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Xue S, Tang H, Shen M, Liang X, Li X, Xing W, Yang C, Yu Z. Establishing Multiple-Order Built-In Electric Fields Within Heterojunctions to Achieve Photocarrier Spatial Separation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311937. [PMID: 38191131 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Hybridizing two heterocomponents to construct a built-in electric field (BIEF) at the interface represents a significant strategy for facilitating charge separation in carbon dioxide (CO2)-photoreduction. However, the unidirectional nature of BIEFs formed by various low-dimensional materials poses challenges in adequately segregating the photogenerated carriers produced in bulk. In this study, leveraging zinc oxide (ZnO) nanodisks, a sulfurization reaction is employed to fabricate Z-scheme ZnO/zinc sulfide (ZnS) heterojunctions featuring a multiple-order BIEF. These heterojunctions reveal distinctive interfacial structures characterized by two semicoherent phase boundaries. The cathodoluminescence 2D maps and density functional theory calculation results demonstrate that the direction of the multiple-order BIEF spans from ZnS to ZnO. This directional alignment significantly fosters the spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes within ZnS nanoparticles and enhances CO2-to-carbon monoxide photoreduction performance (3811.7 µmol h-1 g-1). The findings present a novel pathway for structurally designing BIEFs within heterojunctions, while providing fresh insights into the migratory behavior of photogenerated carriers across interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Chemical Engineering of China, College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Quanzhou, 362114, P. R. China
| | - Hao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Min Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Wandong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, P. R. China
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2
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Matei E, Șăulean AA, Râpă M, Constandache A, Predescu AM, Coman G, Berbecaru AC, Predescu C. ZnO nanostructured matrix as nexus catalysts for the removal of emerging pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:114779-114821. [PMID: 37919505 PMCID: PMC10682326 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30713-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution stands as a pressing global environmental concern, elevating the significance of innovative, dependable, and sustainable solutions. This study represents an extensive review of the use of photocatalytic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for the removal of emerging pollutants from water and wastewater. The study examines ZnO NPs' different preparation methods, including physical, chemical, and green synthesis, and emphasizes on advantages, disadvantages, preparation factors, and investigation methods for the structural and morphological properties. ZnO NPs demonstrate remarkable properties as photocatalysts; however, their small dimensions pose an issue, leading to potential post-use environmental losses. A strategy to overcome this challenge is scaling up ZnO NP matrices for enhanced stability and efficiency. The paper introduces novel ZnO NP composites, by incorporating supports like carbon and clay that serve as photocatalysts in the removal of emerging pollutants from water and wastewater. In essence, this research underscores the urgency of finding innovative, efficient, and eco-friendly solutions for the removal of emerging pollutants from wastewater and highlights the high removal efficiencies obtained when using ZnO NPs obtained from green synthesis as a photocatalyst. Future research should be developed on the cost-benefit analysis regarding the preparation methods, treatment processes, and value-added product regeneration efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecaterina Matei
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Andreea Șăulean
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Râpă
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Constandache
- Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andra Mihaela Predescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Coman
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Constantin Berbecaru
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Predescu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Ilickas M, Mardosaite R, Cesano F, Cravanzola S, Barolo C, Scarano D, Viscardi G, Rackauskas S. ZnO tetrapod morphology influence on UV sensing properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:015502. [PMID: 37748455 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acfcbf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate how ZnO tetrapod (ZnO-T) morphology, structure, and surface charge properties (i.e. Debye length) influence their UV sensing properties, shedding light on the underlying photoresponse mechanisms. ZnO-Ts were synthesized and centrifuged to obtain three different fractions with tuned morphology, which were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy microscopies, x-ray diffraction analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements, FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopies. ZnO-T UV sensors were fabricated and tested comparing among ZnO-T fractions and commercial ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO-T photoresponse was mostly influenced by ZnO-T leg diameter, with the optimal value close to the double Debye length. We also demonstrated how fractionating ZnO-Ts for morphology optimization can increased the responsivity by 2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, ZnO-T showed 3 orders of magnitude higher responsivity compared to commercial ZnO nanopowder. These results are beneficial for the engineering of efficient UV sensors and contribute to a deeper understanding the overall mechanism governing UV photoresponse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindaugas Ilickas
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Mardosaite
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu St. 50, 51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Federico Cesano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Cravanzola
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenica Scarano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Guido Viscardi
- Department of Chemistry, NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 7, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Simas Rackauskas
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Barsausko St. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu St. 50, 51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Mudring AV, Hammond O. Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectics as a Transformative Platform for the Synthesis of Nanomaterials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3865-3892. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06543b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are becoming a revolutionary synthesis medium for inorganic nanomaterials, permitting more efficient, safer and environmentally benign preparation of high quality products. A smart combination of ILs and...
