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Hong J, Choi E, Kim D, Seo MK, Kang H, Park B, Kim S. Immunological subtyping of salivary gland cancer identifies histological origin-specific tumor immune microenvironment. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:15. [PMID: 38245623 PMCID: PMC10799913 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene expression analysis enhances proper cancer subtyping, a better understanding of the molecular characteristics of cancer, and strategies for precision medicine. However, salivary gland cancer (SGC) subtyping remains largely unexplored because of its rarity and diverse histopathological and immunological characteristics. This study aimed to determine whether the histological origin and immunological characteristics of SGC subtypes are intrinsic tumor immunity factors. We performed immune profiling of 94 RNA-seq of SGC tissues and found that the SGCs that originated from the excretory duct (ED), such as the salivary duct and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, exhibit higher immunity than those from the intercalated duct (ID), such as the adenoid cystic and myoepithelial carcinomas, based on the computationally predicted immune score (p < 0.001), immune cell enrichment in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) (p < 0.001), T-cell receptor diversity (p < 0.001), and expression of signal I (major histocompatibility complex, MHC, p < 0.001) and signal II (co-stimulatory, p < 0.001 and co-inhibitory, p < 0.001) genes. Further analysis revealed that tolerogenic dendritic cell-induced dysfunctional T-cell populations and T-cell exclusion in the TIME are the major immune evasive mechanisms of the ED-and ID-derived SGCs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Hong
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunwoo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Seo
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyundeok Kang
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - BeumJin Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Pikul J, Rzepakowska A, Machnicki M, Stokłosa T. FGFR2 point mutation in 2 cases of pleomorphic adenoma progressing to myoepithelial carcinoma. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2023; 27:211-216. [PMID: 38239864 PMCID: PMC10793617 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2023.133592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Salivary gland tumours are rare neoplasms. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most frequent benign lesion. Myoepithelial carcinoma (MECA) is rarely recognized malignancy, but the prognosis is unfavourable. The aim of this study was to identify genetic rearrangements that might be responsible for dynamic MECA progression in patients with primary radical PA excision. Material and methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 1500 gene coding sequences was performed in primary and recurrent tumour tissue collected from 2 patients, in whom PA was initially diagnosed and within one year multifocal MECA was detected. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks with tumour tissues were subject to NGS analysis, involving small-scale mutations, as well as focal and chromosomal arm-level copy number changes. Results This study showed mutations in the FGFR2 gene in PA and MECA tissues, obtained from both patients. One of them, pathogenic mutation p.Pro253Arg, was associated with sensitivity to registered drug inhibitors. Additionally, FGFR1, EGFR, and CDK4/CDK6 amplification, as well as CDKN2A/B deletion, were detected in one case. Furthermore, mutations in suppressor gene APC2 and PIK3C2A were detected, but only in MECA tissue. The analysis also identified the following chromosomal copy alterations: 4q12-q13.3, 9p21.3, 5q23.1-q34, del8p23.3-p12, and del13q21.31-q31.1. Conclusions Rearrangement of the FGFR2 gene, identified in primary PA and MECA ex PA samples of both our patients, may be responsible for the malignant transformation and the disease progression. Further studies are encouraged to confirm the relevance of the findings. The therapy option with FGFR2 inhibitors may be considered in advanced or metastatic MECA ex PA with confirmed FGFR2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pikul
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Rzepakowska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Machnicki
- Department of Tumour Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stokłosa
- Department of Tumour Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Manou M, Kanakoglou DS, Loupis T, Vrachnos DM, Theocharis S, Papavassiliou AG, Piperi C. Role of Histone Deacetylases in the Pathogenesis of Salivary Gland Tumors and Therapeutic Targeting Options. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10038. [PMID: 37373187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) comprise a rare and heterogenous category of benign/malignant neoplasms with progressively increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underpinning their pathogenesis, poor prognosis, and therapeutic treatment efficacy. Emerging data are pointing toward an interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to their heterogeneity and diverse clinical phenotypes. Post-translational histone modifications such as histone acetylation/deacetylation have been shown to actively participate in the pathobiology of SGTs, further suggesting that histone deacetylating factors (HDACs), selective or pan-HDAC inhibitors (HDACis), might present effective treatment options for these neoplasms. Herein, we describe the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathology of the different types of SGTs, focusing on histone acetylation/deacetylation effects on gene expression as well as the progress of HDACis in SGT therapy and the current status of relevant clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios S Kanakoglou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Loupis
- Haematology Research Laboratory, Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios M Vrachnos
- Haematology Research Laboratory, Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Nishida H, Kusaba T, Kawamura K, Oyama Y, Daa T. Histopathological Aspects of the Prognostic Factors for Salivary Gland Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041236. [PMID: 36831578 PMCID: PMC9954716 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are diagnosed using histopathological examination, which significantly contributes to their progression, including lymph node/distant metastasis or local recurrence. In the current World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumors: Salivary Glands (5th edition), malignant and benign epithelial tumors are classified into 21 and 15 tumor types, respectively. All malignant tumors have the potential for lymph node/distant metastasis or local recurrence. In particular, mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC), salivary duct carcinoma, salivary carcinoma, not otherwise specified (NOS, formerly known as adenocarcinoma, NOS), myoepithelial carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (PA) are relatively prevalent. High-grade transformation is an important aspect of tumor progression in SGCs. MEC, AdCC, salivary carcinoma, and NOS have a distinct grading system; however, a universal histological grading system for SGCs has not yet been recommended. Conversely, PA is considered benign; nonetheless, it should be cautiously treated to avoid the development of metastasizing/recurrent PA. The aim of this review is to describe the current histopathological aspects of the prognostic factors for SGCs and discuss the genes or molecules used as diagnostic tools that might have treatment target potential in the future.
