1
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Ying P, Hod O, Urbakh M. Superlubric Graphullerene. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:10599-10604. [PMID: 39158098 PMCID: PMC11363119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Graphullerene (GF), an extended quasi-two-dimensional network of C60 molecules, is proposed as a multicontact platform for constructing superlubric interfaces with layered materials. Such interfaces are predicted to present very small and comparable sliding energy corrugation regardless of the identity of the underlying flat layered material surface. It is shown that, beyond the geometrical effect, covalent interlinking between the C60 molecules results in reduction of the sliding energy barrier. For extended GF supercells, negligible sliding energy barriers are found along all sliding directions considered, even when compared to the case of the robust superlubric graphene/h-BN heterojunction. This suggests that multicontact architectures can be used to design ultrasuperlubric interfaces, where superlubricity may persist under extreme sliding conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Ying
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School
of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences,
and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Oded Hod
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School
of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences,
and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Michael Urbakh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School
of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences,
and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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2
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Hod O, Urbakh M. Uncovering the secrets of hidden twists. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad215. [PMID: 37645681 PMCID: PMC10461782 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oded Hod
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Michael Urbakh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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3
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Wang H, Wang S, Zhang S, Zhu M, Ouyang W, Li Q. Deducing the internal interfaces of twisted multilayer graphene via moiré-regulated surface conductivity. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad175. [PMID: 37484999 PMCID: PMC10361741 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The stacking state of atomic layers critically determines the physical properties of twisted van der Waals materials. Unfortunately, precise characterization of the stacked interfaces remains a great challenge as they are buried internally. With conductive atomic force microscopy, we show that the moiré superlattice structure formed at the embedded interfaces of small-angle twisted multilayer graphene (tMLG) can noticeably regulate surface conductivity even when the twisted interfaces are 10 atomic layers beneath the surface. Assisted by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, a theoretical model is proposed to correlate surface conductivity with the sequential stacking state of the graphene layers of tMLG. The theoretical model is then employed to extract the complex structure of a tMLG sample with crystalline defects. Probing and visualizing the internal stacking structures of twisted layered materials is essential for understanding their unique physical properties, and our work offers a powerful tool for this via simple surface conductivity mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mengzhen Zhu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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4
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Dong R, Lunghi A, Sanvito S. Stiffness and Atomic-Scale Friction in Superlubricant MoS 2 Bilayers. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6086-6091. [PMID: 37358918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations, performed with chemically accurate ab initio machine-learning force fields, are used to demonstrate that layer stiffness has profound effects on the superlubricant state of two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. We engineer bilayers of different rigidity but identical interlayer sliding energy surface and show that a 2-fold increase in the intralayer stiffness reduces the friction by a factor of ∼6. Two sliding regimes as a function of the sliding velocity are found. At a low velocity, the heat generated by the motion is efficiently exchanged between the layers and the friction is independent of the layer order. In contrast, at a high velocity, the friction heat flux cannot be exchanged fast enough and a buildup of significant temperature gradients between the layers is observed. In this situation, the temperature profile depends on whether the slider is softer than the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Dong
- School of Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alessandro Lunghi
- School of Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Stefano Sanvito
- School of Physics, AMBER and CRANN Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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5
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Panizon E, Silva A, Cao X, Wang J, Bechinger C, Vanossi A, Tosatti E, Manini N. Frictionless nanohighways on crystalline surfaces. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1299-1316. [PMID: 36545940 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of friction at nano-scales, ruled by the regular arrangement of atoms, is surprisingly incomplete. Here we provide a unified understanding by studying the interlocking potential energy of two infinite contacting surfaces with arbitrary lattice symmetries, and extending it to finite contacts. We categorize, based purely on geometrical features, all possible contacts into three different types: a structurally lubric contact where the monolayer can move isotropically without friction, a corrugated and strongly interlocked contact, and a newly discovered directionally structurally lubric contact where the layer can move frictionlessly along one specific direction and retains finite friction along all other directions. This novel category is energetically stable against rotational perturbations and provides extreme friction anisotropy. The finite-size analysis shows that our categorization applies to a wide range of technologically relevant materials in contact, from adsorbates on crystal surfaces to layered two-dimensional materials and colloidal monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Panizon
