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Mirghani H, Blanchard P. Improving post-treatment follow-up of HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancers. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2024:S1879-7296(24)00054-1. [PMID: 38658261 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- H Mirghani
- Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale, université Paris Cité, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20-40, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - P Blanchard
- Service de radiothérapie, Institut Gustave-Roussy, 39, rue Camille-Desmoulin, 94800 Villejuif, France
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Dickey BL, Putney RM, Schell MJ, Berglund AE, Amelio AL, Caudell JJ, Chung CH, Giuliano AR. Identification of a Biomarker Panel from Genome-Wide Methylation to Detect Early HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2024; 17:169-176. [PMID: 38286404 PMCID: PMC10987272 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-23-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
As oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) increases in men, the need for a screening test to diagnose OPC early is crucial. This study agnostically identified differentially methylated CpG sites to identify additional biomarkers to improve screening for early OPC.DNA was extracted from oral gargles of 89 early cases and 108 frequency matched healthy controls, and processed for genome-wide methylation using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip. Selected sites were combined with our prior methylation data in the EPB41L3 gene (CpG sites 438, 427, and 425) and oral HPV16 and HPV18 status were considered as binary variables (positive/negative). Lasso regression identified CpG sites strongly associated with early OPC. ROC curves with AUC were generated. The panel was validated utilizing bootstrap resampling.Machine learning analyses identified 14 markers that are significantly associated with early OPC, including one EPB41L3 CpG site (438) and oral HPV16 status. A final model was trained on all available samples using the discovered panel and was able to predict early OPC compared with controls with an AUC of 0.970 on the training set. In the bootstrap validation sets, the average AUC was 0.935, indicating adequate internal validity.Our data suggest that this panel can detect OPC early, however external validation of this panel is needed. Further refinement of a panel of biomarkers to diagnose OPC earlier is urgently needed to prevent complex treatment of OPC and associated comorbidities, while reducing risk of recurrence. PREVENTION RELEVANCE This study identified biomarkers using genome-wide methylation to create a panel capable of discerning early oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) from those without OPC. Such a biomarker panel would be an effective tool to detect OPC early and prevent complications of treatment associated with later diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney L. Dickey
- Center for Immunization and infection Research in Cancer and the Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida USA
| | - Ryan M Putney
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Michael J. Schell
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Anders E. Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Antonio L. Amelio
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jimmy J. Caudell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Christine H. Chung
- Department of Head and Neck-Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Anna R. Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and infection Research in Cancer and the Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida USA
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Niyoteka S, Seban RD, Rouhi R, Scarsbrook A, Genestie C, Classe M, Carré A, Sun R, La Greca Saint-Esteven A, Chargari C, McKenna J, McDermott G, Malinen E, Tanadini-Lang S, Guckenberger M, Guren MG, Lemanski C, Deutsch E, Robert C. A common [18F]-FDG PET radiomic signature to predict survival in patients with HPV-induced cancers. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:4010-4023. [PMID: 37632562 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) and anal and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC and OPSCC) are mostly caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV). In this paper, we developed machine learning (ML) models based on clinical, biological, and radiomic features extracted from pre-treatment fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]-FDG PET) images to predict the survival of patients with HPV-induced cancers. For this purpose, cohorts from five institutions were used: two cohorts of patients treated for LACC including 104 patients from Gustave Roussy Campus Cancer (Center 1) and 90 patients from Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (Center 2), two datasets of patients treated for ASCC composed of 66 patients from Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (Center 3) and 67 patients from Oslo University Hospital (Center 4), and one dataset of 45 OPSCC patients from the University Hospital of Zurich (Center 5). Radiomic features were extracted from baseline [18F]-FDG PET images. The ComBat technique was applied to mitigate intra-scanner variability. A modified consensus nested cross-validation for feature selection and hyperparameter tuning was applied on four ML models to predict progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using harmonized imaging features and/or clinical and biological variables as inputs. Each model was trained and optimized on Center 1 and Center 3 cohorts and tested on Center 2, Center 4, and Center 5 cohorts. The radiomic-based CoxNet model achieved C-index values of 0.75 and 0.78 for PFS and 0.76, 0.74, and 0.75 for OS on the test sets. Radiomic feature-based models had superior performance compared to the bioclinical ones, and combining radiomic and bioclinical variables did not improve the performances. Metabolic tumor volume (MTV)-based models obtained lower C-index values for a majority of the tested configurations but quite equivalent performance in terms of time-dependent AUCs (td-AUC). The results demonstrate the possibility of identifying common PET-based image signatures for predicting the response of patients with induced HPV pathology, validated on multi-center multiconstructor data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Niyoteka
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France.
