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Metzler VM, de Brot S, Robinson RS, Jeyapalan JN, Rakha E, Walton T, Gardner DS, Lund EF, Whitchurch J, Haigh D, Lochray JM, Robinson BD, Allegrucci C, Fray RG, Persson JL, Ødum N, Miftakhova RR, Rizvanov AA, Hughes IA, Tadokoro-Cuccaro R, Heery DM, Rutland CS, Mongan NP. Androgen dependent mechanisms of pro-angiogenic networks in placental and tumor development. Placenta 2017; 56:79-85. [PMID: 28238455 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The placenta and tumors share important characteristics, including a requirement to establish effective angiogenesis. In the case of the placenta, optimal angiogenesis is required to sustain the blood flow required to maintain a successful pregnancy, whereas in tumors establishing new blood supplies is considered a key step in supporting metastases. Therefore the development of novel angiogenesis inhibitors has been an area of active research in oncology. A subset of the molecular processes regulating angiogenesis are well understood in the context of both early placentation and tumorigenesis. In this review we focus on the well-established role of androgen regulation of angiogenesis in cancer and relate these mechanisms to placental angiogenesis. The physiological actions of androgens are mediated by the androgen receptor (AR), a ligand dependent transcription factor. Androgens and the AR are essential for normal male embryonic development, puberty and lifelong health. Defects in androgen signalling are associated with a diverse range of clinical disorders in men and women including disorders of sex development (DSD), polycystic ovary syndrome in women and many cancers. We summarize the diverse molecular mechanisms of androgen regulation of angiogenesis and infer the potential significance of these pathways to normal and pathogenic placental function. Finally, we offer potential research applications of androgen-targeting molecules developed to treat cancer as investigative tools to help further delineate the role of androgen signalling in placental function and maternal and offspring health in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika M Metzler
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Simone de Brot
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Robert S Robinson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Jennie N Jeyapalan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- School of Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Thomas Walton
- Department of Urology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - David S Gardner
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Emma F Lund
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | - Daisy Haigh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Jack M Lochray
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Brian D Robinson
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York 10065, USA
| | - Cinzia Allegrucci
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Rupert G Fray
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Jenny L Persson
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Niels Ødum
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Regina R Miftakhova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Sweden; Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420008, Russian Federation
| | - Ieuan A Hughes
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - David M Heery
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TQ, UK
| | - Catrin S Rutland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK.
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, LE12 5RD, UK; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York 10065, USA.
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McKay RR, Zurita AJ, Werner L, Bruce JY, Carducci MA, Stein MN, Heath EI, Hussain A, Tran HT, Sweeney CJ, Ross RW, Kantoff PW, Slovin SF, Taplin ME. A Randomized Phase II Trial of Short-Course Androgen Deprivation Therapy With or Without Bevacizumab for Patients With Recurrent Prostate Cancer After Definitive Local Therapy. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:1913-20. [PMID: 27044933 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.65.3154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with recurrent prostate cancer after local treatment make up a heterogeneous population for whom androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the usual treatment. The purpose of this randomized phase II trial was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of short-course ADT with or without bevacizumab in men with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had an increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of ≤ 50 ng/mL and PSA doubling time of less than 18 months. Patients had either no metastases or low burden, asymptomatic metastases (lymph nodes < 3 cm and five or fewer bone metastases). Patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist, bicalutamide and bevacizumab or ADT alone, for 6 months. The primary end point was PSA relapse-free survival (RFS). Relapse was defined as a PSA of more than 0.2 ng/mL for prostatectomy patients or PSA of more than 2.0 ng/mL for primary radiation therapy patients. RESULTS Sixty-six patients received ADT + bevacizumab and 36 received ADT alone. Patients receiving ADT + bevacizumab had a statistically significant improvement in RFS compared with patients treated with ADT alone (13.3 months for ADT + bevacizumab v 10.2 months for ADT alone; hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.77; log-rank P = .002). Hypertension was the most common adverse event in patients receiving ADT + bevacizumab (36%). CONCLUSION ADT combined with bevacizumab resulted in an improved RFS for patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Long-term follow-up is needed to determine whether some patients have a durable PSA response and are able to remain off ADT for prolonged periods. Our data provide rationale for combining vascular endothelial growth factor-targeting therapy with ADT in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana R McKay
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Amado J Zurita
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lillian Werner
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Justine Y Bruce
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Michael A Carducci
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mark N Stein
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Elisabeth I Heath
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Arif Hussain
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Hai T Tran
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Christopher J Sweeney
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert W Ross
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Philip W Kantoff
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Susan F Slovin
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Mary-Ellen Taplin
- Rana R. McKay, Lillian Werner, Christopher J. Sweeney, Philip W. Kantoff, and Mary-Ellen Taplin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Robert W. Ross, Bluebird Bio, Cambridge, MA; Amado J. Zurita and Hai T. Tran, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Justine Y. Bruce, University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI; Michael A. Carducci, Johns Hopkins University; Arif Hussain, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; Mark N. Stein, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Elisabeth I. Heath, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI; and Philip W. Kantoff and Susan F. Slovin, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
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