1
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Jensen S, Løge IA, Bendix J, Diekhöner L. An approach for patterned molecular adsorption on ferromagnets, achieved via Moiré superstructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13710-13718. [PMID: 38669006 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00809j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
We have used a scanning tunneling microscope operated under ultrahigh vacuum conditions to investigate an oxo-vanadium-salen complex V(O)salen, that has potential applications as qubits in future quantum-based technologies. The adsorption and self-assembly of V(O)salen on a range of single crystal metal surfaces and nanoislands and the influence of substrate morphology and reactivity has been measured. On the close-packed flat Ag(111) and Cu(111) surfaces, the molecules adsorb isolated or form small clusters arranged randomly on the surface, whereas structured adsorption occurs on two types of Co nanoislands; Co grown on Ag(111) and Ag capped Co islands grown on Cu(111), both forming a Moiré pattern at the surface. The adsorption configuration can by scanning tunneling spectroscopy be linked to the geometric and electronic properties of the substrates and traced back to a Co d-related surface state, illustrating how the modulated reactivity can be used to engineer a pattern of adsorbed molecules on the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigmund Jensen
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4a, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Isaac Appelquist Løge
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4a, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Bendix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Diekhöner
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Skjernvej 4a, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
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2
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Liu D, Di B, Peng Z, Yin C, Zhu H, Wen X, Chen Q, Zhu J, Wu K. Surface-mediated ordering of pristine Salen molecules on coinage metals. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00874e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conformational isomers of Salen molecules and their self-assembled structures on coinage metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Bin Di
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Zhantao Peng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Cen Yin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Hao Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Xiaojie Wen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Qiwei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- China
| | - Kai Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
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3
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De Luca O, Caruso T, Turano M, Ionescu A, Godbert N, Aiello I, Ghedini M, Formoso V, Agostino RG. Adsorption of Nile Red Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14761-14768. [PMID: 31657218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability of Nile Red to self-assemble into supramolecular packings on Au(111) was studied using scanning tunneling microscopy and modeled through theoretical semiempirical calculations. At both submonolayer (sub-ML) and ML coverages, two distinct molecular packings, that is, four-leaf clover and dense chain, were observed, both weakly interacting with the underlying metal surface. Theoretical calculations suggested that the dipole moment plays a subtle role in both molecular assemblies, held together by hydrogen bonds between the Nile Red molecules. Furthermore, although both molecular assemblies were observed in as-deposited samples, a mild thermal annealing caused the transition from the four-leaf clover to the dense-chain packing, pointing out the greater stability of the dense-chain configuration. The study further emphasized how the established interactions between the Nile Red molecules are strongly influenced by the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oreste De Luca
- Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Tommaso Caruso
- Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale Interuniversitario Scienze Fisiche della Materia (C.N.I.S.M) , Via della Vasca Navale, 84 , 00146 Roma , Italy
| | - Marco Turano
- Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Andreea Ionescu
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- MAT_INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- MAT_INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Iolinda Aiello
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- MAT_INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Mauro Ghedini
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- MAT_INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici), Centro di Eccellenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
| | - Vincenzo Formoso
- Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale Interuniversitario Scienze Fisiche della Materia (C.N.I.S.M) , Via della Vasca Navale, 84 , 00146 Roma , Italy
| | - Raffaele Giuseppe Agostino
- Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- CNR-Nanotec, UoS di Cosenza, Dipartimento di Fisica , Università della Calabria , 87036 Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale Interuniversitario Scienze Fisiche della Materia (C.N.I.S.M) , Via della Vasca Navale, 84 , 00146 Roma , Italy
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4
