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An H, Qin J, Fan H, Fan F, Tan S, Wang Z, Shi J, Yang F, Tan Y, Huang XF. Decreased serum NCAM is positively correlated with hippocampal volumes and negatively correlated with positive symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia patients. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 131:108-113. [PMID: 32950707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays an important role in neurodevelopmental processes and regulates hippocampal plasticity. This study investigated the relationship between the serum NCAM concentrations and hippocampal volume and psychotic symptoms in first-episode drug naïve schizophrenia (FES) patients. METHODS Forty-four FES patients and forty-four healthy controls (HC) were recruited in this study. Serum concentrations of NCAM were measured by ELISA. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). Brain structural images were obtained using a 3T MRI Scanner and obtained T1 images were processed in order to determine hippocampal grey matter volumes. RESULTS Schizophrenia patients revealed significantly decreased serum NCAM concentrations (p = 0.017), which were positively correlated with the left (r = 0.523, p < 0.001) and right (r = 0.449, p = 0.041) hippocampal volumes, but negatively correlated with the PANSS positive symptom scores (r = -0.522 p = 0.001). However, no such correlations existed in the HC group. CONCLUSIONS This is the first time to report that decreased serum NCAM concentrations were associated with hippocampal volumes and symptom severity in FES patients. Our data indicate that the low NCAM is possible neuropathology that is associated with the decreased hippocampus in FES patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei An
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Radiology Department, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongzhen Fan
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuping Tan
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fude Yang
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xu-Feng Huang
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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2
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Turbpaiboon C, Siripan W, Nimnoi P, Sreekanth GP, Wiriyarat W, Tassaneetrithep B, Chompoopong S. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and polysialic acid–NCAM expression in developing ICR mice. ASIAN BIOMED 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2019-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coexpression of polysialic acid (PSA)–neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) with immature neuronal markers is used to indicate the developmental state of neurons generated in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of adult hippocampus. PSA–NCAM is highly expressed throughout the embryonic and juvenile mammalian brain, but heavily downregulated in adult brain.
Objective
To visualize the expression profiles of NCAM/PSA–NCAM in the dentate SGZ of the hippocampus in developing ICR mice.
Methods
Cellular distribution, expression, and developmental changes of NCAM/PSA–NCAM were studied in ICR mice at embryonic age 17 days (E17); and similarly at postnatal ages P3, P5, and P7. The SGZ was studied using NCAM and PSA–NCAM immunoreactive staining with or without hematoxylin counterstaining. Western blotting was used to confirm protein expression levels.
Results
NCAM expression was localized to the surface of neurons and glia and was higher in postnatal mice than it was in embryonic mice. PSA–NCAM was found in cytoplasm and membrane of neural cells, more densely staining in the dentate SGZ at P7, but no staining found at E17. Western blotting of brain tissues also showed expression of both PSA–NCAM and NCAM increased significantly at P5 and P7 compared with expression at P3.
Conclusions
Progressive increase in NCAM expression occurs in the SGZ during embryogenic and postnatal development. PSA–NCAM was not expressed in embryonic ICR mice, but was increased after birth and highly localized in the SGZ at P7. This NCAM expression pattern in the developing brain indicating structural plasticity and neurogenesis may be useful for study of brain repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chairat Turbpaiboon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Wongsakorn Siripan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Pornkanok Nimnoi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Gopinathan Pillai Sreekanth
- Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Witthawat Wiriyarat
- Department of Pre-clinical and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Boonrat Tassaneetrithep
- Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Supin Chompoopong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok 10700 , Bangkok , Thailand
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3
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Fuller HR, Gillingwater TH, Wishart TM. Commonality amid diversity: Multi-study proteomic identification of conserved disease mechanisms in spinal muscular atrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2016; 26:560-9. [PMID: 27460344 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The neuromuscular disease spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a leading genetic cause of infant mortality, resulting from low levels of full-length survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Despite having a good understanding of the underlying genetics of SMA, the molecular pathways downstream of SMN that regulate disease pathogenesis remain unclear. The identification of molecular perturbations downstream of SMN is required in order to fully understand the fundamental biological role(s) for SMN in cells and tissues of the body, as well as to develop a range of therapeutic targets for developing novel treatments for SMA. Recent developments in proteomic screening technologies have facilitated proteome-wide investigations of a range of SMA models and tissues, generating novel insights into disease mechanisms by highlighting conserved changes in a range of molecular pathways. Comparative analysis of distinct proteomic datasets reveals conserved changes in pathways converging on GAP43, GAPDH, NCAM, UBA1, LMNA, ANXA2 and COL6A3. Proteomic studies therefore represent a leading tool with which to dissect the molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in SMA, serving to identify potentially attractive targets for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi R Fuller
- Wolfson Centre for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease, RJAH Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry SY10 7AG, UK; Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Thomas H Gillingwater
- Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, UK; Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas M Wishart
- Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, UK; Division of Neurobiology, The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK.