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Verma S, Younis SA, Kim KH, Dong F. Anisotropic ZnO nanostructures and their nanocomposites as an advanced platform for photocatalytic remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125651. [PMID: 33770683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In pursuit of advanced heterogeneous photocatalysts, ZnO has emerged as a promising option for solar-driven heterogeneous photocatalyst with many advantageous properties (e.g., optical band structure and electronic properties). However, as the efficacy of such system can also be limited by a number of demerits (e.g., fast recombination of charge carriers and limited photon absorption), considerable efforts are needed for its effective and practical scale-up. This article provides a detailed literature review of the synthesis and modification of ZnO nanostructures with tuned band structures and controllable morphologies for solar light harvesting. The potential of anisotropic ZnO nanostructures is also discussed with respect to the photocatalytic degradation of organic/inorganic water pollutants. Further, the role of various metal dopants is discussed for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity along with evaluation of their photocatalytic performances under UV-visible or solar irradiation. Finally, our discussions are expanded to describe the prospects of developed ZnO nano-photocatalysts for real-world applications with respect to light-harvesting efficiency and mechanical stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Verma
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sherif A Younis
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Analysis and Evaluation Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Fan Dong
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), & Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China; State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon and Environmental Materials (CDLCEM), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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6
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Verma C, Ebenso EE, Quraishi M. Transition metal nanoparticles in ionic liquids: Synthesis and stabilization. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline ZnO Doped with Al3+ and Ni2+ by a Sol–Gel Method Coupled with Ultrasound Irradiation. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8110406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc oxide is one of the most important semiconducting metal oxides and one of the most promising n-type materials, but its practical use is limited because of both its high thermal conductivity and its low electrical conductivity. Numerous studies have shown that doping with metals in ZnO structures leads to the modification of the band gap energy. In this work, Al-doped ZnO, Ni-doped ZnO, and undoped ZnO nanocrystalline powders were prepared by a sol–gel method coupled with ultrasound irradiation, and the results show the influence of Al3+ and Ni2+ ions in the ZnO network. The doping concentrations in ZnO of 0.99 atom % for ZnO–Al and 0.80 atom % for ZnO–Ni were obtained by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman Spectroscopy showed a decreased intensity and broadening of main peaks, indicating metallic ions. The crystallite size of the sample was decreased from 24.5 nm (ZnO) to 22.0 nm (ZnO–Al) and 21 nm (ZnO–Ni). The textural and morphological properties were analyzed via Nitrogen Adsorption (BET method) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM).
