1
|
Xiao H, Feng Y, Goundry WRF, Karlsson S. Organic Solvent Nanofiltration in Pharmaceutical Applications. Org Process Res Dev 2024; 28:891-923. [PMID: 38660379 PMCID: PMC11036530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Separation and purification in organic solvents are indispensable procedures in pharmaceutical manufacturing. However, they still heavily rely on the conventional separation technologies of distillation and chromatography, resulting in high energy and massive solvent consumption. As an alternative, organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) offers the benefits of low energy consumption, low solid waste generation, and easy scale-up and incorporation into continuous processes. Thus, there is a growing interest in employing membrane technology in the pharmaceutical area to improve process sustainability and energy efficiency. This Review comprehensively summarizes the recent progress (especially the last 10 years) of organic solvent nanofiltration and its applications in the pharmaceutical industry, including the concentration and purification of active pharmaceutical ingredients, homogeneous catalyst recovery, solvent exchange and recovery, and OSN-assisted peptide/oligonucleotide synthesis. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives of membrane technology in pharmaceutical applications are discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiao
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Yanyue Feng
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - William R. F. Goundry
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Staffan Karlsson
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Diekamp J, Seidensticker T. Synthesis Strategies towards Tagged Homogeneous Catalysts To Improve Their Separation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304223. [PMID: 37167065 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of homogeneous catalysts while keeping them in the homogeneous matrix is an ongoing challenge many reactions face if they are to find industrial applications. While a plethora of different synthetic approaches towards better, recyclable homogeneous catalysts exist, the literature shows a gap when one searches for a concise overview of the different catalyst modifications. This Review is designed to close that gap by summarising the existing synthesis pathways towards polar, non-polar, fluorous, and molecular-weight-enlarged catalysts and by examining their respective synthesis routes with a focus on modular and late-stage approaches. Furthermore, we map out the potential for a generally applicable tag library that allows straightforward catalyst modifications to tune them for each desired recycling strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justus Diekamp
- TU Dortmund University, Department for Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Thomas Seidensticker
- TU Dortmund University, Department for Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Emil-Figge-Straße 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Magne A, Carretier E, Ubiera Ruiz L, Clair T, Le Hir M, Moulin P. Recovery of Homogeneous Platinoid Catalysts from Pharmaceutical Media: Review on the Existing Treatments and the Perspectives of Membrane Processes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:738. [PMID: 37623799 PMCID: PMC10456598 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Catalyst recovery is a major challenge for reaching the objectives of green chemistry for industry. Indeed, catalysts enable quick and selective syntheses with high reaction yields. This is especially the case for homogeneous platinoid catalysts which are almost indispensable for cross-coupling reactions often used by the pharmaceutical industry. However, they are based on scarce, expensive, and toxic resources. In addition, they are quite sensitive and degrade over time at the end of the reaction. Once degraded, their regeneration is complex and hazardous to implement. Working on their recovery could lead to highly effective catalytic chemistries while limiting the environmental and economic impacts of their one-time uses. This review aims to describe and compare conventional processes for metal removal while discussing their advantages and drawbacks considering the objective of homogeneous catalyst recovery. Most of them lead to difficulty recycling active catalysts due to their ability to only treat metal ions or to chelate catalysts without the possibility to reverse the mechanism. However, membrane processes seem to offer some perspectives with limiting degradations. While membranes are not systematically the best option for recycling homogeneous catalysts, current development might help improve the separation between pharmaceutical active ingredients and catalysts and enable their recycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Magne
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europole de l’Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex, France; (A.M.); (E.C.)