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4
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Saini V, Loers G, Kaur G, Schachner M, Jakovcevski I. Impact of neural cell adhesion molecule deletion on regeneration after mouse spinal cord injury. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:1734-46. [PMID: 27178448 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) plays important functional roles in development of the nervous system. We investigated the influence of a constitutive ablation of NCAM on the outcome of spinal cord injury. Transgenic mice lacking NCAM (NCAM-/-) were subjected to severe compression injury of the lower thoracic spinal cord using wild-type (NCAM+/+) littermates as controls. According to the single-frame motion analysis, the NCAM-/- mice showed reduced locomotor recovery in comparison to control mice at 3 and 6 weeks after injury, indicating an overall positive impact of NCAM on recovery after injury. Also the Basso Mouse Scale score was lower in NCAM-/- mice at 3 weeks after injury, whereas at 6 weeks after injury the difference between genotypes was not statistically significant. Worse locomotor function was associated with decreased monoaminergic and cholinergic innervation of the spinal cord caudal to the injury site and decreased axonal regrowth/sprouting at the site of injury. Astrocytic scar formation at the injury site, as assessed by immunohistology for glial fibrillary acidic protein at and around the lesion site was increased in NCAM-/- compared with NCAM+/+ mice. Migration of cultured monolayer astrocytes from NCAM-/- mice was reduced as assayed by scratch wounding. Numbers of Iba-1 immunopositive microglia were not different between genotypes. We conclude that constitutive NCAM deletion in young adult mice reduces recovery after spinal cord injury, validating the hypothesized beneficial role of this molecule in recovery after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedangana Saini
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätskrankenhaus Hamburg-Eppendorf, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, India
| | - Gabriele Loers
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätskrankenhaus Hamburg-Eppendorf, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gurcharan Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Punjab, India
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätskrankenhaus Hamburg-Eppendorf, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, 515041, China
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Igor Jakovcevski
- Institute for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, University Hospital Cologne, Köln, Germany
- Experimental Neurophysiology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, D-53175, Bonn, Germany
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5
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Schmalbach B, Lepsveridze E, Djogo N, Papashvili G, Kuang F, Leshchyns'ka I, Sytnyk V, Nikonenko AG, Dityatev A, Jakovcevski I, Schachner M. Age-dependent loss of parvalbumin-expressing hippocampal interneurons in mice deficient in CHL1, a mental retardation and schizophrenia susceptibility gene. J Neurochem 2015; 135:830-44. [PMID: 26285062 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In humans, deletions/mutations in the CHL1/CALL gene are associated with mental retardation and schizophrenia. Juvenile CHL1-deficient (CHL1(-/-) ) mice have been shown to display abnormally high numbers of parvalbumin-expressing (PV(+) ) hippocampal interneurons and, as adults, display behavioral traits observed in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we addressed the question whether inhibitory interneurons and synaptic plasticity in the CHL1(-/-) mouse are affected during brain maturation and in adulthood. We found that hippocampal, but not neocortical, PV(+) interneurons were reduced with age in CHL1(-/-) mice, from a surplus of +27% at 1 month to a deficit of -20% in adulthood compared with wild-type littermates. This loss occurred during brain maturation, correlating with microgliosis and enhanced interleukin-6 expression. In parallel with the loss of PV(+) interneurons, the inhibitory input to adult CA1 pyramidal cells was reduced and a deficit in short- and long-term potentiation developed at CA3-CA1 excitatory synapses between 2 and 9 months of age in CHL1(-/-) mice. This deficit could be abrogated by a GABAA receptor agonist. We propose that region-specific aberrant GABAergic synaptic connectivity resulting from the mutation and a subsequently enhanced synaptic elimination during brain maturation lead to microgliosis, increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, loss of interneurons, and impaired synaptic plasticity. Close homolog of L1-deficient (CHL1(-/-) ) mice have abnormally high numbers of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing hippocampal interneurons in juvenile animals, but in adult animals a loss of these cells is observed. This loss correlates with an increased density of microglia (M), enhanced interleukin-6 (IL6) production and a deficit in short- and long-term potentiation at CA3-CA1 excitatory synapses. Furthermore, adult CHL1(-/-) mice display behavioral traits similar to those observed in neuropsychiatric disorders of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schmalbach
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eka Lepsveridze