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Arrojo ML, Oliveira KK, Bettim BB, Kowalski LP, Carraro DM, Meira ITJE, Torrezan GT, Lourenço SV, Coutinho-Camillo CM. Tight junction gene expression in salivary gland tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154113. [PMID: 36099718 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salivary gland neoplasms comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions with multiple histological subtypes, each with distinct growth patterns, resulting in a spectrum of tumor-specific prognoses; pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) are the most common representatives of these neoplasms. Many studies have associated specific profiles of membrane and adhesion molecules in salivary gland tissues; these profiles appear to be relevant in tumor biology as well as be interpreted as fingerprints for tumor classification, diagnostic prognostic and therapeutic targets. One of these membrane molecule complexes are the tight junctions, composed by various proteins, in which claudins are protagonists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expressions of genes that encode tight junction proteins (CLDN-1, -3, -4, -5, -7, and -11, occludin [OCLN], zonula occludens [TJP1, TJP2, and TJP3] and junctional adhesion molecule A [F11R]) in MEC and PA using real time RT-PCR. We observed high expression of CLDN-1 and -7 and low expression of CLDN-3, -11 and TJP2 in MEC compared to PA. PA samples demonstrated high OCLN expression when compared to MEC. CRTC1::MAML2 fusion was detected in 12 of 20 (60.0%) MEC samples and was associated with CLDN7 expression, while the absence of fusion was associated with high histological grade. Increased CLDN5 expression was associated with submandibular gland tumors. This study demonstrated differential expressions of genes encoding tight junction constituent proteins and their associations with tumor characteristics, suggesting their potential future role as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luiza Arrojo
- International Research Center, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dirce Maria Carraro
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, International Research Center A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Tanus Job E Meira
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, International Research Center A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Tardin Torrezan
- Clinical and Functional Genomics Group, International Research Center A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Vanessa Lourenço
- Department of General Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Lam-Ubol A, Phattarataratip E. Distinct histone H3 modification profiles correlate with aggressive characteristics of salivary gland neoplasms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15063. [PMID: 36064736 PMCID: PMC9445049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of histones is the crucial event that affect many tumor-specific traits. A diverse type of histone modifications had been reported in different cancers with prognostic implications. This study aimed to examine the degree of histone H3 modifications in salivary gland neoplasms and their associations with tumor pathologic characteristics and proliferative activity. The expression of H3K9Ac, H3K18Ac, H3K9Me3 and Ki-67 in 70 specimens of salivary gland neoplasms, consisting of 30 mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), 20 adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and 20 pleomorphic adenoma (PA), were investigated immunohistochemically. The immunohistochemical scoring of 3 histone modification types and Ki-67 labeling index were determined. Overall, MEC demonstrated elevated H3K9Ac level compared with benign PA. Increased H3K9Me3 in MEC was positively correlated with small nest invasion at tumor front, advanced pathologic grade, and elevated proliferative index. In addition, the significant upregulation of all 3 types of histone H3 modification was noted in solid subtype of ACC and associated with increased cell proliferation. This study indicates that salivary gland neoplasms differentially acquire distinct patterns of histone H3 modification, which impact prognostically relevant cancer phenotypes. The hyperacetylation and methylation of histone H3 could be underpinning the prognostically worsen solid type of ACC, and the trimethylation of H3K9 may be involved in aggressive characteristics of MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroonwan Lam-Ubol
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, 114 Sukhumvit 23 Wattana, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
| | - Ekarat Phattarataratip
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Shi Q, Zhang B, Bsirini C, Li L, Giampoli EJ, Magliocca KR, Reid M, Zhou Z. NR4A3 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Analysis in Cytologic and Surgical Specimens of acinic cell carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2022; 127:86-91. [PMID: 35700750 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) may pose a diagnostic challenge, particularly on small biopsies and fine needle aspiration (FNA) because of its variable histology including potential high grade transformation and its mimickers. Immunoreactivity with circumferential membranous staining for DOG1 can support the diagnosis of AciCC but is not entirely specific. A novel rearrangement t(4;9)(q13;q31) leading to upregulation of nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) has been described in AciCC, is potentially detectable by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and may be useful in the evaluation for AciCC. METHODS Using NR4A3 Dual Color Break Apart Probe (Zytovision, Germany) FISH was performed on AciCCs from three large academic institutions. NR4A3 rearrangement was defined as positive signal patterns in 15% of tissue interphase nuclei. RESULTS 52 AciCCs including 47 resections and 5 FNAs (including 5 paired FNA/resections) were analyzed. 5 non-AciCC salivary gland tumors and 2 sialadenitis cases were used as controls. 8 (15%) (8/52) AciCCs failed FISH testing. FISH was positive in 23 AciCCs (sensitivity 59%, 23/39) with 100% concordance between five matched resection/FNAs (three were positive for FISH and two were negative). FISH was negative in all non-AciCCs (specificity: 100%, 0/7). CONCLUSION NR4A3 FISH has a sensitivity of 59% and specificity of 100% in detecting AciCC which suggests that NR4A3 rearrangement-driven upregulation is a recurrent, specific oncogenic event in AciCC, consistent with prior results. 100% concordance between matched FNA/resection samples validate its potential utility on cytology samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Shi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta GA 30308, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 626, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Caroline Bsirini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta GA 30308, USA
| | - Liqiong Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 626, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Ellen J Giampoli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 626, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kelly R Magliocca
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta GA 30308, USA
| | - Michelle Reid
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta GA 30308, USA
| | - Zhongren Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Nachtsheim L, Prinz J, Arolt C, Quaas A, Meyer M, Klußmann JP, Wolber P. [Novel therapeutic approaches for salivary gland carcinomas]. Laryngorhinootologie 2022; 101:876-881. [PMID: 35320850 DOI: 10.1055/a-1792-2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel therapeutic options for the treatment of salivary gland malignancies have emerged due to the improvement and distribution of molecular pathological testing methods and the availability of targeted therapies. Since they are less toxic, these new agents are a valuable alternative to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. On the one hand, there are new entity-specific therapies such as NTRK inhibitor therapy for secretory carcinomas and axitinib therapy for adenoid cystic carcinomas. Moreover, cross-entity therapeutics such as antiandrogenic therapy, HER2 inhibition, and PI3K inhibition are also coming to the fore. For metastatic/recurrent salivary gland carcinomas that cannot be treated with targeted therapy, platinum-based chemotherapies continue to be therapy of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Nachtsheim
- Klinik und Poliklinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Koln, Germany
| | - Johanna Prinz
- Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Koln, Germany
| | - Christoph Arolt
- Klinik für Pathologie, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Koln, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Klinik für Pathologie, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Koln, Germany
