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Marasli C, Katifelis H, Gazouli M, Lagopati N. Nano-Based Approaches in Surface Modifications of Dental Implants: A Literature Review. Molecules 2024; 29:3061. [PMID: 38999015 PMCID: PMC11243276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation of fully or partially edentulous patients with dental implants represents one of the most frequently used surgical procedures. The work of Branemark, who observed that a piece of titanium embedded in rabbit bone became firmly attached and difficult to remove, introduced the concept of osseointegration and revolutionized modern dentistry. Since then, an ever-growing need for improved implant materials towards enhanced material-tissue integration has emerged. There is a strong belief that nanoscale materials will produce a superior generation of implants with high efficiency, low cost, and high volume. The aim of this review is to explore the contribution of nanomaterials in implantology. A variety of nanomaterials have been proposed as potential candidates for implant surface customization. They can have inherent antibacterial properties, provide enhanced conditions for osseointegration, or act as reservoirs for biomolecules and drugs. Titania nanotubes alone or in combination with biological agents or drugs are used for enhanced tissue integration in dental implants. Regarding immunomodulation and in order to avoid implant rejection, titania nanotubes, graphene, and biopolymers have successfully been utilized, sometimes loaded with anti-inflammatory agents and extracellular vesicles. Peri-implantitis prevention can be achieved through the inherent antibacterial properties of metal nanoparticles and chitosan or hybrid coatings bearing antibiotic substances. For improved corrosion resistance various materials have been explored. However, even though these modifications have shown promising results, future research is necessary to assess their clinical behavior in humans and proceed to widespread commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysa Marasli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
| | - Hector Katifelis
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, 26335 Patra, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece (M.G.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Wu H, Chen X, Kong L, Liu P. Mechanical and Biological Properties of Titanium and Its Alloys for Oral Implant with Preparation Techniques: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6860. [PMID: 37959457 PMCID: PMC10649385 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dental implants have revolutionised restorative dentistry, offering patients a natural-looking and durable solution to replace missing or severely damaged teeth. Titanium and its alloys have emerged as the gold standard among the various materials available due to their exceptional properties. One of the critical advantages of titanium and its alloys is their remarkable biocompatibility which ensures minimal adverse reactions within the human body. Furthermore, they exhibit outstanding corrosion resistance ensuring the longevity of the implant. Their mechanical properties, including hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength, align perfectly with the demanding requirements of dental implants, guaranteeing the restoration's functionality and durability. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the manufacturing techniques employed for titanium and its alloy dental implants while shedding light on their intrinsic properties. It also presents crucial proof-of-concept examples, offering tangible evidence of these materials' effectiveness in clinical applications. However, despite their numerous advantages, certain limitations still exist necessitating ongoing research and development efforts. This review will briefly touch upon these restrictions and explore the evolving trends likely to shape the future of titanium and its alloy dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Liu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (H.W.); (X.C.); (L.K.)
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Pelinescu D, Anastasescu M, Bratan V, Maraloiu VA, Negrila C, Mitrea D, Calderon-Moreno J, Preda S, Gîfu IC, Stan A, Ionescu R, Stoica I, Anastasescu C, Zaharescu M, Balint I. Antibacterial Activity of PVA Hydrogels Embedding Oxide Nanostructures Sensitized by Noble Metals and Ruthenium Dye. Gels 2023; 9:650. [PMID: 37623105 PMCID: PMC10454060 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanostructured oxides (SiO2, TiO2) were synthesized using the sol-gel method and modified with noble metal nanoparticles (Pt, Au) and ruthenium dye to enhance light harvesting and promote the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species, namely singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radical (•OH). The resulting nanostructures were embedded in a transparent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel. Morphological and structural characterization of the bare and modified oxides was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Additionally, electrokinetic potential measurements were conducted. Crystallinity data and elemental analysis of the investigated systems were obtained through X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analyses, while the chemical state of the elements was determined using XPS. The engineered materials, both as simple powders and embedded in the hydrogel, were evaluated for their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) under visible and simulated solar light irradiation to establish a correlation with their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) by the samples under visible light exposure can be of significant importance for their potential use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pelinescu
- Faculty of Biology, Intrarea Portocalilor 1–3, Sector 5, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (D.P.); (I.S.)
| | - Mihai Anastasescu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Veronica Bratan
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Valentin-Adrian Maraloiu
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (V.-A.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Catalin Negrila
- National Institute of Materials Physics, 405A Atomistilor St., 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania; (V.-A.M.); (C.N.)
| | - Daiana Mitrea
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Jose Calderon-Moreno
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Silviu Preda
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Ioana Catalina Gîfu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian Stan
- Techir Cosmetics SRL, Plantelor Str., 907015 Agigea, Romania;
| | - Robertina Ionescu
- Faculty of Biology, Intrarea Portocalilor 1–3, Sector 5, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (D.P.); (I.S.)
| | - Ileana Stoica
- Faculty of Biology, Intrarea Portocalilor 1–3, Sector 5, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (D.P.); (I.S.)
| | - Crina Anastasescu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Maria Zaharescu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
| | - Ioan Balint
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.A.); (V.B.); (D.M.); (M.Z.); (I.B.)