| | - Romain-David Seban
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Curie, Saint Cloud, France
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Rahimeh Rouhi
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Andrew Scarsbrook
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Marion Classe
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Pathology Department, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexandre Carré
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Roger Sun
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Cyrus Chargari
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Jack McKenna
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Garry McDermott
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Eirik Malinen
- Department of Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Matthias Guckenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marianne G Guren
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claire Lemanski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Charlotte Robert
- Université Paris Saclay, INSERM UMR1030, Gustave Roussy, 94805, Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France
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Mirghani H, Troux C, Leroy C, El Bedoui S, Aupérin A, Garic F, Bozec A, Schiappa R, Blanchard P, Gorphe P, Culié D. Post-therapeutic surveillance of HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancers: are we ready to change our practices? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023:10.1007/s00405-023-07952-8. [PMID: 37010600 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although HPV-positive and negative oropharyngeal cancers are two distinct diseases, Post-Therapeutic Surveillance (PTS) modalities are similar. Adjusting PTS strategies to HPV status will represent a massive practice change that raises the issue of its acceptability, by both physicians and patients. METHODS Two distinct surveys were designed and submitted, respectively, to HPV-positive patients and physicians (surgeons, radiation and medical oncologists) involved in head and neck cancer treatment. RESULTS 133 patients and 90 physicians have participated to the study. Most patients were reluctant to embrace new PTS options (remote consultations, nurse consultations and smart phone applications). However, 84% of patients would be favorable to use HPV Circulating DNA (HPV Ct DNA) measurement to guide surveillance modalities. 57% of physicians acknowledged that our current PTS strategy is improvable and most of them would accept the use of new monitoring options from the third year of follow-up. 87% of physicians would be interested to participate to a trial comparing the current PTS strategy to a new approach, where monitoring modalities (number of visits, imaging prescription) would depend on HPV Ct DNA level. CONCLUSIONS Patients and physicians are aware that PTS modalities should depend on HPV status. Their adhesion is a prerequisite to any potential changes. Strategies based on HPV Ct DNA measurement should be assessed within a randomized clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Mirghani
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris Cité University, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, France.