- Fachbereich Physik, University Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Silva
- CNR-IOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali, c/o SISSA, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Xin Cao
- Fachbereich Physik, University Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jin Wang
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Vanossi
- CNR-IOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali, c/o SISSA, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erio Tosatti
- CNR-IOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali, c/o SISSA, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Manini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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6
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Cao W, Hod O, Urbakh M. Interlayer Registry Dictates Interfacial 2D Material Ferroelectricity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57492-57499. [PMID: 36519727 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We discover that the complex ferroelectric response of layered materials toward interlayer sliding is fully dictated by the interlayer lattice registry. Importantly, the entire sliding polarization landscape of two-dimensional (2D) layered material interfaces is fully described via a simple and intuitive geometric measure, termed the polarization registry index (PRI), that quantifies the degree of interlayer commensurability. Beyond the understanding of the fundamental origin of 2D ferroelectricity, the developed tool also provides highly efficient characterization and rationalization of existing experimental and computational evidence of 2D interfacial ferroelectricity, as well as the prediction of emergent controllable polarization in new noncentrosymmetric layered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Oded Hod
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Michael Urbakh
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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7
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Zhou X, Chen P, Xu RG, Zhang C, Zhang J. Interfacial friction of vdW heterostructures affected by in-plane strain. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 34:015708. [PMID: 36174390 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac962a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial properties of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures dominate the durability and function of their booming practical and potential applications such as opoelectronic devices, superconductors and even pandemics research. However, the strain engineering modulates of interlayer friction of vdW heterostructures consisting of two distinct materials are still unclear, which hinders the applications of vdW heterostructures, as well as the design of solid lubricant and robust superlubricity. In the present paper, a molecular model between a hexagonal graphene flake and a rectangular SLMoS2sheet is established, and the influence of biaxial and uniaxial strain on interlayer friction is explored by molecular dynamics. It is found that the interlayer friction is insensitive to applied strains. Strong robustness of superlubricity between distinct layers is owed to the structure's intrinsic incommensurate characteristics and the existence of Moiré pattern. In engineering practice, it is of potential importance to introduce two distinct 2D materials at the sliding contact interface to reduce the interfacial friction of the contact pair and serve as ideal solid lubricants. Our research provides a further basis to explore the nanotribology and strain engineering of 2D materials and vdW heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210016, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Guang Xu
- School of Engineering & Applied Science, The George Washington University, Washington DC, WA-20052, United States of America
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, 050043, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People's Republic of China
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8
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Gao H, Müser MH. Structural lubricity of physisorbed gold clusters on graphite and its breakdown: Role of boundary conditions and contact lines. Front Chem 2022; 10:935008. [PMID: 36118319 PMCID: PMC9470919 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.935008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The sliding motion of gold slabs adsorbed on a graphite substrate is simulated using molecular dynamics. The central quantity of interest is the mean lateral force, that is, the kinetic friction rather than the maximum lateral forces, which correlates with the static friction. For most setups, we find Stokesian damping to resist sliding. However, velocity-insensitive (Coulomb) friction is observed for finite-width slabs sliding parallel to the armchair direction if the bottom-most layer of the three graphite layers is kept at zero stress rather than at zero displacement. Although the resulting kinetic friction remains much below the noise produced by the erratic fluctuations of (conservative) forces typical for structurally lubric contacts, the nature of the instabilities leading to Coulomb friction could be characterized as quasi-discontinuous dynamics of the Moiré patterns formed by the normal displacements near a propagating contact line. It appears that the interaction of graphite with the second gold layer is responsible for the symmetry break occurring at the interface when a contact line moves parallel to the armchair rather than to the zigzag direction.