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Mengozzi L, El Garah M, Gualandi A, Iurlo M, Fiorani A, Ciesielski A, Marcaccio M, Paolucci F, Samorì P, Cozzi PG. Phenoxyaluminum(salophen) Scaffolds: Synthesis, Electrochemical Properties, and Self-Assembly at Surfaces of Multifunctional Systems. Chemistry 2018; 24:11954-11960. [PMID: 29603481 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Salophens and Salens are Schiff bases generated through the condensation of two equivalents of salicylaldehyde with either 1,2-phenylenediamines or aliphatic diamines, respectively. Both ligands have been extensively exploited as key building blocks in coordination chemistry and catalysis. In particular, their metal complexes have been widely used for various catalytical transformations with high yield and selectivity. Through the modification of the phenol unit it is possible to tune the steric hindrance and electronic properties of Salophen and Salen. The introduction of long aliphatic chains in salicylaldehydes can be used to promote their self-assembly into ordered supramolecular structures on solid surfaces. Herein, we report a novel method towards the facile synthesis of robust and air-stable [Al(Salophen)] derivatives capable of undergoing spontaneous self-assembly at the graphite/solution interface forming highly-ordered nanopatterns. The new synthetic approach relies on the use of [MeAlIII (Salophen)] as a building unit to introduce, via a simple acid/base reaction with functionalized acidic phenol derivatives, selected frameworks integrating multiple functions for efficient surface decoration. STM imaging at the solid/liquid interface made it possible to monitor the formation of ordered supramolecular structures. In addition, the redox properties of the Salophen derivatives functionalized with ferrocene units in solution and on surface were unraveled by cyclic voltammetry. The use of a five-coordinate aluminum alkyl Salophen precursor enables the tailoring of new Salophen molecules capable of undergoing controlled self-assembly on HOPG, and thereby it can be exploited to introduce multiple functionalities with subnanometer precision at surfaces, ultimately forming ordered functional patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mengozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mohamed El Garah
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 700, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andrea Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Iurlo
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorani
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 700, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Massimo Marcaccio
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 700, 8 alleé Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pier Giorgio Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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5
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Bugenhagen BEC, Prosenc MH. Direct C-C coupling of two Ni-salphen complexes to yield dinickel-disalphen complexes with symmetric and non-symmetric substitution-patterns. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:7460-8. [PMID: 27040080 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04612b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of symmetric and non-symmetric 5,5'-linked disalophen Ni(ii) complexes by the Suzuki-Miyaura-reaction is reported. Also, the synthesis and structural characterization of four Ni(ii)-precursor complexes are presented. The 5-Br-substituted mononuclear complexes and are coupled to the pinacolborane substituted complexes and yielding the four dinuclear dinickel complexes in good yields. The crystal structure of dinuclear complex was obtained revealing a coplanar arrangement between the two salophen fragments. Electronic spectra as well as DFT-calculations on the ground states and excitation energies are reported and they reveal a small coupling between the electronically saturated Ni-salophen complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E C Bugenhagen
- Institute for Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M H Prosenc
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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6
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Bazarnik M, Bugenhagen B, Elsebach M, Sierda E, Frank A, Prosenc MH, Wiesendanger R. Toward Tailored All-Spin Molecular Devices. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:577-582. [PMID: 26704349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular based spintronic devices offer great potential for future energy-efficient information technology as they combine ultimately small size, high-speed operation, and low-power consumption. Recent developments in combining atom-by-atom assembly with spin-sensitive imaging and characterization at the atomic level have led to a first prototype of an all-spin atomic-scale logic device, but the very low working temperature limits its application. Here, we show that a more stable spintronic device could be achieved using tailored Co-Salophene based molecular building blocks, combined with in situ electrospray deposition under ultrahigh vacuum conditions as well as control of the surface-confined molecular assembly at the nanometer scale. In particular, we describe the tools to build a molecular, strongly bonded device structure from paramagnetic molecular building blocks including spin-wires, gates, and tails. Such molecular device concepts offer the advantage of inherent parallel fabrication based on molecular self-assembly as well as an order of magnitude higher operation temperatures due to enhanced energy scales of covalent through-bond linkage of basic molecular units compared to substrate-mediated coupling schemes employing indirect exchange coupling between individual adsorbed magnetic atoms on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Bazarnik
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg , Jungiusstrasse 11, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Poznan University of Technology , Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bernhard Bugenhagen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Micha Elsebach