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nevena Djogo
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giorgi Papashvili
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fang Kuang
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iryna Leshchyns'ka
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vladimir Sytnyk
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander G Nikonenko
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cytology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Igor Jakovcevski
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Experimental Neurophysiology, University Hospital Cologne, Köln, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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6
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Podestá MF, Yam P, Codagnone MG, Uccelli NA, Colman D, Reinés A. Distinctive PSA-NCAM and NCAM hallmarks in glutamate-induced dendritic atrophy and synaptic disassembly. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108921. [PMID: 25279838 PMCID: PMC4184824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic and synapse remodeling are forms of structural plasticity that play a critical role in normal hippocampal function. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and its polysialylated form (PSA-NCAM) participate in neurite outgrowth and synapse formation and plasticity. However, it remains unclear whether they contribute to dendritic retraction and synaptic disassembly. Cultured hippocampal neurons exposed to glutamate (5 µM) showed a reduced MAP-2 (+) area in the absence of neuronal death 24 h after the insult. Concomitantly, synapse loss, revealed by decreased synaptophysin and post-synaptic density-95 cluster number and area, together with changes in NCAM and PSA-NCAM levels were found. Dendritic atrophy and PSA-NCAM reduction proved NMDA-receptor dependent. Live-imaging experiments evidenced dendritic atrophy 4 h after the insult; this effect was preceded by smaller NCAM clusters (1 h) and decreased surface and total PSA-NCAM levels (3 h). Simultaneously, total NCAM cluster number and area remained unchanged. The subsequent synapse disassembly (6 h) was accompanied by reductions in total NCAM cluster number and area. A PSA mimetic peptide prevented both the dendritic atrophy and the subsequent synaptic changes (6 h) but had no effect on the earliest synaptic remodeling (3 h). Thus, NCAM-synaptic reorganization and PSA-NCAM level decrease precede glutamate-induced dendritic atrophy, whereas the NCAM level reduction is a delayed event related to synapse loss. Consequently, distinctive stages in PSA-NCAM/NCAM balance seem to accompany glutamate-induced dendritic atrophy and synapse loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Podestá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Yam
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Martín Gabriel Codagnone
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nonthué Alejandra Uccelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Colman
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Analía Reinés
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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7
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Hundeshagen G, Szameit K, Thieme H, Finkensieper M, Angelov D, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A. Deficient functional recovery after facial nerve crush in rats is associated with restricted rearrangements of synaptic terminals in the facial nucleus. Neuroscience 2013; 248:307-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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8
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Raslan A, Ernst P, Werle M, Thieme H, Szameit K, Finkensieper M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A. Reduced cholinergic and glutamatergic synaptic input to regenerated motoneurons after facial nerve repair in rats: potential implications for recovery of motor function. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 219:891-909. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-013-0542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Bisaz R, Boadas-Vaello P, Genoux D, Sandi C. Age-related cognitive impairments in mice with a conditional ablation of the neural cell adhesion molecule. Learn Mem 2013; 20:183-93. [PMID: 23504516 DOI: 10.1101/lm.030064.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Most of the mechanisms involved in neural plasticity support cognition, and aging has a considerable effect on some of these processes. The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) of the immunoglobulin superfamily plays a pivotal role in structural and functional plasticity and is required to modulate cognitive and emotional behaviors. However, whether aging is associated with NCAM alterations that might contribute to age-related cognitive decline is not currently known. In this study, we determined whether conditional NCAM-deficient mice display increased vulnerability to age-related cognitive and emotional alterations. We assessed the NCAM expression levels in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and characterized the performance of adult and aged conditional NCAM-deficient mice and their age-matched wild-type littermates in a delayed matching-to-place test in the Morris water maze and a delayed reinforced alternation