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9
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Oz A, Dutta D, Nitzan A, Hod O, Koren E. Edge State Quantum Interference in Twisted Graphitic Interfaces. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102261. [PMID: 35285174 PMCID: PMC9108635 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Zigzag edges in graphitic systems exhibit localized electronic states that drastically affect their properties. Here, room-temperature charge transport experiments across a single graphitic interface are reported, in which the interlayer current is confined to the contact edges. It is shown that the current exhibits pronounced oscillations of up to ≈40 µA with a dominant period of ≈5 Å with respect to lateral displacement that do not directly correspond to typical graphene lattice spacing. The origin of these features is computationally rationalized as quantum mechanical interference of localized edge states showing significant amplitude and interlayer coupling variations as a function of the interface stacking configuration. Such interference effects may therefore dominate the transport properties of low-dimensional graphitic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Oz
- Department of Physical ChemistrySchool of ChemistryThe Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials ScienceTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Debopriya Dutta
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- Department of Physical ChemistrySchool of ChemistryThe Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials ScienceTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19103USA
| | - Oded Hod
- Department of Physical ChemistrySchool of ChemistryThe Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials ScienceTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv6997801Israel
| | - Elad Koren
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Technion Energy ProgramTechnion – Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
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10
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Cao W, Hod O, Urbakh M. Interlayer Registry Index of Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3353-3359. [PMID: 35394797 PMCID: PMC9140326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the fascinating electronic properties of twisted transition metal dichalcogenides, we extend the registry index approach to quantify the interlayer commensurability of homogeneous and heterogeneous interfaces of MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2. The developed geometric measure provides quantitative information about their sliding energy landscape with vast mechanical and tribological implications. Furthermore, the registry index is highly suitable for characterizing surface reconstruction in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide interfaces that dictates their intricate electronic and ferroelectric properties. The simple and intuitive nature of the registry index marks it as a powerful computational tool for studying the fascinating physical phenomena demonstrated by these materials.
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11
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Wei N, Li Z, Li ZH, Zhang C, Wang C, Zhao J, Cai K. A heat and force locating sensor with nanoscale precision: a knitted graphene sheet. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5826-5833. [PMID: 33710203 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08829c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fast and accurately locating the heating or force bearing points is essential to the maintenance and diagnosis of nano/micro-electromechanical systems. Here, a knitted graphene sheet (KGS), prepared by knitting graphene nanoribbons, is proposed as a heat or force sensor to locate the spot with nanoscale precision under thermal or mechanical loadings. The heat flux transport among the ribbons in the KGS is more difficult than in the ribbon due to the weaker van der Waals interactions among ribbons, so the heat energy can be restricted in the directly loaded ribbons over a period of time. Molecular dynamics results demonstrate that the KGS can efficiently locate and evaluate the spots and sizes of heat/force sources with high accuracy dependent on the width of the ribbons in the KGS. Our research provides a new detection approach and sheds light on designing and assembling KGS-based nanosensors for locating thermal and mechanical loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China.
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12
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Chouhan A, Sarkar TK, Kumari S, Vemuluri S, Khatri OP. Synergistic lubrication performance by incommensurately stacked ZnO-decorated reduced graphene oxide/MoS 2 heterostructure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:730-739. [PMID: 32712478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Incommensurate stacking between two different types of two-dimensional layered materials furnished the weak interfacial interaction due to the mismatch of their lattice structure, which can be harnessed for development of new generation lubricant additives. Herein, a facile approach is presented to synthesize the ZnO-decorated reduced graphene oxide/MoS2 (Gr-MS-Zn) nanosheets. The Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic, Raman, and transmission electron microscopic analyses confirmed the preparation of Gr-MS-Zn heterostructure. The MoS2 nanosheets having 3-7 molecular lamellae are thoroughly distributed over the graphene skeleton via weak interfacial interaction. The curved and bent structure of MoS2 nanosheets grown over the graphene lamellae subsidized the cohesive interaction and furnished the stable dispersion of Gr-MS-Zn in the fully formulated engine oil. The minute dose of Gr-MS-Zn as a nano-additive to engine oil significantly enhanced the tribological performance between the steel-steel tribopair by decreasing the friction (37%) and the wear volume (87%). The microscopic and spectroscopic analyses revealed the formation of a Gr-MS-Zn-based surface protective tribo thin film of low shear strength. The enhanced tribo performance is collectively attributed to (a) uninterrupted supply of ultrathin Gr-MS-Zn nanosheets to tribo-interfaces, (b) stable dispersion of Gr-MS-Zn, and (c) the significantly low shear strength, arising from weak interfacial interaction between the incommensurately stacked graphene and MoS2 nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Chouhan