- Sanofi Chimie, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés 1, Process Engineering, Global Chemistry Manufacturing & Control (CMC), 45 Chemin de Mételine, 04200 Sisteron, France; (L.U.R.); (T.C.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Emilie Carretier
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europole de l’Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex, France; (A.M.); (E.C.)
| | - Lilivet Ubiera Ruiz
- Sanofi Chimie, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés 1, Process Engineering, Global Chemistry Manufacturing & Control (CMC), 45 Chemin de Mételine, 04200 Sisteron, France; (L.U.R.); (T.C.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Thomas Clair
- Sanofi Chimie, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés 1, Process Engineering, Global Chemistry Manufacturing & Control (CMC), 45 Chemin de Mételine, 04200 Sisteron, France; (L.U.R.); (T.C.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Morgane Le Hir
- Sanofi Chimie, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés 1, Process Engineering, Global Chemistry Manufacturing & Control (CMC), 45 Chemin de Mételine, 04200 Sisteron, France; (L.U.R.); (T.C.); (M.L.H.)
| | - Philippe Moulin
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés Membranaires (EPM), Europole de l’Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex, France; (A.M.); (E.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang H, Xu J, Cao H, Wu J, Zhao D. Recovery of homogeneous photocatalysts by covalent organic framework membranes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2726. [PMID: 37169759 PMCID: PMC10175538 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-based homogeneous photocatalysts offer a wealth of opportunities for organic synthesis. The most versatile ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) polypyridyl complexes, however, are among the rarest metal complexes. Moreover, immobilizing these precious catalysts for recycling is challenging as their opacity may obstruct light transmission. Recovery of homogeneous catalysts by conventional polymeric membranes is promising but limited, as the modulation of their pore structure and tolerance of polar organic solvents are challenging. Here, we report the effective recovery of homogeneous photocatalysts using covalent organic framework (COF) membranes. An array of COF membranes with tunable pore sizes and superior organic solvent resistance were prepared. Ruthenium and iridium photoredox catalysts were recycled for 10 cycles in various types of photochemical reactions, constantly achieving high catalytical performance, high recovery rates, and high permeance. We successfully recovered the photocatalysts at gram-scale. Furthermore, we demonstrated a cascade isolation of an iridium photocatalyst and purification of a small organic molecule product with COF membranes possessing different pore sizes. Our results indicate an intriguing potential to shift the paradigm of the pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis campaign.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinhui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Białek M, Czaja K. Application of Silsesquioxanes in the Preparation of Polyolefin-Based Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1876. [PMID: 36902992 PMCID: PMC10004241 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper is a review of studies on the use of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) of various structures in the synthesis of polyolefins and the modification of their properties, namely: (1) components of organometallic catalytic systems for the polymerization of olefins, (2) comonomers in the copolymerization with ethylene, and (3) fillers in composites based on polyolefins. In addition, studies on the use of new silicon compounds, i.e., siloxane-silsesquioxane resins, as fillers for composites based on polyolefins are presented. The authors dedicate this paper to Professor Bogdan Marciniec on the occasion of his jubilee.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wytrych P, Utko J, Stefanski M, Kłak J, Lis T, John Ł. Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Optical and Magnetic Properties of Samarium, Terbium, and Erbium Coordination Entities Containing Mono-Substituted Imine Silsesquioxane Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2913-2923. [PMID: 36716237 PMCID: PMC9930112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mono-substituted cage-like silsesquioxanes of the T8-type can play the role of potential ligands in the coordination chemistry. In this paper, we report on imine derivatives as ligands for samarium, terbium, and erbium cations and discuss their efficient synthesis, crystal structures, and magnetic and optical properties. X-ray analysis of the lanthanide coordination entities [MCl3(POSS)3]·2THF [M = Er3+ (3), Tb3+ (4), Sm3+ (5)] showed that all three compounds crystallize in the same space group with similar lattice parameters. All compounds contain an octahedrally coordinated metal atom, and additionally, 3 and 5 structures are strictly isomorphous. However, surprisingly, there are two different molecules in the crystal structure of the terbium coordination entity 4, monomer (sof 65%) and dimer (sof 35%), with one and two metal centers. Absorption measurements of the investigated materials recorded at 300 K showed that regardless of the lanthanide involved, their energy band gap equals 2.7 eV. Moreover, the analogues containing Tb3+ and Sm3+ exhibit luminescence typical of these rare earth ions in the visible and infrared spectral range, while the compound with Er3+ does not generate any emission. Direct current variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on polycrystalline samples of 3-5 were performed between 1.8 and 300 K. The magnetic properties of 3 and 4 are dominated by the crystal field effect on the Er3+ and Tb3+ ions, respectively, hiding the magnetic influence between the magnetic cations of adjacent molecules. Complex 5 exhibits a nature typical for the paramagnetism of the samarium(III) cation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Wytrych