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Hals- Nasen- Ohrenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Klußmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Koln, Germany
| | - Philipp Wolber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln Medizinische Fakultät, Koln, Germany
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Zhao H, Han Q, Sun X, Wang Y, Chen Y. Warthin-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, mucinous metaplasia involving Warthin tumor: three case reports. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2022; 40:106-110. [PMID: 38597001 PMCID: PMC8905264 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Warthin-like mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a recently identified MEC variant of the salivary gland. MEC morphologically mimics Warthin tumor (WT) but harbors the same chromosomal translocation t (11; 19) (q21; p13) as MEC. Thus, differential diagnosis is crucial. MEC involving WT is extremely rare in salivary glands. In this study, we reported a case of Warthin-like MEC, a case of MEC co-existing with WT, and a case of mucinous metaplasia in WT. We also discussed the possible link between WT and MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Atarbashi-Moghadam S, Kholghi-Oskooei V, Ashrafi Hafez A, Taheri M. Expression of VDR-related lncRNAs in malignancies originated from salivary gland: A pilot study. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Sousa LG, Wang K, Torman D, Binks BJ, Rubin ML, Andersen CR, Lewis WE, Rivera MJ, Kaya D, El-Naggar AK, Hanna EY, Esmaeli B, Frank SJ, Bell D, Glisson BS, Rodon J, Meric-Bernstam F, Lee JJ, Ferrarotto R. Treatment patterns and outcomes of palliative systemic therapy in patients with salivary duct carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified. Cancer 2021; 128:509-518. [PMID: 34661906 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) and adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified (adeno-NOS), are rare salivary gland cancers. Data on the efficacy of systemic therapy for these diseases are limited. METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from patients seen at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center during 1990 to 2020. Objective response rate (ORR) was assessed per RECIST v1.1. Recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression model was performed to identify predictors of survival. RESULTS The analysis included 200 patients (110 with SDC and 90 with adeno-NOS); 77% had androgen-receptor-positive tumors and 47% had HER2-positive (2+-3+) tumors. Most patients without metastasis at diagnosis underwent surgery (98%) and postoperative radiotherapy (87%). Recurrence rate was 55%, and the median RFS was 2 years. Nodal involvement and positive surgical margins were associated with recurrence (P < .005). Among patients with stage IVA-B disease, addition of systemic therapy to local therapy increased OS (P = .049). The most-used palliative-systemic-therapy regimen was platinum doublet ± trastuzumab. For first-line therapy, the ORR and median PFS were 33% and 5.76 months, respectively, and for second-line therapy the ORR and median PFS were 25% and 5.3 months, respectively. ORR and PFS were higher with HER2-targeting agents. Median OS was 5 years overall and 2 years for metastatic disease. Older age and higher stage were associated with worse OS. CONCLUSION Adding systemic therapy to local therapy may improve outcomes of patients with locoregionally advanced SDC or adeno-NOS. Except for HER2-targeted therapy, response to palliative systemic therapy is limited. These findings may be used as a benchmark for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana G Sousa
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kaiwen Wang
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Danice Torman
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bailee J Binks
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Clark R Andersen
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Whitney E Lewis
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melvin J Rivera
- Division of Pharmacy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Diana Kaya
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adel K El-Naggar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ehab Y Hanna
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bita Esmaeli
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steven J Frank
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Diana Bell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bonnie S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jordi Rodon
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - J Jack Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Renata Ferrarotto
- Department of Thoracic Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Atarbashi-Moghadam S, Vafadar S, Shafagh S, Kholghi-Oskooei V, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M. Expression of lncRNAs in salivary gland malignancies. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Acharya S, Sinard RN, Rangel G, Rastatter JC, Sheyn A. Rethinking the Definition of High Risk in Pediatric Salivary Gland Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 166:548-556. [PMID: 34154462 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Indications for adjuvant radiation in pediatric salivary gland carcinoma rely on high-risk criteria extrapolated from adult data. We sought to determine whether adult-derived high-risk criteria were prognostic in children aged ≤21 years or young adults aged 22 to 39 years. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of a hospital-based national registry. SETTING Patients were identified from the National Cancer Database between 2004 and 2015. METHODS High-risk criteria were defined as adenoid cystic histology, intermediate/high grade, T3/T4, positive margins, and/or lymph node involvement. Exact matching was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between pediatric and young adult patients. RESULTS We identified 215 pediatric patients aged ≤21 years, 317 patients aged 22 to 30 years, and 466 patients aged 31 to 39 years. Within the pediatric cohort, there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between low- and high-risk groups (5-year OS, 100% vs 98.5%; P = .29). In contrast, within the young adult cohorts, there was a significant difference in OS between low- and high-risk groups in patients aged 22 to 30 years (5-year OS, 100% vs 96.1%; P = .01) and 31 to 39 years (5-year OS, 100% vs 88.5%; P < .001). When high-risk patients were matched 1:1 on high-risk criteria and race, pediatric patients were associated with better OS than those aged 22 to 30 years (P = .044) and those aged 31 to 39 years (P = .005). CONCLUSION Children have excellent OS, irrespective of adult-derived high-risk status. These findings underscore the need to understand how age modifies clinicopathologic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahaja Acharya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rebecca N Sinard
- Department of Otolaryngology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gustavo Rangel
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rastatter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anthony Sheyn
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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14
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Nakano K. Progress of molecular targeted therapy for head and neck cancer in clinical aspects. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2021; 2:15. [PMID: 35006440 PMCID: PMC8607362 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the body's head and neck area affects many functions such as breathing, swallowing, and speaking, systemic treatments to head and neck cancer patients are important not only for survival but also for preserving functions and quality of life. With the progress that has been made in molecular targeted therapy, anti-EGFR antibody (cetuximab) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) have provided survival benefits to head and neck cancer patients and are approved for clinical practice. Clinical trials incorporating these new drugs for patients with locally advanced head/neck cancers are underway. However, the existing clinical evidence regarding molecular targeted drugs for head and neck cancers is based mostly on clinical trials allocated to squamous cell carcinoma patients. New targeted therapies for non-squamous cell carcinoma patients were recently reported, e.g., tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of thyroid cancers and HER2-targeted therapy for salivary gland cancers. With the goal of improving local control, molecular targeted treatment strategies as salvage local therapy are being investigated, including boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT). Herein the history and landscape of molecular targeted therapy for head and neck cancers are summarized and reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Ariake, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan.
