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Cazier EA, Pham TN, Cossus L, Abla M, Ilc T, Lawrence P. Exploring industrial lignocellulosic waste: Sources, types, and potential as high-value molecules. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 188:11-38. [PMID: 39094219 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has a promising role in a circular bioeconomy and may be used to produce valuable molecules for green chemistry. Lignocellulosic biomass, such as food waste, agricultural waste, wood, paper or cardboard, corresponded to 15.7% of all waste produced in Europe in 2020, and has a high potential as a secondary raw material for industrial processes. This review first presents industrial lignocellulosic waste sources, in terms of their composition, quantities and types of lignocellulosic residues. Secondly, the possible high added-value chemicals obtained from transformation of lignocellulosic waste are detailed, as well as their potential for applications in the food industry, biomedical, energy or chemistry sectors, including as sources of polyphenols, enzymes, bioplastic precursors or biofuels. In a third part, various available transformation treatments, such as physical treatments with ultrasound or heat, chemical treatments with acids or bases, and biological treatments with enzymes or microorganisms, are presented. The last part discusses the perspectives of the use of lignocellulosic waste and the fact that decreasing the cost of transformation is one of the major issues for improving the use of lignocellulosic biomass in a circular economy and green chemistry approach, since it is currently often more expensive than petroleum-based counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Cazier
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France; Nantes Université, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR 6144, F-44600 Saint-Nazaire, France(1).
| | - Thanh-Nhat Pham
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France
| | - Louis Cossus
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France
| | - Maher Abla
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
| | - Tina Ilc
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
| | - Philip Lawrence
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
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2
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Margellou AG, Psochia EA, Torofias SA, Pappa CP, Triantafyllidis KS. Isolation of Highly Crystalline Cellulose via Combined Pretreatment/Fractionation and Extraction Procedures within a Biorefinery Concept. ACS SUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2024; 1:1432-1443. [PMID: 39081538 PMCID: PMC11285807 DOI: 10.1021/acssusresmgt.4c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable production of bio-based materials and chemicals requires integrated approaches which utilize all fractions of lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, highly crystalline cellulose was isolated via combined pretreatment/fractionation and extraction processes from beechwood sawdust. The proposed approach was based on the selective recovery of hemicellulose components in the first step, followed by enhanced delignification in the second step, permitting the efficient recovery of the remaining cellulose via bleaching in the final step. Hydrothermal pretreatment under tailored conditions in neat water or dilute acid resulted in almost complete hemicellulose removal (80-96 wt %) in the liquid fraction. In the second step, the formed surface lignin was isolated via mild extraction while enhanced removal of both native/structural and surface lignin (71 wt %) was achieved by applying the organosolv treatment using dilute sulfuric acid as catalyst. Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment followed by acid catalyzed organosolv pretreatment proved to be the most efficient combined approach, leading to 80 wt % hemicellulose removal as xylose monomer, and 71 wt % delignification. High crystallinity cellulose (<88%), with an overall cellulose recovery of 68-91 wt % based on native cellulose in parent biomass was isolated in the last step via bleaching of all pretreated biomass solids. The proposed integrated biorefinery procedures that aim to whole "waste" biomass valorization, replacing fossil resources, with the use of green solvents (water, ethanol) at relatively mild temperature/pressure conditions, are in line with the scope of several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, such as UN SDG 8, 11, 12, and 13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antigoni G. Margellou
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni A. Psochia
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stylianos A. Torofias
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christina P. Pappa
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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3
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Jin Q, Feng Y, Cabana-Puig X, Chau TN, Difulvio R, Yu D, Hu A, Li S, Luo XM, Ogejo J, Lin F, Huang H. Combined dilute alkali and milling process enhances the functionality and gut microbiota fermentability of insoluble corn fiber. Food Chem 2024; 446:138815. [PMID: 38428087 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a process combining dilute alkali (NaOH or NaHCO3) and physical (disk milling and/or ball milling) treatments to improve the functionality and fermentability of corn fiber. The results showed that combining chemical with physical processes greatly improved the functionality and fermentability of corn fiber. Corn fiber treated with NaOH followed by disk milling (NaOH-DM-CF) had the highest water retention (19.5 g/g), water swelling (38.8 mL/g), and oil holding (15.5 g/g) capacities. Moreover, NaOH-DM-CF produced the largest amount (42.9 mM) of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) during the 24-hr in vitro fermentation using porcine fecal inoculum. In addition, in vitro fermentation of NaOH-DM-CF led to a targeted microbial shifting to Prevotella (genus level), aligning with a higher fraction of propionic acid. The outstanding functionality and fermentability of NaOH-DM-CF were attributed to its thin and loose structure, decreased ester linkages and acetyl groups, and enriched structural carbohydrate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States
| | - Yiming Feng
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Xavier Cabana-Puig
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Tran N Chau
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Ronnie Difulvio
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Dajun Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Anyang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Song Li
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Xin M Luo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Jactone Ogejo
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Haibo Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
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4
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Kammoun M, Margellou A, Toteva VB, Aladjadjiyan A, Sousa AF, Luis SV, Garcia-Verdugo E, Triantafyllidis KS, Richel A. The key role of pretreatment for the one-step and multi-step conversions of European lignocellulosic materials into furan compounds. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21395-21420. [PMID: 37469965 PMCID: PMC10352963 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01533e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, an increased interest from the chemical industry towards the furanic compounds production, renewable molecules alternatives to fossil molecules, which can be transformed into a wide range of chemicals and biopolymers. These molecules are produced following hexose and pentose dehydration. In this context, lignocellulosic biomass, owing to its richness in carbohydrates, notably cellulose and hemicellulose, can be the starting material for monosaccharide supply to be converted into bio-based products. Nevertheless, processing biomass is essential to overcome the recalcitrance of biomass, cellulose crystallinity, and lignin crosslinked structure. The previous reports describe only the furanic compound production from monosaccharides, without considering the starting raw material from which they would be extracted, and without paying attention to raw material pretreatment for the furan production pathway, nor the mass balance of the whole process. Taking account of these shortcomings, this review focuses, firstly, on the conversion potential of different European abundant lignocellulosic matrices into 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and 2-furfural based on their chemical composition. The second line of discussion is focused on the many technological approaches reported so far for the conversion of feedstocks into furan intermediates for polymer technology but highlighting those adopting the minimum possible steps and with the lowest possible environmental impact. The focus of this review is to providing an updated discussion of the important issues relevant to bringing chemically furan derivatives into a market context within a green European context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Kammoun
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege Belgium
| | - Antigoni Margellou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Vesislava B Toteva
- Department of Textile, Leather and Fuels, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy Sofia Bulgaria
| | | | - Andreai F Sousa
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra Rua Sílvio Lima-Polo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Santiago V Luis
- Dpt. of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Supramolecular and Sustainable Chemistry Group, University Jaume I Avda Sos Baynat s/n E-12071-Castellon Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Verdugo
- Dpt. of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Supramolecular and Sustainable Chemistry Group, University Jaume I Avda Sos Baynat s/n E-12071-Castellon Spain
| | | | - Aurore Richel
- Laboratory of Biomass and Green Technologies, University of Liege Belgium
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5
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Bioconversion of a Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate to Single Cell Oil for Biofuel Production in a Cost-Efficient Fermentation Process. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus is a highly efficient single cell oil producer, which in addition to hexoses and pentoses can metabolize organic acids. In this study, fed-batch cultivation with consumption-based acetic acid feeding was further developed to integrate the transformation of an industrial paper mill lignocellulosic hydrolysate (LCH) into yeast oil. Employing pentose-rich LCH as a carbon source instead of glucose significantly improved both biomass formation and lipid titer, reaching 55.73 ± 5.20 g/L and 42.1 ± 1.7 g/L (75.5% lipid per biomass), respectively. This hybrid approach of using acetic acid and LCH in one process was further optimized to increase the share of bioavailable carbon from LCH using a combination of consumption-based and continuous feeding. Finally, the techno-economic analysis revealed a 26% cost reduction when using LCH instead of commercial glucose. In summary, we developed a process leading to a holistic approach to valorizing a pentose-rich industrial waste by converting it into oleochemicals.