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Application of 3D Printing in Bone Grafts. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060859. [PMID: 36980200 PMCID: PMC10047278 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of 3D printing in bone grafts is gaining in importance and is becoming more and more popular. The choice of the method has a direct impact on the preparation of the patient for surgery, the probability of rejection of the transplant, and many other complications. The aim of the article is to discuss methods of bone grafting and to compare these methods. This review of literature is based on a selective literature search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases from 2001 to 2022 using the search terms “bone graft”, “bone transplant”, and “3D printing”. In addition, we also reviewed non-medical literature related to materials used for 3D printing. There are several methods of bone grafting, such as a demineralized bone matrix, cancellous allograft, nonvascular cortical allograft, osteoarticular allograft, osteochondral allograft, vascularized allograft, and an autogenic transplant using a bone substitute. Currently, autogenous grafting, which involves removing the patient’s bone from an area of low aesthetic importance, is referred to as the gold standard. 3D printing enables using a variety of materials. 3D technology is being applied to bone tissue engineering much more often. It allows for the treatment of bone defects thanks to the creation of a porous scaffold with adequate mechanical strength and favorable macro- and microstructures. Bone tissue engineering is an innovative approach that can be used to repair multiple bone defects in the process of transplantation. In this process, biomaterials are a very important factor in supporting regenerative cells and the regeneration of tissue. We have years of research ahead of us; however, it is certain that 3D printing is the future of transplant medicine.
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Vandamme K, Thevissen K, Mesquita MF, Coropciuc RG, Agbaje J, Thevissen P, da Silva WJ, Vleugels J, De Cremer K, Gerits E, Martens JA, Michiels J, Cammue BPA, Braem A. Implant functionalization with mesoporous silica: A promising antibacterial strategy, but does such an implant osseointegrate? Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 7:502-511. [PMID: 33382539 PMCID: PMC8404489 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives New strategies for implant surface functionalization in the prevention of peri‐implantitis while not compromising osseointegration are currently explored. The aim of this in vivo study was to assess the osseointegration of a titanium‐silica composite implant, previously shown to enable controlled release of therapeutic concentrations of chlorhexidine, in the Göttingen mini‐pig oral model. Material and Methods Three implant groups were designed: macroporous titanium implants (Ti‐Porous); macroporous titanium implants infiltrated with mesoporous silica (Ti‐Porous + SiO2); and conventional titanium implants (Ti‐control). Mandibular last premolar and first molar teeth were extracted bilaterally and implants were installed. After 1 month healing, the bone in contact with the implant and the bone regeneration in the peri‐implant gap was evaluated histomorphometrically. Results Bone‐to‐implant contact and peri‐implant bone volume for Ti‐Porous versus Ti‐Porous + SiO2 implants did not differ significantly, but were significantly higher in the Ti‐Control group compared with Ti‐Porous + SiO2 implants. Functionalization of titanium implants via infiltration of a SiO2 phase into the titanium macropores does not seem to inhibit implant osseointegration. Yet, the importance of the implant macro‐design, in particular the screw thread design in a marginal gap implant surgery set‐up, was emphasized by the outstanding results of the Ti‐Control implant. Conclusions Next‐generation implants made of macroporous Ti infiltrated with mesoporous SiO2 do not seem to compromise the osseointegration process. Such implant functionalization may be promising for the prevention and treatment of peri‐implantitis given the evidenced potential of mesoporous SiO2 for controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katleen Vandamme
- Department of Oral Health Sciences & Restorative Dentistry, Biomaterials-BIOMAT, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcelo F Mesquita
- Department of Oral Health Sciences & Restorative Dentistry, Biomaterials-BIOMAT, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Ruxandra-Gabriella Coropciuc
- Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgery, Imaging & Pathology (OMFS-IMPATH), Department of Oral Health Sciences & Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jimoh Agbaje
- Oral and Maxillo-facial Surgery, Imaging & Pathology (OMFS-IMPATH), Department of Oral Health Sciences & Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Thevissen
- Forensic Odontology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wander José da Silva
- Department of Oral Health Sciences & Restorative Dentistry, Biomaterials-BIOMAT, KU Leuven & University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Jozef Vleugels
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaat De Cremer
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Centre of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Gerits
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan A Martens
- Centre of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bruno P A Cammue
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Centre of Plant Systems Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annabel Braem
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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