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józef Utko
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mariusz Stefanski
- Institute
of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2 Okólna, 50-422Wrocław, Poland
| | - Julia Kłak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz John
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383Wrocław, Poland,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Toh RW, Patrzałek M, Nienałtowski T, Piątkowski J, Kajetanowicz A, Wu J, Grela K. Olefin Metathesis in Continuous Flow Reactor Employing Polar Ruthenium Catalyst and Soluble Metal Scavenger for Instant Purification of Products of Pharmaceutical Interest. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2021; 9:16450-16458. [PMID: 34900446 PMCID: PMC8655794 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c06522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of continuous-flow reactors has attracted growing attention from the synthetic community. Moreover, findings in the precise control of the reaction parameters and improved mass/heat transfer have made the flow setup an attractive alternative to batch reactors, both in academia and industry, enabling safe and easy scaling-up of synthetic processes. Even though a majority of the pharmaceutical industry currently rely on batch reactors or semibatch reactors, many are integrating flow technology because of easier maintenance and lower risks. Herein, we demonstrate an operationally simple flow setup for homogeneous ring-closing metathesis, which is applicable to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients precursors or analogues with high efficiency, low residence time, and in a green solvent. Furthermore, through the addition of a soluble metal scavenger in the subsequent step within the flow system, the level of ruthenium contamination in the final product can be greatly reduced (to less than 5 ppm). To ensure that this method is applicable for industrial usage, an upscale process including a 24 h continuous-flow reaction for more than 60 g of a Sildenafil analogue was achieved in a continuous-flow fashion by adjusting the tubing size and flow rate accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren Wei Toh
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Michał Patrzałek
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Nienałtowski
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Pharmaceutical
Works Polpharma SA, Pelplińska
19, 83-200 Starogard
Gdański, Poland
| | - Jakub Piątkowski
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Email for A.K.:
| | - Jie Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Email for J.W.:
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological
and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
- Email for K.G.:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bayrakdar TACA, Maliszewski BP, Nahra F, Ormerod D, Nolan SP. Platinum-Catalyzed Alkene Hydrosilylation: Solvent-Free Process Development from Batch to a Membrane-Integrated Continuous Process. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3810-3814. [PMID: 34291872 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The integration of a membrane separation protocol with the platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation of olefins is investigated. The catalytic reaction is first optimized in batch where [Pt(IPr*)(dms)Cl2 ] (IPr*=1,3-bis[2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-methylphenyl]imidazol-2-ylidene, dms=dimethyl sulfide) demonstrates superior activity compared to the less sterically encumbered [Pt(SIPr)(dms)Cl2 ] (SIPr=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolidine) congener. Filtration conditions are identified in membrane screening experiments. Hydrosilylation of 1-octene catalyzed by [Pt(IPr*)(dms)Cl2 ] is conducted in continuous mode and the platinum catalyst is separated efficiently over the commercially available Borsig oNF-2 membrane, all under solvent-free conditions. An advantage of this process is that both reaction and separation are coupled in a single step. Moreover, at the end of the process the intact catalyst was recovered in 80 % yield as an off-white solid without any further purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benon P Maliszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fady Nahra
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Dominic Ormerod
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nahra F, Cazin CSJ. Sustainability in Ru- and Pd-based catalytic systems using N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3094-3142. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00836a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review is a critical presentation of catalysts based on palladium and ruthenium bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands that have enabled a more sustainable approach to catalysis and to catalyst uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fady Nahra
- Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| | - Catherine S. J. Cazin