- CSIR -Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Tarun K Sarkar
- CSIR -Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Sangita Kumari
- CSIR -Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Srikanth Vemuluri
- CSIR -Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Om P Khatri
- CSIR -Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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13
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Ndukwu MC, Ikechukwu-Edeh CE, Nwakuba NR, Okosa I, Horsefall IT, Orji FN. Nanomaterials application in greenhouse structures, crop processing machinery, packaging materials and agro-biomass conversion. MATERIALS SCIENCE FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 2020; 3:690-699. [PMID: 33604530 PMCID: PMC7416747 DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of nanomaterials has flagged off crucial research and innovations in science and engineering. Its unique properties and diverse applications present it as the material for the future. The aim of this study is to presents the relative applications of nanomaterial in some aspects of agriculture production. The study discussed nanotechnology applicability in climate control and photosynthesis in the greenhouse farming, hydroponic systems, solar drying, fabrication of crop processing machine components, oxygen scavengers in crop packaging, and micro-organism stimulant in anaerobic digestion for agro biomass conversion. Some highlights from the review revealed that Nanotechnology can be applied to increase water surface area to volume ratio and heat transfer in the air moving into a greenhouse farming. Water cluster can be changed when treated with nanoparticles through ultraviolet absorption spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy resulting in lower micelles to manipulate water delivery in green house farming. Nano-fluids or Nano-composites can be used to recombine the reactive parts of thermal storage materials after broken at elevated temperature to recover the stored heat for drying purpose during the off-sunshine periods in solar drying of crops. Nanomaterials can be a source of electroluminescence light in hydroponic system and act as coatings and surface hardener in crop processing machinery for post-harvest machines. The reviewed work showed that nanotechnologies has good prospect in adding value in agricultural production in the aspects discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Ndukwu
- Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - C E Ikechukwu-Edeh
- Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - N R Nwakuba
- Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - I Okosa
- Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - I T Horsefall
- Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Nigeria
| | - F N Orji
- Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Nigeria
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14
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Song Y, Qu C, Ma M, Zheng Q. Structural Superlubricity Based on Crystalline Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1903018. [PMID: 31670482 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, structural superlubricity, a fascinating phenomenon where the friction is ultralow due to the lateral interaction cancellation resulted from incommensurate contact crystalline surfaces, is reviewed. Various kinds of nano- and microscale materials such as 2D materials, metals, and compounds are used for the fabrication. For homogeneous frictional pairs, superlow friction forces exist in most relative orientations with incommensurate configuration. Heterojunctions bear no resemblance to homogeneous contact, since the lattice constants are naturally mismatched which leads to a robust structural superlubricity with any orientation of the two different surfaces. A discussion on the perspectives of this field is also provided to meet the existing challenges and chart the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Cangyu Qu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Quanshui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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15
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Tian J, Yin X, Li J, Qi W, Huang P, Chen X, Luo J. Tribo-Induced Interfacial Material Transfer of an Atomic Force Microscopy Probe Assisting Superlubricity in a WS 2/Graphene Heterojunction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4031-4040. [PMID: 31889443 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Robust superlubricity of 2D materials could be obtained by transferring graphene on the tip surface for the formation of interlayer friction of heterojunction, owing to the availability of stable interfacial incommensurate contact. Nevertheless, the material transfer mechanisms assisting superlubricity via atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe are still hardly comprehended. In this work, we reported a superlow friction coefficient (0.003) of the WS2/graphene heterojunction governed by graphene flake-transferred AFM tips and achieved a superlubricity state of velocity independence. Both low adhesion of the heterojunction and excellent wear-resistance for tip were also observed, which were attributed to the extremely low interface interaction during the incommensurate contact. The in-depth investigation on the frictional contact zones of probes was performed through high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The observations emphasize the prevailing mechanisms of tribo-induced interfacial material transfer when AFM probes scan on the surface of 2D materials. The evolution of the superlubricity state principally depends on the establishment of interfacial nanostructures in the self-adaptive running-in period, by different contact mechanics and tribo-reconstructing pathways. These results stimulate a technical route to develop superlubricious tribopairs of 2D materials and guide a promising perspective in the engineering system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisen Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jinjin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Wei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xinchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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16
