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Rodríguez-Torres LM, Huerta-Miranda GA, Martínez-García AL, Mazón-Montijo DA, Hernández-Eligio A, Miranda-Hernández M, Juárez K. Influence of support materials on the electroactive behavior, structure and gene expression of wild type and GSU1771-deficient mutant of Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33612-3. [PMID: 38758442 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens DL1 is a metal-reducing dissimilatory bacterium frequently used to produce electricity in bioelectrochemical systems (BES). The biofilm formed on electrodes is one of the most important factors for efficient electron transfer; this is possible due to the production of type IV pili and c-type cytochromes that allow it to carry out extracellular electron transfer (EET) to final acceptors. In this study, we analyzed the biofilm formed on different support materials (glass, hematite (Fe2O3) on glass, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) semiconductor glass, Fe2O3 on FTO, graphite, and stainless steel) by G. sulfurreducens DL1 (WT) and GSU1771-deficient strain mutant (Δgsu1771). GSU1771 is a transcriptional regulator that controls the expression of several genes involved in electron transfer. Different approaches and experimental tests were carried out with the biofilms grown on the different support materials including structure analysis by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), characterization of electrochemical activity, and quantification of relative gene expression by RT-qPCR. The gene expression of selected genes involved in EET was analyzed, observing an overexpression of pgcA, omcS, omcM, and omcF from Δgsu1771 biofilms compared to those from WT, also the overexpression of the epsH gene, which is involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis. Although we observed that for the Δgsu1771 mutant strain, the associated redox processes are similar to the WT strain, and more current is produced, we think that this could be associated with a higher relative expression of certain genes involved in EET and in the production of exopolysaccharides despite the chemical environment where the biofilm develops. This study supports that G. sulfurreducens is capable of adapting to the electrochemical environment where it grows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Torres
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Guillermo Antonio Huerta-Miranda
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ana Luisa Martínez-García
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C., Subsede Monterrey, Grupo de Investigación DORA-Lab, 66628, Apodaca, N. L, México
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CIIT), Grupo de Investigación DORA-Lab, Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Nuevo León (TECNL), 66629, Apodaca, N. L, México
| | - Dalia Alejandra Mazón-Montijo
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C., Subsede Monterrey, Grupo de Investigación DORA-Lab, 66628, Apodaca, N. L, México
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (CIIT), Grupo de Investigación DORA-Lab, Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Nuevo León (TECNL), 66629, Apodaca, N. L, México
- Investigadores Por México, CONAHCYT, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto Hernández-Eligio
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- Investigadores Por México, CONAHCYT, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Margarita Miranda-Hernández
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco, 62580, Temixco, Morelos, México
| | - Katy Juárez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001. Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
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2
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Yates MD, Mickol RL, Vignola A, Baldwin JW, Glaven SM, Tender LM. Performance of a combined electrotrophic and electrogenic biofilm operated under long-term, continuous cycling. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:213-221. [PMID: 38300444 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate electrochemically active biofilms as high energy density rechargeable microbial batteries toward providing persistent power in applications where traditional battery technology is limiting (, remote monitoring applications). RESULTS Here we demonstrated that an electrochemically active biofilm was able to store and release electrical charge for alternating charge/discharge cycles of up to 24 h periodicity (50% duty cycle) with no significant decrease in average current density (0.16 ± 0.04 A/m2) for over 600 days. However, operation at 24 h periodicity for > 50 days resulted in a sharp decrease in the current to nearly zero. This current crash was recoverable by decreasing the periodicity. Overall, the coulombic efficiency remained near unity within experimental error (102 ± 3%) for all of the tested cycling periods. Electrochemical characterization here suggests that electron transfer occurs through multiple routes, likely a mixture of direct and mediated mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that bidirectional electrogenic/electrotrophic biofilms are capable of efficient charge storage/release over a wide range of cycling frequency and may eventually enable development of sustainable, high energy density rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Yates
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Mickol
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Amelia Vignola
- Acoustics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Baldwin
- Acoustics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Sarah M Glaven
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Leonard M Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
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3
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Portela PC, Shipps CC, Shen C, Srikanth V, Salgueiro CA, Malvankar NS. Widespread extracellular electron transfer pathways for charging microbial cytochrome OmcS nanowires via periplasmic cytochromes PpcABCDE. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2434. [PMID: 38509081 PMCID: PMC10954620 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer (EET) via microbial nanowires drives globally-important environmental processes and biotechnological applications for bioenergy, bioremediation, and bioelectronics. Due to highly-redundant and complex EET pathways, it is unclear how microbes wire electrons rapidly (>106 s-1) from the inner-membrane through outer-surface nanowires directly to an external environment despite a crowded periplasm and slow (<105 s-1) electron diffusion among periplasmic cytochromes. Here, we show that Geobacter sulfurreducens periplasmic cytochromes PpcABCDE inject electrons directly into OmcS nanowires by binding transiently with differing efficiencies, with the least-abundant cytochrome (PpcC) showing the highest efficiency. Remarkably, this defined nanowire-charging pathway is evolutionarily conserved in phylogenetically-diverse bacteria capable of EET. OmcS heme reduction potentials are within 200 mV of each other, with a midpoint 82 mV-higher than reported previously. This could explain efficient EET over micrometres at ultrafast (<200 fs) rates with negligible energy loss. Engineering this minimal nanowire-charging pathway may yield microbial chassis with improved performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar C Portela
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catharine C Shipps
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cong Shen
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vishok Srikanth
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carlos A Salgueiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Nikhil S Malvankar
- Microbial Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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4
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Liu YN, Lv ZT, Lv WL, Liu DF, Liu XW. Label-Free Optical Imaging of the Electron Transfer in Single Live Microbial Cells. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:558-566. [PMID: 36594792 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of electron transfer at the single-particle or -cell level is crucial to the in situ study of basic chemical and biological processes. However, it remains challenging to directly probe the microbial extracellular electron transfer process due to the weakness of signals and the lack of techniques. Here, we present a label-free and noninvasive imaging method that is able to measure the electron transfer in microbial cells. We measured the extracellular electron transfer processes by imaging the redox reaction of c-type outer membrane cytochromes in microbial cells using a plasmonic imaging technique, and obtained the electrochemical activity parameters (formal potential and number of electrons transferred) of multiple individual microbial cells, allowing for unveiling ample heterogeneities in electron transfer at the single-cell level. We anticipate that this method will contribute to the study of electron transfer in various biological and chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Zhen-Ting Lv
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Wen-Li Lv
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Dong-Feng Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
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5
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Zhu Q, Hu J, Liu B, Liang S, Xiao K, Yu W, Yuan S, Yang J, Hou H. Potassium channel blocker selectively enriched Geobacter from mixed-cultured electroactive biofilm: Insights from microbial community, functional prediction and gene expressions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128109. [PMID: 36244602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of electrical signaling disruption induced by adding tetraethylammonium (TEA, a potassium channel blocker) on the formation of mixed-cultured electroactive biofilms, especially the relative abundance of Geobacter over time. Results showed that TEA addition decelerated the biofilm formation, but selectively enriched Geobacter over time (45.8% on Day 32, 67.7% on Day 60 and 78.1% on Day 90), thus resulting in higher final extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency. Redundancy analysis (RDA) confirmed that TEA and operation time were significant factors for the selective enrichment of Geobacter. Moreover, increase in cellular processes and signal processing by PICRUSt analysis indicated adaptive responses of electrogenic biofilms to electrical signaling disruption. Furthermore, qRT-PCR indicated the compensatory roles of key cytochromes and pilA in electrochemical communication, which induced Geobacter enrichment. This work provided a broader understanding of electroactive biofilm regulation and potential applications for electricity generation and biosensor in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Shushan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycling, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
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6
