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Othman A, Gowda A, Andreescu D, Hassan MH, Babu SV, Seo J, Andreescu S. Two decades of ceria nanoparticle research: structure, properties and emerging applications. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:3213-3266. [PMID: 38717455 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00055b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeNPs) are versatile materials with unique and unusual properties that vary depending on their surface chemistry, size, shape, coating, oxidation states, crystallinity, dopant, and structural and surface defects. This review encompasses advances made over the past twenty years in the development of CeNPs and ceria-based nanostructures, the structural determinants affecting their activity, and translation of these distinct features into applications. The two oxidation states of nanosized CeNPs (Ce3+/Ce4+) coexisting at the nanoscale level facilitate the formation of oxygen vacancies and defect states, which confer extremely high reactivity and oxygen buffering capacity and the ability to act as catalysts for oxidation and reduction reactions. However, the method of synthesis, surface functionalization, surface coating and defects are important factors in determining their properties. This review highlights key properties of CeNPs, their synthesis, interactions, and reaction pathways and provides examples of emerging applications. Due to their unique properties, CeNPs have become quintessential candidates for catalysis, chemical mechanical planarization (CMP), sensing, biomedical applications, and environmental remediation, with tremendous potential to create novel products and translational innovations in a wide range of industries. This review highlights the timely relevance and the transformative potential of these materials in addressing societal challenges and driving technological advancements across these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Othman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, USA.
| | - Akshay Gowda
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, USA.
| | - Daniel Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, USA.
| | - Mohamed H Hassan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, USA.
| | - S V Babu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, USA.
| | - Jihoon Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, USA.
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, USA.
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2
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Alvandi M, Shaghaghi Z, Farzipour S, Marzhoseyni Z. Radioprotective Potency of Nanoceria. Curr Radiopharm 2024; 17:138-147. [PMID: 37990425 DOI: 10.2174/0118744710267281231104170435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Cancer presents a significant medical challenge that requires effective management. Current cancer treatment options, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, have limitations in terms of their efficacy and the potential harm they can cause to normal tissues. In response, researchers have been focusing on developing adjuvants that can enhance tumor responses while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Among the promising options, nanoceria (NC), a type of nanoparticle composed of cerium oxide, has garnered attention for its potential to improve various cancer treatment regimens. Nanoceria has demonstrated its ability to exhibit toxicity towards cancer cells, inhibit invasion, and sensitize cancer cells to both radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The remarkable aspect is that nanoceria show minimal toxicity to normal tissues while protecting against various forms of reactive oxygen species generation. Its capability to enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy has also been observed. This paper thoroughly reviews the current literature on nanoceria's applications within different cancer treatment modalities, with a specific focus on radiotherapy. The emphasis is on nanoceria's unique role in enhancing tumor radiosensitization and safeguarding normal tissues from radiation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alvandi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Shaghaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soghra Farzipour
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Zeynab Marzhoseyni
- Department of Microbiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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3
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Couasnon T, Fritsch B, Jank MPM, Blukis R, Hutzler A, Benning LG. Goethite Mineral Dissolution to Probe the Chemistry of Radiolytic Water in Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301904. [PMID: 37439408 PMCID: PMC10477898 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy (LP-TEM) enables in situ observations of the dynamic behavior of materials in liquids at high spatial and temporal resolution. During LP-TEM, incident electrons decompose water molecules into highly reactive species. Consequently, the chemistry of the irradiated aqueous solution is strongly altered, impacting the reactions to be observed. However, the short lifetime of these reactive species prevent their direct study. Here, the morphological changes of goethite during its dissolution are used as a marker system to evaluate the influence of radiation on the changes in solution chemistry. At low electron flux density, the morphological changes are equivalent to those observed under bulk acidic conditions, but the rate of dissolution is higher. On the contrary, at higher electron fluxes, the morphological evolution does not correspond to a unique acidic dissolution process. Combined with kinetic simulations of the steady state concentrations of generated reactive species in the aqueous medium, the results provide a unique insight into the redox and acidity interplay during radiation induced chemical changes in LP-TEM. The results not only reveal beam-induced radiation chemistry via a nanoparticle indicator, but also open up new perspectives in the study of the dissolution process in industrial or natural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaïs Couasnon
- GFZ German Research Center for GeosciencesTelegrafenberg14473PotsdamGermany
| | - Birk Fritsch
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication EngineeringElectron DevicesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg91058ErlangenGermany