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Khajeh A, Chen Z, Kim SH, Martini A. Effect of Ambient Chemistry on Friction at the Basal Plane of Graphite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:40800-40807. [PMID: 31578847 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Graphite is widely used as a solid lubricant due to its layered structure, which enables ultralow friction. However, the lubricity of graphite is affected by ambient conditions and previous studies have shown a sharp contrast between frictional behavior in vacuum or dry environments compared to humid air. Here, we studied the effect of organic gaseous species in the environment, specifically comparing the adsorption of phenol and pentanol vapor. Atomic force microscopy experiments and reactive molecular dynamics simulations showed that friction was larger with phenol than with pentanol. The simulation results were analyzed to test multiple hypotheses to explain the friction difference, and it was found that mechanically driven chemical bonding between the tip and phenol molecules plays a critical role. Bonding increases the number of phenol molecules in the contact, which increases the adhesion as well as the number of atoms in registry with the topmost graphene layer acting as a pinning site to resist sliding. The findings of this research provide insight into how the chemistry of the operating environment can affect the frictional behavior of graphite and layered materials more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Khajeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California Merced , 5200 N. Lake Road , Merced , California 95343 , United States
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Seong H Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Research Institute , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Ashlie Martini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of California Merced , 5200 N. Lake Road , Merced , California 95343 , United States
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17
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Structural superlubricity and ultralow friction across the length scales. Nature 2018; 563:485-492. [PMID: 30464268 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Structural superlubricity, a state of ultralow friction and wear between crystalline surfaces, is a fundamental phenomenon in modern tribology that defines a new approach to lubrication. Early measurements involved nanometre-scale contacts between layered materials, but recent experimental advances have extended its applicability to the micrometre scale. This is an important step towards practical utilization of structural superlubricity in future technological applications, such as durable nano- and micro-electromechanical devices, hard drives, mobile frictionless connectors, and mechanical bearings operating under extreme conditions. Here we provide an overview of the field, including its birth and main achievements, the current state of the art and the challenges to fulfilling its potential.
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18
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Ouyang W, Mandelli D, Urbakh M, Hod O. Nanoserpents: Graphene Nanoribbon Motion on Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Materials. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6009-6016. [PMID: 30109806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate snake-like motion of graphene nanoribbons atop graphene and hexagonal boron nitride ( h-BN) substrates using fully atomistic nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The sliding dynamics of the edge-pulled nanoribbons is found to be determined by the interplay between in-plane ribbon elasticity and interfacial lattice mismatch. This results in an unusual dependence of the friction-force on the ribbon's length, exhibiting an initial linear rise that levels-off above a junction-dependent threshold value dictated by the pre-slip stress distribution within the slider. As part of this letter, we present the LAMMPS implementation of the registry-dependent interlayer potentials for graphene, h-BN, and their heterojunctions that were used herein, which provides enhanced performance and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengen Ouyang
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 6997801 , Israel
| | - Davide Mandelli
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 6997801 , Israel
| | - Michael Urbakh
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 6997801 , Israel
| | - Oded Hod
- School of Chemistry and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 6997801 , Israel
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19
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Liu Y, Song A, Xu Z, Zong R, Zhang J, Yang W, Wang R, Hu Y, Luo J, Ma T. Interlayer Friction and Superlubricity in Single-Crystalline Contact Enabled by Two-Dimensional Flake-Wrapped Atomic Force Microscope Tips. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7638-7646. [PMID: 30060665 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b09083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interlayer friction between the atomic planes of 2D materials and heterostructures is a promising probe of the physics in their interlayer couplings and superlubricity. However, it is still challenging to measure the interlayer friction between well-defined 2D layers. We propose an approach of thermally assisted mechanical exfoliation and transfer to fabricate various 2D flake-wrapped atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips and to directly measure the interlayer friction between 2D flakes in single-crystalline contact. First, superlubricity between different 2D flakes and layered bulk materials is achieved with a friction coefficient as low as 10-4. The rotation angle dependence of superlubricity is observed for friction between graphite layers, whereas it is not observed between graphite and h-BN because of the incommensurate contact of the mismatched lattices. Second, the interlayer lateral force map between ReS2 layers is measured with atomic resolution, showing hexagonal patterns, as further verified by theoretical simulations. The tribological system constructed here offers an experimental platform to study interlayer couplings and friction between 2D flakes and layered bulk materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Aisheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ruilong Zong