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15
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Pouloudi D, Manou M, Sarantis P, Tsoukalas N, Tsourouflis G, Dana E, Karamouzis MV, Klijanienko J, Theocharis S. Clinical Significance of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC)-1, -2, -4 and -6 Expression in Salivary Gland Tumors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030517. [PMID: 33799478 PMCID: PMC8000873 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) comprise a group of rare neoplasms. Locally aggressive, recurrent and/or metastatic SGTs are notorious for their resistance to systemic therapy, making the need for carefully designed, prospective and randomized trials with useful predictive markers mandatory to define new effective therapeutic protocols. Histone Deacetylases (HDACs), are thought to play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. They affect the DNA structure, being also able to regulate its transcription, repair, and replication. This study aimed to evaluate-to our knowledge for the first time-the HDAC-1, -2, -4 and -6 immunohistochemical expression in SGTs and their potential use as prognostic biomarkers. Medical records and archival histopathological material of 58 (36 benign and 22 malignant) SGT patients were included in this study. The H-score was statistically correlated with the clinicopathological characteristics for all cases and patients' survival rate in malignant SGTs. HDAC-2 positivity was significantly associated with more prolonged overall survival (OS) of patients with malignant SGTs (p = 0.028), while HDAC-2 positivity and no HDAC-6 expression were associated with prolonged OS of patients with HG malignant SGT (p = 0.003 and p = 0.043, respectively). Additionally, a high HDAC-2 H-score was significantly associated with longer OS for HG malignant SGT patients (p = 0.027). In our study, HDAC-2 expression is a marker for good prognosis, whereas HDAC-6 expression indicated poor prognosis; thus, an inhibitor of HDAC-6 may be used to improve patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Pouloudi
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.M.); (P.S.); (N.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Maria Manou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.M.); (P.S.); (N.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.M.); (P.S.); (N.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Tsoukalas
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.M.); (P.S.); (N.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eougken Dana
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.M.); (P.S.); (N.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Michalis V. Karamouzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (D.P.); (M.M.); (P.S.); (N.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, 75248 Paris, France;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +30-210-7462116; Fax: +30-210-7462157
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16
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Venkat S, Fitzpatrick S, Drew PA, Bhattacharyya I, Cohen DM, Islam MN. Secretory Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity: A Retrospective Case Series with Review of Literature. Head Neck Pathol 2021; 15:893-904. [PMID: 33660147 PMCID: PMC8384990 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Secretory carcinoma (SC) is an uncommon salivary gland neoplasm of the oral cavity that microscopically may mimic acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). This study describes a series of SC in minor glands with a literature review. We performed a retrospective search for oral SC, within the archives of the University of Florida, Oral Pathology and Surgical Pathology Biopsy services from 2010 to 2018. A total of 10 SCs were identified in the oral and maxillofacial region, four of which were in the minor salivary glands. The demographic, clinical, histological, and molecular findings were aggregated for all 4 cases. Patient age varied from 30 to 60 years, with an average of 45 years. Two cases each were in female and male patients. Two cases presented on the labial mucosa, and one each on the hard and soft palate. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining showed mammaglobin positivity in all cases, GATA3 positivity in two cases, S100 positivity in three cases, and SOX10 positivity in only one case. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated positivity for ETV6-NTRK3 fusion in 4 cases. Although oral SC is rare, pathologists should be aware of the histologic overlap between the SC and other salivary gland neoplasms such as ACC and MEC. A judicious application of IHC staining would aid in diagnosis. SC should be considered in the differential diagnosis for intraoral salivary gland tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Venkat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Sarah Fitzpatrick
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Peter A Drew
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine College of Medicine, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Indraneel Bhattacharyya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Donald M Cohen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mohammed N Islam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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17
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Mezi S, Pomati G, Botticelli A, De Felice F, Musio D, della Monaca M, Amirhassankhani S, Vullo F, Cerbelli B, Carletti R, Di Gioia C, Catalano C, Valentini V, Tombolini V, Della Rocca C, Marchetti P. Primary squamous cell carcinoma of major salivary gland: "Sapienza Head and Neck Unit" clinical recommendations. Rare Tumors 2020; 12:2036361320973526. [PMID: 33282162 PMCID: PMC7691911 DOI: 10.1177/2036361320973526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of salivary gland (SCG) is an extremely rare type of malignant salivary gland tumor, which in turn results in scarcity of data available regarding both its treatment and associated genetic alterations. A retrospective analysis of 12 patients with primary SCG was conducted, along with analysis of the association between treatment, clinical/pathological characteristics, and outcomes. Most patients (8) were staged IVa, with the majority of them (10) having G3 fast growing cancer. Local and systemic recurrence were reported in only three out of nine parotid cases (0 out of 2 submandibular SCGs). In two out of eight patients local relapse occurred after integrated treatment, while recurrence occurred in two out of three patients undergoing exclusive surgery. Five patients eventually died. Treatment of resectable disease must be aggressive and multimodal, with achievement of loco-regional control in order to reduce rate of recurrence and improve outcomes. Metastatic disease would require a therapeutic strategy tailored to the molecular profile in order to improve the currently disappointing results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Mezi
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Pomati
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular
Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Felice
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Musio
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco della Monaca
- Department of Odontostomatological and
Maxillo-Facial Science “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Vullo
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruna Cerbelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cira Di Gioia
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Catalano
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentino Valentini
- Department of Odontostomatological and
Maxillo-Facial Science “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tombolini
- Department of Radiological, Oncological
and Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Della Rocca
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences
and Biotechnologies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular
Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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18
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Kar A, Adeniji A, Rao VUS, Ghosh M. Molecular landscape of salivary gland cancers. Oral Oncol 2020; 104:104595. [PMID: 32081526 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of salivary gland tumors can be challenging because of the many diagnostic entities, the sometimes extensive morphologic overlap, and the rarity of most tumor types. The current understanding of molecular rearrangements in salivary gland tumor pathology, emphasizes the prospects for exploiting molecular alterations in salivary gland tumors for diagnosis and targeted therapy. As new targeted therapies emerge, it will become increasingly vital to incorporate appropriate molecular testing into the pathologic evaluation of salivary gland cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Kar
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Health Care Global Cancer Center, India.