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg , Jungiusstrasse 11, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emil Sierda
- Institute of Physics, Poznan University of Technology , Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Annika Frank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc H Prosenc
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Kaiserslautern , Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Roland Wiesendanger
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg , Jungiusstrasse 11, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Kunkel DA, Hooper J, Simpson S, Miller DP, Routaboul L, Braunstein P, Doudin B, Beniwal S, Dowben P, Skomski R, Zurek E, Enders A. Self-assembly of strongly dipolar molecules on metal surfaces. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:101921. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4907943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donna A. Kunkel
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - James Hooper
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Scott Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, 331 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
- School of Science, Penn State Erie, The Behrend College, 28 Hammermill, Erie, Pennsylvania 16563, USA
| | - Daniel P. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, 331 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Lucie Routaboul
- Lab de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Lab de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Doudin
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Mateŕiaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS UMR 7504 CNRS) and Lab of Nanostructures in Interactions with their Environment (NIE), Université de Strasbourg, 23 Rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sumit Beniwal
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Peter Dowben
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Ralph Skomski
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, 331 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Axel Enders
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
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8
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Bugenhagen BEC, Brinn L, Prosenc MH. Syntheses, Structures, and Properties of Substituted Co(C5Me5)(2,7-di(OCH3)fluorenido Co(II) and Co(III) Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500928w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Brinn
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc H. Prosenc
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse
52, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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9
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Viciano-Chumillas M, Li D, Smogunov A, Latil S, Dappe YJ, Barreteau C, Mallah T, Silly F. Tailoring the structure of two-dimensional self-assembled nanoarchitectures based on ni(ii) -salen building blocks. Chemistry 2014; 20:13566-75. [PMID: 25225027 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of Ni(II) -salen-based complexes with the general formula of [Ni(H2 L)] (H4 L=R(2) -N,N'-bis[R(1) -5-(4'-benzoic acid)salicylidene]; H4 L1: R(2) =2,3-diamino-2,3-dimethylbutane and R(1) =H; H4 L2: R(2) =1,2-diaminoethane and R(1) =tert-butyl and H4 L3: R(2) =1,2-diaminobenzene and R(1) =tert-butyl) is presented. Their electronic structure and self-assembly was studied. The organic ligands of the salen complexes are functionalized with peripheral carboxylic groups for driving molecular self-assembly through hydrogen bonding. In addition, other substituents, that is, tert-butyl and diamine bridges (2,3-diamino-2,3-dimethylbutane, 1,2-diaminobenzene or 1,2-diaminoethane), were used to tune the two-dimensional (2D) packing of these building blocks. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the spatial distribution of the LUMOs is affected by these substituents, in contrast with the HOMOs, which remain unchanged. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) shows that the three complexes self-assemble into three different 2D nanoarchitectures at the solid-liquid interface on graphite. Two structures are porous and one is close-packed. These structures are stabilized by hydrogen bonds in one dimension, while the 2D interaction is governed by van der Waals forces and is tuned by the nature of the substituents, as confirmed by theoretical calculations. As expected, the total dipolar moment is minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Viciano-Chumillas
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Materials of Orsay, University of Paris Sud 11, 91405 Orsay (France)
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10
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Jacob H, Kathirvel K, Petersen F, Strunskus T, Bannwarth A, Meyer S, Tuczek F. Grafting of functionalized [Fe(III)(salten)] complexes to Au(111) surfaces via thiolate groups: surface spectroscopic characterization and comparison of different linker designs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:8534-8543. [PMID: 23751117 DOI: 10.1021/la400663y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Functionalization of surfaces with spin crossover complexes is an intensively studied topic. Starting from dinuclear iron(III)-salten complexes [Fe(salten)(pyS)]2(BPh4)2 and [Fe(thiotolylsalten)(NCS)]2 with disulfide-containing bridging ligands, corresponding mononuclear complexes [Fe(salten)(pyS)](+) and [Fe(thiotolylsalten)(NCS)] are covalently attached to Au(111) surfaces (pySH, pyridinethiol; salten, bis(3-salicylidene-aminopropyl)amine). The adsorbed monolayers are investigated