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Cai J, Yu N, Guan F, Cai X, Hou R, Yuan Y. Response of electroactive biofilms from real wastewater to metal ion shock in bioelectrochemical systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157158. [PMID: 35798101 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical activity of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) was proven to be dependent on the stability of electroactive biofilms (EABs), but the response of EABs based on real wastewater to external disturbances is not fully known. Herein, we used real wastewater (beer brewery wastewater) as a substrate for culturing EABs and found that current generation, biomass, redox activity and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content in those EABs were lower as compared to EABs cultured with synthetic wastewaters (acetate and glucose). However, the EABs from the beer brewery wastewater showed moderate anti-shock resistance capability. The proteins and humic acid in loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) exhibited a positive linear relationship with current recovery after Ag+ shock, indicating the importance of LB-EPS for protecting the EABs. Fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy integrated with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy verified that the spectra of the protein-like region of LB-EPS changed considerably under the interference of Ag+ concentration and the CO group of humic acid or proteins was mainly responsible for binding with Ag+ to attenuate its toxicity to the EABs. This is the first study revealing the underlying molecular mechanism of EABs cultured with real wastewater against external heavy metal shock and provides useful insights into enhancing the application of BESs in future water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexuan Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Na Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fengyi Guan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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7
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Karoń K, Zabłocka-Godlewska E, Krukiewicz K. Recent advances in the design of bacteria-based supercapacitors: Current limitations and future opportunities. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Influence of electrode surface charge on current production by Geobacter sulfurreducens microbial anodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 147:108213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Teixeira LR, Fernandes TM, Silva MA, Morgado L, Salgueiro CA. Characterization of a Novel Cytochrome Involved in
Geobacter sulfurreducens’
Electron Harvesting Pathways. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202333. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R. Teixeira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2819-516 Caparica Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Tomás M. Fernandes
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2819-516 Caparica Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Marta A. Silva
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2819-516 Caparica Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Leonor Morgado
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2819-516 Caparica Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Carlos A. Salgueiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2819-516 Caparica Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department NOVA School of Science and Technology NOVA University Lisbon 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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10
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Li Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Cheng M, Yu H, Song H, Cao Y. Coupling riboflavin de novo biosynthesis and cytochrome expression for improving extracellular electron transfer efficiency in Shewanella oneidensis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2806-2818. [PMID: 35798677 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, as a model exoelectrogen with divergent extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathways, has been widely used in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The electron transfer rate is largely determined by riboflavin (RF) and c-type cytochromes (c-Cyts). However, relatively low RF production and inappropriate amount of c-Cyts substantially impedes the capacity of improving the EET rate. In this work, coupling of riboflavin de novo biosynthesis and c-Cyts expression was implemented to enhance the efficiency of EET in S. oneidensis. Firstly, the upstream pathway of RF de novo biosynthesis was divided into four modules, and the expression level of 22 genes in above four modules was fine-tuned by employing promoters with different strength. Among them, genes zwf*, glyA, ybjU which exhibited the optimal RF production were combinatorially overexpressed, leading to enhancement of maximum output power density by 166%. Secondly, the diverse c-Cyts genes were overexpressed to match high RF production, and omcA was selected for further combination. Thirdly, RF de novo biosynthesis and c-Cyts expression were combined, resulting in 2.34-fold higher power output than the parent strain. This modular and combinatorial manipulation strategy provides a generalized reference to advance versatile practical applications of electroactive microorganisms. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yaru Chen
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Meijie Cheng
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yingxiu Cao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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11
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Karamash M, Stumpe M, Dengjel J, Salgueiro CA, Giese B, Fromm KM. Reduction Kinetic of Water Soluble Metal Salts by Geobacter sulfurreducens: Fe2+/Hemes Stabilize and Regulate Electron Flux Rates. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:909109. [PMID: 35783399 PMCID: PMC9248073 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.909109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens is a widely applied microorganism for the reduction of toxic metal salts, as an electron source for bioelectrochemical devices, and as a reagent for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In order to understand the influence of metal salts, and of electron transporting, multiheme c-cytochromes on the electron flux during respiration of G. sulfurreducens, the reduction kinetic of Fe3+, Co3+, V5+, Cr6+, and Mn7+ containing complexes were measured. Starting from the resting phase, each G. sulfurreducens cell produced an electron flux of 3.7 × 105 electrons per second during the respiration process. Reduction rates were within ± 30% the same for the 6 different metal salts, and reaction kinetics were of zero order. Decrease of c-cytochrome concentrations by downregulation and mutation demonstrated that c-cytochromes stabilized respiration rates by variation of their redox states. Increasing Fe2+/heme levels increased electron flux rates, and induced respiration flexibility. The kinetic effects parallel electrochemical results of G. sulfurreducens biofilms on electrodes, and might help to optimize bioelectrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Karamash
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Stumpe
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Carlos A. Salgueiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB – Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Costa da Caparica, Portugal
- UCIBIO – Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Costa da Caparica, Portugal
| | - Bernd Giese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Bernd Giese,
| | - Katharina M. Fromm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Katharina M. Fromm,
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12
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Scarabotti F, Bühler K, Schmidt M, Harnisch F. Thickness and roughness of transparent gold-palladium anodes have no impact on growth kinetics and yield coefficients of early-stage Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 144:108043. [PMID: 34959027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens is the model organism for electroactive microorganisms performing direct extracellular electron transfer and forming thick mature biofilm electrodes. Although numerous physiological properties of mature biofilm electrodes are deciphered, there is an extensive gap of knowledge on the early-stage biofilm formation. We have shown recently that transparent gold-palladium (AuPd) electrodes allow for analysis of early-stage biofilm formation using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Here we analysed the influence of thickness (ranging from 12.5 to 200 nm) and roughness of AuPd electrodes on physiological parameters of G. sulfurreducens early-stage biofilms. We show that when grown potentiostatically at -200 mV vs. Ag/ AgCl sat. KCl neither maximum current density (jmax of ∼ 80-150 µA cm-2) nor lag time (lag t of ∼ 0.2-0.4 days) or single cell yield coefficients (YNe of 1.43 × 1012 cells mole--1) of the biofilms are influenced by the electrode preparation. This confirms the robustness of the experimental approach, which is an inevitable prerequisite for obtaining reliable results in follow-up experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Scarabotti
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katja Bühler
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Falk Harnisch
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
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13
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Ferreira MR, Fernandes TM, Turner DL, Salgueiro CA. Molecular geometries of the heme axial ligands from the triheme cytochrome PpcF from Geobacter metallireducens reveal a conserved heme core architecture. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 723:109220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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14
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Yang J, Cheng S, Zhang S, Han W, Jin B. Modifying Ti 3C 2 MXene with NH 4+ as an excellent anode material for improving the performance of microbial fuel cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132502. [PMID: 34626659 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Poor anode performance is one of the main bottlenecks in the development of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for practical applications. Multilayered Ti3C2 MXene (m-MXene) is an alternative anode modification material because of its high specific surface area and electrical conductivity. However, the multilayered structure, negatively charged surface, and electropositivity of m-MXene could limit its modification effects. In this work, we used a solution-phase flocculation method (ammonium ion method) to restack and aggregate MXene nanosheets as an anode modification material (n-MXene). The n-MXene-modified anode had a higher specific surface area, surface hydrophilicity and surface electropositivity than the m-MXene-modified anode. The n-MXene-modified anode obtained a maximum current density of 2.1 A m-2, which was 31.2% and 61.5% higher than that of the m-MXene-modified anode (1.6 A m-2) and bare carbon fiber cloth anode (1.3 A m-2). This improved anode performance was attributed to both the decrease in the charge transfer resistance and diffusion resistance, which were related to the increased quantity of biomass and microbial nanowire (or pili)-shaped filaments on the electrode surface. This work provides a simple and cost-effective approach to prepare MXene nanosheets for the modification of MFC anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Shaoan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.
