1
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Glaser T, Adamkiewicz A, Heep J, Höfer U, Dürr M. Chemoselective Adsorption of Allyl Ethers on Si(001): How the Interaction between Two Functional Groups Controls the Reactivity and Final Products of a Surface Reaction. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7168-7174. [PMID: 38967830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Selective adsorption of multifunctional molecules is rarely observed when the different functional groups react via nonactivated reaction channels. Although the latter is also the case for ether cleavage and the adsorption of C=C double bonds on the highly reactive Si(001) surface, we find that allyl ethers, which combine both functional groups, react on Si(001) selectively via the cleavage of the molecules' ether group. In addition, our XPS measurements at 90, 150, and 300 K indicate an increased reactivity of the ether group when compared to monofunctional ethers. STM investigations furthermore reveal different final adsorption configurations after ether cleavage of allyl methyl ether when compared to diethyl ether as the monofunctional reference molecule. The interaction of the two functional groups in one molecule thus leads to new reaction channels with higher reactivity for ether cleavage on Si(001). As a further consequence, the reactivity of the C=C double bond is suppressed up to room temperature, leading to the observed selective adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Glaser
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexa Adamkiewicz
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Julian Heep
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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2
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Nam JW, Lee HK, Kim BS, Gwag JS, Kim Y, Youn YS. Adsorption behavior of furan at Ge(100) surface. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8155. [PMID: 37208472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption behavior of furan on the Ge(100) surface was studied using a combination of high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We identified the two adsorption species produced by the [4 + 2] cycloaddition and deoxygenation reactions of furan with the Ge(100) surface in a ratio of approximately 76:24 at the surveyed coverages, via an analysis of the binding energies and relative area proportions of all the peaks in the C 1s and O 1s core-level spectra. The DFT simulation results revealed that the [4 + 2] cycloaddition and deoxygenation adducts are thermodynamically preferred by the reaction of furan with the Ge(100) surface compared with others, which is consistent with the HRPES results. The findings will further our understanding of the surface reactions of five-membered heterocyclic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Woo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Koo Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Seon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seog Gwag
- Department of Physics, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sang Youn
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Drozdowska K, Rehman A, Sai P, Stonio B, Krajewska A, Dub M, Kacperski J, Cywiński G, Haras M, Rumyantsev S, Österlund L, Smulko J, Kwiatkowski A. Organic Vapor Sensing Mechanisms by Large-Area Graphene Back-Gated Field-Effect Transistors under UV Irradiation. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3094-3101. [PMID: 36121758 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The gas sensing properties of graphene back-gated field-effect transistor (GFET) sensors toward acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, and chloroform vapors were investigated with the focus on unfolding possible gas detection mechanisms. The FET configuration of the sensor device enabled gate voltage tuning for enhanced measurements of changes in DC electrical characteristics. Electrical measurements were combined with a fluctuation-enhanced sensing methodology and intermittent UV irradiation. Distinctly different features in 1/f noise spectra for the organic gases measured under UV irradiation and in the dark were observed. The most intense response observed for tetrahydrofuran prompted the decomposition of the DC characteristic, revealing the photoconductive and photogating effect occurring in the graphene channel with the dominance of the latter. Our observations shed light on understanding surface processes at the interface between graphene and volatile organic compounds for graphene-based sensors in ambient conditions that yield enhanced sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Drozdowska
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adil Rehman
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pavlo Sai
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Stonio
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Krajewska
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maksym Dub
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Kacperski
- Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, Sokołowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cywiński
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Haras
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergey Rumyantsev
- CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lars Österlund
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 35, 75103 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Janusz Smulko
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kwiatkowski
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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4
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Alkyne-Functionalized Cyclooctyne on Si(001): Reactivity Studies and Surface Bonding from an Energy Decomposition Analysis Perspective. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216653. [PMID: 34771062 PMCID: PMC8586998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactivity and bonding of an ethinyl-functionalized cyclooctyne on Si(001) is studied by means of density functional theory. This system is promising for the organic functionalization of semiconductors. Singly bonded adsorption structures are obtained by [2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of the cyclooctyne or ethinyl group with the Si(001) surface. A thermodynamic preference for adsorption with the cyclooctyne group in the on-top position is found and traced back to minimal structural deformation of the adsorbate and surface with the help of energy decomposition analysis for extended systems (pEDA). Starting from singly bonded structures, a plethora of reaction paths describing conformer changes and consecutive reactions with the surface are discussed. Strongly exothermic and exergonic reactions to doubly bonded structures are presented, while small reaction barriers highlight the high reactivity of the studied organic molecule on the Si(001) surface. Dynamic aspects of the competitive bonding of the functional groups are addressed by ab initio molecular dynamics calculations. Several trajectories for the doubly bonded structures are obtained in agreement with calculations using the nudged elastic band approach. However, our findings disagree with the experimental observations of selective adsorption by the cyclooctyne moiety, which is critically discussed.