by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) in combination with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS). Comparison of the surface vibrational spectra with bulk data allows us to draw conclusions with respect to the geometry of the adsorbed complexes. An anomaly is observed in the spectra of the surface-adsorbed monolayer of [Fe(salten)(pyS)](+), which suggests that the salten ligand is partially decoordinated from the Fe(III) center and one of its phenolate arms binds to the Au(111) surface. For complex [Fe(thiotolylsalten)(NCS)] that is bound to the Au(111) surface via a thiolate-functionalized salten ligand, this anomaly is not observed, which indicates that the coordination sphere of the complex in the bulk is retained on the surface. The implications of these results with respect to the preparation of surface-adsorbed monolayers of functional transition-metal complexes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Jacob
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Max-Eyth-Strasse 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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11
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Schramm A, Stroh C, Dössel K, Lukas M, Fischer M, Schramm F, Fuhr O, Löhneysen HV, Mayor M. Tripodal MIIIComplexes on Au(111) Surfaces: Towards Molecular “Lunar Modules”. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Dilullo A, Chang SH, Baadji N, Clark K, Klöckner JP, Prosenc MH, Sanvito S, Wiesendanger R, Hoffmann G, Hla SW. Molecular Kondo chain. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:3174-9. [PMID: 22563893 DOI: 10.1021/nl301149d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An important development in recent synthesis strategies is the formation of electronically coupled one and two-dimensional organic systems for potential applications in nanoscale molecule-based devices. Here, we assemble one-dimensional spin chains by covalently linking basic molecular building blocks on a Au(111) surface. Their structural properties are studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and the Kondo effect of the basic molecular blocks inside the chains is probed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Tunneling spectroscopic images reveal the existence of separate Kondo regions within the chains while density functional theory calculations unveil antiferromagnetic coupling between the spin centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dilullo
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Kunkel DA, Simpson S, Nitz J, Rojas GA, Zurek E, Routaboul L, Doudin B, Braunstein P, Dowben PA, Enders A. Dipole driven bonding schemes of quinonoid zwitterions on surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7143-5. [PMID: 22692103 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc32462h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The permanent dipole of quinonoid zwitterions changes significantly when the molecules adsorb on Ag(111) and Cu(111) surfaces. STM reveals that sub-monolayers of adsorbed molecules can exhibit parallel dipole alignment on Ag(111), in strong contrast with the antiparallel ordering prevailing in the crystalline state and retrieved on Cu(111) surfaces, which minimizes the dipoles electrostatic interaction energy. DFT shows that the rearrangement of electron density upon adsorption is a result of donation from the molecular HOMO to the surface, and back donation to the LUMO with a concomitant charge transfer that effectively reduces the overall charge dipole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna A Kunkel
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, 855 N 16th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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14
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Rojas G, Simpson S, Chen X, Kunkel DA, Nitz J, Xiao J, Dowben PA, Zurek E, Enders A. Surface state engineering of molecule–molecule interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:4971-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Otero R, Gallego JM, de Parga ALV, Martín N, Miranda R. Molecular self-assembly at solid surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:5148-5176. [PMID: 21919082 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly, the process by which objects initially distributed at random arrange into well-defined patterns exclusively due to their local mutual interactions without external intervention, is generally accepted to be the most promising method for large-scale fabrication of functional nanostructures. In particular, the ordering of molecular building-blocks deposited at solid surfaces is relevant for the performance of many organic electronic and optoelectronic devices, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) or photovoltaic solar cells. However, the fundamental knowledge on the nature and strength of the intermolecular and molecule-substrate interactions that govern the ordering of molecular adsorbates is, in many cases, rather scarce. In most cases, the structure and morphology of the organic-metal interface is not known and it is just assumed to be the same as in the bulk, thereby implicitly neglecting the role of the surface on the assembly. However, this approximation is usually not correct, and the evidence gathered over the last decades points towards an active role of the surface in the assembly, leading to self-assembled structures that only in a few occasions can be understood by considering just intermolecular interactions in solid or gas phases. In this work we review several examples from our recent research demonstrating the apparently endless variety of ways in which the surface might affect the assembly of organic adsorbates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Otero