| | - Shenglong Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Han
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Beichen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
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15
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A systematic study on self-powered microbial fuel cell based BOD biosensors running under different temperatures. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Nercessian D, Busalmen JP. Cell Adhesion and Biofilm Formation Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2522:407-417. [PMID: 36125767 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2445-6_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion to surfaces and ulterior biofilm formation are critical processes in microbial development since living in biofilms is the preferred way of life within microorganisms. These processes are known to influence not only microorganisms development in the environment, but also their participation in biotechnological processes and have been the focus of intense research that as a matter of fact, was mainly directed to the bacterial domain. Archaea also adhere to surfaces and have been shown forming biofilms, but studies performed until present did not exploit the diversity of methods probed to be useful along bacterial biofilm research.An experimental setup is described here with the aim of stimulating archaeal biofilm research. It can be used for studying cell adhesion and biofilm formation under controlled flow conditions and allows performing in situ optical microscopy (phase contrast, fluorescence, or confocal) and/or spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, IR, or Raman) to determine structural and functional biofilm features and their evolution in time. Variants are described with specific aims as working in anaerobiosis and allow sampling of biological material along time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Nercessian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (CONICET-UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Juan Pablo Busalmen
- Ingeniería de Interfases y Bioprocesos, INTEMA (CONICET-UNMdP), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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17
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Hu Y, Wang Y, Han X, Shan Y, Li F, Shi L. Biofilm Biology and Engineering of Geobacter and Shewanella spp. for Energy Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:786416. [PMID: 34926431 PMCID: PMC8683041 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.786416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Geobacter and Shewanella spp. were discovered in late 1980s as dissimilatory metal-reducing microorganisms that can transfer electrons from cytoplasmic respiratory oxidation reactions to external metal-containing minerals. In addition to mineral-based electron acceptors, Geobacter and Shewanella spp. also can transfer electrons to electrodes. The microorganisms that have abilities to transfer electrons to electrodes are known as exoelectrogens. Because of their remarkable abilities of electron transfer, Geobacter and Shewanella spp. have been the two most well studied groups of exoelectrogens. They are widely used in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) for various biotechnological applications, such as bioelectricity generation via microbial fuel cells. These applications mostly associate with Geobacter and Shewanella biofilms grown on the surfaces of electrodes. Geobacter and Shewanella biofilms are electrically conductive, which is conferred by matrix-associated electroactive components such as c-type cytochromes and electrically conductive nanowires. The thickness and electroactivity of Geobacter and Shewanella biofilms have a significant impact on electron transfer efficiency in BESs. In this review, we first briefly discuss the roles of planktonic and biofilm-forming Geobacter and Shewanella cells in BESs, and then review biofilm biology with the focus on biofilm development, biofilm matrix, heterogeneity in biofilm and signaling regulatory systems mediating formation of Geobacter and Shewanella biofilms. Finally, we discuss strategies of Geobacter and Shewanella biofilm engineering for improving electron transfer efficiency to obtain enhanced BES performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Hu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Han
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawei Shan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan, China
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18
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Yang K, Zhao Y, Zhou X, Wang Q, Pedersen TH, Jia Z, Cabrera J, Ji M. "Self-degradation" of 2-chlorophenol in a sequential cathode-anode cascade mode bioelectrochemical system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 206:117740. [PMID: 34688096 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A sequential cathode-anode cascade mode bioelectrochemical system (BES) was designed and developed to achieve the "self-degradation" of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP). With the cooperation of cathode and anode, the electrons supplied for the cathode 2-CP dechlorination come from its own dechlorinated product in the anode, phenol. Separate degradation experiments of cathode 2-CP and anode phenol were firstly conducted. The optimum concentration ratio of anode acetate to phenolic compound (3.66/1.56) and the phenolic compound degradation ability of BES were investigated. With the formation of the bioanode able to degrade phenol, the sequential cathode-anode cascade mode BES was further developed, where 2-CP could achieve sequential dechlorination and ring-cleavage degradation. When applied voltage was 0.6 V and cathode influent pH was 7, 1.56 mM 2-CP reached 80.15% cathode dechlorination efficiency and 58.91% total cathode-anode phenolic compounds degradation efficiency. The bioanodes played a decisive role in BES. Different operating conditions would affect the overall performance of BES by changing the electrochemical activity and microbial community structure of the bioanodes. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the sequential cathode-anode cascade mode BES to degrade 2-CP wastewater and provided perspectives for the cooperation of cathode and anode, aiming to explore more potential of BES in wastewater treatment field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaichao Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Thomas Helmer Pedersen
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Zhichao Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jonnathan Cabrera
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
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19
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Yang G, Mai Q, Zhuang Z, Zhuang L. Buffer capacity regulates the stratification of anode-respiring biofilm during brewery wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111572. [PMID: 34186084 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving the buffer capacity of the electrolyte can enhance the anode performance in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs). To elucidate the mechanism underlying the facilitated BESs performance, this study used three different anode biofilms cultured with different concentrations of phosphate buffer (5, 50 and 100 mM) to investigate the biofilm response, in terms of the spatial structure of metabolic activity and microbial community, to different buffer capacities. Results showed that the electrochemical activities of the anode biofilms positively correlated with the buffer concentration. The spatial stratification of metabolic activity and microbial community of the anode biofilms were regulated by the buffer capacity, and the spatial microbial heterogeneity of the anode biofilm decreased as the buffer concentration increased. With increasing buffer capacity, Geobacter spp. were enriched in both the inner and outer layers of the biofilm, and the inhibition of methanogens growth improved the COD removal attributed to anode respiration. Additionally, the stimulation of EPS production in biofilms played a role in increasing the electrochemical performance of biofilms by buffer improvement. This study first revealed the regulation of buffer capacity on the stratification of anode biofilm during brewery wastewater treatment, which provided a deep insight into the relation of biofilm structure to its electrochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qijun Mai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zheng Zhuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li Zhuang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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20
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Evidence of a Streamlined Extracellular Electron Transfer Pathway from Biofilm Structure, Metabolic Stratification, and Long-Range Electron Transfer Parameters. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0070621. [PMID: 34190605 PMCID: PMC8357294 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00706-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A strain of Geobacter sulfurreducens, an organism capable of respiring solid extracellular substrates, lacking four of five outer membrane cytochrome complexes (extABCD+ strain) grows faster and produces greater current density than the wild type grown under identical conditions. To understand cellular and biofilm modifications in the extABCD+ strain responsible for this increased performance, biofilms grown using electrodes as terminal electron acceptors were sectioned and imaged using electron microscopy to determine changes in thickness and cell density, while parallel biofilms incubated in the presence of nitrogen and carbon isotopes were analyzed using NanoSIMS (nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry) to quantify and localize anabolic activity. Long-distance electron transfer parameters were measured for wild-type and extABCD+ biofilms spanning 5-μm gaps. Our results reveal that extABCD+ biofilms achieved higher current densities through the additive effects of denser cell packing close to the electrode (based on electron microscopy), combined with higher metabolic rates per cell compared to the wild type (based on increased rates of 15N incorporation). We also observed an increased rate of electron transfer through extABCD+ versus wild-type biofilms, suggesting that denser biofilms resulting from the deletion of unnecessary multiheme cytochromes streamline electron transfer to electrodes. The combination of imaging, physiological, and electrochemical data confirms that engineered electrogenic bacteria are capable of producing more current per cell and, in combination with higher biofilm density and electron diffusion rates, can produce a higher final current density than the wild type. IMPORTANCE Current-producing biofilms in microbial electrochemical systems could potentially sustain technologies ranging from wastewater treatment to bioproduction of electricity if the maximum current produced could be increased and current production start-up times after inoculation could be reduced. Enhancing the current output of microbial electrochemical systems has been mostly approached by engineering physical components of reactors and electrodes. Here, we show that biofilms formed by a Geobacter sulfurreducens strain producing ∼1.4× higher current than the wild type results from a combination of denser cell packing and higher anabolic activity, enabled by an increased rate of electron diffusion through the biofilms. Our results confirm that it is possible to engineer electrode-specific G. sulfurreducens strains with both faster growth on electrodes and streamlined electron transfer pathways for enhanced current production.