- Centre for Sustainable Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Ghent University
- 9000 Gent
- Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Janeta M, Lis T, Szafert S. Zinc Imine Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane as a Quattro-Site Catalyst for the Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides and Low-Pressure CO 2. Chemistry 2020; 26:13686-13697. [PMID: 33463802 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present research, the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and structural investigations of a unique ZnII complex of imine-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is designed, and hereby described, as a catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2. The uncommon features of the designed catalytic system is the elimination of the need for a high pressure of CO2 and the significant shortening of reaction times commonly associated with such difficult transformations like that of styrene oxide to styrene carbonate. Our studies have shown that imine-POSS is able to chelate metal ions like ZnII to form a unique coordination complex. The silsesquioxane core and the hindrance of the side arms (their steric effect) influence the construction process of the homoleptic Zn4@POSS-1 complex. The compound was characterized in solution by NMR (1H, 13C, 29Si), ESI-MS, UV/Vis spectroscopy and in the solid state by thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), elemental analysis, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP MAS) NMR (13C, 29Si) spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Janeta
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sławomir Szafert
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shen J, Beale K, Amura I, Emanuelsson EAC. Ligand and Solvent Selection for Enhanced Separation of Palladium Catalysts by Organic Solvent Nanofiltration. Front Chem 2020; 8:375. [PMID: 32432086 PMCID: PMC7216237 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) has been widely applied to separate and recycle homogeneous catalysts, but the influence of ligand and solvent selection on the performance of OSN is not fully understood. Here we prepared four palladium (Pd) catalysts by combining palladium acetate with four ligands of different molecular weights. Morphological and functional properties of the Pd catalysts were characterized by TEM, FTIR, and NMR. OSN experiments were conducted in a lab-scale dead-end filtration rig. Two commercial OSN membranes, PuraMem S600 (PS600) and DuraMem 500 (D500), were used to separate the Pd catalysts from different organic solvents (toluene, isopropanol, butanol/water, and methanol) that are specified to be compatible with, respectively. For both membranes, the pure solvent permeance was positively related to the degree of membrane swelling induced by the solvent. The solvent permeance decreased significantly after the addition of a solute, as a result of membrane fouling and concentration polarization. For the PS600 membrane, the Pd rejection in any solvent was closely correlated to the molecular weight of the ligand, which agrees with the pore-flow model. For the D500 membrane, on the other hand, there was no conclusive link between the Pd rejection and the type of ligand. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that the separation processes in PS600 and D500 membranes were controlled by different transport models. The findings shed light on the selection of ligand and solvent in OSN in order to enhance the separation of homogeneous catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Shen
- Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Beale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Ida Amura
- Centre for Advanced Separations Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Calabrese C, Aprile C, Gruttadauria M, Giacalone F. POSS nanostructures in catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01407a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review we highlight the use of appealing POSS-based nanostructures for both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Calabrese
- Department of Biological
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Palermo
- Palermo
- Italy
| | | | - Michelangelo Gruttadauria
- Department of Biological
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Palermo
- Palermo
- Italy
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Palermo
- Palermo
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Progress in the Synthesis of Bifunctionalized Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11122098. [PMID: 31847358 PMCID: PMC6960853 DOI: 10.3390/polym11122098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) has been considered as one of the most promising nanofillers in academic and industrial research due to its unique multifunctional nanostructure, easy functionalization, hybrid nature, and high processability. The progress of POSS has been extensive, particularly applications based on single- or multiple-armed POSS. In polymer hybrids, in order to enhance the properties, bifunctional POSS has been incorporated into the backbone chain of the polymer. This review summarizes recent developments in the synthesis, modification, and application of bifunctional POSS-containing composite materials. This includes amino-POSS, hydroxyl-POSS, aromatic ring-POSS, ether-POSS, and vinyl groups-POSS and their applications, exemplified by polyurethanes (PUs) and polyimides (PIs). In addition, the review highlights the enhancement of thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of the composites.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lejeune A, Le Goanvic L, Renouard T, Couturier J, Dubois J, Carpentier J, Rabiller‐Baudry M. Coupling Rhodium‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation of 10‐Undecenitrile with Organic Solvent Nanofiltration: Toluene Solution versus Solvent‐Free Processes. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1744-1760. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Lejeune