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6
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Zhou J, Fang Z, Chen K, Cui J, Yang D, Qiu X. Improving the degree of polymerization of cellulose nanofibers by largely preserving native structure of wood fibers. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119919. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Wang E, Ballachay R, Cai G, Cao Y, Trajano HL. Predicting xylose yield from prehydrolysis of hardwoods: A machine learning approach. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.994428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemicelluloses are amorphous polymers of sugar molecules that make up a major fraction of lignocellulosic biomasses. They have applications in the bioenergy, textile, mining, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Industrial use of hemicellulose often requires that the polymer be hydrolyzed into constituent oligomers and monomers. Traditional models of hemicellulose degradation are kinetic, and usually only appropriate for limited operating regimes and specific species. The study of hemicellulose hydrolysis has yielded substantial data in the literature, enabling a diverse data set to be collected for general and widely applicable machine learning models. In this paper, a dataset containing 1955 experimental data points on batch hemicellulose hydrolysis of hardwood was collected from 71 published papers dated from 1985 to 2019. Three machine learning models (ridge regression, support vector regression and artificial neural networks) are assessed on their ability to predict xylose yield and compared to a kinetic model. Although the performance of ridge regression was unsatisfactory, both support vector regression and artificial neural networks outperformed the simple kinetic model. The artificial neural network outperformed support vector regression, reducing the mean absolute error in predicting soluble xylose yield of test data to 6.18%. The results suggest that machine learning models trained on historical data may be used to supplement experimental data, reducing the number of experiments needed.
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8
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Liu B, Liu L, Deng B, Huang C, Zhu J, Liang L, He X, Wei Y, Qin C, Liang C, Liu S, Yao S. Application and prospect of organic acid pretreatment in lignocellulosic biomass separation: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1400-1413. [PMID: 36195224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As a clean and efficient method of lignocellulosic biomass separation, organic acid pretreatment has attracted extensive research. Hemicellulose or lignin is selectively isolated and the cellulose structure is preserved. Effective fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass is achieved. The separation characteristics of hemicellulose or lignin by different organic acids were summarized. The organic acids of hemicellulose were separated into hydrogen ionized, autocatalytic and α-hydroxy acids according to the separation mechanism. The separation of lignin depends on the dissolution mechanism and spatial effect of organic acids. In addition, the challenges and prospects of organic acid pretreatment were analyzed. The separation of hemicellulose and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose were significantly affected by the polycondensation of lignin, which is effectively inhibited by the addition of green additives such as ketones or alcohols. Lignin separation was improved by developing a deep eutectic solvent treatment based on organic acid pretreatment. This work provides support for efficient cleaning of carbohydrate polymers and lignin to promote global carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojie Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Baojuan Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Jiatian Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Linlin Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Xinliang He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Yuxin Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Chengrong Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry,1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Shuangquan Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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9
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Deng Z, Xia A, Huang Y, Zhu X, Zhu X, Liao Q. The correlation between the physicochemical properties and enzymatic hydrolyzability of hydrothermal pretreated wheat straw: A quantitative analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127475. [PMID: 35714782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal pretreatment with diluted acid or alkali can disrupt the compact structure of wheat straw at a moderate temperature for efficient enzymatic saccharification. However, the quantitative analysis between the physicochemical properties and enzymatic hydrolyzability of hydrothermal pretreated lignocellulose was rarely investigated, which hindered the development of model-based applications for process design and control. Herein, correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to elucidate the dominant factors affecting the enzymatic hydrolyzability and quantitative relationship between them. CA results suggested the major positive factor affecting carbohydrate conversion was cellulose content (r = 0.86). Through logarithmic processing and linear combination, these intercorrelated factors were successfully converted into two newly uncorrelated variables named the first principal component (PC1) and the second principal component (PC2). The initial hydrolysis rate and carbohydrate conversion can be well predicted by PC1 and PC2 scores through multiple linear regression with a high R-squared (0.91 and 0.80).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400044, China; Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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10
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Lai C, Yang C, Jia Y, Xu X, Wang K, Yong Q. Lignin fractionation to realize the comprehensive elucidation of structure-inhibition relationship of lignins in enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 355:127255. [PMID: 35526719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the relationship between lignin structures and their inhibitory effects in enzymatic saccharification would facilitate the development of lignocellulose biorefinery process. However, the heterogeneity of lignins challenges the elucidation of lignin structure-inhibition correlation. In this study, two types of lignin fractions including ethanol soluble lignins and ethanol insoluble lignins were respectively isolated from the poplars pretreated with various severities. The impacts of pretreatment severities on the structural changes of lignin fractions were studied from the perspective of inter-units linkages, condensed aromatic substructure, and hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, it was observed that lignin addition strongly inhibited the enzymatic saccharification of pure cellulose by 13.3 ∼ 56.3%. Lignin inhibition extents were increased with the elevated pretreatment severity. The relationships between the lignin structural features and lignin inhibition were analyzed, which revealed that the contents of condensed aromatic units and phenolic hydroxyl were crucial factors determining the lignin inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhuan Lai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Chundong Yang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Yuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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11
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Gong WH, Zhang C, He JW, Gao YY, Li YJ, Zhu MQ, Wen JL. A synergistic hydrothermal-deep eutectic solvents (DES) pretreatment for acquiring xylooligosaccharides and lignin nanoparticles from Eucommia ulmoides wood. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:188-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Wheat Straw—Evaluating the Effect of Substrate Disintegration on the Digestibility in Anaerobic Digestion. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for renewable energy sources and demand-oriented electricity provision makes anaerobic digestion (AD) one of the most promising technologies. In addition to energy crops, the use of lignocellulosic residual and waste materials from agriculture is becoming increasingly important. However, AD of such feedstocks is often associated with difficulties due to the high content of lignocellulose and its microbial persistence. In the present work, the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) on the digestibility of wheat straw is investigated and evaluated. Under different HTP temperatures (160–180 °C) and retention times (15–45 min), a significant increase in biomethane potential (BMP) can be observed in all cases. The highest BMP (309.64 mL CH4 g−1 volatile solid (VS) is achieved after pretreatment at 160 °C for 45 min, which corresponds to an increase of 19% of untreated wheat straw. The results of a multiple linear regression model show that the solubilization of organic materials is influenced by temperature and time. Furthermore, using two different first-order kinetic models, an enhancement of AD rate during hydrolysis due to pretreatment is observed. However, the increasing intensity of pretreatment conditions is accompanied by a decreasing trend in the conversion of intermediates to methane.