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21
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Sundaresan V, Cutri AR, Metro J, Madukoma CS, Shrout JD, Hoffman AJ, Willets KA, Bohn PW. Potential dependent spectroelectrochemistry of electrofluorogenic dyes on indium‐tin oxide. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 2. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Allison R. Cutri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Jarek Metro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Chinedu S. Madukoma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Joshua D. Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Anthony J. Hoffman
- Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | | | - Paul W. Bohn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
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22
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Liu X, Zhan J, Liu L, Gan F, Ye J, Nealson KH, Rensing C, Zhou S. In Situ Spectroelectrochemical Characterization Reveals Cytochrome-Mediated Electric Syntrophy in Geobacter Coculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10142-10151. [PMID: 34196176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between microbial species prevails in some key microbial consortia. However, the electron transfer mechanism(s) in these consortia is controversial due to lack of efficient characterization methods. Here, we provide an in situ anaerobic spectroelectrochemical coculture cell (in situ ASCC) to induce the formation of DIET coculture biofilm on the interdigitated microelectrode arrays and characterize the electron transfer directly. Two typical Geobacter DIET cocultures, Geobacter metallireducens and wild-type Geobacter sulfurreducens (G.m&G.s) and G. metallireducens and a G. sulfurreducens strain deficient in citrate synthase (G.m&G.s-ΔgltA), were selected. In situ Raman and electrochemical Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that cytochromes are abundant in the electric syntrophic coculture. Cyclic voltammetry and potential step experiment revealed a diffusion-controlled electron transfer process and the electrochemical gating measurements further demonstrated a cytochrome-mediated electron transfer in the DIET coculture. Furthermore, the G.m&G.s-ΔgltA coculture displayed a higher redox conductivity than the G.m&G.s coculture, consistent with the existence of an intimate and efficient electrical connection between these two species. Our findings provide the first report of a redox-gradient-driven electron transport facilitated by c-type cytochromes in DIET coculture, supporting the model that DIET is mediated by cytochromes and suggest a platform to explore the other DIET consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ji Zhan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Feiting Gan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kenneth H Nealson
- Department of Earth Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, United States
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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23
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Xing C, Jiang D, Tong L, Ma K, Xu Y, Xie K, Wang Y. MXene@Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Decorated Carbon Cloth for Highly Electrochemically Active Biofilms in Microbial Fuel Cells. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Xing
- Center for Nano Photoelectrochemistry and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Demin Jiang
- Center for Nano Photoelectrochemistry and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing 404100 China
| | - Le Tong
- Center for Nano Photoelectrochemistry and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Kexin Ma
- School of Civil Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Civil Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Kun Xie
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges University Chongqing 404100 China
| | - Yuqiao Wang
- Center for Nano Photoelectrochemistry and Devices School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
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24
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He X, Chadwick G, Jiménez Otero F, Orphan V, Meile C. Spatially Resolved Electron Transport through Anode‐Respiring
Geobacter sulfurreducens
Biofilms: Controls and Constraints. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia He
- Department of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens GA USA
| | - Grayson Chadwick
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
| | | | - Victoria Orphan
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
| | - Christof Meile
- Department of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens GA USA
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25
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Dissecting the Structural and Conductive Functions of Nanowires in Geobacter sulfurreducens Electroactive Biofilms. mBio 2021; 13:e0382221. [PMID: 35164556 PMCID: PMC8844916 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03822-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Conductive nanowires are thought to contribute to long-range electron transfer (LET) in Geobacter sulfurreducens anode biofilms. Three types of nanowires have been identified: pili, OmcS, and OmcZ. Previous studies highlighted their conductive function in anode biofilms, yet a structural function also has to be considered. We present here a comprehensive analysis of the function of nanowires in LET by inhibiting the expression of each nanowire. Meanwhile, flagella with poor conductivity were expressed to recover the structural function but not the conductive function of nanowires in the corresponding nanowire mutant strain. The results demonstrated that pili played a structural but not a conductive function in supporting biofilm formation. In contrast, the OmcS nanowire played a conductive but not a structural function in facilitating electron transfer in the biofilm. The OmcZ nanowire played both a structural and a conductive function to contribute to current generation. Expression of the poorly conductive flagellum was shown to enhance biofilm formation, subsequently increasing current generation. These data support a model in which multiheme cytochromes facilitate long-distance electron transfer in G. sulfurreducens biofilms. Our findings also suggest that the formation of a thicker biofilm, which contributed to a higher current generation by G. sulfurreducens, was confined by the biofilm formation deficiency, and this has applications in microbial electrochemical systems. IMPORTANCE The low power generation of microbial fuel cells limits their utility. Many factors can affect power generation, including inefficient electron transfer in the anode biofilm. Thus, understanding the mechanism(s) of electron transfer provides a pathway for increasing the power density of microbial fuel cells. Geobacter sulfurreducens was shown to form a thick biofilm on the anode. Cells far away from the anode reduce the anode through long-range electron transfer. Based on their conductive properties, three types of nanowires have been hypothesized to directly facilitate long-range electron transfer: pili, OmcS, and OmcZ nanowires. However, their structural contributions to electron transfer in anode biofilm have not been elucidated. Based on studies of mutants lacking one or more of these facilitators, our results support a cytochrome-mediated electron transfer process in Geobacter biofilms and highlight the structural contribution of nanowires in anode biofilm formation, which contributes to biofilm formation and current generation, thereby providing a strategy to increase current generation.