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8
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Sharma RK, Chouryal YN, Nigam S, Saravanakumar J, Barik S, Ghosh P. Tuning the Crystal Phase and Morphology of the Photoluminescent Indium Sulphide Nanocrystals and Their Adsorption-Based Catalytic and Photocatalytic Applications. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University); Sagar-470003, M.P. India
| | - Yogendra Nath Chouryal
- Department of Chemistry; Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University); Sagar-470003, M.P. India
| | - Sandeep Nigam
- Chemistry Division; Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay; Mumbai-400085 India
| | - Jeganathan Saravanakumar
- Department of Chemistry; Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University); Sagar-470003, M.P. India
| | - Sunita Barik
- Department of Chemistry; Utkal University Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha; 751004 India
| | - Pushpal Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry; Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University); Sagar-470003, M.P. India
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9
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Kaur N, Raj P, Singh A, Singh N, Kim DY. A facile route to ionic liquids-functionalized ZnO nanorods for the fluorometric sensing of thiabendazole drug. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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A review on bio-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using plant extracts as reductants and stabilizing agents. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 183:201-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Wang FX, Yi XH, Wang CC, Deng JG. Photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction and organic-pollutant degradation in a stable 2D coordination polymer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62947-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Sharma RK, Chouryal YN, Chaudhari S, Saravanakumar J, Dey SR, Ghosh P. Adsorption-Driven Catalytic and Photocatalytic Activity of Phase Tuned In 2S 3 Nanocrystals Synthesized via Ionic Liquids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11651-11661. [PMID: 28290651 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phase tuned quantum confined In2S3 nanocrystals are accessible solvothermally using task-specific ionic liquids (ILs) as structure directing agents. Selective tuning of size, shape, morphology, and, most importantly, crystal phase of In2S3 is achieved by changing the alkyl side chain length, the H-bonding, and aromatic π-stacking ability of the 1-alkyl-3- methylimidazolium bromide ILs, [Cnmim]Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10). It is observed that crystallite size is significantly less when ILs are used compared to the synthesis without ILs keeping the other reaction parameters the same. At 150 °C, when no IL is used, pure tetragonal form of β-In2S3 appears however in the presence of [Cnmim]Br [n = 2,4], at the same reaction condition, a pure cubic phase crystallizes. However, in case of methylimidazolium bromides with longer pendant alkyl chains such as hexyl (C6), octyl (C8) or decyl (C10), nanoparticles of the tetragonal polymorph form. Likewise, judicious choice of reaction temperature and precursors has a profound effect to obtain phase pure and morphology controlled nanocrystals. Furthermore, the adsorption driven catalytic and photocatalytic activity of as-prepared nanosized indium sulfide is confirmed by studying the degradation of crystal violet (CV) dye in the presence of dark and visible light. A maximum of 94.8% catalytic efficiency is obtained for the In2S3 nanocrystals using tetramethylammonium bromide (TMAB) ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Sharma
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University (A Central University) , Sagar, M.P. 470003, India
| | - Yogendra Nath Chouryal
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University (A Central University) , Sagar, M.P. 470003, India
| | - Sushmita Chaudhari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad , Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Jeganathan Saravanakumar
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University (A Central University) , Sagar, M.P. 470003, India
| | - Suhash Ranjan Dey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad , Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Pushpal Ghosh
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University (A Central University) , Sagar, M.P. 470003, India
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14
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Husanu E, Cappello V, Pomelli CS, David J, Gemmi M, Chiappe C. Chiral ionic liquid assisted synthesis of some metal oxides. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25736d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A chiral ionic liquid with a natural alcohol based chain was used as a tailoring agent for the synthesis of simple and cost effective materials such as ZnO, CuO, CuO–ZnO with peculiar morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Husanu
- Dipartimento di Farmacia
- Università di Pisa
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Valentina Cappello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST
- Pisa
- Italy
| | | | - Jeremy David
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST
- Pisa
- Italy
| | - Mauro Gemmi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST
- Pisa
- Italy
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15
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Schaumann J, Loor M, Ünal D, Mudring A, Heimann S, Hagemann U, Schulz S, Maculewicz F, Schierning G. Improving the zT value of thermoelectrics by nanostructuring: tuning the nanoparticle morphology of Sb2Te3by using ionic liquids. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:656-668. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04323b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Morphology and thermoelectric properties of Sb2Te3nanoparticles synthesized in ionic liquids are controlled by the cation and anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schaumann