| | - Camille Troux
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris Cité University, 20 rue Leblanc, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Leroy
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, England
| | - Sophie El Bedoui
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Centre Oscar Lambret, 3 Rue Frédéric Combemale, Lille, France
| | - Anne Aupérin
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Florence Garic
- Unicancer, 67 avenue de Fonteainebleau 94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alexandre Bozec
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Campus, 33 avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France
| | - Renaud Schiappa
- Department of Statistics, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Campus, 33 avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France
| | - Pierre Blanchard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Gorphe
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, Villejuif, France
| | - Dorian Culié
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Campus, 33 avenue de Valombrose, Nice, France
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Wong ET, Huang SH, O'Sullivan B, Persaud V, Su J, Waldron J, Goldstein DP, de Almeida J, Ringash J, Kim J, Hope A, Bratman S, Cho J, Giuliani M, Hosni A, Spreafico A, Hansen A, Tong L, Xu W, Yu E. Head and neck imaging surveillance strategy for HPV-positive oropharyngeal carcinoma following definitive (chemo)radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2021; 157:255-262. [PMID: 33600871 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the utilization pattern of head and neck (HN) surveillance imaging and explore the optimal strategy for radiologic "residual" lymph node (LN) surveillance following definitive (chemo)radiotherapy (RT/CRT) in human papillomavirus (HPV)+ oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC). METHODS All HPV+ OPC patients who completed RT/CRT from 2012 to 2015 were included. Schedule and rationale for post-treatment HN-CT/MRI were recorded. Imaging findings and oncologic outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 1036 scans in 412 patients were reviewed: 414 scans for first post-treatment response assessment and 622 scans for the following reasons: follow-up of radiologic "residual" LN(s) (293 scans/175 patients); local symptoms (227/146); other (17/16); unknown (85/66). Rate of scans with "unstated" reason varied significantly among clinicians (3-28%, p < 0.001) and none of them yielded any positive imaging findings. First post-treatment scans identified 192 (47%) patients with radiologic "residual" LNs. Neck dissection (ND) was performed in 28 patients: 16 immediately (6/16 positive), 10 after one follow-up scan (2/10 positive), and 2 after 2nd follow-up scan (1/2 positive). Thirty patients had >2 consecutive follow-up scans at 2-3-month intervals, and none showed subsequent imaging progression or regional failure. CONCLUSIONS Pattern of HN imaging utilization for surveillance varied significantly among clinicians. Imaging surveillance reduces the need for ND. However, routine HN-CT/MR surveillance without clinical symptoms/signs does not demonstrate proven value in identifying locoregional failure or toxicity. Radiologic "residual" LNs without adverse features are common. If two subsequent follow-up scans demonstrate stable/regressing radiologic "residual" LNs, clinical surveillance without further imaging appears to be safe in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin T Wong
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Shao Hui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | - Brian O'Sullivan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Vincent Persaud
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Biostatistics Division, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - John Waldron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - David P Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - John de Almeida
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Jolie Ringash
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - John Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Hope
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Scott Bratman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - John Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Meredith Giuliani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ali Hosni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Aaron Hansen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Li Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Biostatistics Division, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Eugene Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
BACKGROUND US health care is increasingly defined by over expenditure and inefficiency. Optimizing patient follow-up is critical, especially in cancers treated with high control rates. To optimize patient care, this study assessed time to disease recurrence or toxicity in patients with anal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 140 patients with biopsy-proven, nonmetastatic anal carcinoma, treated with chemoradiation utilizing intensity-modulated radiation therapy, were identified from our institutional database. This retrospective study evaluated local recurrence (LR), distant metastasis (DM), overall survival (OS), and late ≥grade 3 toxicity (LG3T). Patients were followed posttreatment every 3 months for 2 years, every 6 months in years 3 to 5, then yearly thereafter per NCCN recommendations. RESULTS The median age and follow-up was 58 years and 27 months, respectively. Patients were categorized into high (n=61; 44%) and low (n=77; 55%) risk groups based on stage. The 2-year LC, DMFS, and OS were 93%, 94%, and 89% and 5-year LC, DMFS, OS were 92%, 87%, and 85%, respectively. Overall, there were 29 events (9 LR, 11 DM, and 9 LG3T), with 62% of events occurring within year 1 and 79% within 2 years. Stratified by event type, at 2 years 89% of LR, 64% of DM, and 89% LG3T were identified. At the remaining follow-up points, the event incidence rate was 1.3%. CONCLUSION With the majority of recurrences/toxicities occurring within the first 2 years, a reduction in follow-up during years 3 to 5 may provide adequate surveillance. Revisions of the current recommendations could maximize resources while improving patient quality of life.