test in the T-maze. Although aging in wild-type mice is associated with an isoform-specific reduction of NCAM expression levels in the hippocampus and mPFC, these mice exhibited only mild impairments in working/episodic-like memory performance. However, aged conditional NCAM-deficient mice displayed pronounced impairments in both the delayed matching-to-place and the delayed reinforced alternation tests. Importantly, the deficits of aged NCAM-deficient mice in these working/episodic-like memory tasks could not be attributed to increased anxiety-like behaviors or to differences in locomotor activity. Taken together, these data indicate that reduced NCAM expression in the forebrain might be a critical factor for the occurrence of cognitive impairments during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto Bisaz
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Restoration of synaptic plasticity and learning in young and aged NCAM-deficient mice by enhancing neurotransmission mediated by GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors. J Neurosci 2012; 32:2263-75. [PMID: 22396402 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5103-11.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is the predominant carrier of the unusual glycan polysialic acid (PSA). Deficits in PSA and/or NCAM expression cause impairments in hippocampal long-term potentiation and depression (LTP and LTD) and are associated with schizophrenia and aging. In this study, we show that impaired LTP in adult NCAM-deficient (NCAM(-/-)) mice is restored by increasing the activity of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor (GluN) through either reducing the extracellular Mg2+ concentration or applying d-cycloserine (DCS), a partial agonist of the GluN glycine binding site. Pharmacological inhibition of the GluN2A subtype reduced LTP to the same level in NCAM(-/-) and wild-type (NCAM(+/+)) littermate mice and abolished the rescue by DCS in NCAM(-/-) mice, suggesting that the effects of DCS are mainly mediated by GluN2A. The insufficient contribution of GluN to LTD in NCAM(-/-) mice was also compensated for by DCS. Furthermore, impaired contextual and cued fear conditioning levels were restored in NCAM(-/-) mice by administration of DCS before conditioning. In 12-month-old NCAM(-/-), but not NCAM(+/+) mice, there was a decline in LTP compared with 3-month-old mice that could be rescued by DCS. In 24-month-old mice of both genotypes, there was a reduction in LTP that could be fully restored by DCS in NCAM(+/+) mice but only partially restored in NCAM(-/-) mice. Thus, several deficiencies of NCAM(-/-) mice can be ameliorated by enhancing GluN2A-mediated neurotransmission with DCS.
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11
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Cui X, Weng Y, Frappé I, Burgess A, Girão da Cruz MT, Schachner M, Aubert I. The cell adhesion molecule L1 regulates the expression of choline acetyltransferase and the development of septal cholinergic neurons. Brain Behav 2011; 1:73-86. [PMID: 22399087 PMCID: PMC3236547 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the L1 gene cause severe brain malformations and mental retardation. We investigated the potential roles of L1 in the regulation of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and in the development of septal cholinergic neurons, which are known to project to the hippocampus and play key roles in cognitive functions. Using stereological approaches, we detected significantly fewer ChAT-positive cholinergic neurons in the medial septum and vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca (MS/VDB) of 2-week-old L1-deficient mice compared to wild-type littermates (1644 ± 137 vs. 2051 ± 165, P = 0.038). ChAT protein levels in the septum were 53% lower in 2-week-old L1-deficient mice compared to wild-type littermates. ChAT activity in the septum was significantly reduced in L1-deficient mice compared to wild-type littermates at 1 (34%) and 2 (40%) weeks of age. In vitro, increasing doses of L1-Fc induced ChAT activity in septal neurons with a significant linear trend (*P = 0.0065). At 4 weeks of age in the septum and at all time points investigated in the caudate-putamen (CPu), the number of ChAT-positive neurons and the levels of ChAT activity were not statistically different between L1-deficient mice and wild-type littermates. The total number of cells positive for the neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) in the MS/VDB and CPu was not statistically different in L1-deficient mice compared to wild-type littermates, and comparable expression of the cell cycle marker Ki67 was observed. Our results indicate that L1 is required for the timely maturation of septal cholinergic neurons and that L1 promotes the expression and activity of ChAT in septal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Cui
- Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Ying‐Qi Weng
- Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Isabelle Frappé
- Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Alison Burgess
- Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Zentrum fuer Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitaetskrankenhaus Hamburg‐Eppendorf, Hamburg, 20246, Germany
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Isabelle Aubert
- Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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