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringInstitute of Micro‐ and Nanostructure Research (IMN) and Center for Nanoanalysis and Electron Microscopy (CENEM)Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg91058ErlangenGermany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHHelmholtz Institute Erlangen‐Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK‐11)91058ErlangenGermany
| | - Michael P. M. Jank
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISBSchottkystr. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Roberts Blukis
- GFZ German Research Center for GeosciencesTelegrafenberg14473PotsdamGermany
- Leibniz‐Institut für KristallzüchtungMax‐Born Str. 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Andreas Hutzler
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Communication EngineeringElectron DevicesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg91058ErlangenGermany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHHelmholtz Institute Erlangen‐Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK‐11)91058ErlangenGermany
| | - Liane G. Benning
- GFZ German Research Center for GeosciencesTelegrafenberg14473PotsdamGermany
- Department of Earth SciencesFreie Universität Berlin12249BerlinGermany
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4
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Liu L, Chun J, Zhang X, Sassi M, Stack AG, Pearce CI, Clark SB, Rosso KM, De Yoreo JJ, Kimmel GA. Radiolysis and Radiation-Driven Dynamics of Boehmite Dissolution Observed by In Situ Liquid-Phase TEM. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5029-5036. [PMID: 35390256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, there have been several studies examining the radiation stability of boehmite and other aluminum oxyhydroxides, yet less is known about the impact of radiation on boehmite dissolution. Here, we investigate radiation effects on the dissolution behavior of boehmite by employing liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LPTEM) and varying the electron flux on the samples consisting of either single nanoplatelets or aggregated stacks. We show that boehmite nanoplatelets projected along the [010] direction exhibit uniform dissolution with a strong dependence on the electron dose rate. For nanoplatelets that have undergone oriented aggregation, we show that the dissolution occurs preferentially at the particles at the ends of the stacks that are more accessible to bulk solution than at the others inside the aggregate. In addition, at higher dose rates, electrostatic repulsion and knock-on damage from the electron beam causes delamination of the stacks and dissolution at the interfaces between particles in the aggregate, indicating that there is a threshold dose rate for electron-beam enhancement of dissolution of boehmite aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xin Zhang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Michel Sassi
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Andrew G Stack
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Carolyn I Pearce
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Sue B Clark
- Energy & Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - James J De Yoreo
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Greg A Kimmel
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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5
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van der Wal LI, Turner SJ, Zečević J. Developments and advances in in situ transmission electron microscopy for catalysis research. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00258a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments and advances in in situ TEM have raised the possibility to study every step during the catalysts' lifecycle. This review discusses the current state, opportunities and challenges of in situ TEM in the realm of catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars I. van der Wal
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Savannah J. Turner
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Jovana Zečević
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science
- Utrecht University
- Utrecht
- The Netherlands
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6
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Sung J, Choi BK, Kim B, Kim BH, Kim J, Lee D, Kim S, Kang K, Hyeon T, Park J. Redox-Sensitive Facet Dependency in Etching of Ceria Nanocrystals Directly Observed by Liquid Cell TEM. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18395-18399. [PMID: 31644272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Defining the redox activity of different surface facets of ceria nanocrystals is important for designing an efficient catalyst. Especially in liquid-phase reactions, where surface interactions are complicated, direct investigation in a native environment is required to understand the facet-dependent redox properties. Using liquid cell TEM, we herein observed the etching of ceria-based nanocrystals under the control of redox-governing factors. Direct nanoscale observation reveals facet-dependent etching kinetics, thus identifying the specific facet ({100} for reduction and {111} for oxidation) that governs the overall etching under different chemical conditions. Under each redox condition, the contribution of the predominant facet increases as the etching reactivity increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongbaek Sung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Back Kyu Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Byunghoon Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Institute of Advanced Materials , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Hyo Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Joodeok Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sungin Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Research Institute of Advanced Materials , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Republic of Korea
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7
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Kashin AS, Ananikov VP. Monitoring chemical reactions in liquid media using electron microscopy. Nat Rev Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-019-0133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Ambrožič B, Prašnikar A, Hodnik N, Kostevšek N, Likozar B, Rožman KŽ, Šturm S. Controlling the radical-induced redox chemistry inside a liquid-cell TEM. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8735-8743. [PMID: 32133124 PMCID: PMC6991189 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A holistically described radical-induced redox chemistry modelling allows for a direct assessment of the in situ experiments inside a liquid-cell TEM.
With Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy (LCTEM) we can observe the kinetic processes taking place in nanoscale materials that are in a solvated environment. However, the beam-driven solvent radiolysis, which results from the microscope's high-energy electron beam, can dramatically influence the dynamics of the system. Recent research suggests that radical-induced redox chemistry can be used to investigate the various redox-driven dynamics for a wide range of functional nanomaterials. In view of this, the interplay between the formation of various highly reactive radiolysis species and the nanomaterials under investigation needs to be quantified in order to formulate new strategies for nanomaterials research. We have developed a comprehensive radiolysis model by using the electron-dose rate, the temperature of the solvent, the H2 and O2 gas saturation concentrations and the pH values as the key variables. These improved kinetic models make it possible to simulate the material's specific radical-induced redox reactions. As in the case of the Au model system, the kinetic models are presented using Temperature/Dose-rate Redox potential (TDR) diagrams, which indicate the equilibrium [Au0]/[Au+] concentration ratios that are directly related to the temperature-/dose-rate-dependent precipitation or dissolution regions of the Au nanoparticles. Our radiolysis and radical-induced redox models were successfully verified using previously reported data from low-dose experiments with γ radiation and experimentally via TDR-dependent LCTEM. The presented study represents a holistic approach to the radical-induced redox chemistry in LCTEM, including the complex kinetics of the radiolysis species and their influence on the redox chemistry of the materials under investigation, which are represented here by Au nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Ambrožič
- Jožef Stefan Institute , Department for Nanostructured Materials , Jamova 39 , Ljubljana , Slovenia . .,Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School , Jamova 39 , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Anže Prašnikar
- National Institute of Chemistry , Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , Hajdrihova 19 , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Nejc Hodnik
- National Institute of Chemistry , Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , Hajdrihova 19 , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Nina Kostevšek
- Jožef Stefan Institute , Department for Nanostructured Materials , Jamova 39 , Ljubljana , Slovenia .
| | - Blaž Likozar
- National Institute of Chemistry , Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering , Hajdrihova 19 , Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Kristina Žužek Rožman
- Jožef Stefan Institute , Department for Nanostructured Materials , Jamova 39 , Ljubljana , Slovenia .
| | - Sašo Šturm
- Jožef Stefan Institute , Department for Nanostructured Materials , Jamova 39 , Ljubljana , Slovenia .
