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Pauk K, Luňák S, Machalický O, Perdih F, Vyňuchal J, Eliáš Z, Imramovský A. Four Slip-Stacked Arrangements, Three Types of Photophysics: Crystal Structure and Solid-State Fluorescence of 3,6-Diaryl Substituted Furo[3,4-c]furanone Polymorphs and Regioisomers. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300310. [PMID: 37477623 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Six symmetrical 3,6-diaryl (aryl=phenyl, 2-, 3- and 4-tolyl, 2,4- and 3,5-xylyl) substituted furo[3,4-c]furanones (DFF) were synthesized. The computational analysis, based on density functional theory, found eight possible centrosymmetrical slipped π-stack arrangements, formed according to electron repulsion minimization principle, as for previously reported for π-isoelectronic diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPP). One of these slipped stack arrangements was found to form infinite columns in the crystals of a new polymorph of parent phenyl derivative (with centre-to-centre distance CC=6.975 Å), other three types of stacks were found for 3-tolyl (CC=6.153 Å), 4-tolyl (CC=3.849 Å) and 2,4-xylyl (CC=4.856 Å) derivatives by single crystal X-ray diffractometry. All six derivatives show intense solution fluorescence in blue/green region, with a maximum driven entirely by a number and position of methyl substituents on phenyl rings. On the other hand, the solid-state fluorescence from yellow over orange to red is observed only for four derivatives and its presence/absence, spectral position and vibronic structure is driven exclusively by the slips in π-stacks (with interplanar distance always less than 3.5 Å) of almost planar DFF molecules, resulting in J-type emission, H-type excimer-like emission and H-type quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Pauk
- Department of Organic Technology Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Luňák
- Materials Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oldřich Machalický
- Department of Organic Technology Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Franc Perdih
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jan Vyňuchal
- Department of Organic Technology Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Synthesia a.s., Semtín 103, 532 17, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Eliáš
- Department of Organic Technology Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
- Farmak, a.s., Na vlčinci 16/3 Klašterní Hradisko, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Imramovský
- Department of Organic Technology Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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