- National Center of Electron Spectroscopy in Beijing , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzhong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
| | - TianBao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , People's Republic of China
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20
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Dietzel D, Wijn ASD, Vorholzer M, Schirmeisen A. Friction fluctuations of gold nanoparticles in the superlubric regime. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:155702. [PMID: 29460852 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaac21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Superlubricity, or alternatively termed structural (super)lubrictiy, is a concept where ultra-low friction is expected at the interface between sliding surfaces if these surfaces are incommensurate and thus unable to interlock. In this work, we now report on sudden, reversible, friction changes that have been observed during AFM-based nanomanipulation experiments of gold nanoparticles sliding on highly oriented pyrolythic graphite. These effects can be explained by rotations of the gold nanoparticles within the concept of structural superlubricity, where the occurrence of ultra-low friction can depend extremely sensitively on the relative orientation between the slider and the substrate. From our theoretical simulations it will become apparent how even miniscule magnitudes of rotation are compatible to the observed effects and how size and shape of the particles can influence the dependence between friction and relative orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Dietzel
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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21
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Irving BJ, Nicolini P, Polcar T. On the lubricity of transition metal dichalcogenides: an ab initio study. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5597-5607. [PMID: 28406512 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00925a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Owing to specific characteristics engendered by their lamellar structures, transition metal dichalcogenides are posited as being some of the best dry lubricants available. Herein, we report a density functional investigation into the sliding properties and associated phenomena of these materials. Calculated potential energy and charge transfer profiles are used to highlight the dependence of shear strength on chemical composition and bilayer orientation (sliding direction). Furthermore, our calculations underscore the intrinsic relationship between incommensurate crystals and the oft-touted superlubric behaviour of molybdenum disulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Irving
- Department of Control Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Karlovo Náměstí 13, 121 35 Prague, Czech Republic.
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22
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Brandimarte P, Engelund M, Papior N, Garcia-Lekue A, Frederiksen T, Sánchez-Portal D. A tunable electronic beam splitter realized with crossed graphene nanoribbons. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4974895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brandimarte
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Mads Engelund
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nick Papior
- Institut Catala de Nanociencia i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Aran Garcia-Lekue
- Donostia International Physics Center, DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Thomas Frederiksen
- Donostia International Physics Center, DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Portal
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center, DIPC, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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23
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Robust microscale superlubricity under high contact pressure enabled by graphene-coated microsphere. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14029. [PMID: 28195130 PMCID: PMC5316838 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Superlubricity of graphite and graphene has aroused increasing interest in recent years. Yet how to obtain a long-lasting superlubricity between graphene layers, under high applied normal load in ambient atmosphere still remains a challenge but is highly desirable. Here, we report a direct measurement of sliding friction between graphene and graphene, and graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) under high contact pressures by employing graphene-coated microsphere (GMS) probe prepared by metal-catalyst-free chemical vapour deposition. The exceptionally low and robust friction coefficient of 0.003 is accomplished under local asperity contact pressure up to 1 GPa, at arbitrary relative surface rotation angles, which is insensitive to relative humidity up to 51% RH. This ultralow friction is attributed to the sustainable overall incommensurability due to the multi-asperity contact covered with randomly oriented graphene nanograins. This realization of microscale superlubricity can be extended to the sliding between a variety of two-dimensional (2D) layers.