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26
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Scarabotti F, Rago L, Bühler K, Harnisch F. The electrode potential determines the yield coefficients of early-stage Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilm anodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107752. [PMID: 33618189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens is the model for electroactive microorganisms (EAM). EAM can use solid state terminal electron acceptors (TEA) including anodes via extracellular electron transfer (EET). Yield coefficients relate the produced cell number or biomass to the oxidized substrate or the reduced TEA. These data are not yet sufficiently available for EAM growing at anodes. Thus, this study provides information about kinetics as well as yield coefficients of early-stage G. sulfurreducens biofilms using anodes as TEA at the potentials of -200 mV, 0 mV and +200 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl sat. KCl). The selected microorganism was therefore cultivated in single and double chamber batch reactors on graphite or AuPd anodes. Interestingly, whereas the lag time and maximum current density within 12 days of growth differed, the anode potential does not influence the coulombic efficiency and the formal potential of the EET, which remains constant for all the experiments at ~ -300 to -350 mV. We demonstrated for the first time that the anode potential has a strong influence on single cell yield coefficients which ranged from 2.69 × 1012 cells mole--1 at -200 mV and 1.48 × 1012 cells mole--1 at 0 mV to 2.58 × 1011 cells mole--1 at +200 mV in single chamber reactors and from 1.15 × 1012 cells mole--1 at -200 mV to 8.98× 1011 cells mole--1 at 0 mV in double chamber reactors. This data can be useful for optimization and scaling-up of primary microbial electrochemical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Scarabotti
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Rago
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katja Bühler
- Department Solar Materials, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Falk Harnisch
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
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Guo F, Liu Y, Liu H. Hibernations of electroactive bacteria provide insights into the flexible and robust BOD detection using microbial fuel cell-based biosensors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 753:142244. [PMID: 33207476 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) biosensors have been suggested as an alternative detection method for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). However, it is absolutely essential to develop maintenance procedures for MFC biosensors` because in practice the lay-up period cannot be avoided. In this work, setting electroactive bacteria (EAB) under hibernation condition was demonstrated to be a feasible maintenance method, which provided important insights into the flexible and robust BOD detection using MFC biosensors. Standard BOD solution containing 500, 200, and 20 mg/L BOD were used to evaluate the detection performance after EAB hibernations. Results demonstrated quick recovery of voltage output and high-accuracy BOD detection after hibernations up to 30 days in MFC biosensors detecting 500 mg/L and 200 mg/L BOD. Identical anode potentials after the EAB hibernations suggested intact bacterial ability of current generation. Non-turnover cyclic voltammetry immediately collected after the hibernations suggested multiple redox couples and the presence of cytochromes that played key roles in EAB metabolism and functioned as temporary electron sinks during the hibernations, leading to the increased detected BOD concentration in the restarting cycles. Generally, setting EAB under hibernation condition is a simple and convenient maintenance method for MFC-based BOD biosensors, which not only provides insights into flexible and robust BOD detection, but also be helpful for other MFC biosensing instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China.
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28
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Xu L, Wei C, Siddique MS, Yu W. Insight into the effect of in-situ galvanic micro-coagulation on membrane fouling mitigation treating surface water. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Xu L, Graham NJD, Wei C, Zhang L, Yu W. Abatement of the membrane biofouling: Performance of an in-situ integrated bioelectrochemical-ultrafiltration system. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 179:115892. [PMID: 32388047 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The practical applications of membrane-based water treatment techniques are constrained by the problem of membrane fouling. Various studies have revealed that interactions between extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the membrane surface determine the extent of irreversible fouling. Herein, we describe a novel bioelectrochemical system (BES) integrated with an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane in order to provide an enhanced antifouling property. It was found that the integrated BES membrane system had a superior performance compared to a conventional (control) UF system, as manifested by a much lower development of transmembrane pressure. The BES significantly reduced microbial viability in the membrane tank and the imposed electrode potential contributed to the degradation of biopolymers, which favored the alleviation of membrane fouling. Notably, the electron transfer between the acclimated microorganisms and the conductive membrane in the BES integrated system exhibited an increasing trend with the operation time, indicating a gradual increase in microbial electrical activity. Correspondingly, the accumulation of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the membrane surface of the BES integrated system showed a substantial decrease compared to the control system, which could be attributed to a series of synergistic effects induced by the BES integration. The differences in the microbial diversity between the control and the BES integrated system revealed the microbial selectivity of the poised potential. Specifically, microbial strains with relatively high EPS production, like the genus of Zoogloea and Methyloversatilis, were reduced significantly in the BES integrated system, while the expression of the electroactive bacteria was promoted, which facilitated extracellular electron transfer (EET) and therefore the bioelectrochemical reactions. Overall, this study has presented a feasible and promising new approach for membrane fouling mitigation during the process of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Chaocheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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30
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Cao L, Ma Y, Deng D, Jiang H, Wang J, Liu Y. Electricity production of microbial fuel cells by degrading cellulose coupling with Cr(VI) removal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 391:122184. [PMID: 32092674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A facultative exoelectrogen strain Lsc-8 belonging to the Cellulomonas genus with the ability to degrade carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) coupled with the reduction of Cr(VI), was successfully isolated from rumen content. The maximum output power density of the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) inoculated strain Lsc-8 was 9.56 ± 0.37 mW·m-2 with CMC as the sole carbon source. From the biomass analysis it can be seen that the electricity generation of the MFCs was primarily attributed to the planktonic cells of strain Lsc-8 rather than the biofilm attached on the electrode, which was different from Geobacter sulfurreducens. Especially, during electricity generation of the MFCs using CMC as carbon source in the anode chamber, the Cr(VI) reduction were simultaneously realized. And it is also found that the Cr(VI) reduction ratio by strain Lsc-8 is directly related to the initial Cr(VI) concentration, and it increased with the increase of initial Cr(VI) concentration at first, then started to decrease when the Cr(VI) concentration was above 21 mg ·L-1. Meanwhile, the highest output power density of 3.47 ± 0.28 mW·m-2 was observed coupling with 95.22 ± 2.72 % of Cr(VI) reduction. These data suggested that the strain Lsc-8 could reduce high toxicity Cr(VI) to low toxicity Cr(III) coupled with electricity generation in MFCs with CMC as the carbon source. Our results also suggested that this study will provide a possibility to simultaneously degrade Cr(VI) and generate electricity by using cellulose as the carbon source via MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbin Cao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Yamei Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Dandan Deng
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, No. 55 Pingyuan Road, Shangqiu, Henan Province, 476000, PR China
| | - Huichun Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, PR China.