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13
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Sun LL, Yue Z, Sun SC, Sun SN, Cao XF, Yuan TQ, Wen JL. Exploration of deep eutectic solvent-based biphasic system for furfural production and enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis: Chemical, topochemical, and morphological changes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 352:127074. [PMID: 35346816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing a biorefinery process for a highly integrated valorization and fractionation of lignocellulose is crucial for its utilization. Herein, a biphasic system comprising choline chloride/lactic acid and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran with Al2(SO4)3 and H2SO4 as catalysts was applied to pretreat Eucalyptus. Results showed that under the optimized conditions (150 °C, 30 min, 0.2 M Al2(SO4)3, 0.075 M H2SO4), the furfural yield and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency could reach 54.7% and 97.0%, respectively. The efficient cellulose conversion was attributed to remarkable removal of lignin (91.0%) and hemicelluloses (100.0%), thereby causing the disruption of cell wall structure and enhancement of cellulose accessibility. Meanwhile, confocal Raman microscope and atomic force microscope displayed that the pretreatment resulted in the decreasing intensities of carbohydrates and lignin different regions of cell walls, and exposing of the embedded microfibers from noncellulosic polymers. Overall, the deep eutectic solvent-based biphasic system displayed high performance for effective utilization of carbohydrate components in lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuang Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Chao Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shao-Ni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xue-Fei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Long Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Ren X, Liu Y, Fan C, Hong H, Wu W, Zhang W, Wang Y. Production, Processing, and Protection of Microalgal n-3 PUFA-Rich Oil. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091215. [PMID: 35563938 PMCID: PMC9101592 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have been increasingly considered as a sustainable “biofactory” with huge potentials to fill up the current and future shortages of food and nutrition. They have become an economically and technologically viable solution to produce a great diversity of high-value bioactive compounds, including n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The n-3 PUFA, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), possess an array of biological activities and positively affect a number of diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. As such, the global market of n-3 PUFA has been increasing at a fast pace in the past two decades. Nowadays, the supply of n-3 PUFA is facing serious challenges as a result of global warming and maximal/over marine fisheries catches. Although increasing rapidly in recent years, aquaculture as an alternative source of n-3 PUFA appears insufficient to meet the fast increase in consumption and market demand. Therefore, the cultivation of microalgae stands out as a potential solution to meet the shortages of the n-3 PUFA market and provides unique fatty acids for the special groups of the population. This review focuses on the biosynthesis pathways and recombinant engineering approaches that can be used to enhance the production of n-3 PUFA, the impact of environmental conditions in heterotrophic cultivation on n-3 PUFA production, and the technologies that have been applied in the food industry to extract and purify oil in microalgae and protect n-3 PUFA from oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ren
- INNOBIO Corporation Limited, No. 49, DDA, Dalian 116600, China; (Y.L.); (C.F.); (H.H.); (W.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.R.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-411-65864645 (X.R.); +1-902-566-7953 (Y.W.)
| | - Yanjun Liu
- INNOBIO Corporation Limited, No. 49, DDA, Dalian 116600, China; (Y.L.); (C.F.); (H.H.); (W.W.)
| | - Chao Fan
- INNOBIO Corporation Limited, No. 49, DDA, Dalian 116600, China; (Y.L.); (C.F.); (H.H.); (W.W.)
| | - Hao Hong
- INNOBIO Corporation Limited, No. 49, DDA, Dalian 116600, China; (Y.L.); (C.F.); (H.H.); (W.W.)
| | - Wenzhong Wu
- INNOBIO Corporation Limited, No. 49, DDA, Dalian 116600, China; (Y.L.); (C.F.); (H.H.); (W.W.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- DeOxiTech Consulting, 30 Cloverfield Court, Dartmouth, NS B2W 0B3, Canada;
| | - Yanwen Wang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
- Correspondence: (X.R.); (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-411-65864645 (X.R.); +1-902-566-7953 (Y.W.)
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15
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Effects of hydrothermal pretreatment on the dissolution and structural evolution of hemicelluloses and lignin: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 281:119050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Valladares-Diestra KK, Porto de Souza Vandenberghe L, Zevallos Torres LA, Zandoná Filho A, Lorenci Woiciechowski A, Ricardo Soccol C. Citric acid assisted hydrothermal pretreatment for the extraction of pectin and xylooligosaccharides production from cocoa pod husks. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126074. [PMID: 34606920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this work was the development of a new citric acid assisted hydrothermal pretreatment of cocoa pod husks (CPH), which has not yet been exploited for pectin recovery. CPH́s pectin recovery was improved with concomitant production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) through efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of the solid fraction. A central composite experimental design was planned to analyze the effect of pretreatment conditions. Under optimal conditions at 120 °C, 10 min and 2% w.v-1, the recovery of pectin accounted for 19.3% of the biomass submitted to pretreatment with 52.2% of methyl esterification degree. Additionally, 51.9 mg.g-1 of XOS were also produced. The enzymatic conversion efficiency of the cellulosic fraction was 58.9%, leading to a production of 92.4 kg of glucose per ton of CPH. Great perspectives were observed in the implementation of CPH hydrothermal pretreatment for the production of value-added biomolecules under a biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Kley Valladares-Diestra
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Luciana Porto de Souza Vandenberghe
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil.
| | - Luis Alberto Zevallos Torres
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Arion Zandoná Filho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Paraná, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Adenise Lorenci Woiciechowski
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, CP 19011, Curitiba-PR 81531-908, Brazil
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17
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Meng X, Yoo CG, Pu Y, Ragauskas AJ. Opportunities and challenges for flow-through hydrothermal pretreatment in advanced biorefineries. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126061. [PMID: 34597806 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) using only water offers great potential to reduce the overall cost of the bioconversion process. However, traditional HTP performed in a batch has limitations in removing lignin and often needs to be performed under severe conditions to achieve reasonable pretreatment effects. Lignin left in the pretreated residue at these conditions is also highly condensed, thus possessing an even more adverse impact on the hydrolysis process, which requires high enzyme loadings. To address these technical challenges, HTP performed in a flow-through configuration was developed to simultaneously achieve near-complete hemicellulose recovery, high lignin removal and high sugar release. Despite facing challenges such as potentially large water usage, flow-through HTP still represents one of the most cost-effective and eco-friendly pretreatment methods. This review mainly covers the latest cutting-edge innovations of flow-through HTP along with structural and compositional changes of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin before and after pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Meng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Yunqiao Pu
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA; Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA; Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, Center of Renewable Carbon, The University of Tennessee, Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, TN 37996-2200, USA.