- Univ Rennes, CNRSISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Lucas Le Goanvic
- Univ Rennes, CNRSISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thierry Renouard
- Univ Rennes, CNRSISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Jean‐Luc Dubois
- Arkema France 420 Rue d'Estienne d'Orves 92705 Colombes France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shende VS, Saptal VB, Bhanage BM. Recent Advances Utilized in the Recycling of Homogeneous Catalysis. CHEM REC 2019; 19:2022-2043. [PMID: 31021522 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous catalysts often show high activity and selectivity towards the various chemical transformations. Most of the transition metal-based active catalysts are expensive, rare, and have strict regulations for their use in pharmaceutical products. Hence, there is a requirement to develop suitable technologies for the practical separation and recycling of metal complex catalysts along with the sustainability of the process. This review focuses on the recent techniques used for the catalyst separation, their recovery, and recyclability of the homogeneous form of catalysts based on their economic compatibility and industrial applications. Various homogeneous catalysts have been reviewed on the basis of their support or media, active centres and recyclability aspects of the catalysts. This review gives brief insights into the varied examples of different recycling techniques utilized in the past 6-7 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali S Shende
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology (Autonomous), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Vitthal B Saptal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology (Autonomous), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| | - Bhalchandra M Bhanage
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology (Autonomous), Matunga, Mumbai, 400 019, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ormerod D, Dorbec M, Merkul E, Kaval N, Lefèvre N, Hostyn S, Eykens L, Lievens J, Sergeyev S, Maes BUW. Synthesis of Pd Complexes Containing Tailed NHC Ligands and Their Use in a Semicontinuous Membrane-Assisted Suzuki Cross-Coupling Process. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Ormerod
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Dorbec
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Eugen Merkul
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nadya Kaval
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Lefèvre
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven Hostyn
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lies Eykens
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Jo Lievens
- Separation and Conversion Technology, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Sergey Sergeyev
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ortiz A, Gómez-Sal P, Flores JC, de Jesús E. Highly Recoverable Pd(II) Catalysts for the Mizoroki–Heck Reaction Based on N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Poly(benzyl ether) Dendrons. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Ortiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Sal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Juan C. Flores
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Ernesto de Jesús
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang W, Cui L, Sun P, Shi L, Yue C, Li F. Reusable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex Catalysts and Beyond: A Perspective on Recycling Strategies. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9843-9929. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Wang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Lifeng Cui
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengtao Yue
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lejeune A, Rabiller-Baudry M, Renouard T. Design of membrane cascades according to the method of McCabe-Thiele: An organic solvent nanofiltration case study for olefin hydroformylation in toluene. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
Lim SK, Goh K, Bae TH, Wang R. Polymer-based membranes for solvent-resistant nanofiltration: A review. Chin J Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
21
|
Fodi T, Didaskalou C, Kupai J, Balogh GT, Huszthy P, Szekely G. Nanofiltration-Enabled In Situ Solvent and Reagent Recycle for Sustainable Continuous-Flow Synthesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:3435-3444. [PMID: 28737002 PMCID: PMC6032941 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Solvent usage in the pharmaceutical sector accounts for as much as 90 % of the overall mass during manufacturing processes. Consequently, solvent consumption poses significant costs and environmental burdens. Continuous processing, in particular continuous-flow reactors, have great potential for the sustainable production of pharmaceuticals but subsequent downstream processing remains challenging. Separation processes for concentrating and purifying chemicals can account for as much as 80 % of the total manufacturing costs. In this work, a nanofiltration unit was coupled to a continuous-flow rector for in situ solvent and reagent recycling. The nanofiltration unit is straightforward to implement and simple to control during continuous operation. The hybrid process operated continuously over six weeks, recycling about 90 % of the solvent and reagent. Consequently, the E-factor and the carbon footprint were reduced by 91 % and 19 %, respectively. Moreover, the nanofiltration unit led to a solution of the product eleven times more concentrated than the reaction mixture and increased the purity from 52.4 % to 91.5 %. The boundaries for process conditions were investigated to facilitate implementation of the methodology by the pharmaceutical sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fodi