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31
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Liu D, Chang Q, Gao Y, Huang W, Sun Z, Yan M, Guo C. High performance of microbial fuel cell afforded by metallic tungsten carbide decorated carbon cloth anode. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Wang R, Liu D, Yan M, Zhang L, Chang W, Sun Z, Liu S, Guo C. Three-dimensional high performance free-standing anode by one-step carbonization of pinecone in microbial fuel cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121956. [PMID: 31430673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the free-standing macroporous carbon anode is prepared by one-step carbonization of pinecone without any further modification. The obtained anode is N, P-codoped porous carbon material, which is beneficial for electrochemical active bacterial adhesion and the fast start-up of cells. Both of the output voltage and long-term operation stability of the obtained anode are higher than that of carbon felt. The charge transfer resistance after biofilm formation is only 1.4 Ω, being 85.1% lower than that of carbon felt anode. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis shows that Geobacter soli is the main electricigen and its ratio at the obtained anode is much higher than that at carbon felt (77.4% vs 34.0%). The N, P-codoped carbon as the three-dimensional free-standing anode has excellent electrochemical properties and is low cost and easy preparation. Most importantly, it enhances extracellular electron transfer, thus has potential application in microbial fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Da Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mei Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wen Chang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ziyu Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shaoqin Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chongshen Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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33
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He Q, Yu L, Li J, He D, Cai X, Zhou S. Electron shuttles enhance anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to iron(III) reduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:664-672. [PMID: 31254832 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) has recently been coupled with the reduction of insoluble electron acceptors such as iron minerals. However, effects of electron shuttles (ESs) on this process and the underlying coupling mechanisms remain not well understood. Here, we evaluated AOM-coupled ferrihydrite reduction by a mixed culture in the absence and presence of ESs. The results showed that ESs (AQS, flavin, HA and AQDS) significantly enhanced the rate (up to 7.4 times) of AOM-dependent ferrihydrite reduction compared with the control. The enhancements were linearly related with the electron transfer capacity of ESs. Illumina high-throughput sequencing and DNA-based stable isotope probing revealed that the AOM-coupled iron reduction depended on the syntrophic interaction of Methanobacterium and the partner bacteria. Methanobacterium as the dominant microorganism, did not assimilate methane into its biomasses. However, it played a crucial role in the partial oxidation of methane into an intermediate (i.e. propionate), which was then assimilated by the partner bacteria (e.g. Cellulomonas, Desulfovibrio, Actinotalea, etc.) for ferrihydrite reduction. This work suggests that ESs in natural environments can mitigate the methane emissions by facilitating the AOM process and biogeochemical cycles of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Linpeng Yu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Jibing Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dan He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xixi Cai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Semenec L, Vergara IA, Laloo AE, Mathews ER, Bond PL, Franks AE. Enhanced Growth of Pilin-Deficient Geobacter sulfurreducens Mutants in Carbon Poor and Electron Donor Limiting Conditions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:618-630. [PMID: 30759269 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens pili enable extracellular electron transfer and play a role in secretion of c-type cytochromes such as OmcZ. PilA-deficient mutants of G. sulfurreducens have previously been shown to accumulate cytochromes within their membranes. This cytochrome retaining phenotype allowed for enhanced growth of PilA-deficient mutants in electron donor and carbon-limited conditions where formate and fumarate are provided as the sole electron donor and acceptor with no supplementary carbon source. Conversely, wild-type G. sulfurreducens, which has normal secretion of cytochromes, has comparative limited growth in these conditions. This growth is further impeded for OmcZ-deficient and OmcS-deficient mutants. A PilB-deficient mutant which prevents pilin production but allows for secretion of OmcZ had moderate growth in these conditions, indicating a role for cytochrome localization to enabling survival in the electron donor and carbon-limited conditions. To determine which pathways enhanced growth using formate, Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical Mass Spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) proteomics of formate adapted PilA-deficient mutants and acetate grown wild type was performed. PilA-deficient mutants had an overall decrease in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes and significant upregulation of electron transport chain associated proteins including many c-type cytochromes and [NiFe]-hydrogenases. Whole genome sequencing of the mutants shows strong convergent evolution and emergence of genetic subpopulations during adaptation to growth on formate. The results described here suggest a role for membrane constrained c-type cytochromes to the enhancement of survival and growth in electron donor and carbon-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Semenec
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ismael A Vergara
- Bioinformatics and Cancer Genomics, Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew E Laloo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth R Mathews
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip L Bond
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ashley E Franks
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
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35
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Abstract
Electricity-producing bacteria are potential power sources, fermentation platforms, and desalination systems, if current densities could be increased. These organisms form conductive biofilms on electrodes, allowing new cell layers to contribute to current production until a limit is reached, but the biological underpinning of this limit is not well-understood. We investigated the limitation behind this phenomenon using stable isotope probing and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, showing active cells are restricted to layers closest to the electrode. This metabolic observation fundamentally changes our understanding of electron flow and cell growth within current-producing biofilms and provides constraints on the physical structure of natural communities reliant on this process for growth. We predict improvements in biofilm conductivity will yield higher current-producing systems. Metal-reducing bacteria direct electrons to their outer surfaces, where insoluble metal oxides or electrodes act as terminal electron acceptors, generating electrical current from anaerobic respiration. Geobacter sulfurreducens is a commonly enriched electricity-producing organism, forming thick conductive biofilms that magnify total activity by supporting respiration of cells not in direct contact with electrodes. Hypotheses explaining why these biofilms fail to produce higher current densities suggest inhibition by formation of pH, nutrient, or redox potential gradients; but these explanations are often contradictory, and a lack of direct measurements of cellular growth within biofilms prevents discrimination between these models. To address this fundamental question, we measured the anabolic activity of G. sulfurreducens biofilms using stable isotope probing coupled to nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS). Our results demonstrate that the most active cells are at the anode surface, and that this activity decreases with distance, reaching a minimum 10 µm from the electrode. Cells nearest the electrode continue to grow at their maximum rate in weeks-old biofilms 80-µm-thick, indicating nutrient or buffer diffusion into the biofilm is not rate-limiting. This pattern, where highest activity occurs at the electrode and declines with each cell layer, is present in thin biofilms (<5 µm) and fully grown biofilms (>20 µm), and at different anode redox potentials. These results suggest a growth penalty is associated with respiring insoluble electron acceptors at micron distances, which has important implications for improving microbial electrochemical devices as well as our understanding of syntrophic associations harnessing the phenomenon of microbial conductivity.
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36
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Abstract
The family Geobacteraceae, with its only valid genus Geobacter, comprises deltaproteobacteria ubiquitous in soil, sediments, and subsurface environments where metal reduction is an active process. Research for almost three decades has provided novel insights into environmental processes and biogeochemical reactions not previously known to be carried out by microorganisms. At the heart of the environmental roles played by Geobacter bacteria is their ability to integrate redox pathways and regulatory checkpoints that maximize growth efficiency with electron donors derived from the decomposition of organic matter while respiring metal oxides, particularly the often abundant oxides of ferric iron. This metabolic specialization is complemented by versatile metabolic reactions, respiratory chains, and sensory networks that allow specific members to adaptively respond to environmental cues to integrate organic and inorganic contaminants in their oxidative and reductive metabolism, respectively. Thus, Geobacteraceae are important members of the microbial communities that degrade hydrocarbon contaminants under iron-reducing conditions and that contribute, directly or indirectly, to the reduction of radionuclides, toxic metals, and oxidized species of nitrogen. Their ability to produce conductive pili as nanowires for discharging respiratory electrons to solid-phase electron acceptors and radionuclides, or for wiring cells in current-harvesting biofilms highlights the unique physiological traits that make these organisms attractive biological platforms for bioremediation, bioenergy, and bioelectronics application. Here we review some of the most notable physiological features described in Geobacter species since the first model representatives were recovered in pure culture. We provide a historical account of the environmental research that has set the foundation for numerous physiological studies and the laboratory tools that had provided novel insights into the role of Geobacter in the functioning of microbial communities from pristine and contaminated environments. We pay particular attention to latest research, both basic and applied, that has served to expand the field into new directions and to advance interdisciplinary knowledge. The electrifying physiology of Geobacter, it seems, is alive and well 30 years on.