- Inorganic Chemistry III – Materials Synthesis and Characterization
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE)
| | - Manuel Loor
- Inorganic Chemistry III – Materials Synthesis and Characterization
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE)
| | - Derya Ünal
- Inorganic Chemistry III – Materials Synthesis and Characterization
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
| | - Anja Mudring
- Inorganic Chemistry III – Materials Synthesis and Characterization
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Stefan Heimann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE)
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- DE-45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Hagemann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Analytics on the Nanoscale (ICAN)
- NETZ
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- 47047 Duisburg
- Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE)
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- DE-45117 Essen
- Germany
| | - Franziska Maculewicz
- Faculty of Engineering and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE)
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- DE-47057 Duisburg
- Germany
| | - Gabi Schierning
- Faculty of Engineering and Center for NanoIntegration (CENIDE)
- University of Duisburg-Essen
- DE-47057 Duisburg
- Germany
- Institute for Metallic Materials
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16
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Ghosh P, Mudring AV. Phase selective synthesis of quantum cutting nanophosphors and the observation of a spontaneous room temperature phase transition. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:8160-8169. [PMID: 27029780 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00172f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-free Eu(3+)-doped NaGdF4 nanocrystals with high quantum cutting efficiency are accessible at low temperatures (room temperature to 80 °C) using task-specific ionic liquids (ILs) as structure directing agents and only water as solvent. Selective tuning of the shape, morphology and, most importantly, the crystal phase of the host lattice is achieved by changing the alkyl side length, the H-bonding capabilities and the concentration of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ILs, [C(n)mim]Br. When using [C2mim]Br, hexagonal NaGdF4 nanoparticles are obtained. In the case of methylimidazolium bromides with longer pendant alkyl chains such as butyl (C4), octyl (C8) or decyl (C10), extremely small nanoparticles of the cubic polymorph form, which then convert even at room temperature (RT) to the thermodynamically favored hexagonal modification. To the best of our knowledge, this kind of spontaneous phase transition is not yet reported. The hexagonal nanomaterial shows a substantial quantum cutting efficiency (154%) whilst in the cubic material, the effect is negligible (107%). The easy yet highly phase selective green synthesis of the materials promises large scale industrial application in environmentally benign energy efficient lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpal Ghosh
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. H.S. Gour University (A Central University), Sagar-470003, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Anja-Verena Mudring
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50014, USA and The Critical Materials Institute, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Kim HM, Youn JR, Song YS. Hydrodynamic fabrication of structurally gradient ZnO nanorods. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:085704. [PMID: 26807679 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/8/085704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We studied a new approach where structurally gradient nanostructures were fabricated by means of hydrodynamics. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods were synthesized in a drag-driven rotational flow in a controlled manner. The structural characteristics of nanorods such as orientation and diameter were determined by momentum and mass transfer at the substrate surface. The nucleation of ZnO was induced by shear stress which plays a key role in determining the orientation of ZnO nanorods. The nucleation and growth of such nanostructures were modeled theoretically and analyzed numerically to understand the underlying physics of the fabrication of nanostructures controlled by hydrodynamics. The findings demonstrated that the precise control of momentum and mass transfer enabled the formation of ZnO nanorods with a structural gradient in diameter and orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Min Kim
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
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18
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Stappert K, Mudring AV. Triazolium based ionic liquid crystals: effect of asymmetric substitution. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14961k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of asymmetrical 1-dodecyl-3-alkyl-triazolium bromides has been synthesized to investigate the effect of asymmetric substitution on their phase behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Stappert
- Anorganische Chemie III – Materials Engineering and Characterization
- Fakultät für Chemie and Biochemie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
| | - A.-V. Mudring
- Anorganische Chemie III – Materials Engineering and Characterization
- Fakultät für Chemie and Biochemie
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
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19
