iterative structure-property optimization toward RAPs capable of inhibiting C. neoformans growth in culture. In addition, we report the first X-ray crystal structures of C. neoformans Hsp90 nucleotide binding domain (NBD), as the apoprotein and in complexes with the non-species-selective Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 and three RAPs revealing unique ligand-induced conformational rearrangements, which reaffirm the hypothesis that intrinsic differences in protein flexibility can confer selective inhibition of fungal versus human Hsp90 isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T. Marcyk
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Emmanuelle V. LeBlanc
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Douglas A. Kuntz
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Alice Xue
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Francisco Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Richard Trilles
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Stephen Bengtson
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Tristan M.G. Kenney
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - David S. Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Nicole Robbins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Noelle S. Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, United States
| | - Damian J. Krysan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology/Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| | - Gilbert G. Privé
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Leah E. Cowen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Xie X, Xiong SS, Li X, Huang H, Wu FB, Shen PF, Peng C, He G, Han B. Design and organocatalytic synthesis of spirooxindole–cyclopentene–isoxazole hybrids as novel MDM2–p53 inhibitors. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01626h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An organocatalytic 1,6-cycloaddition with exclusive α-regioselectivity to synthesize designed spirooxindole–cyclopentene–isoxazole hybrids as novel MDM2–p53 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Shan-Shan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - He Huang
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Feng-Bo Wu
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Peng-Fei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Cheng Peng
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
| | - Gu He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Department of Pharmacy
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Bo Han
- College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 611137
- China
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25
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Mouratidis PXE, Ter Haar G. HSP90 inhibition acts synergistically with heat to induce a pro-immunogenic form of cell death in colon cancer cells. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:1443-1456. [PMID: 34612127 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1983036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sub-ablative heat induces pleiotropic biological effects in cancer cells, activating programmed cell death or survival processes. These processes decide the fate of the heated cell. This study investigates these and assesses whether heat, in combination with HSP90 inhibition, augments cell death and induces a pro-immune phenotype in these cells. METHODS HCT116 and HT29 cells were subjected to thermal doses (TID) of 60 and 120CEM43 using a PCR thermal cycler. HSP90 was inhibited with NVP-AUY922. Viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Cellular ATP and HSP70 release were assessed using ATP and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assays, respectively. Flow cytometry and immunoblotting were used to study the regulation of biomarkers associated with the heat shock response, the cell cycle, and immunogenic and programmed cell death. RESULTS Exposure of HCT116 and HT29 cells to TIDs of 60 and 120CEM43 decreased their viability. In addition, treatment with 120CEM43 increased intracellular HSP70 and the percentage of HCT116/HT29 cells in the G2/M cell cycle phase, ATP release and Calreticulin/HSP70/HSP90 exposure in the plasma membrane, while downregulating CD47 compared to sham-exposed cells. When combined with NVP-AUY922, treatment of HCT116/HT29 cells with 120CEM43 resulted in a synergistic decrease of cell viability associated with the induction of apoptosis. Also, the combined treatments increased Calreticulin exposure, CD47 downregulation, and HSP70 release compared to the sham-exposed cells. CONCLUSION Sub-ablative heating can act synergistically with the clinically relevant HSP90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 to induce a pro-immunogenic form of cell death in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros X E Mouratidis
- Joint Department of Physics, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research: Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, London, UK
| | - Gail Ter Haar
- Joint Department of Physics, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research: Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, London, UK
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26
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Dutta Gupta S, Pan CH. Recent update on discovery and development of Hsp90 inhibitors as senolytic agents. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1086-1098. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Nassar ZD, Mah CY, Centenera MM, Irani S, Sadowski MC, Scott JS, Nguyen EV, Nagarajan SR, Moldovan M, Lynn DJ, Daly RJ, Hoy AJ, Butler LM. Fatty Acid Oxidation Is an Adaptive Survival Pathway Induced in Prostate Tumors by HSP90 Inhibition. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1500-1511. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Huang DS, LeBlanc EV, Shekhar-Guturja T, Robbins N, Krysan DJ, Pizarro J, Whitesell L, Cowen LE, Brown LE. Design and Synthesis of Fungal-Selective Resorcylate Aminopyrazole Hsp90 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:2139-2180. [PMID: 31513387 PMCID: PMC7069776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone Hsp90, essential in all eukaryotes, plays a multifaceted role in promoting survival, virulence, and drug resistance across diverse pathogenic fungal species. The chaperone is also critically important, however, to the pathogen's human host, preventing the use of known clinical Hsp90 inhibitors in antifungal applications due to concomitant host toxicity issues. With the goal of developing Hsp90 inhibitors with acceptable therapeutic indices for the treatment of invasive fungal infections, we initiated a program to design and synthesize potent inhibitors with selective activity against fungal Hsp90 isoforms over their human counterparts. Building on our previously reported derivatization of resorcylate natural products to produce fungal-selective compounds, we have developed a series of synthetic aminopyrazole-substituted resorcylate amides with broad, potent, and fungal-selective Hsp90 inhibitory activity. Herein we describe the synthesis of this series, as well as biochemical structure-activity relationships driving selectivity for the Hsp90 isoforms expressed by Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans, two pathogenic fungi of major clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Emmanuelle V. LeBlanc
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Tanvi Shekhar-Guturja
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Nicole Robbins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Damian J. Krysan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology/Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Juan Pizarro
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine and Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Leah E. Cowen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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29
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Grosicki S, Bednarczyk M, Janikowska G. Heat shock proteins as a new, promising target of multiple myeloma therapy. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 13:117-126. [PMID: 31971027 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1711730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The results of therapy of the multiple myeloma (MM) patients remain unsatisfactory despite the constantly observed progress in treatment.Areas covered: It has been shown that mechanisms regulated by heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in pathogenesis of MM and resistance developing to treatment, which constitute a protective shield against external damaging factors in healthy and cancerous cells.Expert opinion: Inhibiting these mechanisms seems to be the natural way of therapy in MM patients. In vitro studies have shown promising effects in the form of an increase in the apoptosis index of MM cells exposed to HSP inhibitors. The observations are very promising in the early stages of clinical trials with HSP inhibitors, such as tanespimycin, in the relapsed/refractory MM patients. Effects were more pronounced when combined with bortezomib. It seems that enriching the range of anti-myeloma drugs with HSP inhibitors may be the next step in the future of extending life of patients with multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Grosicki
- Department of Hematology and Cancer Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Martyna Bednarczyk
- Department of Hematology and Cancer Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grażyna Janikowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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30
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He H, Xu C, Cheng Z, Qian X, Zheng L. Drug Combinatorial Therapies for the Treatment of KRAS Mutated Lung Cancers. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2128-2142. [PMID: 31475900 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190902150555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
KRAS is the most common oncogene to be mutated in lung cancer, and therapeutics directly targeting KRAS have proven to be challenging. The mutations of KRAS are associated with poor prognosis, and resistance to both adjuvant therapy and targeted EGFR TKI. EGFR TKIs provide significant clinical benefit for patients whose tumors bear EGFR mutations. However, tumors with KRAS mutations rarely respond to the EGFR TKI therapy. Thus, combination therapy is essential for the treatment of lung cancers with KRAS mutations. EGFR TKI combined with inhibitors of MAPKs, PI3K/mTOR, HDAC, Wee1, PARP, CDK and Hsp90, even miRNAs and immunotherapy, were reviewed. Although the effects of the combination vary, the combined therapeutics are one of the best options at present to treat KRAS mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chang Xu
- National Vaccine & Serum Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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31
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Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Scorilas A, Gonçalves AC, Efferth T, Trougakos IP. The emergence of drug resistance to targeted cancer therapies: Clinical evidence. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 47:100646. [PMID: 31733611 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For many decades classical anti-tumor therapies included chemotherapy, radiation and surgery; however, in the last two decades, following the identification of the genomic drivers and main hallmarks of cancer, the introduction of therapies that target specific tumor-promoting oncogenic or non-oncogenic pathways, has revolutionized cancer therapeutics. Despite the significant progress in cancer therapy, clinical oncologists are often facing the primary impediment of anticancer drug resistance, as many cancer patients display either intrinsic chemoresistance from the very beginning of the therapy or after initial responses and upon repeated drug treatment cycles, acquired drug resistance develops and thus relapse emerges, resulting in increased mortality. Our attempts to understand the molecular basis underlying these drug resistance phenotypes in pre-clinical models and patient specimens revealed the extreme plasticity and adaptive pathways employed by tumor cells, being under sustained