- Department de Física de la Materia Condensada and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avd. Fco. Tomás y Valiente 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Cañas-Ventura ME, Aït-Mansour K, Ruffieux P, Rieger R, Müllen K, Brune H, Fasel R. Complex interplay and hierarchy of interactions in two-dimensional supramolecular assemblies. ACS NANO 2011; 5:457-469. [PMID: 21186825 DOI: 10.1021/nn102164g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In order to address the interplay of hydrogen bonding, dipolar interactions, and metal coordination, we have investigated the two-dimensional mono- and bicomponent self-assembly of three closely related diaminotriazine-based molecular building blocks and a complementary perylenetetracarboxylic diimide by means of scanning tunneling microscopy. The simplest molecular species, bis-diaminotriazine-benzene, only interacts via hydrogen bonds and forms a unique supramolecular pattern on the Au(111) surface. For the two related molecular species, which exhibit in addition to hydrogen bonding also dipolar interactions and metal coordination, the number of distinct supramolecular structures increases dramatically with the number of possible interaction channels. Deposition together with the complementary perylene species, however, always results in a single well-defined supramolecular arrangement of molecules. A detailed analysis of the observed mono- and bicomponent assemblies allows shedding light on the hierarchy of the competing interactions, with important implications for the fabrication of surface-supported supramolecular networks by design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta E Cañas-Ventura
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics (ICMP), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 3, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Sato F, Legoas SB, Otero R, Hümmelink F, Thostrup P, Lægsgaard E, Stensgaard I, Besenbacher F, Galvão DS. Adsorption configuration effects on the surface diffusion of large organic molecules: the case of Violet Lander. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:224702. [PMID: 21171691 DOI: 10.1063/1.3512623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Violet Lander (C(108)H(104)) is a large organic molecule that when deposited on Cu(110) surface exhibits lock-and-key like behavior [Otero et al., Nature Mater. 3, 779 (2004)]. In this work, we report a detailed fully atomistic molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics study of this phenomenon. Our results show that it has its physical basis on the interplay of the molecular hydrogens and the Cu(110) atomic spacing, which is a direct consequence of the matching between molecule and surface dimensions. This information could be used to find new molecules capable of displaying lock-and-key behavior with new potential applications in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sato
- Departamento de Física, ICE, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
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Stepanow S, Ohmann R, Leroy F, Lin N, Strunskus T, Wöll C, Kern K. Rational design of two-dimensional nanoscale networks by electrostatic interactions at surfaces. ACS NANO 2010; 4:1813-20. [PMID: 20337467 DOI: 10.1021/nn100303z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of aromatic carboxylic acids and cesium adatoms on a Cu(100) surface at room temperature has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The highly ordered molecular nanostructures are comprised of a central ionic coupling motif between the anionic carboxylate moieties and Cs cations that generate distinctive chiral arrangements of the network structures. The primary electrostatic interaction results in highly flexible bond lengths and geometries. The adsorbate-substrate coupling is found to be important for the determination of the structures. With the use of rod-like carboxylic linker molecules, the dimension of the porous networks can be tuned through the variation of the aromatic backbone length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stepanow
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Elemans JAAW, Wezenberg SJ, Coenen MJJ, Escudero-Adán EC, Benet-Buchholz J, den Boer D, Speller S, Kleij AW, De Feyter S. Axial ligand control over monolayer and bilayer formation of metal-salophens at the liquid–solid interface. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:2548-50. [DOI: 10.1039/b922212j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fremy S, Schwarz A, Lämmle K, Prosenc M, Wiesendanger R. The monomer-to-dimer transition and bimodal growth of Co-salen on NaCl(001): a high resolution atomic force microscopy study. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:405608. [PMID: 19752497 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/40/405608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecules of Co-salen, a paramagnetic metal-organic Schiff base complex, self-assemble into two different well ordered morphologies on a NaCl(001) substrate: nanowires, which form networks, and compact nanocrystallites. Their growth can be controlled by adjusting the deposition parameters. It turns out that the nanowires are metastable. Molecular resolution images suggest that the packing in both morphologies is the same as in bulk Co-salen single crystals. Only the orientation of the c-axis with respect to the substrate is different. The origin of this intriguing bimodal growth is associated with a monomer-to-dimer transition, which probably takes place during initial nucleation at step edges.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fremy
- Institute of Applied Physics and Microstructure Research Center, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 11, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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