| | - Adegbola Adeniji
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Health Care Global Cancer Center, India
| | - Vishal U S Rao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Health Care Global Cancer Center, India
| | - Mithua Ghosh
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Genomics, Health Care Global Cancer Center, India
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19
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Cavalieri S, Platini F, Bergamini C, Resteghini C, Galbiati D, Bossi P, Perrone F, Tamborini E, Quattrone P, Licitra L, Locati LD, Alfieri S. Genomics in non-adenoid cystic group of salivary gland cancers: one or more druggable entities? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:435-443. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1598376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cavalieri
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Platini
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bergamini
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Resteghini
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Donata Galbiati
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Bossi
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Perrone
- Pathology Department. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tamborini
- Pathology Department. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Quattrone
- Pathology Department. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Licitra
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Deborah Locati
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Alfieri
- Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology 3 Unit. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
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20
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Goulart-Filho JAV, Montalli VAM, Passador-Santos F, de Araújo NS, de Araújo VC. Role of apoptotic, autophagic and senescence pathways in minor salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2019; 14:14. [PMID: 30736793 PMCID: PMC6368765 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a salivary gland malignancy with poor long-term survival, which warrants studies aimed at clarifying the pathogenesis of this disease in order to widen the scope of therapeutic options currently available. Alterations in regulatory mechanisms relating to vascular support, cell death and autophagy are important pathways for tumor growth in cancer. Thus, the present study aimed to access vascular supply, apoptosis, autophagy and cell senescence in ACC of minor salivary glands. Methods We analyzed 25 cases of minor salivary gland ACC by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD34, anti-CD105, anti-D2–40, anti-Bax, anti-Bcl-2, anti-Beclin-1, anti-LC3B, anti-p21 and anti-p16. Results Microvessel density was low and based on anti-CD34, anti-CD105 and anti-D2–40 immunostaining. There was positivity for anti-CD34, anti-Bcl-2, anti-Beclin, anti-LC3B and anti-p21 and a positive correlation between Bcl-2 and Beclin (p = 0.014). Conclusions Our results showed that ACC does not depend on neo-angiogenesis and is probably associated to anti-apoptotic, autophagic and anti-senescence events.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Augusto Vianna Goulart-Filho
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, CEP, Campinas, SP, 13045-610, Brazil
| | - Victor Angelo Martins Montalli
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, CEP, Campinas, SP, 13045-610, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Passador-Santos
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, CEP, Campinas, SP, 13045-610, Brazil
| | - Ney Soares de Araújo
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, CEP, Campinas, SP, 13045-610, Brazil
| | - Vera Cavalcanti de Araújo
- Department of Oral Pathology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, CEP, Campinas, SP, 13045-610, Brazil.