stress and extensive genomic/proteomic instability due to the applied therapeutic regimens. Subsequent efforts have yielded more effective inhibitors and combinatorial approaches (e.g. the use of specific pharmacologic inhibitors with immunotherapy) that exhibit synergistic effects against tumor cells, hence enhancing therapeutic indices. Furthermore, new advanced methodologies that allow for the early detection of genetic/epigenetic alterations that lead to drug chemoresistance and prospective validation of biomarkers which identify patients that will benefit from certain drug classes, have started to improve the clinical outcome. This review discusses emerging principles of drug resistance to cancer therapies targeting a wide array of oncogenic kinases, along with hedgehog pathway and the proteasome and apoptotic inducers, as well as epigenetic and metabolic modulators. We further discuss mechanisms of resistance to monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulators and immune checkpoint inhibitors, potential biomarkers of drug response/drug resistance, along with possible new therapeutic avenues for the clinicians to combat devastating drug resistant malignancies. It is foreseen that these topics will be major areas of focused multidisciplinary translational research in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (iCBR/CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Hematology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (iCBR/CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
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32
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Codony-Servat J, Viteri S, Codony-Servat C, Ito M, Bracht JWP, Berenguer J, Chaib I, Molina-Vila MA, Karachaliou N, Rosell R. Hsp90 inhibitors enhance the antitumoral effect of osimertinib in parental and osimertinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2019; 8:340-351. [PMID: 31555510 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2019.08.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Osimertinib improve therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, invariable acquired resistance appears. Methods MTT assay was used to analyze cell viability. Protein expression and activation was detected by Western blotting. In addition, the effects of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors and osimertinib were studied in colony formation assays. Results Our laboratory generated osimertinib resistant cell lines from PC9 cell line and overexpression or activation of several proteins was detected. Hsp90 inhibitors, ganetespib and luminespib, inhibited cell viability and colony formation in H1975, PC9 and PC9-derived osimertinib-resistant cell lines and combination of these inhibitors with osimertinib achieved to enhance this cell viability and colony formation inhibition. Luminespib downregulated the expression of the several proteins involved in osimertinib-resistance and the combination of this compound plus osimertinib caused an important decrease of expression of several of these proteins, such as Stat3, Yap, Akt, EGFR and Met. Osimertinib activated the phosphorylation of several membrane receptors and downstream molecules that was partially inhibited by luminespib. In addition, a lung cancer patient with an EGFR eon 20 mutation had a partial radiographic response to ganetespib. Conclusions Hsp90 inhibitors and osimertinib exhibits a good efficiency to inhibit cell viability, colony formation and inhibits expression and activation of proteins involved in osimertinib-resistance and may represent an effective strategy for NSCLC with intrinsic resistance to osimertinib inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Codony-Servat
- Laboratory of Oncology/Pangaea Oncology S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Viteri
- Instituto Oncológico Dr. Rosell (IOR), Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Oncológico Dr. Rosell (IOR), Teknon Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Codony-Servat
- Laboratory of Oncology/Pangaea Oncology S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratori de Recerca Translacional-CReST-IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Masaoki Ito
- Laboratory of Oncology/Pangaea Oncology S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Jordi Berenguer
- Laboratory of Oncology/Pangaea Oncology S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imane Chaib
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Molina-Vila
- Laboratory of Oncology/Pangaea Oncology S.L., Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Niki Karachaliou
- Instituto Oncológico Dr. Rosell (IOR), Sagrat Cor Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,GCD Oncology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Instituto Oncológico Dr. Rosell (IOR), Quirón-Dexeus University Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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33
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Park S, Park JA, Jeon JH, Lee Y. Traditional and Novel Mechanisms of Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) Inhibition in Cancer Chemotherapy Including HSP90 Cleavage. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:423-434. [PMID: 31113013 PMCID: PMC6720532 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP90 is a molecular chaperone that increases the stability of client proteins. Cancer cells show higher HSP90 expression than normal cells because many client proteins play an important role in the growth and survival of cancer cells. HSP90 inhibitors mainly bind to the ATP binding site of HSP90 and inhibit HSP90 activity, and these inhibitors can be distinguished as ansamycin and non-ansamycin depending on the structure. In addition, the histone deacetylase inhibitors inhibit the activity of HSP90 through acetylation of HSP90. These HSP90 inhibitors have undergone or are undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. On the other hand, recent studies have reported that various reagents induce cleavage of HSP90, resulting in reduced HSP90 client proteins and growth suppression in cancer cells. Cleavage of HSP90 can be divided into enzymatic cleavage and non-enzymatic cleavage. Therefore, reagents inducing cleavage of HSP90 can be classified as another class of HSP90 inhibitors. We discuss that the cleavage of HSP90 can be another mechanism in the cancer treatment by HSP90 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangkyu Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.,Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.,Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.,Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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34