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18
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Park MR, Jeong GT. Production of reducing sugar in Gracilaria verrucosa using physio-chemical pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Lancha JP, Colin J, Almeida G, Guerin C, Casalinho J, Perré P. A validated Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM) to predict the chemical degradation of biomass as a function of hydrothermal treatment conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125831. [PMID: 34455246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a DAEM (Distributed Activation Energy Model) approach to predict the chemical alterations of lignocellulosic biomass as a function of hydrothermal treatment conditions. The model is first tuned by an original device allowing the sample shrinkage to be continuously assessed during hydrothermal treatment in saturated water vapor up to 190 °C. The shrinkage dynamic is supplied in the DAEM model as an indicator of the degree of biomass conversion. A set of chemical analyses was performed at selected residence times and treatment temperatures to correlate this degree of conversion with the resulting chemical molecules. A set of functions was then derived from this database to correlate the degree of conversion with the components concentrations. Finally, a validation database was built with different combinations of temperature levels and residence times. The model was proved to be predictive on this new dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia P Lancha
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Julien Colin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Giana Almeida
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France.
| | - Cédric Guerin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Joel Casalinho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Patrick Perré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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20
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Sun Q, Chen WJ, Pang B, Sun Z, Lam SS, Sonne C, Yuan TQ. Ultrastructural change in lignocellulosic biomass during hydrothermal pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125807. [PMID: 34474237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, visualization and characterization of lignocellulose at different scales elucidate the modifications of its ultrastructural and chemical features during hydrothermal pretreatment which include degradation and dissolving of hemicelluloses, swelling and partial hydrolysis of cellulose, melting and redepositing a part of lignin in the surface. As a result, cell walls are swollen, deformed and de-laminated from the adjacent layer, lead to a range of revealed droplets that appear on and within cell walls. Moreover, the certain extent morphological changes significantly promote the downstream processing steps, especially for enzymatic hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation to bioethanol by increasing the contact area with enzymes. However, the formation of pseudo-lignin hinders the accessibility of cellulase to cellulose, which decreases the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis. This review is intended to bridge the gap between the microstructure studies and value-added applications of lignocellulose while inspiring more research prospects to enhance the hydrothermal pretreatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wei-Jing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Bo Pang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Zhuohua Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (Akuatrop), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Tong-Qi Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, No.35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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21
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Wang ZK, Huang C, Zhong JL, Wang Y, Tang L, Li B, Sheng JJ, Chen L, Sun S, Shen X. Valorization of Chinese hickory shell as novel sources for the efficient production of xylooligosaccharides. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:226. [PMID: 34838122 PMCID: PMC8626943 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chinese hickory shell, a by-product of the food industry, is still not utilized and urgent to develop sustainable technologies for its valorization. This research focuses on the systematical evaluation of degraded products and xylooligosaccharide production with high yield from the shell via hydrothermal process. The pretreatment was carried out in a bath pressurized reactor at 140-220 °C for 0.5-2 h. The results indicated that the pretreatment condition strongly affected the chemical structures and compositions of the liquid fraction. The maximum yield of XOS (55.3 wt%) with limitation of by-products formation was achieved at 160 °C for 2 h. High temperature (220 °C) and short time (0.5 h) contributed to hydrolysis of xylooligosaccharide with high DP to yield 37.5 wt% xylooligosaccharide with DP from 2 to 6. Xylooligosaccharide obtained mainly consisted of xylan with branches according to the HSQC NMR analysis. Overall, the production of XOS with a high yield from food waste will facilitate the valorization of food waste in the biorefinery industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kun Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jun-Lei Zhong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lv Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Sheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shaolong Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - XiaoJun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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22
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Başar İA, Çoban Ö, Göksungur MY, Eskicioğlu Ç, Perendeci NA. Enhancement of lignocellulosic biomass anaerobic digestion by optimized mild alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment for biorefinery applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113539. [PMID: 34426215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic energy crops are promising feedstocks for producing renewable fuels, such as methane, that can replace diminishing fossil fuels. However, there is a major handicap in using lignocellulosic sources to produce biofuels, which is their low biodegradability. In this study, the application and the optimization of a lignocellulose pretreatment process, named alkaline hydrogen peroxide, was investigated for the enhancement of methane production from the energy crop switchgrass. Four independent process variables, solid content (3-7%), reaction temperature (50-100 °C), H2O2 concentration (1-3%), and reaction time (6-24 h), and three response variables, soluble reducing sugar, soluble chemical oxygen demand, and biochemical methane potential were used in process optimization and modeling. The optimization was performed by two different approaches as maximum methane production and cost minimization. The optimum conditions for the highest methane production were found as 6.65 wt% solid content, 50.6 °C reaction temperature, 2.94 wt% H2O2 concentration, and 16.05 h reaction time. The conditions providing the lowest cost were 6.43 wt% solid content, 50 °C reaction temperature, 1.83 wt% H2O2 concentration, and 6.78 h reaction time. For maximum methane production and cost minimization, specific methane yields of 338.52 mL CH4/g VS and 291.34 mL CH4/g VS were predicted with 62.4 % and 39.8 % enhancements compared to untreated switchgrass, respectively. Finally, it was found that the predicted methane production for the maximum methane production represents 77 % of the theoretical methane yield and 82.22 % energy recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Alper Başar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey; UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, BC, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Özge Çoban
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Çiğdem Eskicioğlu
- UBC Bioreactor Technology Group, School of Engineering, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, BC, Kelowna, Canada
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23
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Wang X, Yuan H, Song X, Li X, Zuo X. Lower temperature hydrothermal pretreatment improves the anaerobic digestion performance of spent cow bedding. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Kumar Khanal S, Lü F, Wong JWC, Wu D, Oechsner H. Anaerobic digestion beyond biogas. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125378. [PMID: 34166927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a matured technology for waste (water) remediation/stabilization and bioenergy generation in the form of biogas. AD technology has several inherent benefits ranging from generating renewable energy, remediating waste (water), and reducing greenhouse gas emission to improving health/hygiene and the overall socio-economic status of rural communities in developing nations. In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in applications of AD technology beyond biogas. This special issue (SI) entitled, "Anaerobic Digestion Beyond Biogas (ADBB-2021)," was conceptualized to incorporate some of the recent advances in AD in which the emphasis is beyond biogas, such as anaerobic biorefinery, chain elongation, treatment of micropollutants, toxicity and system stability, digestate as biofertilizer, bio-electrochemical systems, innovative bioreactors, carbon sequestration, biogas upgrading, microbiomes, waste (water) remediation, residues/waste pre-treatment, promoter addition, and modeling, process control, and automation, among others. This VSI: ADBB-2021 contains 53 manuscripts (14 critical reviews and 39 research). The key findings of each manuscript are briefly summarized here, which can serve as a valuable resource for AD researchers to learn of major advances in AD technology and identify future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Fan Lü
- College of Environmental Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hans Oechsner
- State Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bioenergy, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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25
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Ghimire N, Bakke R, Bergland WH. Liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass for methane production: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125068. [PMID: 33849751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) (Hot water extraction (HWE) and steam pretreatment) and pyrolysis have the potential to liquefy lignocellulosic biomass. HTP produces hydrolysate, consisting mainly of solubilized hemicellulose, while pyrolysis produces aqueous pyrolysis liquid (APL). The liquid products, either as main products or by-product, can be used as anaerobic digestion (AD) feeds, overcoming shortcomings of solid-state AD (SS-AD). This paper reviews HWE, steam pretreatment, and pyrolysis pretreatment methods used to liquefy lignocellulosic biomass, AD of liquefied products, effects of inhibition from intermediate by-products such as furan and phenolic compounds, and pretreatment tuning to increase methane yield. HTP, focusing on methane production, produces less inhibitory compounds when carried out at moderate temperatures. APL is a challenging feed for AD due to its complexity, including various inhibitory substances. Pre-treatment of biomass before pyrolysis, adaptation of microorganism to inhibitors, and additives, such as biochar, may help the AD cultures cope with inhibitors in APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Ghimire
- Department of Process, Energy and Environmental Technology, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kjølnes Ring 56, NO-3918 Porsgrunn, Norway.