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Canavan JF, Harr BA, Bodmann JW, Reddy CA, Ferrini JR, Ives DI, Chute DJ, Fleming CW, Woody NM, Geiger JL, Joshi NP, Koyfman SA, Adelstein DJ. Impact of routine surveillance imaging on detecting recurrence in human papillomavirus associated oropharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2020; 103:104585. [PMID: 32044714 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examines the utility of surveillance imaging in detecting locoregional failures (LRF), distant failures (DF) and second primary tumors (SPT) in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS An institutional database identified 225 patients with biopsy proven, non- metastatic HPV+ OPC treated with definitive CRT between 2004 and 2015, whose initial post-treatment imaging was negative for disease recurrence (DR). Two groups were defined: patients with <2 scans/year Group 1 and patients with ≥2 scans/year Group 2. The Mann-Whitney test or Chi-square was used to determine differences in baseline characteristics between groups. Fine & Gray regression was used to detect an association between imaging frequency, DR and diagnosis of SPT. RESULTS Median follow up was 40.8 months. 30% of patients had ≥T3 disease and 90% had ≥ N2 disease (AJCC 7th edition). Twenty one failures (9.3%) were observed, 7 LRF and 15 DF. Six LRF occurred within 24 months and 14 DF occurred within 36 months of treatment completion. Regression analysis showed Group 2 had increased risk of DR compared to Group1 (HR 10.3; p = 0.002) albeit with more advanced disease at baseline. Five SPT were found (2 lung, 2 esophagus, and 1 oropharynx) between 4.5 and 159 months post-CRT. CONCLUSION Surveillance imaging seems most useful in the first 2-3 years post treatment, and is particularly important in detecting DF. Surveillance scans for SPT has a low yield, but should be considered for those meeting lung cancer screening guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joycelin F Canavan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States.
| | - Bridgett A Harr
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Joanna W Bodmann
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Chandana A Reddy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Jodi R Ferrini
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Denise I Ives
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Deborah J Chute
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Christopher W Fleming
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Neil M Woody
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Jessica L Geiger
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Nikhil P Joshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - Shlomo A Koyfman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
| | - David J Adelstein
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
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8
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FDG-PET/CT in the surveillance of head and neck cancer following radiotherapy. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 277:539-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ilmarinen T, Keski-Säntti HT, Markkanen-Leppänen ML, Haapaniemi A, Tapiovaara L, Atula T, Bäck L. Reply to "Do not de-escalate oncology care in oropharyngeal cancer routinely". Head Neck 2019; 42:145-146. [PMID: 31512788 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taru Ilmarinen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri T Keski-Säntti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari L Markkanen-Leppänen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Tapiovaara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Atula
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Bäck
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Rollo F, Donà MG, Pichi B, Pellini R, Covello R, Benevolo M. Evaluation of the Anyplex II HPV28 Assay in the Detection of Human Papillomavirus in Archival Samples of Oropharyngeal Carcinomas. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2019; 144:620-625. [PMID: 31509455 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0199-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The improved survival and better response to treatments of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) highlight the need for effective tools in evaluating HPV status on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) cancer tissues. To date, there is no agreement regarding the most appropriate method for HPV testing on FFPE materials. OBJECTIVE.— We aimed to investigate the performance of the Anyplex II HPV28 (Anyplex) on FFPE OPSCC tissues and to compare it with 2 other methods for HPV-DNA detection and p16 overexpression. DESIGN.— One hundred sixty FFPE OPSCCs were evaluated, which had already been analyzed with the INNO-LiPA HPV assay, Xpert HPV assay, and p16 immunostaining. RESULTS.— All the samples but 1 provided valid results with the Anyplex, which showed the highest HPV detection rate and a good concordance with all the other methods (κ = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.65-0.85 versus INNO-LiPA; κ = 0.80, 95% CI, 0.70-0.89 versus Xpert; κ = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.65-0.86 versus p16). Moreover, the HPV-driven fraction, based on HPV-DNA and p16 double positivity, was higher with Anyplex (83 of 159, 52.2%) than with the other 2 assays, that is, 78 of 156 (50.0%) for INNO-LiPA and 80 of 160 (50.0%) for Xpert. CONCLUSIONS.— Anyplex II HPV28 showed a higher HPV detection rate and HPV-associated fraction than the other methods used. This assay is suitable for HPV detection in archival OPSCC tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rollo