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Alammar T, Chow YK, Mudring AV. Energy efficient microwave synthesis of mesoporous Ce0.5M0.5O2 (Ti, Zr, Hf) nanoparticles for low temperature CO oxidation in an ionic liquid – a comparative study. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00951g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of Ce0.5M0.5O2 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) nanoparticles in ionic liquids by microwave irradiation is an efficient and mild way to obtain efficient catalyts for CO oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Alammar
- Anorganische Chemie III
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
| | - Ying-Kit Chow
- Anorganische Chemie III
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
- School of Chemistry
| | - Anja-Verena Mudring
- Anorganische Chemie III
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum
- Bochum
- Germany
- Materials Science and Engineering
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Alammar T, Noei H, Wang Y, Mudring AV. Mild yet phase-selective preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles from ionic liquids--a critical study. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:8045-8055. [PMID: 23872945 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00824j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The phase selective synthesis of nanocrystalline TiO2, titania, in ionic liquids (ILs) is explored. The influence not only of the IL but also of the Ti-precursor, pH, and temperature is investigated. Sonochemical synthesis, microwave synthesis and conventional heating are compared. In the case of Ti(O(i)Pr)4 (O(i)Pr = isopropyl) as the Ti-source the ILs [C4mim][Tf2N] (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide), [C3mimOH][Tf2N] (1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide), [C4Py][Tf2N] (butylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide), [N1888][Tf2N] (methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide), and [P66614][Tf2N] (tetradecyltrihexyl phosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide) led at ambient temperature to TiO2 in the form of anatase. The morphology of nano-anatase is controlled by the IL cation. Anatase nanospheres with a crystal size below 10 nm are obtained in [C3mimOH][Tf2N], [P66614][Tf2N] and [C4Py][Tf2N], whilst nanorods with a length and diameter of ∼10 to 20 and 5 nm are formed in [N1888][Tf2N] and spindle-shaped particles with an average length of 10-25 nm are formed in [C4mim][Tf2N]. Calcination at temperatures above 730 °C leads to rutile. When using TiCl4 as the Ti-precursor an anatase-rutile mixture forms under ambient conditions. Pure rutile can be obtained under ambient conditions in the presence of an appropriate volume of aqueous HCl. At moderate to high pH values pure anatase can be obtained even from TiCl4. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2 materials has been assessed by the photodegradation of an aqueous methyl orange solution under UV light. The results indicate that the photocatalytic activity of anatase-brookite mixtures obtained in [C4mim][Tf2N], [N1888][Tf2N] and [P66614][Tf2N] is higher than that of pure anatase which is formed in [C3mimOH][Tf2N] and [C4Py][Tf2N] and competitive with commercially available catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Alammar
- Inorganic Chemistry III - Materials Synthesis and Characterization, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Sarkar K, Rawolle M, Herzig EM, Wang W, Buffet A, Roth SV, Müller-Buschbaum P. Custom-made morphologies of ZnO nanostructured films templated by a poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide) diblock copolymer obtained by a sol-gel technique. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:1414-1424. [PMID: 23881752 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructured films are synthesized on silicon substrates to form different morphologies that consist of foamlike structures, wormlike aggregates, circular vesicles, and spherical granules. The synthesis involves a sol-gel mechanism coupled with an amphiphilic diblock copolymer poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide), P(S-b-EO), which acts as a structure-directing template. The ZnO precursor zinc acetate dihydrate (ZAD) is incorporated into the poly(ethylene oxide) block. Different morphologies are obtained by adjusting the weight fractions of the solvents and ZAD. The sizes of the structure in solution for different sol-gels are probed by means of dynamic light scattering. Thin-film samples with ZnO nanostructures are prepared by spin coating and solution casting followed by a calcination step. On the basis of various selected combinations of weight fractions of the ingredients used, a ternary phase diagram is constructed to show the compositional boundaries of the investigated morphologies. The evolution and formation mechanisms of the morphologies are addressed in brief. The surface morphologies of the ZnO nanostructures are studied with SEM. The inner structures of the samples are probed by means of grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering to complement the SEM investigations. XRD measurements confirm the crystallization of the ZnO in the wurtzite phase upon calcination of the nanocomposite film in air. The optical properties of ZnO are analyzed by FTIR and UV/Vis spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuhu Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physikdepartment, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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Alammar T, Shekhah O, Wohlgemuth J, Mudring AV. Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of mesoporous β-Ni(OH)2 and NiO nano-sheets using ionic liquids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32849f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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