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5
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Park S, Kim KJ, Nam JW, Youn YS. Reaction Behaviors of S-, O-, and N-containing Aliphatic Molecules with a Propyl Moiety on Ge(100) Surface. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1722-1726. [PMID: 34101975 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The reaction pathways of 1-propanethiol, 1-propanol, and propylamine molecules, containing a propyl moiety, on a Ge(100) surface were investigated using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Upon analysis of the HRPES data, the adsorption of 1-propanethiol and 1-propanol was found to occur through a dissociation reaction, whereas that of propylamine took place via N dative bonding at room temperature. On the basis of our DFT results, adsorption geometries and transition states for each of these molecules on the Ge(100) surface were confirmed. Systematic studies of S-, O-, and N-containing molecules, composed of an identical propyl moiety, on the Ge(100) surface provide insight into the adsorption mechanism of aliphatic molecules containing alkyl chains on the Ge(100) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjune Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jeong Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 80 Jigokro 127-beongil, Namgu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sang Youn
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
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6
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Adamkiewicz A, Bohamud T, Reutzel M, Höfer U, Dürr M. Tip-induced β-hydrogen dissociation in an alkyl group bound on Si(001). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:344004. [PMID: 34111848 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac0a1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atomic-scale chemical modification of surface-adsorbed ethyl groups on Si(001) was induced and studied by means of scanning tunneling microscopy. Tunneling at sample bias >+1.5 V leads to tip-induced C-H cleavage of aβ-hydrogen of the covalently bound ethyl configuration. The reaction is characterized by the formation of an additional Si-H and a Si-C bond. The reaction probability shows a linear dependence on the tunneling current at 300 K; the reaction is largely suppressed at 50 K. The observed tip-induced surface reaction at room temperature is thus attributed to a one-electron excitation in combination with thermal activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adamkiewicz
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - T Bohamud
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - M Reutzel
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - U Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - M Dürr
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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7
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Glaser T, Meinecke J, Freund L, Länger C, Luy JN, Tonner R, Koert U, Dürr M. Click Chemistry in Ultra-high Vacuum - Tetrazine Coupling with Methyl Enol Ether Covalently Linked to Si(001). Chemistry 2021; 27:8082-8087. [PMID: 33848381 PMCID: PMC8252806 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The additive‐free tetrazine/enol ether click reaction was performed in ultra‐high vacuum (UHV) with an enol ether group covalently linked to a silicon surface: Dimethyl 1,2,4,5‐tetrazine‐3,6‐dicarboxylate molecules were coupled to the enol ether group of a functionalized cyclooctyne which was adsorbed on the silicon (001) surface via the strained triple bond of cyclooctyne. The reaction was observed at a substrate temperature of 380 K by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A moderate energy barrier was deduced for this click reaction in vacuum by means of density functional theory based calculations, in good agreement with the experimental results. This UHV‐compatible click reaction thus opens a new, flexible route for synthesizing covalently bound organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Glaser
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jannick Meinecke
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Freund
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Länger
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan-Niclas Luy
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Current address:, Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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8
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Bohamud T, Höfer U, Dürr M. Adsorption dynamics of bifunctional molecules: Allyl methyl ether on Si(001). J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124708. [PMID: 33810652 DOI: 10.1063/5.0045955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction dynamics of allyl methyl ether (AME) on Si(001) was studied by means of molecular beam techniques. The reaction of this bifunctional molecule comprising an ether and an alkene group was found to proceed via an intermediate state as deduced from the temperature dependence of the initial sticking probability s0. At constant surface temperature Ts, s0 decreases continuously with increasing kinetic energy Ekin, indicating a non-activated adsorption channel. Qualitatively and quantitatively, the energy dependence is almost identical to the adsorption dynamics of diethyl ether on Si(001). We attribute this to a similar nature of the intermediate state, which largely determines the adsorption dynamics. In consequence, this indicates a predominant role of the ether group and a minor influence of the C=C double bond on the adsorption dynamics of AME on Si(001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamam Bohamud
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Fachbereich Physik and Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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9
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Glaser T, Meinecke J, Länger C, Luy JN, Tonner R, Koert U, Dürr M. Combined XPS and DFT investigation of the adsorption modes of methyl enol ether functionalized cyclooctyne on Si(001). Chemphyschem 2021; 22:404-409. [PMID: 33259128 PMCID: PMC7986196 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of methyl enol ether functionalized cyclooctyne on the silicon (001) surface was investigated by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT). Three different groups of final states were identified; all of them bind on Si(001) via the strained triple bond of cyclooctyne but they differ in the configuration of the methyl enol ether group. The majority of molecules adsorbs without additional reaction of the enol ether group; the relative contribution of this configuration to the total coverage depends on substrate temperature and coverage. Further configurations include enol ether groups which reacted on the silicon surface either via ether cleavage or enol ether groups which transformed on the surface into a carbonyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Glaser
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jannick Meinecke
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032, Germany
| | - Christian Länger