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24
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Leven I, Guerra R, Vanossi A, Tosatti E, Hod O. Multiwalled nanotube faceting unravelled. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:1082-1086. [PMID: 27548359 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanotubes show great promise for miniaturizing advanced technologies. Their exceptional physical properties are intimately related to their morphological and crystal structure. Circumferential faceting of multiwalled nanotubes reinforces their mechanical strength and alters their tribological and electronic properties. Here, the nature of this important phenomenon is fully rationalized in terms of interlayer registry patterns. Regardless of the nanotube identity (that is, diameter, chirality, chemical composition), faceting requires the matching of the chiral angles of adjacent layers. Above a critical diameter that corresponds well with experimental results, achiral multiwalled nanotubes display evenly spaced extended axial facets whose number equals the interlayer difference in circumferential unit cells. Elongated helical facets, commonly observed in experiment, appear in nanotubes that exhibit small interlayer chiral angle mismatch. When the wall chiralities are uncorrelated, faceting is suppressed and outer layer corrugation, which is induced by the Moiré superlattice, is obtained in agreement with experiments. Finally, we offer an explanation for the higher incidence of faceting in multiwalled boron nitride nanotubes with respect to their carbon-based counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itai Leven
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Roberto Guerra
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM Democritos National Simulation Center, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Vanossi
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM Democritos National Simulation Center, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erio Tosatti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM Democritos National Simulation Center, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Oded Hod
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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25
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Leven I, Maaravi T, Azuri I, Kronik L, Hod O. Interlayer Potential for Graphene/h-BN Heterostructures. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:2896-905. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itai Leven
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational
Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tal Maaravi
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational
Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ido Azuri
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department
of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel
| | - Oded Hod
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly
Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational
Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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26
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Ouyang W, Ma M, Zheng Q, Urbakh M. Frictional Properties of Nanojunctions Including Atomically Thin Sheets. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:1878-1883. [PMID: 26829154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and a coarse-grained description of a system, we have investigated frictional properties of nanojunctions including atomically thin sheets embedded between metal surfaces. We found that the frictional properties of the junctions are determined by the interplay between the lattice mismatch of the contacting surfaces and out-of-plane displacements of the sheet. The simulations provide insight into how and why the frictional characteristics of the nanojunctions are affected by the commensurate-incommensurate transition. We demonstrated that in order to achieve a superlow friction, the graphene sheet should be grown on or transferred to the surface with morphology, which is close to that of the graphene (for instance, Cu), while the second confining surface should be incommensurate with the graphene (e.g., Au). Our results suggest an avenue for controlling nanoscale friction in layered materials and provide insights in the design of heterojunctions for nanomechanical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming Ma
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | - Michael Urbakh
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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27
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Mendonça ACF, Goujon F, Malfreyt P, Tildesley DJ. Monte Carlo simulations of the static friction between two grafted polymer brushes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6164-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07374j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A configurational bias Monte Carlo method has been developed to calculate the static friction between two grafted polymer brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Goujon
- Clermont Université
- Université Blaise Pascal
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand
- UMR CNRS 6296
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
| | - Patrice Malfreyt
- Clermont Université
- Université Blaise Pascal
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand
- UMR CNRS 6296
- F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand
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28
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Gao W, Tkatchenko A. Sliding mechanisms in multilayered hexagonal boron nitride and graphene: the effects of directionality, thickness, and sliding constraints. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:096101. [PMID: 25793829 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.096101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The interlayer sliding potential of multilayered hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene is investigated using density-functional theory including many-body van der Waals (vdW) interactions. We find that interlayer sliding constraints can be employed to tune the contribution of electrostatic interactions and dispersive forces to the sliding energy profile, ultimately leading to different sliding pathways in these two materials. In this context, vdW interactions are found to contribute more to the interlayer sliding potential of polar h-BN than they do in nonpolar graphene. In particular, the binding energy, the interlayer distance, and the friction force are found to depend sensitively on the number of layers. By comparing with the experimental findings, we identify sliding pathways which rationalize the observed reduced friction for thicker multilayers and provide quantitative explanation for the anisotropy of the friction force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gao
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Ansari N, Nazari F, Illas F. Theoretical study of electronic and tribological properties of h-BNC2/graphene, h-BNC2/h-BN and h-BNC2/h-BNC2bilayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:12908-18. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00381d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory methods are used to investigate the interlayer sliding energy landscape, binding energy and interlayer spacing between h-BNC2/graphene (I), h-BNC2/h-BN (II) and h-BNC2/h-BNC2(III) bilayer structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Ansari
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences
- Zanjan 45137-66731
- Iran
| | - Fariba Nazari
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences
- Zanjan 45137-66731
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
| | - Francesc Illas
- Departament de Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB)
- Universitat de Barcelona
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
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30
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Kochhar GS, Heverly-Coulson GS, Mosey NJ. Theoretical Approaches for Understanding the Interplay Between Stress and Chemical Reactivity. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2015; 369:37-96. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2015_648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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