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37
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Reguera G. Microbial nanowires and electroactive biofilms. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:5000162. [PMID: 29931163 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Geobacter bacteria are the only microorganisms known to produce conductive appendages or pili to electronically connect cells to extracellular electron acceptors such as iron oxide minerals and uranium. The conductive pili also promote cell-cell aggregation and the formation of electroactive biofilms. The hallmark of these electroactive biofilms is electronic heterogeneity, mediated by coordinated interactions between the conductive pili and matrix-associated cytochromes. Collectively, the matrix-associated electron carriers discharge respiratory electrons from cells in multilayered biofilms to electron-accepting surfaces such as iron oxide coatings and electrodes poised at a metabolically oxidizable potential. The presence of pilus nanowires in the electroactive biofilms also promotes the immobilization and reduction of soluble metals, even when present at toxic concentrations. This review summarizes current knowledge about the composition of the electroactive biofilm matrix and the mechanisms that allow the wired Geobacter biofilms to generate electrical currents and participate in metal redox transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Reguera
- Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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38
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Lebedev N, Stroud RM, Yates MD, Tender LM. Spatially Resolved Chemical Analysis of Geobacter sulfurreducens Cell Surface. ACS NANO 2019; 13:4834-4842. [PMID: 30943001 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Geobacter sulfurreducens is of interest for the highest efficiency of power generation and extremely long extracellular electron transfer (EET) between the bacterium and electrodes. Despite more than 15 years of intensive molecular biological research, there is still no clear answer which molecules are responsible for these processes. In the present work, we look at the problem from another (atomic) perspective and identify the location and shape of the compounds that are known to be conductive, particularly those containing Fe atoms. By using highly sophisticated energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy combined with high-angle annular dark-field transmission electron microscopy enabling detection, identification, and localization of chemical compounds on the surface at nearly atomic spatial resolution, we analyze Fe spatial distribution within the G. sulfurreducens community. We discover the presence of small Fe-containing particles on the surface of the bacterium cells. The size of the particles (diameter 5.6 nm) is highly reproducible and comparable with the size of a single protein. The particles cover about 2% of the cell surface, which is similar to that expected for molecular conductors responsible for electron transfer through the bacterium cell wall. We find that G. sulfurreducens filaments ("bacterial molecular wires") also contain Fe atoms in their bundles. We observe that the bacterium enable changing the distance between the Fe-containing bundles in the filaments from separated to attached (the latter is needed for the efficient electron transfer between the Fe-containing particles), depending on the bacterium metabolic activity and attachment to extracellular substrates. These results are consistent with the recently published research about the role of Fe atoms in protein molecular conductance ( Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. , 2018 , 20 , 14072 - 14081 ) and show what type of Fe-containing particles are involved in the bacterial extracellular communication. They can be used for the design and construction of artificial biomolecular wires and bioinorganic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Lebedev
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Rhonda M Stroud
- Materials Science and Technology Division , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Matthew D Yates
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
| | - Leonard Martin Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , DC 20375 , United States
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39
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Schrott GD, Bonanni PS, Busalmen JP. Open circuit potentiometry reports on internal redox states of cells in G. Sulfurreducens biofilms. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Li D, Li J, Liu D, Ma X, Cheng L, Li W, Qian C, Mu Y, Yu H. Potential regulates metabolism and extracellular respiration of electroactiveGeobacterbiofilm. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:961-971. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dao‐Bo Li
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Dong‐Feng Liu
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Lei Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Wen‐Wei Li
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Yang Mu
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
| | - Han‐Qing Yu
- Department of Applied ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei China
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41
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Jiang Z, Zhang D, Zhou L, Deng D, Duan M, Liu Y. Enhanced catalytic capability of electroactive biofilm modified with different kinds of carbon nanotubes. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1035:51-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Ma Y, Kang J, Liu Y. Isolation and characterization of an exoelectrogenic strain CL-1 from soil and electron transfer mechanism by linking electrochemistry and spectroscopy. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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43
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Golden J, Yates MD, Halsted M, Tender L. Application of electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (ESPR) to the study of electroactive microbial biofilms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25648-25656. [PMID: 30289415 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03898h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical surface plasmon resonance (ESPR) monitors faradaic processes optically by the change in refractive index that occurs with a change in redox state at the electrode surface. Here we apply ESPR to investigate the anode-grown Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilm (GSB), a model system used to study electroactive microbial biofilms (EABFs) which perform electrochemical reactions using electrodes as metabolic electron acceptors or donors. A substantial body of evidence indicates that electron transfer reactions among hemes of c-type cytochromes (c-Cyt) play major roles in the extracellular electron transfer (EET) pathways that connect intracellular metabolic processes of cells in an EABF to the electrode surface. The results reported here reveal that when the potential of the electrode is changed from relatively oxidizing (0.40 V vs. SHE) to reducing (-0.55 V vs. SHE) and then back to oxidizing, 70% of c-Cyt residing closest to the biofilm/electrode (within hundreds of nm from the electrode surface) appear to remain trapped in the reduced state, requiring as long as 12 hours to be re-oxidized. c-Cyt storing electrons cannot contribute to EET, yet turnover current resulting from cellular oxidation of acetate coupled with EET to the electrode surface is unaffected. This suggests that a relatively small fraction of c-Cyt residing closest to the biofilm/electrode interface is involved in EET while the majority store electrons. The results also reveal that biomass density at the biofilm/electrode interface increases rapidly during lag phase, reaching its maximum value at the onset of exponential biofilm growth when turnover current begins to rapidly increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Golden
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington DC, 20375, USA.
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Thermodynamic and functional characterization of the periplasmic triheme cytochrome PpcA from Geobacter metallireducens. Biochem J 2018; 475:2861-2875. [PMID: 30072494 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Geobacter metallireducens bacterium can couple the oxidation of a wide range of compounds to the reduction of several extracellular electron acceptors, including pollutants or electrode surfaces for current production in microbial fuel cells. For these reasons, G. metallireducens are of interest for practical biotechnological applications. The use of such electron acceptors relies on a mechanism that permits electrons to be transferred to the cell exterior. The cytochrome PpcA from G. metallireducens is a member of a family composed of five periplasmic triheme cytochromes, which are important to bridge the electron transfer from the cytoplasmic donors to the extracellular acceptors. Using NMR and visible spectroscopic techniques, a detailed thermodynamic characterization of PpcA was obtained, including the determination of the heme reduction potentials and their redox and redox-Bohr interactions. These parameters revealed unique features for PpcA from G. metallireducens compared with other triheme cytochromes from different microorganisms, namely the less negative heme reduction potentials and concomitant functional working potential ranges. It was also shown that the order of oxidation of the hemes is pH-independent, but the protein is designed to couple e-/H+ transfer exclusively at physiological pH.