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Park KS, Hong YS, Choi J, Yoon S, Kang J, Kim D, Lee KP, Im HS, Lee CH, Seo S, Kim SW, Lee DH, Park SR. HSP90 inhibitor, AUY922, debilitates intrinsic and acquired lapatinib-resistant HER2-positive gastric cancer cells. BMB Rep 2019. [PMID: 30591093 PMCID: PMC6330940 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.12.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) inhibitors, such as trastuzumab and lapatinib are used to treat HER2-positive breast and gastric cancers. However, as with other targeted therapies, intrinsic or acquired resistance to HER2 inhibitors presents unresolved therapeutic problems for HER2-positive gastric cancer. The present study describes investigations with AUY922, a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor, in primary lapatinib-resistant (ESO26 and OE33) and lapatinib-sensitive gastric cancer cells (OE19, N87, and SNU-216) harboring HER2 amplification/over-expression. In order to investigate whether AUY922 could overcome intrinsic and acquired resistance to HER2 inhibitors in HER2-positive gastric cancer, we generated lapatinib-resistant gastric cancer cell lines (OE19/LR and N87/LR) by continuous exposure to lapatinib in vitro. We found that activation of HER2 and protein kinase B (AKT) were key factors in inducing intrinsic and acquired lapatinib-resistant gastric cancer cell lines, and that AUY922 effectively suppressed activation of both HER2 and AKT in acquired lapatinib-resistant gastric cancer cell lines. In conclusion, AUY922 showed a synergistic anti-cancer effect with lapatinib and sensitized gastric cancer cells with intrinsic resistance to lapatinib. Dual inhibition of the HSP90 and HER2 signaling pathways could represent a potent therapeutic strategy to treat HER2-positive gastric cancer with intrinsic and acquired resistance to lapatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Seo Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yong Sang Hong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Junyoung Choi
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Shinkyo Yoon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea
| | - Deokhoon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Kang-Pa Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Su Im
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Center for Drug Discovery Technology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Seo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sook Ryun Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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Abstract
The stability and function of many oncogenic mutant proteins depend on heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). This unique activity has inspired the exploration of HSP90 as an anticancer target for over two decades. Unfortunately, while clinical trials of highly optimized HSP90 inhibitors have demonstrated modest benefit for patients with advanced cancers, most commonly stabilization of disease, no HSP90 inhibitor has demonstrated sufficient efficacy to achieve FDA approval to date. This review discusses potential reasons for the limited success of these agents and how our increasingly sophisticated understanding of HSP90 suggests alternative, potentially more effective strategies for targeting it to treat cancers. First, we focus on insights gained from model organisms that suggest a fundamental role for HSP90 in supporting the adaptability and heterogeneity of cancers, key factors underlying their ability to evolve and acquire drug resistance. Second, we examine how HSP90’s role in promoting the stability of mutant proteins might be targeted in genetically unstable tumor cells to reveal their aberrant, foreign proteome to the immune system. Both of these emerging aspects of HSP90 biology suggest that the most effective use of HSP90 inhibitors may not be at high doses with the intent to kill cancer cells, but rather in combination with other molecularly targeted therapies at modest, non-heat shock-inducing exposures that limit the adaptive capacity of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M. Jaeger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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37
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Shevtsov M, Multhoff G. Therapeutic Implications of Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02254-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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van Willigenburg H, de Keizer PLJ, de Bruin RWF. Cellular senescence as a therapeutic target to improve renal transplantation outcome. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:322-330. [PMID: 29471104 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Kidney transplants from aged donors are more vulnerable to ischemic injury, suffer more from delayed graft function and have a lower graft survival compared to kidneys from younger donors. On a cellular level, aging results in an increase in cells that are in a permanent cell cycle arrest, termed senescence, which secrete a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Consequently, these senescent cells negatively influence the local milieu by causing inflammaging, and by reducing the regenerative capacity of the kidney. Moreover, the oxidative damage that is inflicted by ischemia-reperfusion injury during transplantation can induce senescence and accelerate aging. In this review, we describe recent developments in the understanding of the biology of aging that have led to the development of a new class of therapeutic agents aimed at eliminating senescent cells. These compounds have already shown to be able to restore tissue homeostasis in old mice, improve kidney function and general health- and lifespan. Use of these anti-senescence compounds holds great promise to improve the quality of marginal donor kidneys as well as to remove senescent cells induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Altogether, senescent cell removal may increase the donor pool, relieving the growing organ shortage and improve long-term transplantation outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hester van Willigenburg