| | - Rune Bakke
- Department of Process, Energy and Environmental Technology, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kjølnes Ring 56, NO-3918 Porsgrunn, Norway
| | - Wenche Hennie Bergland
- Department of Process, Energy and Environmental Technology, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kjølnes Ring 56, NO-3918 Porsgrunn, Norway
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26
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Effect of Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment on Hydrolysates Composition and Methane Yield of Rice Processing Residue. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14113254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic rice processing residue was pretreated in liquid hot water (LHW) at three different temperatures (140, 160, and 180 °C) and two pretreatment times (10 and 20 min) in order to assess its effects on hydrolysates composition, matrix structural changes and methane yield. The concentrations of acetic acid, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural increased with pretreatment severity (log Ro). The maximum methane yield (276 L kg−1 VS) was achieved under pretreatment conditions of 180 °C for 20 min, with a 63% increase compared to untreated biomass. Structural changes resulted in a slight removal of silica on the upper portion of rice husks, visible predominantly at maximum severity. However, the outer epidermis was kept well organized. The results indicate, at severities 2.48 ≤ log Ro ≤ 3.66, a significant potential for the use of LHW to improve methane production from rice processing residue.
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Chen J, Wang X, Zhang B, Yang Y, Song Y, Zhang F, Liu B, Zhou Y, Yi Y, Shan Y, Lü X. Integrating enzymatic hydrolysis into subcritical water pretreatment optimization for bioethanol production from wheat straw. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145321. [PMID: 33515886 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol is a potential approach to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental deterioration. To improve the conversion efficiency of bioethanol from wheat straw (WS), the optimization of subcritical water pretreatment and high solid hydrolysis were investigated in this study. Response surface methodology (RSM) accompanied with glucose concentration after enzymatic hydrolysis as a more reasonable response value was applied for the pretreatment optimization, and the optimum conditions were obtained as 220.51 °C of extraction temperature, 22.01 min of extraction time and 2.50% (w/v) of substrate loading. After pretreatment, the hemicellulose decreased by 18.37%, and the cellulose and lignin increased by 25.92% and 8.81%, respectively, which were consistent with the destroyed microstructure and raised crystallinity. The high efficiency of separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) was verified by five commercial cellulases, and yields of hydrolysis and fermentation were 77.85-89.59% and 93.34-96.18%, respectively. Based on the high solid (15%) hydrolysis and fermentation, the ethanol concentration was significantly improved to 37.00 g/L. Interestingly, 64.47% of lignin was accumulated in the solid residue after enzymatic hydrolysis and it did not affect the efficiency of SHF, which further suggested that subcritical water mainly affected the structure of WS rather than the removal of lignin. Therefore, subcritical water pretreatment combined with high solid hydrolysis is a more effective solution for bioethanol conversion, which is also a promising strategy to utilize all components of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Biying Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangbo Song
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bianfang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanglei Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Lancha JP, Perré P, Colin J, Lv P, Ruscassier N, Almeida G. Multiscale investigation on the chemical and anatomical changes of lignocellulosic biomass for different severities of hydrothermal treatment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8444. [PMID: 33875731 PMCID: PMC8055998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical changes sustained by lignocellulosic biomass during hydrothermal treatment are reflected at multiple scales. This study proposes to benefit from this multiscale nature in order to provide a global understanding of biomass alterations during hydrothermal treatment. For this purpose, complementary imaging techniques-confocal Raman microscopy and X-ray nano-tomography-analysed by image processing and coupled to chemical measurements were used. This unique combination of analyses provided valuable information on topochemical and morphological changes of poplar samples, without the artefacts of sample preparation. At the cell wall level, holocellulose hydrolysis and lignin modifications were observed, which corresponded to anatomical modifications observed at higher scales. Overall, after treatment, samples shrank and had thinner cell walls. When subjected to more severe pre-treatments, cells were disrupted and detached from adjacent cells. Anatomical changes were then used to obtain quantitative indicators of the treatment severity. The effects of treatment at different scales can thus be quantitatively connected in both directions, from micro to macro and from macro to micro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia P. Lancha
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Patrick Perré
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 51110 Pomacle, France ,grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Julien Colin
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 51110 Pomacle, France ,grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pin Lv
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université Paris-Saclay, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Nathalie Ruscassier
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Giana Almeida
- grid.460789.40000 0004 4910 6535INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, Université Paris-Saclay, 91300 Massy, France
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Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Hydrothermally Pretreated Lignocellulosic Biomass (Norway Spruce (Picea abies)). Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hot water extraction (HWE) removes hemicellulose from woody biomass to give improved end products while producing a sugar-rich by-product stream, which requires proper treatment before disposal. Hot water extracted Norway spruce (Picea abies) at two different pretreatment conditions (140 °C for 300 min (H140) and 170 °C for 90 min (H170)) generated hydrolysate as a by-product, which was used in mesophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) as substrate. H140 gave a higher methane yield (210 NmL/g COD—chemical oxygen demand) than H170 (148 NmL/g COD) despite having a lower concentration of sugars, suggesting that different levels of inhibitors (furans and soluble lignin) and recalcitrant compounds (soluble lignin) affected the methane yield significantly. Organic loads (OLs) had a negative effect on the methane yield, as observed during AD of H170, while such an effect was not observed in the case of H140. This suggests that the decrease in methane yield (32%) of H170 compared to H140 is primarily due to inhibitors, while the decrease in methane yield (19%) of H140 compared to the synthetic hydrolysate is primarily due to recalcitrant substances. Therefore, both OL and pretreatment conditions must be considered for efficient anaerobic digestion from hydrolysate for enhanced methane production.