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterThe Mill, Sackville StreetManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellert ter 4Budapest1117Hungary
- Compound Profiling Laboratory, Gedeon Richter Plc.PO Box 27Budapest1475Hungary
| | - Christos Didaskalou
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterThe Mill, Sackville StreetManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
| | - Jozsef Kupai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellert ter 4Budapest1117Hungary
| | - Gyorgy T. Balogh
- Compound Profiling Laboratory, Gedeon Richter Plc.PO Box 27Budapest1475Hungary
| | - Peter Huszthy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsSzent Gellert ter 4Budapest1117Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Szekely
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of ManchesterThe Mill, Sackville StreetManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Keraani A, Rabiller-Baudry M, Fischmeister C, Delaunay D, Baudry A, Bruneau C, Renouard T. First elaboration of an olefin metathesis catalytic membrane by grafting a Hoveyda–Grubbs precatalyst on zirconia membranes. CR CHIM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
23
|
Keraani A, Nasser G, Shahane S, Renouard T, Bruneau C, Rabiller-Baudry M, Fischmeister C. Syntheses and characterization of molecular weight enlarged olefin metathesis pre-catalysts. CR CHIM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
24
|
Du Y, Zhang C, Zhong QZ, Yang X, Wu J, Xu ZK. Ultrathin Alginate Coatings as Selective Layers for Nanofiltration Membranes with High Performance. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2788-2795. [PMID: 28463439 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It is highly desirable to develop environmentally friendly processes for fabricating thin-film composite (TFC) nanofiltration membranes (NFMs) from natural materials. However, the nanofiltration performance of such TFC NFMs is not satisfactory for practical applications owing to the lack of efficient methods for constructing ultrathin, uniform, stable coatings as selective layers. In this study, a contra-diffusion strategy is used to fabricate TFC NFMs with ultrathin cross-linked alginate coatings as selective layers without the use of any organic solvents. The as-prepared NFMs show a water permeation flux that is nearly one order of magnitude higher than that of other alginate-based TFC NFMs with similar salt rejection, and represents the best performance among all TFC NFMs from natural materials. These NFMs also demonstrate excellent mono-/divalent ion selectivity, as well as good long-term operation stability and antifouling properties. Furthermore, this strategy maximizes the reactant usage rate, minimizes the waste discharge and provides new insight into environmentally friendly fabrication of TFC NFMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Qi-Zhi Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Xi Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Małecki P, Gajda K, Ablialimov O, Malińska M, Gajda R, Woźniak K, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Hoveyda–Grubbs-Type Precatalysts with Unsymmetrical N-Heterocyclic Carbenes as Effective Catalysts in Olefin Metathesis. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Małecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gajda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Osman Ablialimov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maura Malińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Gajda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological
and Chemical Research Centre,, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sytniczuk A, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Fishing for the right catalyst for the cross-metathesis reaction of methyl oleate with 2-methyl-2-butene. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy02623k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A comparison of the reactivity of different ruthenium-based complexes in the cross-metathesis reaction of methyl oleate was presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Sytniczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre
- University of Warsaw
- 02-089 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - A. Kajetanowicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - K. Grela
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre
- University of Warsaw
- 02-089 Warsaw