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter L J de Keizer
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cancer Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ron W F de Bruin
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Parekh S. Targeting HSF1: A Prime Integrator of Proteotoxic Stress Response in Myeloma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2237-2238. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Shah SP, Nooka AK, Jaye DL, Bahlis NJ, Lonial S, Boise LH. Bortezomib-induced heat shock response protects multiple myeloma cells and is activated by heat shock factor 1 serine 326 phosphorylation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59727-59741. [PMID: 27487129 PMCID: PMC5312344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib are highly active in multiple myeloma by affecting signaling cascades and leading to a toxic buildup of misfolded proteins. Bortezomib-treated cells activate the cytoprotective heat shock response (HSR), including upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Here we inhibited the bortezomib-induced HSR by silencing its master regulator, Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1). HSF1 silencing led to bortezomib sensitization. In contrast, silencing of individual and combination HSPs, except HSP40β, did not result in significant bortezomib sensitization. However, HSP40β did not entirely account for increased bortezomib sensitivity upon HSF1 silencing. To determine the mechanism of HSF1 activation, we assessed phosphorylation and observed bortezomib-inducible phosphorylation in cell lines and patient samples. We determined that this bortezomib-inducible event is phosphorylation at serine 326. Prior clinical use of HSP inhibitors in combination with bortezomib has been disappointing in multiple myeloma therapy. Our results provide a rationale for targeting HSF1 activation in combination with bortezomib to enhance multiple myeloma treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shardule P Shah
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ajay K Nooka
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David L Jaye
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nizar J Bahlis
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lawrence H Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University and the Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Park KS, Yang H, Choi J, Seo S, Kim D, Lee CH, Jeon H, Kim SW, Lee DH. The HSP90 inhibitor, NVP-AUY922, attenuates intrinsic PI3K inhibitor resistance in KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2017; 406:47-53. [PMID: 28797845 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
More than 25% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) carry mutations in KRAS, one of the most common oncogenic drivers in this disease. KRAS-mutant NSCLC responds poorly to currently available therapies; therefore, novel treatment strategies are needed. Here, we describe a particularly promising targeted therapeutic strategy against KRAS mutation-harboring NSCLC intrinsically resistant to treatment by PI3K inhibition. We found that intrinsic resistance to PI3K inhibition derived from RAF/MEK/ERK and RSK activation, bypassing blockage of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The HSP90 inhibitor AUY922 suppressed both PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAF/MEK/ERK signaling, rendering cells sensitive to a PI3K inhibitor (omipalisib, GSK458). Combining these two drugs achieved a synergistic effect, even using only sub-therapeutic concentrations. Dual inhibition of the HSP90 and PI3K signaling pathways with sub-therapeutic doses of these combined anticancer drugs may represent a potent treatment strategy for KRAS-mutant NSCLC with intrinsic resistance to PI3K inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Seo Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Yang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Choi
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Seo
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokhoon Kim
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Lee
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanwool Jeon
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-We Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ho Lee
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang C, Wang X, Liu H, Zhang M, Geng M, Sun L, Shen A, Zhang A. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 4,5-diarylisoxazols bearing amino acid residues within the 3-amido motif as potent heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:315-326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Wu J, Liu T, Rios Z, Mei Q, Lin X, Cao S. Heat Shock Proteins and Cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 38:226-256. [PMID: 28012700 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 430] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation whose expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors. The major groups are classified based on their molecular weights and include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. HSPs play a significant role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and carcinogenesis. In this article we comprehensively review the roles of major HSPs in cancer biology and pharmacology. HSPs are thought to play significant roles in the molecular mechanisms leading to cancer development and metastasis. HSPs may also have potential clinical uses as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, for assessing disease progression, or as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Tuoen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV 24901, USA.