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Xiang C, Tian D, Hu J, Huang M, Shen F, Zhang Y, Yang G, Zeng Y, Deng S. Why can hydrothermally pretreating lignocellulose in low severities improve anaerobic digestion performances? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141929. [PMID: 32896792 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A lignocellulosic residue, rice straw, was hydrothermally pretreated for the whole slurry anaerobic digestion. In contrast to the unpretreated rice straw, 110-120 °C pretreatment promoted biogas yield by 35%-38%, while only 14% promotion happened on the pretreatment at 180 °C. To understand why this improvement happened at lower severities, the pretreated rice straw at 90 °C, 120 °C, and 180 °C were selected for the further investigation, in which the liquor and solid fraction were separated for digestion, and compared with the whole slurry digestion. Results indicated more methane was released from the derived liquor of 180 °C than that of 90 °C and 120 °C, however, solid fraction did not exhibit significantly different methane yields (187.77-193.91 mL/g TS). These results suggested that the released soluble fraction from pretreatment could facilitate the methanogenesis. Furthermore, the released inherent soluble fraction in rice straw was mainly responsible for higher biogas yield at lower temperatures. Pretreatment at higher temperatures disintegrated the rice straw recalcitrance more, and intensified the release of soluble fraction accordingly. Consequently, the methanogenesis of whole slurry could be promoted at the initial digestion; the hydrolysis/acidification of the solid fraction in whole slurry was weakened greatly, which resulted in a lower biogas yield. This can also be proved by the evolution of dominant bacteria and archaea in the anaerobic digestion of whole slurry, separated solid and liquor fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Xiang
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Dong Tian
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, the University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 4H9, Canada
| | - Mei Huang
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Fei Shen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
| | - Yanzong Zhang
- Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Gang Yang
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yongmei Zeng
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Shihuai Deng
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China; Rural Environment Protection Engineering & Technology Center of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
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Awoyale AA, Lokhat D. Experimental determination of the effects of pretreatment on selected Nigerian lignocellulosic biomass in bioethanol production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:557. [PMID: 33436682 PMCID: PMC7804122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, five lignocellulosic biomass namely, corn cobs (Zea mays), rice husks (Oryza sativa), cassava peels (Manihot esculenta), sugar cane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum), and white yam peels (Dioscorea rotundata) of two mesh sizes of 300 and 425 microns and a combination of some and all of the biomass were pretreated using combined hydrothermal and acid-based, combined hydrothermal and alkali-based and hydrothermal only processes. The raw and pretreated biomass were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the effects of the various pretreatments on the biomass being studied. The cellulose values of the raw biomass range from 25.8 wt% for cassava peels biomass to 40.0 wt% for sugar cane bagasse. The values of the cellulose content increased slightly with the pretreatment, ranging from 33.2 to 43.8 wt%. The results of the analysis indicate that the hydrothermal and alkaline-based pretreatment shows more severity on the different biomass being studied as seen from the pore characteristics results of corn cobs + rice husks biomass, which also shows that the combination of feedstocks can effectively improve the properties of the biomass in the bioethanol production process. The FTIR analysis also showed that the crystalline cellulose present in all the biomass was converted to the amorphous form after the pretreatment processes. The pore characteristics for mixed corn cobs and rice husks biomass have the highest specific surface area and pore volume of 1837 m2/g and 0.5570 cc/g respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeolu A Awoyale
- Reactor Technology Research Group, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
- Petroleum and Natural Gas Processing Department, Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Nigeria.
| | - David Lokhat
- Reactor Technology Research Group, School of Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Sun SC, Sun D, Wang HM, Li HY, Cao XF, Sun SN, Yuan TQ. Effect of integrated treatment on improving the enzymatic digestibility of poplar and the structural features of isolated hemicelluloses. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lancha JP, Colin J, Almeida G, Perré P. In situ measurements of viscoelastic properties of biomass during hydrothermal treatment to assess the kinetics of chemical alterations. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123819. [PMID: 32712513 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to use continuous measurements of viscoelastic properties to evaluate the effect of hydrothermal treatment on poplar samples. Different conditions (temperature and pre-soaking liquid: acidic, neutral and alkaline) were tested on wood in both tangential and radial directions. Two viscoelastic properties were determined: the modulus of elasticity and the stress relaxation. The applicability of these properties as indicators of the kinetics of biomass deconstruction was also evaluated, thanks to the chemical analyses performed on the treated solid and the recovered liquid phase. The ultimate goal is to build a macroscopic indicator capable of establishing rules to optimize the hydrothermal treatment before the explosion stage. The joint use of the two parameters succeeded in revealing the effects of chemical degradation, including the coexistence of cleavage and re-condensation and the impact of process conditions (temperature, residence time, and pre-soaking liquid). The monotonous behavior of stress relaxation is a major asset as a possible macroscopic indicator of biomass deconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Parlatore Lancha
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France.
| | - Julien Colin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Giana Almeida
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR SayFood, 91300 Massy, France
| | - Patrick Perré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 51110 Pomacle, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Nitsos C, Filali R, Taidi B, Lemaire J. Current and novel approaches to downstream processing of microalgae: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107650. [PMID: 33091484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological application of microalgae cultures at large scale has significant potential in the various fields of biofuels, food and feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutic, environmental remediation and water treatment. Despite this great potential application, industrialisation of microalgae culture and valorisation is still faced with serious remaining challenges in culture scale-up, harvesting and extraction of target molecules. This review presents a general summary of current techniques for harvesting and extraction of biomolecules from microalgae, their relative merits and potential for industrial application. The cell wall composition and its impact on microalgae cell disruption is discussed. Additionally, more recent progress and promising experimental methods and studies are summarised that would allow the reader to further investigate the state of the art. A final survey of energetic assessments of the different techniques is also made. Bead milling and high-pressure homogenisation seem to give clear advantages in terms of target high value compounds extraction from microalgae, with enzyme hydrolysis as a promising emerging technique. Future industrialisation of microalgae for high scale biotechnological processing will require the establishment of universal comparison-standards that would enable easy assessment of one technique against another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Nitsos
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
| | - Rayen Filali
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
| | - Behnam Taidi
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, Unierstiy of Paris Sacaly, Bât Gustave Eiffel, 3 rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Julien Lemaire
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
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Jiang X, Narron RH, Han Q, Park S, Chang HM, Jameel H. Tracing Sweetgum Lignin's Molecular Properties through Biorefinery Processing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4613-4623. [PMID: 32452146 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Changes to the molecular properties of lignin over the course of biorefinery processing were investigated by using sweetgum as a feedstock. Hydrothermal pretreatment has been used because it is an economically attractive, green process. Three representative biorefinery lignin preparations were obtained, with about 70 % yield based on raw lignin. The three fractions included soluble lignin adsorbed on resin (XADL), solvent-extracted lignin (HTCELp), and an additional ball-milled residual lignin (HTRELp). By comparing the raw and biorefinery lignin preparations, it can be concluded that lignin undergoes both degradation and condensation throughout the various stages of the hydrothermal-based biorefinery process. The two fractions made soluble by biorefinery processing, XADL and HTCELp, were found to be low-molecular-weight degradation products enriched with free phenolic hydroxyl groups. In addition, about 15 % of noncondensed phenolic units were involved in condensation reactions. Quantitative NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed that at least about 28 % of β-O-4' substructures were cleaved. Hibbert's ketones were identified in XADL and HTRELp, which provided evidence of lignin undergoing acidolysis. The contents of β-5' and β-β' did not change significantly upon biorefinery processing. Finally, episyringaresinol was detected in XADL and HTCELp. It is hoped that these findings will help to further demonstrate the specific effects of biorefinery processing on lignin in hardwood and facilitate its utilization to improve biorefinery economics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Robert H Narron
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Qiang Han
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Sunkyu Park