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan-Niclas Luy
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032, Germany.,Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.,Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032, Germany.,Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.,Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Koert
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35032, Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik and Zentrum für Materialforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
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10
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Park S, Kim KJ, Youn YS. Ring-Opening Reaction of Tetrahydrofuran on Ge(100) Surface. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22926-22930. [PMID: 32954141 PMCID: PMC7495728 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption structures and reaction mechanism of tetrahydrofuran on a Ge(100) surface were investigated through high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy (HRPES) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. On the basis of our analysis of the HRPES spectra, two adsorption species consisting of a major Ge-(CH2)4-O-Ge structure formed via a ring-opening reaction and a minor molecularly adsorbed structure formed via O dative bonding were identified. Our DFT results provided not only the optimized adsorption structures and their corresponding adsorption energies but also the level of the transition state for the pathway from the molecularly adsorbed species to the major adsorption structure. The results confirmed that the adsorption of tetrahydrofuran on the Ge(100) surface is under both kinetic and thermodynamic controls. Our discovery of the ring-opening reaction is an unprecedented result in the field of Ge(100) surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjune Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-jeong Kim
- Pohang
Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University
of Science and Technology, San 31 Hyojadong, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sang Youn
- Department
of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Republic of Korea
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11
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Bohamud T, Reutzel M, Dürr M, Höfer U. Dynamics of proton transfer reactions on silicon surfaces: OH-dissociation of methanol and water on Si(001). J Chem Phys 2019; 150:224703. [PMID: 31202240 DOI: 10.1063/1.5092804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction dynamics of methanol and water on Si(001) were investigated by means of molecular beam techniques. The initial sticking probability s0 was determined as a function of the kinetic energy of the incoming molecules, Ekin, and surface temperature, Ts. For both, methanol and water, a nonactivated reactional channel was observed; the dynamics were found to be determined by the reaction into the datively bonded intermediate state. A low conversion barrier was deduced for the conversion from this intermediate into the final state. It is attributed to the reaction mechanism, which proceeds via proton transfer from the OH-group of the datively bonded molecules to a Si surface atom. Despite this low conversion barrier, adsorption into the intermediate and further reaction via proton transfer were found to be largely decoupled.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bohamud
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - M Reutzel
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - M Dürr
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - U Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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12
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Mette G, Adamkiewicz A, Reutzel M, Koert U, Dürr M, Höfer U. Controlling an S N
2 Reaction by Electronic and Vibrational Excitation: Tip-Induced Ether Cleavage on Si(001). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Mette
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Alexa Adamkiewicz
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Marcel Reutzel
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ulrich Koert
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik; Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Ulrich Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
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13
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Mette G, Adamkiewicz A, Reutzel M, Koert U, Dürr M, Höfer U. Controlling an SN
2 Reaction by Electronic and Vibrational Excitation: Tip-Induced Ether Cleavage on Si(001). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3417-3420. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Mette
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Alexa Adamkiewicz
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Marcel Reutzel
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ulrich Koert
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Institut für Angewandte Physik; Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Ulrich Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Renthof 5 35032 Marburg Germany
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14
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Pecher L, Tonner R. Deriving bonding concepts for molecules, surfaces, and solids with energy decomposition analysis for extended systems. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pecher
- Fachbereich Chemie Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie and Material Sciences Center Philipps‐Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
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15
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Pecher L, Tonner R. Computational analysis of the competitive bonding and reactivity pattern of a bifunctional cyclooctyne on Si(001). Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Pecher L, Laref S, Raupach M, Tonner R. Ether auf Si(001): Ein Paradebeispiel für die Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen Oberflächenwissenschaften und organischer Molekülchemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pecher
- Fachbereich Chemie und WZMW; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Slimane Laref
- Fachbereich Chemie und WZMW; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE); Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabien
| | - Marc Raupach
- Fachbereich Chemie und WZMW; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie und WZMW; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35032 Marburg Deutschland
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17
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Pecher L, Laref S, Raupach M, Tonner R. Ethers on Si(001): A Prime Example for the Common Ground between Surface Science and Molecular Organic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15150-15154. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pecher
- Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences Center; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Slimane Laref
- Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences Center; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