- Poland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wei J, Shen Z, Filatov AS, Liu Q, Jordan RF. Self-Assembled Cage Structures and Ethylene Polymerization Behavior of Palladium Alkyl Complexes That Contain Phosphine-Bis(arenesulfonate) Ligands. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zhongliang Shen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Richard F. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen L, Huang JB, Xu Z, Zheng ZJ, Yang KF, Cui YM, Cao J, Xu LW. Palladium-catalyzed Si–C bond-forming silylation of aryl iodides with hydrosilanes: an enhanced enantioselective synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silanes by desymmetrization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12873d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An enantioselective Pd-catalyzed silicon–carbon bond-forming silylation reaction of aryl iodides with hydrosilanes for the synthesis of silicon-stereogenic silanes has been developed with good enantioselectivity under mild conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Bo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Jiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Ke-Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Cui
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guerra J, Cantillo D, Kappe CO. Visible-light photoredox catalysis using a macromolecular ruthenium complex: reactivity and recovery by size-exclusion nanofiltration in continuous flow. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00070c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A macromolecular Ru(bpy)32+ based dendrimer can be used as an efficient photoredox catalyst, retrieved from the reaction mixture by organic solvent nanofiltration and reutilized for further reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Guerra
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Graz
- NAWI Graz
- A-8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - David Cantillo
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Graz
- NAWI Graz
- A-8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Graz
- NAWI Graz
- A-8010 Graz
- Austria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Szczepaniak G, Urbaniak K, Wierzbicka C, Kosiński K, Skowerski K, Grela K. High-Performance Isocyanide Scavengers for Use in Low-Waste Purification of Olefin Metathesis Products. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:4139-48. [PMID: 26556779 PMCID: PMC4693448 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Three isocyanides containing a tertiary nitrogen atom were investigated for use as small-molecule ruthenium scavenging agents in the workup of olefin metathesis reactions. The proposed compounds are odorless, easy to obtain, and highly effective in removing metal residues, sometimes bringing the metal content below 0.0015 ppm. The most successful of the tested compounds, II, performs very well, even with challenging polar products. The performance of these scavengers is compared and contrasted with other known techniques, such as silica gel filtration and the use of self-scavenging catalysts. As a result, a new hybrid purification method is devised, which gives better results than using either a self-scavenging catalyst or a scavenger alone. Additionally, isocyanide II is shown to be a deactivating (reaction quenching) agent for olefin metathesis and superior to ethyl vinyl ether.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | - Krzysztof Kosiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Scholder P, Nischang I. Miniaturized catalysis: monolithic, highly porous, large surface area capillary flow reactors constructed in situ from polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). Catal Sci Technol 2015; 5:3917-3921. [PMID: 26322221 PMCID: PMC4530614 DOI: 10.1039/c5cy00510h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A single-step molding process utilizing free-radical cross-linking reaction of vinyl POSS in microliter-sized dimensions leads to hierarchically-structured, mechanically robust, porous hybrid structures. Functional variants show excellent performance in Suzuki-type coupling reactions. Due to their small volume, long-term operational robustness, and potential chemical diversity, these materials are promising candidates for catalyst screening applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Scholder
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry , Johannes Kepler University Linz , A-4060 , Leonding , Austria .
| | - I Nischang
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry , Johannes Kepler University Linz , A-4060 , Leonding , Austria .
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Xu Z, Xu LW. Silylations of Arenes with Hydrosilanes: From Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C¢X Bond Cleavage to Environmentally Benign Transition-Metal-Free C¢H Bond Activation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:2176-2179. [PMID: 26073645 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The construction of carbon-silicon bonds is highlighted as an exciting achievement in the field of organosilicon chemistry and green chemistry. Recent developments in this area will enable the sustainable chemical conversion of silicon resources into synthetically useful compounds. Especially, the catalytic silylation through C¢H bond activation without directing groups and hydrogen acceptors is one of the most challenging topics in organic chemistry and green chemistry. These remarkable findings on catalytic silylation can pave the way to a more environmentally benign utilization of earth-abundant silicon-based resources in synthetic chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 1378, Wenyi West Road, Science Park of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, 311121 (PR China)
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 1378, Wenyi West Road, Science Park of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou City, 311121 (PR China).
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou (PR China).