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Hou-Min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Wang X, Liu Y, Cui X, Xiao J, Lin G, Chen Y, Yang H, Chen H. Production of furfural and levoglucosan from typical agricultural wastes via pyrolysis coupled with hydrothermal conversion: Influence of temperature and raw materials. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 114:43-52. [PMID: 32673980 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The liquid product from biomass direct pyrolysis is usually complex and difficult to effectively utilize. By combining hydrothermal conversion and low-temperature pyrolysis, the hemicellulose and cellulose of biomass can be transformed into value-added furfural and levoglucosan (LG), respectively. The effects of temperature during hydrothermal treatment (160-240 °C) and subsequent pyrolysis (340-400 °C) on the production of furfural and LG were investigated by using three typical agricultural wastes, namely corn stalk, peanut shells, and rice stalk. The maximum furfural yield of 4.2% was achieved upon hydrolysis of peanut shells at 200 °C. The hydrochar produced from peanut shells presented the highest LG yield of 7.3% (based on original biomass weight) for a pyrolysis temperature of 360 °C. Under this optimal condition, the total revenue from various products of the hybrid thermochemical process was estimated at $0.362 per kilogram of peanut shells, whereas furfural and LG account for 90% of the revenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guiying Lin
- Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Yingquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Thermophilic Methane Production from Hydrothermally Pretreated Norway Spruce (Picea abies). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10144989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Norway spruce (Picea abies) is an industrially important softwood species available in northern Europe and can be used to produce bio-methane after proper pretreatment to overcome its recalcitrant complex structure. Hot water extraction (HWE) pretreatment at two different conditions (170 °C for 90 min (severity 4.02) and 140 °C for 300 min (severity 3.65)) was applied to extract hemicellulosic sugars from Norway spruce for thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) of the hydrolysate. The methane yield of hydrolysate prepared at the lower pretreatment severity was found to be 189 NmL/gCOD compared to 162 NmL/gCOD after the higher pretreatment severity suggesting higher pretreatment severity hampers the methane yield due to the presence of inhibitors formed due to sugars and lignin degradation and soluble lignin, extracted partially along with hemicellulosic sugars. Synthetic hydrolysates simulating real hydrolysates (H170syn and H140syn) had improved methane yield of 285 NmL/gCOD and 295 NmL/gCOD, respectively in the absence of both the inhibitors and soluble lignin. An effect of organic loadings (OLs) on the methane yield was observed with a negative correlation between OL and methane yield. The maximum methane yield was 290 NmL/gCOD for hydrolysate pretreated at 140 °C compared to 195 NmL/gCOD for hydrolyate pretreated at 170 °C, both at the lowest OL of 6 gCOD/L. Therefore, both pretreatment conditions and OL need to be considered for efficient methane production from extracted hydrolysate. Such substrates can be utilized in continuous flow industrial AD with well-adapted cultures with stable organic loading rates.
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Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Beechwood. Part 2: Quantification of Cellulase Inhibitors and Their Effect on Avicel Hydrolysis. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomass pretreatment is a mandatory step for the biochemical conversion of lignocellulose to chemicals. During pretreatment, soluble compounds are released into the prehydrolyzate that inhibit the enzymatic hydrolysis step. In this work, we investigated how the reaction conditions in steam explosion pretreatment of beechwood (severity: 3.0–5.25; temperature: 160–230 °C) influence the resulting amounts of different inhibitors. Furthermore, we quantified the extent of enzyme inhibition during enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel in the presence of the prehydrolyzates. The amounts of phenolics, HMF, acetic acid and formic acid increased with increasing pretreatment severities and maximal quantities of 21.6, 8.3, 43.7 and 10.9 mg/gbeechwood, respectively, were measured at the highest severity. In contrast, the furfural concentration peaked at a temperature of 200 °C and a severity of 4.75. The presence of the prehydrolyzates in enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel lowered the glucose yields by 5–26%. Mainly, the amount of phenolics and xylose and xylooligomers contributed to the reduced yield. As the maximal amounts of these two inhibitors can be found at different conditions, a wide range of pretreatment severities led to severely inhibiting prehydrolyzates. This study may provide guidelines when choosing optimal pretreatment conditions for whole slurry enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Beechwood. Part 1: Comparison of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Washed Solids and Whole Pretreatment Slurry at Different Solid Loadings. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Steam explosion is a well-known process to pretreat lignocellulosic biomass in order to enhance sugar yields in enzymatic hydrolysis, but pretreatment conditions have to be optimized individually for each material. In this study, we investigated how the results of a pretreatment optimization procedure are influenced by the chosen reaction conditions in the enzymatic hydrolysis. Beechwood was pretreated by steam explosion and the resulting biomass was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis at glucan loadings of 1% and 5% employing either washed solids or the whole pretreatment slurry. For enzymatic hydrolysis in both reaction modes at a glucan loading of 1%, the glucose yields markedly increased with increasing severity and with increasing pretreatment temperature at identical severities and maximal values were reached at a pretreatment temperature of 230 °C. However, the optimal severity was 5.0 for washed solids enzymatic hydrolysis, but only 4.75 for whole slurry enzymatic hydrolysis. When the glucan loading was increased to 5%, glucose yields hardly increased for pretreatment temperatures between 210 and 230 °C at a given severity, and a pretreatment temperature of 220 °C was sufficient under these conditions. Consequently, it is important to precisely choose the desired conditions of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, when aiming to optimize the pretreatment conditions for a certain biomass.
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Mariano APB, Unpaprom Y, Ramaraj R. Hydrothermal pretreatment and acid hydrolysis of coconut pulp residue for fermentable sugar production. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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42
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Recent progresses in the application of lignin derived (nano)catalysts in oxidation reactions. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.110942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Cao Y, Zhang C, Tsang DC, Fan J, Clark JH, Zhang S. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignin to Aromatic Chemicals: Impact of Lignin Structure. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Daniel C.W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - James H. Clark
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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Kim KH, Kim CS, Wang Y, Yoo CG. Integrated Process for the Production of Lactic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass: From Biomass Fractionation and Characterization to Chemocatalytic Conversion with Lanthanum(III) Triflate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Ho Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02702, Republic of Korea
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Chang Soo Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunxuan Wang
- Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Paper and Bioprocess Engineering, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
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Ji M, Sang W, Tsang DCW, Usman M, Zhang S, Luo G. Molecular and microbial insights towards understanding the effects of hydrochar on methane emission from paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136769. [PMID: 31982762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Directly returning rice straw to the paddy soil would significantly stimulate methane emission, and hydrochar has potential to be used as soil conditioner. However, the effects of hydrochar on the methane emission from paddy soil and the related mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, straw-based hydrochar obtained at 200 °C (HC200), 250 °C (HC250) and 300 °C (HC300) and hydrochar after removal of bio-oil at these temperatures (CHC200, CHC250, and CHC300) were prepared and added to the paddy soil. The application of HC200, HC250 and HC300 resulted in the enhanced methane production compared to the control, showing 4.3, 1.6 and 1.5-fold higher methane production, respectively. It was related to the large amount of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from hydrochar. Excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) showed that the hydrochar-derived DOM mainly included humic-like, phenolic and less aromatic structures, and with the increase of hydrothermal temperature, the content of humic-like substances and phenols increased, while biodegradable organics decreased. This was consistent with the maximum methane production by HC200. After incubation, there was no low-aromatic structures observed in the soil leachate, and the residual organics were mainly humus. The EEM-PARAFAC results were supported by compositional characterization of soil leachate by high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the refractory organics released from hydrochar was mainly lignins or (CRAM)-like structures in the range of H/C = 0.8-1.6 and O/C = 0.1-0.5. The organics dissolved from the washed hydrochar was significantly reduced, and some washed hydrochar (CHC250 and CHC300) even inhibited methane emission possibly due to their ability to adsorb organics. Microbial analysis further showed that the increased methane production resulted from hydrochar was associated with the enrichment of Janibacter, Anaeromyxobacter, Anaerolinea and Sporacetigenium. This present study provided a better understanding to the effect of hydrochar on methanogenesis in paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Ji
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenjing Sang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Abstract
Hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass is a crucial step for the production of sugars and biobased platform chemicals. Pretreatment experiments in a semi-continuous plant with diluted sulphuric acid as catalyst were carried out to measure the time-dependent formation of sugars (glucose, xylose, mannose), furfurals, and organic acids (acetic, formic, and levulinic acid) at different hydrolysis temperatures (180, 200, 220 °C) of one representative of each basic type of lignocellulose: hardwood, softwood, and grass. The addition of the acid catalyst is followed by a sharp increase in the sugar concentration. Xylose and mannose were mainly formed in the initial stages of the process, while glucose was released slowly. Increasing the reaction temperature had a positive effect on the formation of furfurals and organic acids, especially on hydroxymehtylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid, regardless of biomass type. In addition, large amounts of formic acid were released during the hydrolysis of miscanthus grass. Structural changes in the solid residue show a complete hydrolysis of hemicellulose at 180 °C and of cellulose at 200 °C after around 120 min reaction time. The results obtained in this study can be used for the optimisation of the hydrolysis conditions and reactor design to maximise the yields of desired products, which might be sugars or furfurals.