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21
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Abe M, Watanabe K, Shinozaki-Ushiku A, Ushiku T, Abe T, Fujihara Y, Amano Y, Zong L, Wang CP, Kubo E, Inaki R, Kinoshita N, Yamashita S, Takai D, Ushijima T, Nagase T, Hoshi K. Identification of a metastatic lung adenocarcinoma of the palate mucosa through genetic and histopathological analysis: a rare case report and literature review. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:52. [PMID: 30634950 PMCID: PMC6329170 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancers of unknown primary origin (CUPs) are reported to be the 3-4th most common causes of cancer death. Recent years have seen advances in mutational analysis and genomics profiling. These advances could improve accuracy of diagnosis of CUPs and might improve the prognosis of patients with CUPs. Case presentation A 76-year old male with an adenocarcinoma of unknown primary origin in the lung presented with another tumor of the palate mucosa. The tumor cells in the pleural effusion were all negative for immunohistochemical markers (TTF-1 and Napsin A) and lung-specific oncogenic driver alterations (EGFR mutation and ALK translocation). The tumor of the palate mucosa was likewise identified as an adenocarcinoma, and the cells showed cytological similarities with the tumor cells in the pleural effusion; TTF-1, Napsin A, EGFR mutation and ALK translocation were all negative. This result suggested that origins of the tumors of the palate mucosa and in the lung were the same, even though the origin had not yet been determined. Next, we addressed whether the tumor of the palate mucosa was a primary tumor or not. Secretory carcinoma (SC), which is a common type of minor salivary gland tumor (MSGT), was suspected; however, mammaglobin was negative and ETV6-NTRK3 (EN) fusion was not observed. Other MSGTs were excluded based on histological and immunohistochemical findings. Furthermore, an additional examination demonstrated an oncogenic KRAS mutation at codon 12 (p.G12D) in both palate tumor and in pleural effusion. KRAS mutation is known to exist in one-third of lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs), but quite rare in MSGTs. The possibility of metastasis from other organs was considered unlikely from the results of endoscopic and imaging studies. This result indicated that the primary site of the CUP was indeed the lung, and that the tumor of the palate mucosa was a metastasis of the LUAD. Conclusions A tumor of the palate mucosa that showed diagnostic difficulties was determined to be a metastatic LUAD by genomic alterations and histopathological findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5277-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Abe
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. .,Division for Health Service Promotion, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kousuke Watanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Abe
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujihara
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yosuke Amano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Liang Zong
- Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Emi Kubo
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Inaki
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Naoya Kinoshita
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamashita
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiya Takai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ushijima
- Division of Epigenomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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22
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Cao Y, Liu H, Xia SL, Zhang X, Bai H, Yang Q, Li J, Gao L, Jin F, Wei MJ, Lu SL, Xiao J. PTEN downregulates WD repeat‑containing protein 66 in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:1827-1836. [PMID: 30569117 PMCID: PMC6365686 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is one of the most common types of salivary gland cancer that causes substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite the substantial health burden of SACC, the molecular mechanisms underlying its development and progression remain poorly understood. We previously reported the loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression to be common among SACC tumors, and the PTEN deficiency to be correlated with enrichment of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) genes based on expression array analysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate further the functional function of WD repeat-containing protein 66 (WDR66), one of the enriched EMT genes, in the context of PTEN deficiency and SACC pathogenesis. WDR66 was identified to be required to maintain the EMT phenotype and the expression of cancer stem cell genes in the context of PTEN deficiency. Furthermore, knockdown of WDR66 decreased cellular proliferation, migration and invasion. Finally, WDR66 expression was identified to be inversely associated with PTEN expression and negatively correlated with the overall survival of patients with SACC. Collectively, the results of the present study revealed a novel function of WDR66 in mediating the progression of PTEN-deficient SACCs, thereby suggesting WDR66 inhibition to be a potential therapeutic approach towards successful management of SACC disease progression, particularly against tumors with decreased PTEN expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology, China Medical University School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Lin Xia
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Han Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Min-Jie Wei
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology, China Medical University School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Long Lu
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology, China Medical University School of Pharmacy, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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Mantravadi AV, Moore MG, Rassekh CH. AHNS series: Do you know your guidelines? Diagnosis and management of salivary gland tumors. Head Neck 2018; 41:269-280. [PMID: 30548929 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article is the next installment of the series "Do you know your guidelines" presented by the Education Committee of the American Head and Neck Society. Guidelines for the workup and management of tumors of the major and minor salivary glands are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash V Mantravadi
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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24
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Omitola OG, Soyele OO, Butali A, Akinshipo AO, Okoh D, Sigbeku O, Effiom OA, Adebiyi KE, Ladeji AM, Adisa AO, Lawal AO, Osayande O, Braimah RO, Adeola HA. Descriptive epidemiology of salivary gland neoplasms in Nigeria: An AOPRC multicenter tertiary hospital study. Oral Dis 2018; 25:142-149. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olufemi Gbenga Omitola
- Department of Oral Pathology and Biology University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria
| | - Olujide Oladele Soyele
- Department of Oral Maxillo‐facial Surgery and Oral Pathology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile‐Ife Nigeria
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa
| | | | - Dickson Okoh
- Department of Oral Pathology, Federal Medical Centre Asaba, Delta State Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Sigbeku
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Olajumoke Ajibola Effiom
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Biology, College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria
| | - Kehinde Emmanuel Adebiyi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja, Lagos Nigeria
| | - Adeola Mofoluwake Ladeji
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja, Lagos Nigeria
| | | | | | - Osareniye Osayande
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City, Edo Nigeria
| | - Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto Nigeria
| | - Henry Ademola Adeola
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry University of the Western Cape and Tygerberg Hospital Cape Town South Africa
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
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25
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Cao Y, Liu H, Gao L, Lu L, Du L, Bai H, Li J, Said S, Wang XJ, Song J, Serkova N, Wei M, Xiao J, Lu SL. Cooperation Between Pten and Smad4 in Murine Salivary Gland Tumor Formation and Progression. Neoplasia 2018; 20:764-774. [PMID: 29958137 PMCID: PMC6031150 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland tumor (SGT) is a rare tumor type, which exhibits broad-spectrum phenotypic, biological, and clinical heterogeneity. Currently, the molecular mechanisms that cause SGT pathogenesis remain poorly understood. A lack of animal models that faithfully recapitulate the naturally occurring process of human SGTs has hampered research progress on this field. In this report, we developed an inducible keratin 5-driven conditional knockout mouse model to delete gene(s) of interest in murine salivary gland upon local RU486 delivery. We have deleted two major tumor suppressors, Pten, a negative regulator of the PI3K pathway, and Smad4, the central signaling mediator of TGFβ pathway, in the murine salivary gland. Our results have shown that deletion of either Pten or Smad4 in murine salivary gland resulted in pleomorphic adenomas, the most common tumor in human SGT patients. Deletion of both Pten and Smad4 in murine salivary gland developed several malignancies, with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) being the most frequently seen. Molecular characterization showed that SACC exhibited mTOR activation and TGFβ1 overexpression. Examination of human SGT clinical samples revealed that loss of Pten and Smad4 is common in human SACC samples, particularly in the most aggressive solid form, and is correlated with survival of SACC patients, highlighting the human relevance of the murine models. In summary, our results offer significant insight into synergistic role of Pten and Smad4 in SGT, providing a rationale for targeting mTOR and/or TGFβ signaling to control SGT formation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Liwei Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Li Du