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Rollo, Covello, and Benevolo) and Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery (Drs Pichi and Pellini), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy; and STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy (Dr Donà)
| | - Maria Gabriella Donà
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Rollo, Covello, and Benevolo) and Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery (Drs Pichi and Pellini), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy; and STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy (Dr Donà)
| | - Barbara Pichi
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Rollo, Covello, and Benevolo) and Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery (Drs Pichi and Pellini), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy; and STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy (Dr Donà)
| | - Raul Pellini
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Rollo, Covello, and Benevolo) and Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery (Drs Pichi and Pellini), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy; and STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy (Dr Donà)
| | - Renato Covello
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Rollo, Covello, and Benevolo) and Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery (Drs Pichi and Pellini), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy; and STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy (Dr Donà)
| | - Maria Benevolo
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Rollo, Covello, and Benevolo) and Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery (Drs Pichi and Pellini), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy; and STI/HIV Unit, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy (Dr Donà)
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11
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Orlandi E, Licitra L. The day after De-ESCALaTE and RTOG 1016 trials results. Future Oncol 2019; 15:2069-2072. [PMID: 31238718 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Orlandi
- Radiotherapy 1-2 Units, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Lisa Licitra
- Medical Oncology 3 Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan 20133, Italy.,University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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12
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Ilmarinen T, Keski-Säntti H, Markkanen-Leppänen M, Haapaniemi A, Tapiovaara L, Atula T, Bäck LJJ. De-escalation of post-treatment surveillance in oropharyngeal cancer. Head Neck 2018; 41:1457-1462. [PMID: 30582249 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of new oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) cases are associated with human papillomavirus and favorable prognosis. Post-treatment follow-up should be targeted to patients at greatest risk for disease recurrence. METHODS To assess the benefits of routine clinical surveillance in OPSCC, we reviewed all follow-up visits conducted in 2014 at Helsinki University Hospital Department of Otorhinolaryngology. RESULTS Of 366 visits, 26 (7%) were from patients presenting with a new symptom, and disease recurrence was detected in four. The presence of a new symptom was significantly associated with disease recurrence (P < 0.001). Of 366 visits, 340 (93%) were from patients presenting without new symptoms, and not a single recurrence was found during these visits. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, and previous studies assessing the prognosis and pattern of recurrent OPSCC, we concluded that the number of routine post-treatment visits can be reduced. Follow-up should rather focus on symptom-directed examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru Ilmarinen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Keski-Säntti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari Markkanen-Leppänen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aaro Haapaniemi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Tapiovaara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Atula
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif J J Bäck
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Wang K, Moon DH, Amdur RJ, Dagan R, Sheets NC, Shen CJ, Green R, Patel SN, Zanation AM, Thorp BD, Hackman TG, Weissler MC, Mendenhall WM, Chera BS. Shoulder symptoms and quality of life impact of limited neck dissection after de‐intensified chemoradiotherapy: Secondary analysis of two prospective trials. Head Neck 2018; 41:1213-1219. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Wang
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Dominic H. Moon
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Robert J. Amdur
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Florida Hospitals Gainesville Florida
| | - Roi Dagan
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Florida Hospitals Gainesville Florida
| | - Nathan C. Sheets
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Colette J. Shen
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Rebecca Green
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Samip N. Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Adam M. Zanation
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Brian D. Thorp
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Trevor G. Hackman
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Mark C. Weissler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | | | - Bhishamjit S. Chera
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of North Carolina Hospitals Chapel Hill North Carolina