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Sun S, Cao X, Li H, Zhu Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Wang Y, Sun S. Simultaneous and Efficient Production of Furfural and Subsequent Glucose in MTHF/H 2O Biphasic System via Parameter Regulation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030557. [PMID: 32138299 PMCID: PMC7182857 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient production of furfural from cornstalk in 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran/aqueous (MTHF/H2O) biphasic system via parameter regulation (e.g., VMTHF/VH2O, temperature, time, and H2SO4 concentration) was proposed. The resulting solid residues achieved from the different MTHF/H2O system conditions for furfural production were also to prepare glucose by adding cellulases to increase the high-value applications of cornstalk. A maximum furfural yield (68.1%) was obtained based on reaction condition (VMTHF:VH2O = 1:1, 170 °C, 60 min, 0.05 M H2SO4). Among these parameters, the concentration of H2SO4 had the most obvious effect on the furfural production. The glucose yields of the residues acquired from different MTHF/H2O processes were enhanced and then a maximum value of 78.9% based on the maximum furfural production conditions was observed. Single factor may not be sufficient to detail the difference in glucose production, and several factors affected the hydrolysis efficiency of the residues. Overall, the MTHF/H2O system effectively converted cornstalk into furfural and glucose via a simple and environment-friendly process, thus was an ideal manner for the food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Xuefei Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Huiling Li
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Yingbo Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yijing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shaoni Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.S.)
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Optimization of Xylose Recovery in Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches for Xylitol Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10041391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The hardest obstacle to make use of lignocellulosic biomass by using green technology is the existence of lignin. It can hinder enzyme reactions with cellulose or hemicellulose as a substrate. Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) consist of hemicellulose with xylan as the main component. Xylitol production via fermentation could use this xylan since it can be converted into xylose. Several pretreatment processes were explored to increase sugar recovery from lignocellulosic biomass. Considering that hemicellulose is more susceptible to heat than cellulose, the hydrothermal process was applied to OPEFB before it was hydrolyzed enzymatically. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature, solid loading, and pretreatment time on the OPEFB hydrothermal process. The xylose concentration in OPEFB hydrolysate was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results indicated that temperature was more important than pretreatment time and solid loading for OPEFB sugar recovery. The optimum temperature, solid loading, and pretreatment time for maximum xylose recovery from pretreated OPEFB were 165 °C, 7%, and 60 min, respectively, giving a xylose recovery of 0.061 g/g of pretreated OPEFB (35% of OPEFB xylan was recovered).
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Comparative Evaluation of Organic Acid Pretreatment of Eucalyptus for Kraft Dissolving Pulp Production. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13020361. [PMID: 31940949 PMCID: PMC7014399 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pretreatment is an essential process for the extensive utilization of lignocellulose materials. The effect of four common organic acid pretreatments for Kraft dissolving pulp production was comparatively investigated. It was found that under acidic conditions, hemicellulose can be effectively removed and more reducing sugars can be recovered. During acetic acid pretreatment, lignin that was dissolved in acetic acid could form a lignin-related film which would alleviate cellulose hydrolysis, while other organic acids caused severe cellulose degradation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to characterize the pretreated chips in the process. Lignin droplets were attached to the surface of the treated wood chips according to the SEM results. The FTIR spectrum showed that the lignin peak signal becomes stronger, and the hemicellulose peak signal becomes weaker with acid pretreatment. The XRD spectrum demonstrated that the crystallinity index of the wood chips increased. The acetic acid pretreatment process-assisted Kraft process achieved higher yield (31.66%) and higher α-cellulose (98.28%) than any other organic acid pretreatment. Furthermore, extensive utilization of biomass was evaluated with the acetic acid pretreatment-assisted Kraft process. 43.8% polysaccharide (12.14% reducing sugar and 31.66% dissolving pulp) and 22.24% lignin (0.29% acetic acid lignin and 21.95% sulfate lignin) were recovered during the process. Biomass utilization could reach 66.04%. Acetic acid pretreatment is a promising process for extensive biomass utilization.
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Yu G, Liu S, Feng X, Zhang Y, Liu C, Liu YJ, Li B, Cui Q, Peng H. Impact of ammonium sulfite-based sequential pretreatment combinations on two distinct saccharifications of wheat straw. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17129-17142. [PMID: 35521439 PMCID: PMC9053470 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01759k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of lignocellulosic substrates obtained from different pretreatments have a big impact on downstream saccharification based on both the fungal cellulase system and the cellulosome-based whole-cell biocatalysis system. However the corresponding effect of these two distinct saccharification strategies has not been comparatively analyzed. In this work, three ammonium sulfite (AS)-based pretreatment combinations (i.e., AS + hydrothermal (HT) pretreatment, AS + xylanase (X) pretreatment, and HT + AS pretreatment) were conducted to treat wheat straw. The obtained pretreated substrates with different properties were saccharified using fungal cellulase or an engineered Clostridium thermocellum strain as the whole-cell biocatalyst, and the ability to release sugar was comparatively evaluated. It was found that for the whole-cell saccharification, the total sugar digestibility of AS + HT/X pretreated wheat straw was 10% higher than that of HT + AS pretreated wheat straw. However, for fungal cellulase-based saccharification, the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency was less susceptible to the sequence of pretreatment combinations. Hence, the whole-cell biocatalysis system was more sensitive to substrate accessibility compared to the free enzymes. In addition, the characterization and analyses showed that AS + HT/X pretreatment could remove more lignin, generating a more accessible surface with a larger external surface and lower surface lignin coverage, compared to the HT + AS pretreatment. Therefore, the AS + HT/X pretreatment was more compatible with the cellulosome-based whole-cell saccharification. The impact of substrate properties on wheat straw sugar release from fungal cellulase and whole cell-based CBS was comparatively investigated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Shiyue Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Yuedong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Chao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Qiu Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
| | - Hui Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Qingdao Engineering Laboratory of Single Cell Oil
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
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