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Wen J, He D, Yu Z, Zhou S. In situ detection of microbial c-type cytochrome based on intrinsic peroxidase-like activity using screen-printed carbon electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 113:52-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Teixeira LR, Dantas JM, Salgueiro CA, Cordas CM. Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the outer membrane cytochrome OmcF, a key protein for extracellular electron transfer in Geobacter sulfurreducens. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:1132-1137. [PMID: 30048624 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Gene knock-out studies on Geobacter sulfurreducens have shown that the monoheme c-type cytochrome OmcF is essential for the extracellular electron transfer pathways involved in the reduction of iron and uranium oxy-hydroxides, as well as, on electricity production in microbial fuel cells. A detailed electrochemical characterization of OmcF was performed for the first time, allowing attaining kinetics and thermodynamic data. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant was determined at pH 7 (0.16 ± 0.01 cm s-1) indicating that the protein displays high electron transfer efficiency compared to other monoheme cytochromes. The pH dependence of the redox potential indicates that the protein has an important redox-Bohr effect in the physiological pH range for G. sulfurreducens growth. The analysis of the structures of OmcF allowed us to assign the redox-Bohr centre to the side chain of His47 residue and its pKa values in the reduced and oxidized states were determined (pKox = 6.73; pKred = 7.55). The enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy associated with the redox transaction were calculated, pointing the reduced form of the cytochrome as the most favourable. The data obtained indicate that G. sulfurreducens cells evolved to warrant a down-hill electron transfer from the periplasm to the outer-membrane associated cytochrome OmcF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Teixeira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Joana M Dantas
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Salgueiro
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Cristina M Cordas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Cai X, Huang L, Yang G, Yu Z, Wen J, Zhou S. Transcriptomic, Proteomic, and Bioelectrochemical Characterization of an Exoelectrogen Geobacter soli Grown With Different Electron Acceptors. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1075. [PMID: 29963016 PMCID: PMC6013743 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of Geobacter species to transfer electrons outside cells enables them to play an important role in biogeochemical and bioenergy processes. Our knowledge of the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process in the genus Geobacter is mainly from the study of G. sulfurreducens, and in order to fully investigate the EET mechanisms in the genus Geobacter, other Geobacter species should also be considered. This study focused on the EET of Geobacter soli GSS01, which exhibited a capability of reducing insoluble Fe(III) oxides and generating electrical current comparable with G. sulfurreducens PCA. Electrochemical characterization, including cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical in situ FTIR spectra, revealed that different redox proteins contributed to the electrochemical behaviors of G. soli and G. sulfurreducens. Based on comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, OmcS was the most upregulated protein in both G. soli and G. sulfurreducens cells grown with insoluble Fe(III) oxides vs. soluble electron acceptor. However, the proteins including OmcE and PilA that were previously reported as being important for EET in G. sulfurreducens were downregulated or unchanged in G. soli cells grown with insoluble electron acceptors vs. soluble electron acceptor, and many proteins that were upregulated in G. soli cells grown with insoluble electron acceptors vs. soluble electron acceptor, such as OmcN, are not important for EET in G. sulfurreducens. We also identified 30 differentially expressed small RNAs (sRNAs) in G. soli cells grown with different acceptors. Taken together, these findings help to understand the versatile EET mechanisms that exist in the genus Geobacter and point to the possibility of sRNA in modulating EET gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Cai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lingyan Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiqin Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junlin Wen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Dantas JM, Ferreira MR, Catarino T, Kokhan O, Pokkuluri PR, Salgueiro CA. Molecular interactions between Geobacter sulfurreducens triheme cytochromes and the redox active analogue for humic substances. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:619-630. [PMID: 29777686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens can transfer electrons to quinone moieties of humic substances or to anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), a model for the humic acids. The reduced form of AQDS (AH2QDS) can also be used as energy source by G. sulfurreducens. Such bidirectional utilization of humic substances confers competitive advantages to these bacteria in Fe(III) enriched environments. Previous studies have shown that the triheme cytochrome PpcA from G. sulfurreducens has a bifunctional behavior toward the humic substance analogue. It can reduce AQDS but the protein can also be reduced by AH2QDS. Using stopped-flow kinetic measurements we were able to demonstrate that other periplasmic members of the PpcA-family in G. sulfurreducens (PpcB, PpcD and PpcE) also showed the same behavior. The extent of the electron transfer is thermodynamically controlled favoring the reduction of the cytochromes. NMR spectra recorded for 13C,15N-enriched samples in the presence increasing amounts of AQDS showed perturbations in the chemical shift signals of the cytochromes. The chemical shift perturbations on cytochromes backbone NH and 1H heme methyl signals were used to map their interaction regions with AQDS, showing that each protein forms a low-affinity binding complex through well-defined positive surface regions in the vicinity of heme IV (PpcB, PpcD and PpcE) and I (PpcE). Docking calculations performed using NMR chemical shift perturbations allowed modeling the interactions between AQDS and each cytochrome at a molecular level. Overall, the results obtained provided important structural-functional relationships to rationalize the microbial respiration of humic substances in G. sulfurreducens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana M Dantas
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marisa R Ferreira
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Teresa Catarino
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica - António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Oleksandr Kokhan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA
| | - P Raj Pokkuluri
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Carlos A Salgueiro
- UCIBIO-Requimte, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Yates MD, Barr Engel S, Eddie BJ, Lebedev N, Malanoski AP, Tender LM. Redox-gradient driven electron transport in a mixed community anodic biofilm. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:4990946. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Yates
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Sarah Barr Engel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 220 Hollister Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Brian J Eddie
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Nikolai Lebedev
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Anthony P Malanoski
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Leonard M Tender
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
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Microbial nanowires - Electron transport and the role of synthetic analogues. Acta Biomater 2018; 69:1-30. [PMID: 29357319 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer is central to cellular life, from photosynthesis to respiration. In the case of anaerobic respiration, some microbes have extracellular appendages that can be utilised to transport electrons over great distances. Two model organisms heavily studied in this arena are Shewanella oneidensis and Geobacter sulfurreducens. There is some debate over how, in particular, the Geobacter sulfurreducens nanowires (formed from pilin nanofilaments) are capable of achieving the impressive feats of natural conductivity that they display. In this article, we outline the mechanisms of electron transfer through delocalised electron transport, quantum tunnelling, and hopping as they pertain to biomaterials. These are described along with existing examples of the different types of conductivity observed in natural systems such as DNA and proteins in order to provide context for understanding the complexities involved in studying the electron transport properties of these unique nanowires. We then introduce some synthetic analogues, made using peptides, which may assist in resolving this debate. Microbial nanowires and the synthetic analogues thereof are of particular interest, not just for biogeochemistry, but also for the exciting potential bioelectronic and clinical applications as covered in the final section of the review. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Some microbes have extracellular appendages that transport electrons over vast distances in order to respire, such as the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens. There is significant debate over how G. sulfurreducens nanowires are capable of achieving the impressive feats of natural conductivity that they display: This mechanism is a fundamental scientific challenge, with important environmental and technological implications. Through outlining the techniques and outcomes of investigations into the mechanisms of such protein-based nanofibrils, we provide a platform for the general study of the electronic properties of biomaterials. The implications are broad-reaching, with fundamental investigations into electron transfer processes in natural and biomimetic materials underway. From these studies, applications in the medical, energy, and IT industries can be developed utilising bioelectronics.
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