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14
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Ng SP, Johnson JM, Gunn GB, Rosenthal DI, Skinner HD, Phan J, Frank SJ, Morrison W, Sturgis EM, Mott FE, Williams MD, Fuller CD, Garden AS. Significance of Negative Posttreatment 18-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Patients With p16/HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:1029-1035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Kiessling SY, Broglie MA, Soltermann A, Huber GF, Stoeckli SJ. Comparison of PI3K Pathway in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer With and Without Tobacco Exposure. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2018; 3:283-289. [PMID: 30186959 PMCID: PMC6119789 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate whether HPV associated OPSCC with tobacco exposure follows a different carcinogenic pathway compared to HPV associated OPSCC without tobacco exposure and to investigate its prognostic significance. The question was addressed with focus on components of the PI3K pathway. Methods 184 patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC treated with curative intent were consecutively enrolled. The expression level of p16, p53, PI3K, mTOR, and PTEN was assessed by immunohistochemistry and analyzed in relation to the risk factors HPV status and tobacco exposure. Results 94 of 184 (51%) patients were p16 positive, p53 overexpression was detected in 48 of 184 (26%) cases. PI3K overexpression with 70 of 184 (38%) cases was significantly higher in p16 positive tumors. mTOR overexpression was present in 90 of 184 (49%) cases and significantly higher in p16 negative tumors. PTEN loss was found in 42 of 184 (23%) cases without association to p16 expression. p16 positive OPSCC showed lower rates of p53 expression and mTOR expression as well as higher rates of PI3K expression irrespective of tobacco exposure. Survival analysis showed a distinct intermediate survival rate of p16 positive smokers. The markers PI3K, mTOR, and PTEN did not have a significant impact on survival. Conclusion HPV associated OPSCC with tobacco exposure follows the same expression level of the PI3K pathway as HPV associated OPSCC without tobacco exposure. The impaired survival rate of the intermediate risk group cannot be explained by different expression patterns of PI3K, mTOR, and PTEN. Level of Evidence 2b
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Young Kiessling
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Martina Anja Broglie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Alex Soltermann
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Frank Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital of Zurich Zurich Switzerland.,University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Sandro Johannes Stoeckli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
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16
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Wittekindt C, Wagner S, Sharma SJ, Würdemann N, Knuth J, Reder H, Klußmann JP. [HPV - A different view on Head and Neck Cancer]. Laryngorhinootologie 2018; 97:S48-S113. [PMID: 29905354 PMCID: PMC6540966 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer with over 500000 annually reported incident cases worldwide. Besides major risk factors tobacco and alcohol, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) show increased association with human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV-associated and HPV-negative OSCC are 2 different entities regarding biological characteristics, therapeutic response, and patient prognosis. In HPV OSCC, viral oncoprotein activity, as well as genetic (mutations and chromosomal aberrations) and epigenetic alterations plays a key role during carcinogenesis. Based on improved treatment response, the introduction of therapy de-intensification and targeted therapy is discussed for patients with HPV OSCC. A promising targeted therapy concept is immunotherapy. The use of checkpoint inhibitors (e.g. anti-PD1) is currently investigated. By means of liquid biopsies, biomarkers such as viral DNA or tumor mutations in the will soon be available for disease monitoring, as well as detection of treatment failure. By now, primary prophylaxis of HPV OSCC can be achieved by vaccination of girls and boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wittekindt
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
| | - Shachi Jenny Sharma
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
| | - Nora Würdemann
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
| | - Jennifer Knuth
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
| | - Henrike Reder
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
| | - Jens Peter Klußmann
- Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf-/Halschirurgie, Plastische Operationen, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Gießen
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17