- Current address: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST); Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE); Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Marc Raupach
- Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences Center; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences Center; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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18
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Zhang X, Wang CG, Ji W, Ptasinska S. Evolution of CH3NO2/Si interfacial chemistry under reaction conditions: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3342-3345. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09961k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dissociative adsorption of CH3NO2 onto a Si(100)-2 × 1 surface is studied using ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Zhang
- Radiation Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
| | - Chen-Guang Wang
- Department of Physics
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Physics
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices
- Beijing 100872
- China
| | - Sylwia Ptasinska
- Radiation Laboratory
- Department of Physics
- University of Notre Dame
- Notre Dame
- USA
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19
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Pecher L, Tonner R. Precursor States of Organic Adsorbates on Semiconductor Surfaces are Chemisorbed and Immobile. Chemphyschem 2016; 18:34-38. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201601129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Pecher
- Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences Centre Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Material Sciences Centre Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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20
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Stegmüller A, Werner K, Reutzel M, Beyer A, Rosenow P, Höfer U, Stolz W, Volz K, Dürr M, Tonner R. Surface Chemistry of tert-
Butylphosphine (TBP) on Si(001) in the Nucleation Phase of Thin-Film Growth. Chemistry 2016; 22:14920-14928. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stegmüller
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Katharina Werner
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Marcel Reutzel
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Phil Rosenow
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ulrich Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Stolz
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Kerstin Volz
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6 35032 Marburg Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Physik; Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Ralf Tonner
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
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21
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Schweizer JI, Scheibel MG, Diefenbach M, Neumeyer F, Würtele C, Kulminskaya N, Linser R, Auner N, Schneider S, Holthausen MC. A Disilene Base Adduct with a Dative Si-Si Single Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1782-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia I. Schweizer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Markus G. Scheibel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Felix Neumeyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Natalia Kulminskaya
- Department NMR-Based Structural Biology; Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Rasmus Linser
- Department NMR-Based Structural Biology; Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Norbert Auner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
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22
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Schweizer JI, Scheibel MG, Diefenbach M, Neumeyer F, Würtele C, Kulminskaya N, Linser R, Auner N, Schneider S, Holthausen MC. A Disilene Base Adduct with a Dative Si-Si Single Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia I. Schweizer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Markus G. Scheibel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Felix Neumeyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Natalia Kulminskaya
- Department NMR-Based Structural Biology; Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Rasmus Linser
- Department NMR-Based Structural Biology; Max-Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry; Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Norbert Auner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Georg-August-Universität; Tammannstraße 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Goethe-Universität; Max-von-Laue-Straße 7 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
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23
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Reutzel M, Lipponer M, Dürr M, Höfer U. Binding Energy and Dissociation Barrier: Experimental Determination of the Key Parameters of the Potential Energy Curve of Diethyl Ether on Si(001). J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3971-3975. [PMID: 26722901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The key parameters of the potential energy curve of organic molecules on semiconductor surfaces, binding energy of the intermediate state and dissociation barrier, were experimentally investigated for the model system of diethyl ether (Et2O) on Si(001). Et2O adsorbs via a datively bonded intermediate from which it converts via ether cleavage into a covalently attached final state. This thermally activated conversion into the final state was followed in real-time by means of optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) at different temperatures and the associated energy barrier ϵa = 0.38 ± 0.05 eV and pre-exponential factor νa = 10(4±1) s(-1) were determined. From molecular beam experiments on the initial sticking probability, the difference between the desorption energy ϵd and ϵa was extracted and thus the binding energy of the intermediate state was determined (0.62 ± 0.08 eV). The results are discussed in terms of general chemical trends as well as with respect to a wider applicability on adsorbate reactions on semiconductor surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Reutzel
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität , D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Lipponer
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität , D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Dürr
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität , D-35032 Marburg, Germany
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen , D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Höfer
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität , D-35032 Marburg, Germany
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24
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Lipponer M, Dürr M, Höfer U. Adsorption dynamics of tetrahydrofuran on Si(0 0 1) studied by means of molecular beam techniques. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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