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Han Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, 9th People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sherif Said
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - John Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Natalie Serkova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Minjie Wei
- Laboratory of Precision Oncology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, China Medial University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Oral Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shi-Long Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Laboratory of Precision Oncology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China; Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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26
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Jie W, Bai J, Li B. An Extracranial Metastasis of Glioblastoma Mimicking Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma. World Neurosurg 2018; 116:352-356. [PMID: 29852299 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.05.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant tumor of the brain and central nervous system. Extracranial metastases of GBM are rare, with few case reports published to date. The tumor cells of GBM show strong immunopositivity for glial fibrillary acid protein. CASE DESCRIPTION A 47-year-old man without comorbidities presented with a 1-year history of an augmenting right parotid lump. A right total parotidectomy with selective neck dissection was performed. The hematoxylin-eosin-stained slice of a parotid lymph node collected intraoperatively revealed destruction of normal lymph node structure by medium-sized pleomorphic cells scattered in groups; their cytoplasm was lightly stained and pale. There were abundant myxoid stroma in the interstitial tissue. This characteristic mimicked mucoepidermoid carcinoma. An immunohistochemistry test demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for glial fibrillary acid protein. A diagnosis of extracranial metastasis of GBM was made after confirmation with postoperative pathologic examination and the review of the intracranial resection specimen. CONCLUSIONS We believe that this is the first reported case of extracranial metastasis of GBM resembling mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the microscope features. Pathologists and clinicians should be alert to this rare lesion and consider this differential diagnosis after excluding other common parotid lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Jie
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiaying Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Binbin Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
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Abstract
Salivary gland cancers (SGCs), categorized as head and neck cancers (HNCs), constitute about 6% of head and neck cancer diagnoses based on estimate by American Head and Neck Society. Salivary gland tumors originate from different glandular cell types and are thus morphologically diverse. These tumors arise from any of the three major and various minor salivary glands. The incidence of SGCs has slowly increased during the last four decades. The etiology of SGCs is mostly unknown; however, specific gene mutations are associated with certain types of salivary tumors. Treatment options include surgical resection, radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy, and multimodality therapy. HNC patients treated with RT often develop xerostomia and salivary hypofunction due to damaged salivary glands. In this review, we discuss etiology of SGCs, present findings on the role of autophagy in salivary tumorigenesis, review adverse effects of radiation treatment, and examine remedies for restoration of salivary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Helen Lin
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | | | - David K. Ann
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010
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28
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Yi CH, Jim Zhai Q, Wang BY. Updates on Immunohistochemical and Molecular Markers in Selected Head and Neck Diagnostic Problems. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017; 141:1214-1235. [PMID: 28854343 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2016-0245-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT - The head and neck regions have complex anatomic structures. They are not exempted from the rare occurrences of highly unusual, diagnostically challenging malignant neoplasms and mimickers. OBJECTIVE - To review and update the utility of immunohistochemistry and molecular biomarkers and to pursue diagnostic accuracy on selected rare neoplasms, especially some poorly differentiated malignancies. DATA SOURCES - Personal experience and information from the literature. CONCLUSIONS - Head and neck tumors include neoplasms originating from heterogeneous tissue. Using the selected clinical cases, this review illustrates a continuous development of emerging molecular-genetic techniques to assist in the interpretation of uncommon, often poorly differentiated, highly malignant neoplasms. The diagnostic results are appropriately transmitted to the oncologists, radiation oncologists, and surgeons to create a coordinated plan of care for patients with these unusual disorders affecting the head and neck.
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29
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Fujii K, Murase T, Beppu S, Saida K, Takino H, Masaki A, Ijichi K, Kusafuka K, Iida Y, Onitsuka T, Yatabe Y, Hanai N, Hasegawa Y, Inagaki H. MYB,MYBL1,MYBL2andNFIBgene alterations and MYC overexpression in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Histopathology 2017; 71:823-834. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kana Fujii
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Takayuki Murase
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Shintaro Beppu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kosuke Saida
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Hisashi Takino
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Ayako Masaki
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kei Ijichi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - Kimihide Kusafuka
- Pathology Division; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Nagaizumi, Shizuoka Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Iida
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Nagaizumi, Shizuoka Japan
| | - Tetsuro Onitsuka
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Shizuoka Cancer Center; Nagaizumi, Shizuoka Japan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Aichi Cancer Center Hospital; Nagoya Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hanai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Aichi Cancer Center Hospital; Nagoya Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Hasegawa
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Aichi Cancer Center Hospital; Nagoya Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inagaki
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
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30
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Shirai K, Koto M, Demizu Y, Suefuji H, Ohno T, Tsuji H, Okimoto T, Shioyama Y, Saitoh JI, Nemoto K, Nakano T, Kamada T. Multi-institutional retrospective study of mucoepidermoid carcinoma treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1447-1451. [PMID: 28474791 PMCID: PMC5497800 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with mucoepidermoid carcinomas in the head and neck treated with carbon‐ion radiotherapy. Data from 26 patients who underwent carbon‐ion radiotherapy in four facilities were analyzed in this multi‐institutional retrospective study: the Japan Carbon‐ion Radiation Oncology Study Group. The median follow‐up time was 34 months. One patient experienced local recurrence, and the 3‐year local control rate was 95%. One patient developed lymph node recurrence and five developed distant metastases. The 3‐year progression‐free survival rate was 73%. Five patients died, two of mucoepidermoid carcinoma and three of intercurrent disease. The 3‐year overall survival rate was 89%. Acute mucositis and dermatitis of grade 3 or higher were experienced by 19% and 8% of patients, respectively; these improved with conservative therapy. Late mucositis and osteonecrosis of jaw were observed in 12% and 23% of patients, respectively. The 3‐year cumulative rate of any late adverse event of grade 3 or higher was 14%. None of the patients died of the acute or late adverse events. Carbon‐ion radiotherapy was efficacious and safe for treating mucoepidermoid carcinoma in this multi‐institutional retrospective study (registration no. UMIN000024473). We are currently undertaking a prospective multicenter study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masashi Koto