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Wang K, Wong TZ, Amdur RJ, Mendenhall WM, Sheets NC, Green R, Thorp BD, Patel SN, Hackman TG, Zanation AM, Weissler MC, Chera BS. Pitfalls of post-treatment PET after de-intensified chemoradiotherapy for HPV-associated oropharynx cancer: Secondary analysis of a phase 2 trial. Oral Oncol 2018; 78:108-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Nelissen C, Sherriff J, Jones T, Guest P, Colley S, Sanghera P, Hartley A. The Role of Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging in Head and Neck Cancer after Radical Chemoradiotherapy: a Single Institution Experience. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017; 29:753-759. [PMID: 28780008 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is used to restage head and neck cancer 3 months after chemoradiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the negative predictive value (NPV) of a scan reported as having no abnormal uptake and the positive predictive values (PPV) for different maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) thresholds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oro-/hypopharynx/larynx (n = 206) were included. SUVmax and subsequent locoregional recurrence were documented. RESULTS The median SUVmax was 11.2 (range 4-33)/4.6 (range 2-30), respectively, in patients with/without definite primary site recurrence (P = 0.004). The median SUVmax was 4.4 (range 2.6-15.6)/3.1 (range 2.1-4.6), respectively, in patients with/without definite nodal recurrence (P = 0.003). The NPV for a scan reported as having no abnormal uptake was 92%. The PPV for the SUVmax thresholds 4, 6 and 8, respectively, were 53, 65 and 92% (primary site) and 93, 100 and 100% (nodes). CONCLUSIONS The NPV of PET/CT after chemoradiation is consistent with the literature and underlines the importance of PET/CT in restaging the primary site if salvage neck dissection is considered. The overall PPV of PET/CT remains low but is high for nodal SUVmax > 4. These data could be used to design risk-stratified follow-up schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Nelissen
- Hall-Edwards Radiotherapy Research Group, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
| | - J Sherriff
- Hall-Edwards Radiotherapy Research Group, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Jones
- Department of Radiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Guest
- Department of Radiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Colley
- Department of Radiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Sanghera
- Hall-Edwards Radiotherapy Research Group, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Hartley
- Hall-Edwards Radiotherapy Research Group, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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19
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Chen AM, Chin R, Beron P, Yoshizaki T, Mikaeilian AG, Cao M. Inadequate target volume delineation and local–regional recurrence after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for human papillomavirus-positive oropharynx cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017; 123:412-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Abstract
The current TNM staging for oropharyngeal cancer (OSCC) was designed empirically for non-HPV-related disease. Emerging evidence suggests it is unsuited for Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related OSCC. Patients with HPV-positive tumors have improved prognosis, despite presenting at advanced stages. These shortcomings of the current staging system have been identified in single- and multi-institutional trials. Patients with HPV related OSCC typically present with advanced N-stages leading to higher stage groupings. A rarity of stages I and II therefore represents the nature of HPV-related OSCC. Concerning prognosis of the patients, N-category and extracapsular spread seem to be of minor importance, whereas advanced T-stages result in unfavourable outcome. Anatomical staging therefore has been implied into different proposals to prognostic risk classifications in HPV-related disease as an additive compound. Prognostic risk groupings are further enhanced by incorporating non-anatomical factors. To summarize, it can be suggested that the current TNM system alone has little prognostic value in HPV-related OSCC.
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21
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Naghavi AO, Strom TJ, Ahmed KA, Echevarria MI, Abuodeh YA, Venkat PS, Frakes JM, Harrison LB, Trotti AM, Caudell JJ. Management of Oropharyngeal Cancer in the HPV Era. Cancer Control 2016; 23:197-207. [DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Historically, oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) has been attributed to risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use. The increased incidence of OPC has been driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Methods A search of the literature involving HPV infection and OPC was performed, along with a search of ongoing clinical trials regarding HPV-positive OPC. Results This review summarizes the differences in epidemiology and prognosis of HPV-positive OPC compared with non–HPV-related OPC. It will also discuss use of de-escalating treatment to minimize toxicity while maintaining excellent outcomes. Disease management is also addressed, including prevention and follow-up recommendations for this cohort of patients. Conclusions HPV-positive OPC is a distinct disease, and efforts should be made to personalize its management. Preventive measures and vaccinations, along with de-escalation of treatment, may help optimize outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash O. Naghavi
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tobin J. Strom
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kamran A. Ahmed
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michelle I. Echevarria
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yazan A. Abuodeh
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Puja S. Venkat
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jessica M. Frakes
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Louis B. Harrison
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Andy M. Trotti
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jimmy J. Caudell
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tampa, Florida
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