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9
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Zhu G, Reiner H, Cölfen H, De Yoreo JJ. Addressing some of the technical challenges associated with liquid phase S/TEM studies of particle nucleation, growth and assembly. Micron 2019; 118:35-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Caputo F, Giovanetti A, Corsi F, Maresca V, Briganti S, Licoccia S, Traversa E, Ghibelli L. Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Re-establish Cell Integrity Checkpoints and Apoptosis Competence in Irradiated HaCat Cells via Novel Redox-Independent Activity. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1183. [PMID: 30459604 PMCID: PMC6232693 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) are potent radical scavengers protecting cells from oxidative insults, including ionizing radiation. Here we show that CNPs prevent X-ray-induced oxidative imbalance reducing DNA breaks on HaCat keratinocytes, nearly abating mutagenesis. At the same time, and in spite of the reduced damage, CNPs strengthen radiation-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis outcome, dropping colony formation; notably, CNPs do not possess any intrinsic toxicity toward non-irradiated HaCat, indicating that they act on damaged cells. Thus CNPs, while exerting their antioxidant action, also reinforce the stringency of damage-induced cell integrity checkpoints, promoting elimination of the “tolerant” cells, being in fact radio-sensitizers. These two contrasting pathways are mediated by different activities of CNPs: indeed Sm-doped CNPs, which lack the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox switch and the correlated antioxidant action, fail to decrease radiation-induced superoxide formation, as expected, but surprisingly maintain the radio-sensitizing ability and the dramatic decrease of mutagenesis. The latter is thus attributable to elimination of damaged cells rather than decreased oxidative damage. This highlights a novel redox-independent activity of CNPs, allowing selectively eliminating heavily damaged cells through non-toxic mechanisms, rather reactivating endogenous anticancer pathways in transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Caputo
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Corsi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Licoccia
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Traversa
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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11
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Corsi F, Caputo F, Traversa E, Ghibelli L. Not Only Redox: The Multifaceted Activity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Front Oncol 2018; 8:309. [PMID: 30155442 PMCID: PMC6103310 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Much information is accumulating on the effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) as cell-protective agents, reducing oxidative stress through their unique ability of scavenging noxious reactive oxygen species via an energy-free, auto-regenerative redox cycle, where superoxides and peroxides are sequentially reduced exploiting the double valence (Ce3+/Ce4+) on nanoparticle surface. In vitro and in vivo studies consistently report that CNPs are responsible for attenuating and preventing almost any oxidative damage and pathology. Particularly, CNPs were found to exert strong anticancer activities, helping correcting the aberrant homeostasis of cancer microenvironment, normalizing stroma-epithelial communication, contrasting angiogenesis, and strengthening the immune response, leading to reduction of tumor mass in vivo. Since these homeostatic alterations are of an oxidative nature, their relief is generally attributed to CNPs redox activity. Other studies however reported that CNPs exert selective cytotoxic activity against cancer cells and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced apoptosis: such effects are hardly the result of antioxidant activity, suggesting that CNPs exert such important anticancer effects through additional, non-redox mechanisms. Indeed, using Sm-doped CNPs devoid of redox activity, we could recently demonstrate that the radio-sensitizing effect of CNPs on human keratinocytes is independent from the redox switch. Mechanisms involving particle dissolution with release of toxic Ce4+ atoms, or differential inhibition of the catalase vs. SOD-mimetic activity with accumulation of H2O2 have been proposed, explaining such intriguing findings only partially. Much effort is urgently required to address the unconventional mechanisms of the non-redox bioactivity of CNPs, which may provide unexpected medicinal tools against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Corsi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Fanny Caputo
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Traversa
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan, China
| | - Lina Ghibelli
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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12
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Song Z, Xie ZH. A literature review of in situ transmission electron microscopy technique in corrosion studies. Micron 2018; 112:69-83. [PMID: 29929172 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in corrosion investigation is foreseeing precisely how and where materials will degenerate in a designated condition owing to scarceness of accurate corrosion mechanisms. Recent fast development of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique makes it achievable to better understand the corrosion mechanism and physicochemical processes at the interfaces between samples and gases or electrolytes by dynamical capture the microstructural and chemical changes with high resolution within a realistic or near-realistic environment. However, a detailed and in-depth account summing up the development and latest achievements of in situ TEM techniques, especially the application of emerging liquid and electrochemical cells in the community of corrosion study in the last several years is lacking and is urgently needed for its heathy development. To fill this gap, this critical review summarizes firstly the key scientific issues in corrosion research, followed by introducing the configurations of several typical closed-type cells. Then, the achievements of in situ TEM using open-type or closed-type cells in corrosion study are presented in detail. The study directions in the future are commented finally in terms of spatial and temporal resolution, electron radiation, and linkage between microstructure and electrochemical performance in corrosion community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Song
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hui Xie
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, Sichuan, PR China; Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA.
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