- Hospital of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Demizu
- Department of Radiology, Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Tatsuno, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Ohno
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- Hospital of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okimoto
- Department of Radiology, Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Tatsuno, Japan
| | | | | | - Kenji Nemoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kamada
- Hospital of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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31
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Wagner VP, Martins MD, Guimaraes DM, Vasconcelos AC, Meurer L, Vargas PA, Fonseca FP, Squarize CH, Castilho RM. Reduced chromatin acetylation of malignant salivary gland tumors correlates with enhanced proliferation. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:792-797. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Petersen Wagner
- Department of Oral Pathology; School of Dentistry; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Department of Experimental Pathology; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology; School of Dentistry; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Department of Experimental Pathology; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Douglas Magno Guimaraes
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Artur Cunha Vasconcelos
- Department of Oral Pathology; School of Dentistry; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Department of Experimental Pathology; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Luise Meurer
- Department of Experimental Pathology; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Department of Oral Medicine; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA/UFRGS); Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul RS Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis; Piracicaba Dental School; University of Campinas; Piracicaba São Paulo Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Clinics, Pathology and Surgery; Dental School; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Cristiane Helena Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Rogerio Moraes Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology; Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry; Ann Arbor MI USA
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32
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Inaki R, Abe M, Zong L, Abe T, Shinozaki-Ushiku A, Ushiku T, Hoshi K. Secretory carcinoma - impact of translocation and gene fusions on salivary gland tumor. Chin J Cancer Res 2017; 29:379-384. [PMID: 29142456 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2017.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretory carcinoma (SC), previously described as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC), is a recently described salivary gland tumor which morphologically resembles mammary secretory carcinoma. The first description of SC/MASC, reported by Skálová et al. in 2010, was as a rare salivary carcinoma imitating secretory carcinoma of the breast. SC/MASC is a unique salivary gland tumor with morphological overlap with acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), and adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (ADC-NOS). SC/MASC shares similar clinicopathological features with AciCC. As a critical difference between SC/MASC and AciCC, SC/MASC characteristically has the chromosomal translocation t(12;15)(p13;q25) which leads to a fusion gene between the ETV6 gene on chromosome 12 and the NTRK3 gene on chromosome 15. This genetic background is an important differential diagnostic finding for excluding other salivary gland tumors and may be a critical factor determining the prognosis for patients with SC/MASC. Research in recent years has provided a large body of new data on SC/MASC and suggests the possibility that the ETV6-NTRK3 translocation could be a therapeutic target. Here, we review the morphological and clinicopathological features of SC/MASC and discuss new directions for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Inaki
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masanobu Abe
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Division for Health Service Promotion, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-003, Japan
| | - Liang Zong
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Division for Health Service Promotion, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-003, Japan
| | - Takahiro Abe
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Kazuto Hoshi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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33
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Thorpe LM, Schrock AB, Erlich RL, Miller VA, Knost J, Le-Lindqwister N, Jujjavarapu S, Ali SM, Liu JJ. Significant and durable clinical benefit from trastuzumab in 2 patients with HER2-amplified salivary gland cancer and a review of the literature. Head Neck 2016; 39:E40-E44. [PMID: 28006087 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary ductal carcinoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA) are aggressive salivary gland cancers with poor prognosis. The standard of care is resection with or without radiotherapy, and there are no established systemic therapy options. METHODS We describe 1 patient with metastatic CEPA and 1 patient with metastatic recurrent salivary duct carcinoma whose tumors were evaluated by comprehensive genomic profiling. Testing identified human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification in both patients, and an additional activating HER2 mutation in the CEPA case. RESULTS Both patients were treated with the HER2-targeting monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (herceptin) plus chemotherapy and experienced rapid responses. Subsequently, both patients were given single-agent maintenance trastuzumab and continue to experience durable disease control. CONCLUSION Given the poor prognosis for salivary gland cancers and the limited treatment options upon recurrence or metastasis, patients should be tested for all classes of HER2 alterations. In cases with HER2 overexpression or activation, targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab are promising. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: E40-E44, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Siraj M Ali
- Foundation Medicine Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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34
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Escalante DA, Wang H, Fundakowski CE. Fusion proteins in head and neck neoplasms: Clinical implications, genetics, and future directions for targeting. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:995-1002. [PMID: 27636353 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1219823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusion proteins resulting from chromosomal rearrangements are known to drive the pathogenesis of a variety of hematological and solid neoplasms such as chronic myeloid leukemia and non-small-cell lung cancer. Efforts to elucidate the role they play in these malignancies have led to important diagnostic and therapeutic triumphs, including the famous development of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib targeting the BCR-ABL fusion. Until recently, there has been a paucity of research investigating fusion proteins harbored by head and neck neoplasms. The discovery and characterization of novel fusion proteins in neoplasms originating from the thyroid, nasopharynx, salivary glands, and midline head and neck structures offer substantial contributions to our understanding of the pathogenesis and biological behavior of these neoplasms, while raising new therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities. Further characterization of these fusion proteins promises to facilitate advances on par with those already achieved with regard to hematologic malignancies in the precise, molecularly guided diagnosis and treatment of head and neck neoplasms. The following is a subsite specific review of the clinical implications of fusion proteins in head and neck neoplasms and the future potential for diagnostic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A Escalante
- a Temple University Katz School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - He Wang
- a Temple University Katz School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,b Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Christopher E Fundakowski
- a Temple University Katz School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,c Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,d Department of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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