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
O’Neal EJ, Lee CH, Brathwaite J, Jensen KF. Continuous Nanofiltration and Recycle of an Asymmetric Ketone Hydrogenation Catalyst. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Everett J. O’Neal
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
Novartis−MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chang Ho Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
Novartis−MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julian Brathwaite
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
Novartis−MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering
Novartis−MIT Center for Continuous Manufacturing, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2013. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
35
|
Liu Q, Contrella ND, Filatov AS, Jordan RF. Synthesis of Borophosphonate Cage Compounds: Influence of Substituent and Concentration Effects on Product Distribution in Condensation Reactions of Aryl Phosphonic Acids and Boronic Acids. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om501101q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Nathan D. Contrella
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Richard F. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South
Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Marchetti P, Jimenez Solomon MF, Szekely G, Livingston AG. Molecular separation with organic solvent nanofiltration: a critical review. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10735-806. [PMID: 25333504 DOI: 10.1021/cr500006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 832] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
O'Neal EJ, Jensen KF. Continuous Nanofiltration and Recycle of a Metathesis Catalyst in a Microflow System. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
38
|
Jensen KF, Reizman BJ, Newman SG. Tools for chemical synthesis in microsystems. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:3206-12. [PMID: 24865228 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00330f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis in microsystems has evolved from simple proof-of-principle examples to become a general technique in academia and industry. Numerous such "flow chemistry" applications are now found in pharmaceutical and fine chemical synthesis. Much of the development has been based on systems employing macroscopic flow components and tubes, rather than the integrated chip technology envisioned by the lab-on-a-chip community. We review the major developments in systems for flow chemistry and discuss limitations underlying the development of chip-scale integrated systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klavs F Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cheng XQ, Zhang YL, Wang ZX, Guo ZH, Bai YP, Shao L. Recent Advances in Polymeric Solvent-Resistant Nanofiltration Membranes. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Quan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin People's Republic of China
- AB InBev Sedrin (Zhangzhou) Brewery Co., Ltd; Zhang Zhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Hu Guo
- Integrated Composites Laboratory; Dan F. Smith Department of Chemical Engineering; Lamar University; Beaumont Texas 77710
| | - Yong Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE); School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Harbin Institute of Technology; Harbin People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Skowerski K, Czarnocki SJ, Knapkiewicz P. Tube-in-tube reactor as a useful tool for homo- and heterogeneous olefin metathesis under continuous flow mode. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:536-42. [PMID: 24167003 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A tube-in-tube reactor was successfully applied in homo- and heterogeneous olefin metathesis reactions under continuous flow mode. It was shown that the efficient removal of ethylene facilitated by connection of the reactor with a vacuum pump significantly improves the outcome of metathesis reactions. The beneficial aspects of this approach are most apparent in reactions performed at low concentration, such as macrocyclization reactions. The established system allows achievement of both improved yield and selectivity, and is ideal for industrial applications.
Collapse
|
41
|
Leng Y, Liu J, Zhang C, Jiang P. A polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS)-bridged oxo-molybdenum Schiff base complex with enhanced heterogeneous catalytic activity in epoxidation. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy01014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel POSS-bridged oxo-molybdenum Schiff base complex was demonstrated to be a highly efficient catalyst for epoxidation of alkenes with aqueous tert-butyl hydroperoxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Leng
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chenjun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Food Colloids and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Comparison of two nanofiltration membrane reactors for a model reaction of olefin metathesis achieved in toluene. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
43
|
Nasser G, Renouard T, Shahane S, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C, Rabiller-Baudry M. Interest of the Precatalyst Design for Olefin Metathesis Operating in a Discontinuous Nanofiltration Membrane Reactor. Chempluschem 2013; 78:728-736. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
44
|
Yazerski VA, Orue A, Evers T, Kleijn H, Klein Gebbink RJM. Molecularly enlarged S,S-BnTsDPEN ligands for iron-catalyzed asymmetric olefin epoxidation reactions using hydrogen peroxide. Catal Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy00484h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
45
|
Ormerod D, Bongers B, Porto-Carrero W, Giegas S, Vijt G, Lefevre N, Lauwers D, Brusten W, Buekenhoudt A. Separation of metathesis catalysts and reaction products in flow reactors using organic solvent nanofiltration. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44860f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|