| | - Zechary Rios
- University of Illinois College of Medicine at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Qibing Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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44
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Roman D, VerHoeve J, Schadt H, Vicart A, Walker UJ, Turner O, Richardson TA, Wolford ST, Miller PE, Zhou W, Lu H, Akimov M, Kluwe W. Ocular toxicity of AUY922 in pigmented and albino rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 309:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Park KS, Oh B, Lee MH, Nam KY, Jin HR, Yang H, Choi J, Kim SW, Lee DH. The HSP90 inhibitor, NVP-AUY922, sensitizes KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer with intrinsic resistance to MEK inhibitor, trametinib. Cancer Lett 2016; 372:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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46
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Wang M, Shen A, Zhang C, Song Z, Ai J, Liu H, Sun L, Ding J, Geng M, Zhang A. Development of Heat Shock Protein (Hsp90) Inhibitors To Combat Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors through Hsp90-Kinase Interactions. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5563-86. [PMID: 26844689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a ubiquitous chaperone of all of the oncogenic tyrosine kinases. Many Hsp90 inhibitors, alone or in combination, have shown significant antitumor efficacy against the kinase-positive naïve and mutant models. However, clinical trials of these inhibitors are unsuccessful due to insufficient clinical benefits and nonoptimal safety profiles. Recently, much progress has been reported on the Hsp90-cochaperone-client complex, which will undoubtedly assist in the understanding of the interactions between Hsp90 and its clients. Meanwhile, Hsp90 inhibitors have shown promise against patients' resistance caused by early generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and at least 13 Hsp90 inhibitors are being reevaluated in the clinic. In this regard, the objectives of the current perspective are to summarize the structure and function of the Hsp90-cochaperone-client complex, to analyze the structural and functional insights into the Hsp90-client interactions to address several existing unresolved problems with Hsp90 inhibitors, and to highlight the preclinical and clinical studies of Hsp90 inhibitors as an effective treatment against resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meining Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Lu, Building 3, Room 426, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Aijun Shen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zilan Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Lu, Building 3, Room 426, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongchun Liu
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Synthetic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Lu, Building 3, Room 426, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
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Smith AF, Klotz A, Wormstone IM. Improving the drug development process by reducing the impact of adverse events: the case of cataracts considered. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:510-6. [PMID: 26775751 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cataract was used as a model for the prevalence and economic impact of adverse events during the drug development process. Meta-analysis revealed a reported prevalence of cataract at 12.0% (1.0-43.3%), 3.8% (2.4-12.5%), 1.0% (0.0-8.1%), 1.7% (0.0-34.8%) and 3.8% (2.3-5.7%) of compounds in preclinical, Phase I, II, III and IV clinical trials, respectively. Utilising a human-based in vitro screening assay to predict cataractogenic potential in human could allow better selection of novel compounds at early-stage drug development. This could significantly reduce costs and ultimately increase the probability of a drug obtaining FDA approval for a clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Smith
- MedMetrics Inc., Ottawa, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, London, UK.
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Woodford MR, Dunn D, Miller JB, Jamal S, Neckers L, Mollapour M. Impact of Posttranslational Modifications on the Anticancer Activity of Hsp90 Inhibitors. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 129:31-50. [PMID: 26916000 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperones are essential for guarding proteins that are indispensable for normal cellular functions. Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a vital molecular chaperone in eukaryotes that participates in stabilizing and activating approximately 200 target proteins, called "clients," many of which are involved in signal transduction pathways. Cancer cells however utilize Hsp90 to chaperone an array of mutated and overexpressed oncoproteins to protect them from misfolding and degradation. Therefore, Hsp90 is an attractive target in cancer therapy. Hsp90 chaperone function relies on ATP binding and hydrolysis, which in turn guides its carefully orchestrated conformational changes. This chaperone cycle is fine-tuned by another group of proteins called co-chaperones. They are able to accelerate or decelerate the cycle, allowing Hsp90 to chaperone different clients. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) can also regulate the chaperone cycle at an epigenetic level thereby tailoring Hsp90 function to suit a specific cell type or environmental condition. Recent evidence suggests that inhibition of the enzymes that catalyze the PTM of Hsp90 can act synergistically with Hsp90 inhibitors, providing a novel therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibitors in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Woodford
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Diana Dunn
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Jonelle B Miller
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sami Jamal
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Len Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mehdi Mollapour
- Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Cancer Research Institute, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
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